Key to world species of Polynema (Dorypolynema) (both sexes)

1 Antenna clavate, with flagellum 7-segmented (female)........................................................ 2

- Antenna filiform, with flagellum 11-segmented (male)........................................................ 5

2(1) Head dark brown, contrasting in color with a lighter (light brown or brown) mesosoma (Figs 1, 17, 18)................. 3

- Head concolorous with a dark brown mesosoma [Neotropical]................. P. (Dorypolynema) magniceps Ashmead

3(2) Scape inner surface with numerous modified setae, similar to those in males, creating pin cushion-like appearance; fore wing 4.3× as long as wide [Taiwan].......................................................... P. (Dorypolynema) sp.

- Scape inner surface with only a few, normal setae; fore wing at least 4.9× as long as wide............................ 4

4(3) Fore wing disc bare behind venation (Figs 6, 8); body length (excluding exserted part of ovipositor) of critical point dried specimens at least 1100 µm [Australasian (excluding New Zealand) and Oriental]...... P. (Dorypolynema) mendeli Girault

- Fore wing disc with 1 to 4 setae behind venation (usually behind base of marginal vein) (Fig. 22); body length (excluding exserted part of ovipositor) of critical point dried specimens at most 1025 µm [Afrotropical, excluding Madagascar and Afrotropical parts of Asia].......................................... P. (Dorypolynema) mboroense (Risbec), comb. n.

5(1) F1 without mps....................................................................................... 6

- F1 with 1 or 2 mps [Neotropical]......................................... P. (Dorypolynema) magniceps Ashmead

6(5) Pronotum enlarged (Fig. 14) and entire or at most divided mediolongitudinally only anteriorly, with 5 or 6 pairs of blunt setae, and median length, excluding collar, about 0.4× total [lateral] length [Australasian and Oriental].............................................................................................. P. (Dorypolynema) mendeli Girault

- Pronotum not particularly enlarged (Fig. 25) and completely divided mediolongitudinally, with 3 pairs of pointed setae, and median length, excluding collar, about 0.25× length of total [lateral] length [Afrotropical, excluding Madagascar and Afrotropical parts of Asia].............................................. P. (Dorypolynema) mboroense (Risbec), comb. n.