identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
3B060651BC3553DAB1EC066163BA4EE2.text	3B060651BC3553DAB1EC066163BA4EE2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bregmaceros anchovia Ho, Endo & Lee 2020	<div><p>Bregmaceros anchovia Ho, Endo &amp; Lee, 2020</p><p>Korean name.</p><p>Song-got-ip-nal-gae-myeol.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Juvenile (16.18 mm SL). (Fig. 4; Table 4).</p><p>Body long, slightly compressed, tapering posteriorly. Anus anterior to mid-body. Snout slightly inclined upwards. Upper jaw projecting beyond lower; snout pointed in dorsal view (Fig. 5). Maxilla extending beyond center of pupil but not reaching posterior margin. All fin rays fully formed. First dorsal fin ray on the occipital region elongating further. Pectoral fin originating just posterior to operculum; located slightly above the mid-body depth. Pelvic fin elongating with growth. Longest ray extending well beyond anal fin origin. Anal fin origin immediately posterior to anus; second dorsal fin origin posterior to vertical through anal fin origin. Anterior and posterior rays of second dorsal and anal fins longer than middle rays, forming distinct concave profile. Caudal fin rays clearly divided into branched and unbranched rays. Melanophores densely distributed on head, consisting of stellate, dot-like, branch-shaped. A single large embedded melanophore present at anterior region of abdominal cavity. Small dot-shaped melanophores forming a single row from nape to end of second dorsal fin; becoming larger and stellated in shape from second dorsal fin origin. Stellate melanophores forming a single row on ventral side of trunk; terminating around the middle of anal fin. Dot-like melanophores sporadic on caudal peduncle. Melanophores present on anterior second dorsal fin rays.</p><p>Diagnostic characters.</p><p>Single rows of melanophores present along both dorsal and ventral sides of trunk. Pointed snout.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Although the larval specimen of B. anchovia examined in the present study was collected prior to the publication of the first adult record from Korea by Koo and Kim (2026), its identification was completed later following comparative morphological and molecular analyses. Therefore, the present study represents the first larval record of B. anchovia from Korean waters. The occurrence of larval B. anchovia around Jeju-do Island suggests that the northwestern Pacific Ocean may serve as a potential spawning and nursery ground for the species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B060651BC3553DAB1EC066163BA4EE2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Koo, Seo-Yeon;Myoung, Se Hun;Yoon, Sang-Chul;Lee, Jung-Hoon;Kim, Jin-Koo	Koo, Seo-Yeon, Myoung, Se Hun, Yoon, Sang-Chul, Lee, Jung-Hoon, Kim, Jin-Koo (2026): New findings on the early life stages of five codlet species (Teleostei, Gadiformes, Bregmacerotidae) from the northwestern Pacific, including a putative undescribed Bregmaceros lineage. ZooKeys 1284: 299-328, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1284.191403
FBBF11E0E9EE58549BAC3FB62563DD6F.text	FBBF11E0E9EE58549BAC3FB62563DD6F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bregmaceros japonicus Tanaka 1908	<div><p>Bregmaceros japonicus Tanaka, 1908</p><p>Korean name.</p><p>Nal-gae-myeol.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Postflexion larva (9.06 mm SL). (Fig. 6 A; Table 5).</p><p>Body elongate, laterally compressed, tapering posteriorly. Head depth exceeded body depth. Anus anterior to mid-body. Maxilla extending beyond center of pupil. First dorsal fin ray on the occipital region elongating further. Pelvic fin originating just posterior to lower jaw; longest ray extending beyond anal fin origin. Anal and second dorsal fins origin posterior to anus; anal fin origin slightly anterior to vertical through second dorsal fin origin. Anterior and posterior rays of second dorsal and anal fins elongate, with concave mid-region. Branch-shaped melanophores dense on head, jaws, snout, opercle, supraorbital region, and pectoral fin. Stellate melanophores scattered on the abdominal cavity, nape, and lateral trunk. Second dorsal and anal fin rays densely pigmented; melanophores clustered around caudal fin base.