Dichotomius paraguayanus Gandini & Aguilar, new synonym of Canthidium kelleri (Martínez, Halffter, and Pereira)

Gandini and Aguilar (2009) assigned Dichotomius paraguayanus to the subgenus Luederwaldtinia in a species group (section) of its own. Comparison of a paratype of D. paraguayanus (Paraguay: Dpto Cordillera: Naranjo. 15.X.2005. J.Rivas, CEMT) and a paratype of C. kelleri (Brazil: Goiás: Rio Verde. Dr Nick, CEMT) lead us to conclude that the two names are synonymous. The reassignment of this species to Canthidium is supported by the absence of a ventral clypeal process, the angulation of the apices of the protibiae (less than 90°), the short and convex mesosternum, and the ovoid body shape. Canthidium paraguayanus belongs to a group of Canthidium that is commonly found mixed with Dichotomius in collections around the world. This group also includes C. gigas Balthasar and C. bokermanni (Martínez, Halffter, and Pereira) and is currently under review by the second author and a collaborator. We have consulted Paolo Gandini about this synonym and he agrees with reassignment to Canthidium . Specimens of this species will easily key to Canthidium in Vaz-de-Mello et al. (2011).