</p><p>Juvenile (10.86 mm SL). (Fig. 6 B; Table 5).</p><p>Body long, slightly compressed, tapering posteriorly. Head depth exceeded the body depth. Anus anterior to mid-body. Maxilla extending beyond center of pupil but not reaching posterior margin. First dorsal fin ray on the occipital region elongating with growth. All fin rays fully formed. Pelvic fin elongating with growth. Longest ray extending well beyond anal fin base. Anal fin origin immediately posterior to anus; second dorsal fin origin posterior to vertical through it. Anterior and posterior rays of second dorsal and anal fins markedly longer than middle rays; forming distinct concave profile. Branch-shaped melanophores clustered on head, snout, jaws, preopercle. Pectoral fin base and rays densely pigmented. Stellate melanophores scattered on abdominal cavity, nape, and lateral trunk; the size of melanophores becoming smaller with growth. Scattered melanophores on second dorsal and anal fin rays, densest at posterior region. Caudal fin base heavily pigmented but not on rays.</p><p>Diagnostic characters.</p><p>Large melanophores distributed over entire body; melanophores densely clustered at bases of second dorsal, anal, and caudal fins.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FBBF11E0E9EE58549BAC3FB62563DD6F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Koo, Seo-Yeon;Myoung, Se Hun;Yoon, Sang-Chul;Lee, Jung-Hoon;Kim, Jin-Koo	Koo, Seo-Yeon, Myoung, Se Hun, Yoon, Sang-Chul, Lee, Jung-Hoon, Kim, Jin-Koo (2026): New findings on the early life stages of five codlet species (Teleostei, Gadiformes, Bregmacerotidae) from the northwestern Pacific, including a putative undescribed Bregmaceros lineage. ZooKeys 1284: 299-328, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1284.191403
4DAF75BD6DDD5F4E870E4002CDD46EFC.text	4DAF75BD6DDD5F4E870E4002CDD46EFC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bregmaceros nectabanus Whitley 1941	<div><p>Bregmaceros nectabanus Whitley, 1941</p><p>Korean name.</p><p>Tae-pyong-yang-nal-gae-myeol.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Preflexion larvae (2.81–4.03 mm NL). (Fig. 7 A; Table 6).</p><p>Body elongate, laterally compressed tapering posteriorly. Abdominal cavity rounded; anus anterior to mid-body. Head large, dorsally convex. Snout inclined upwards; lower jaw projecting beyond upper jaw. Posterior end of the maxilla not reaching the center of eye. First dorsal fin ray not formed. Pelvic fin bud present posterior to lower jaw. Pectoral fin as finfold. Anal fin origin immediately posterior to anus; second dorsal fin origin anterior to vertical through anal fin origin. Second dorsal and anal fins in most specimens as finfold; rays developing posteriorly in some specimens. Caudal fin continuous with second dorsal and anal fins; caudal rays forming beneath posterior notochord tip. Dot-like melanophores forming row on dorsal side of abdominal cavity. A few dot-like melanophores present on ventral side of abdominal cavity. A single dot-like melanophore on the lower operculum. A single melanophore on the mid-body.</p><p>Flexion larvae (4.36–5.04 mm NL). (Fig. 7 B; Table 6).</p><p>Body compressed, elongate, tapering posteriorly. Head large with shallow dorsal depression. Abdominal cavity rounded; anus anterior to mid-body. Snout inclined; posterior tip of maxilla extending beyond center of pupil. Single elongate, separate first dorsal fin ray formed on the occipital region and reaching center of abdominal cavity. Pectoral fin developing rays; anterior portion formed pterygiophores. Anal fin origin immediately posterior to anus; second dorsal fin origin vertically above anal fin origin. A series of dot-like melanophores on the dorsal side of the abdominal cavity, decreasing with growth; but melanophores on isthmus becoming bigger and denser. Dot-like melanophores on lower operculum becoming more distinct. A melanophore on the lateral trunk, becoming slightly darker but smaller.</p><p>Postflexion larvae (6.69–10.49 mm SL). (Fig. 7 C, D; Table 6).</p><p>Body elongate, laterally compressed, tapering posteriorly. Anus anterior to mid-body; abdominal cavity rounded. Snout less steep than in flexion larvae. Posterior tip of maxilla extending beyond center of pupil. First dorsal fin ray on the occipital region becoming longer. In smaller specimens (~ 7.33 mm SL), pelvic fin originating just posterior to lower jaw; longest ray extending beyond anus. In larger specimens (~ 10.49 mm SL), pelvic fin rays elongating further; longest ray extending beyond anal fin origin. Anal fin origin immediately posterior to anus; second dorsal fin origin slightly posterior to vertical through anal fin origin. In smaller specimens (~ 7.33 mm SL), second dorsal and anal fin rays similar in length; in larger specimens (~ 10.49 mm SL), anterior and posterior rays elongate, with concave mid-region. Embedded melanophores present at dorsal side of abdomen; a single melanophore on isthmus. Melanophores appearing on head and supraorbital region. Lower operculum heavily pigmented. In larger specimens (~ 10.49 mm SL), two large melanophores on posterior trunk, and a single melanophore on caudal fin base.</p><p>Juveniles (10.23–31.52 mm SL). (Fig. 7 E, F; Table 6).</p><p>Body long, slightly compressed, tapering posteriorly. Anus anterior to mid-body. Snout slightly inclined upwards and rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 5). Maxilla reaching or slightly exceeding center of pupil. First dorsal fin ray on the occipital region elongating further. All fin rays fully formed. Pelvic fin elongating with growth; longest ray extending well beyond anal fin origin. Second dorsal fin origin slightly posterior to vertical through anal fin origin. Caudal fin rays divided into branched and unbranched rays. In smaller specimens (~ 11.27 mm SL), melanophore on dorsal side of abdominal cavity and lateral trunk almost absent; a single melanophore on ventral side of abdominal cavity remained. Supraorbital melanophores becoming weaker. Thin melanophores present at lower side of operculum. Melanophores on lateral trunk becoming a single large melanophore. Caudal fin base densely pigmented. However, in larger specimens (17.62 mm SL), large embedded melanophores present at abdominal cavity; dot-like melanophores on the head. Melanophores absent on the lower side of the operculum. Melanophores on posterior trunk absent; dot-like melanophores forming a single row dorsally. Melanophores on caudal fin rays absent.</p><p>Diagnostic characters.</p><p>Less pigmented larvae compared with B. japonicus . Melanophores present on lower part of preopercle.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4DAF75BD6DDD5F4E870E4002CDD46EFC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Koo, Seo-Yeon;Myoung, Se Hun;Yoon, Sang-Chul;Lee, Jung-Hoon;Kim, Jin-Koo	Koo, Seo-Yeon, Myoung, Se Hun, Yoon, Sang-Chul, Lee, Jung-Hoon, Kim, Jin-Koo (2026): New findings on the early life stages of five codlet species (Teleostei, Gadiformes, Bregmacerotidae) from the northwestern Pacific, including a putative undescribed Bregmaceros lineage. ZooKeys 1284: 299-328, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1284.191403
FFA3806C5E5E52FE92D02A24D027F445.text	FFA3806C5E5E52FE92D02A24D027F445.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bregmaceros neonectabanus Masuda, Ozawa & Tabeta 1986	<div><p>Bregmaceros neonectabanus Masuda, Ozawa &amp; Tabeta, 1986</p><p>Korean name.</p><p>Un-nal-gae-myeol.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Preflexion larva (3.64 mm NL). (Fig. 8 A; Table 7).</p><p>Body laterally compressed, elongate, tapering posteriorly. Abdominal cavity rounded; anus anterior to mid-body. Head large, dorsally convex. Snout steeply inclined; lower jaw projecting beyond upper jaw. Posterior end of the maxilla not reaching the center of pupil. First dorsal fin ray not formed. Pectoral fin as finfold. Pelvic fin bud present immediately posterior to lower jaw; longest ray extending beyond center of abdominal cavity. Anal fin origin posterior to anus; second dorsal fin origin slightly anterior to vertical through anal fin origin. Posterior portions of second dorsal and anal fins forming fin rays. Caudal fin continuous with second dorsal and anal fins; caudal rays forming beneath posterior notochord tip. Melanophores aggregated on dorsal side of abdominal cavity and supraorbital region. No melanophores on the lower side of the operculum and trunk.</p><p>Postflexion larva (8.43 mm SL). (Fig. 8 B; Table 7).</p><p>Body elongate, laterally compressed, tapering posteriorly. Abdominal cavity rounded; anus anterior to mid-body. Snout inclined slightly upwards; mouth relatively large. Maxilla slightly extending beyond center of pupil. First dorsal fin ray on the occipital region elongating further. Pelvic fin originating just posterior to lower jaw; longest ray extending beyond anal fin origin. Anal fin origin immediately posterior to anus; second dorsal fin origin vertically above anal fin origin. Anterior and posterior rays of second dorsal and anal fins elongate, with concave mid-region. Melanophores aggregated on head and isthmus. Melanophores on the supraorbital region relatively light. No melanophores on the ventral margin of the operculum. Dorsal side of abdominal cavity densely pigmented. A large dark melanophore on caudal peduncle.</p><p>Juveniles (11.15–14.11 mm SL). (Fig. 8 C; Table 7).</p><p>Body long, slightly compressed, tapering posteriorly. Anus anterior to mid-body. Snout slightly inclined upwards. Maxilla reaching or nearly reaching center of pupil. First dorsal fin ray on the occipital region elongating. All fin rays fully formed. Pelvic fin originating just posterior to lower jaw and elongating with growth; longest ray extending well beyond anal fin origin. Second dorsal fin origin slightly anterior to vertical through anal fin origin. Anterior and posterior rays of second dorsal and anal fins markedly longer than middle rays, forming distinct concave profile. Caudal fin rays clearly divided into branched and unbranched rays. Melanophores on head, supraorbital region and dorsal side of abdominal cavity appearing relatively light. A single large melanophore on caudal peduncle.</p><p>Diagnostic characters.</p><p>A single prominent melanophore on caudal peduncle during postflexion and juvenile stages. Melanophores absent on lower part of preopercle.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FFA3806C5E5E52FE92D02A24D027F445	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Koo, Seo-Yeon;Myoung, Se Hun;Yoon, Sang-Chul;Lee, Jung-Hoon;Kim, Jin-Koo	Koo, Seo-Yeon, Myoung, Se Hun, Yoon, Sang-Chul, Lee, Jung-Hoon, Kim, Jin-Koo (2026): New findings on the early life stages of five codlet species (Teleostei, Gadiformes, Bregmacerotidae) from the northwestern Pacific, including a putative undescribed Bregmaceros lineage. ZooKeys 1284: 299-328, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1284.191403
C1B8D7C0265059979145996B1866980A.text	C1B8D7C0265059979145996B1866980A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bregmaceros Thompson 1840	<div><p>Genus Bregmaceros Thompson, 1840</p><p>Korean name.</p><p>Nal-gae-myeol-sok.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Bregmaceros mcclellandi Thompson, 1840 .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body elongate, laterally compressed, tapering posteriorly; elongated first dorsal fin ray and pelvic fin ray; second dorsal fin and anal fin rays with concave mid region.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C1B8D7C0265059979145996B1866980A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Koo, Seo-Yeon;Myoung, Se Hun;Yoon, Sang-Chul;Lee, Jung-Hoon;Kim, Jin-Koo	Koo, Seo-Yeon, Myoung, Se Hun, Yoon, Sang-Chul, Lee, Jung-Hoon, Kim, Jin-Koo (2026): New findings on the early life stages of five codlet species (Teleostei, Gadiformes, Bregmacerotidae) from the northwestern Pacific, including a putative undescribed Bregmaceros lineage. ZooKeys 1284: 299-328, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1284.191403
