identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
F42087CFD767FFE8B0DFFB98FC5FFAF7.text	F42087CFD767FFE8B0DFFB98FC5FFAF7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinepeira Levi 1995	<div><p>Genus Spinepeira Levi, 1995</p><p>Type species. Spinepeira schlingeri Levi, 1995</p><p>Diagnosis. Females Spinepeira species can be distinguished from other Araneidae genera by the combination of the following characteristics: posterior eye row procuved; carapace without modifications; one anterior median tubercle, a pair of dorsal projections, two posterior median tubercles (Levi 1995: figs 16, 17) and short scape 2x wider than long (Fig. 2D, E).</p><p>Distribution. Ecuador and Peru.</p><p>Composition. Spinepeira erwini sp. nov., S. schlingeri Levi, 1995 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F42087CFD767FFE8B0DFFB98FC5FFAF7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Díaz-Guevara, David R.;Dupérré, Nadine	Díaz-Guevara, David R., Dupérré, Nadine (2025): A web of canopy discoveries part I (Araneae: Araneidae). New astonishing species of orb-weaving spiders from Ecuador and the first country record of Pozonia Schenkel, 1953. Zootaxa 5660 (4): 587-595, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5660.4.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5660.4.9
F42087CFD767FFE8B0DFFA49FE26F8FF.text	F42087CFD767FFE8B0DFFA49FE26F8FF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinepeira schlingeri Levi 1995	<div><p>Spinepeira schlingeri Levi, 1995</p><p>(Figure 1)</p><p>Type material. ♀ holotype from PERU, Monzon Valley, Tingo Mana, Depto. Huanuco, Peru, 18 Dec. 1954, E. I. Schlinger, E. S. Ross (CAS). Examined by photos .</p><p>Diagnosis. Females Spinepeira schlingeri are differentiated from Spinepeira erwini sp. nov. by the combination of the following characteristics: abdomen with anterior median tubercle and posterior median tubercles short; a pair of dorsal projections with truncated ending (Fig. 1A); ventral abdominal black mark broken, longer than wide (Fig. 1B) and scape with convergent sides (Fig. 1C) whereas abdomen with anterior median tubercle exceeding the length of the cephalothorax, wider and more prominent posterior median tubercles, a pair of dorsal projections with a pointed ending (Fig. 1A), ventral abdominal black mark entire, wider than long (Fig. 1B) and scape with parallel side in the latter (Fig. 1D).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F42087CFD767FFE8B0DFFA49FE26F8FF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Díaz-Guevara, David R.;Dupérré, Nadine	Díaz-Guevara, David R., Dupérré, Nadine (2025): A web of canopy discoveries part I (Araneae: Araneidae). New astonishing species of orb-weaving spiders from Ecuador and the first country record of Pozonia Schenkel, 1953. Zootaxa 5660 (4): 587-595, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5660.4.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5660.4.9
F42087CFD764FFEDB0DFFA0DFF01FD27.text	F42087CFD764FFEDB0DFFA0DFF01FD27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinepeira erwini Díaz-Guevara & Dupérré 2025	<div><p>Spinepeira erwini new species</p><p>(Figure 2)</p><p>Type material. ♀ holotype from ECUADOR, Orellana province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.14416&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.63194" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.14416/lat -0.63194)">Tiputini Biodiversity Station</a>, 220 m, 0.63194 °S, 76.14416 °W, 01 October 2000, Col. T. Erwin, M. Pimienta, A. Troya &amp; M. Santacruz (MEPN-INV 49162) .</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of Terry Erwin, an impressive researcher who passed away in 2020. In recognition of his devotion to canopy invertebrate research and its massive biodiversity surveys in Ecuador, thanks to whom canopy arachnid research in the country can be possible today.</p><p>Diagnosis. The female of Spinepeira erwini sp. nov. can be easily differentiated from Spinepeira schlingeri by the combination of the following characteristics: abdomen with anterior median tubercle that exceeds the length of the cephalothorax, a pair of dorsal projections with a pointed ending (vs. truncated ending in S. schlingeri), and wider and more prominent posterior median tubercles (Fig. 2A); ventral abdominal black mark entire wider than long (Fig. 2B) whereas ventral abdominal black mark broken and longer than wide in the latter (Fig. 1B); scape with parallel side in Spinepeira erwini sp. nov. (Fig. 2D) while side convergent in Spinepeira schlingeri (Fig. 1D).</p><p>Description. Female (Holotype): Total length 4.97; prosoma 1.85; opisthosoma 5.21; anterior median tubercle 2.64; posterior median tubercles 0.68; abdominal projections 1.82. AME length: 0.11; ALE 0.07; PME 0.16; PLE 0.07. Eyes interdistances: AME-AME 0.09; AME-ALE 0.22; PME-PME 0.1; PME-PLE 0.22; ALE-PLE 0.02.</p><p>Leg measurements. Total (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus): I: 8.69 (2.68, 0.95, 2.27, 2.00, 0.79); II: 7.33 (2.39, 0.85, 1.69, 1.75, 0.65); III: 3.92 (1.19, 0.48, 0.79, 0.91, 0.55); IV: 6.02 (1.64, 0.64, 1.59, 1.44, 0.71).</p><p>Carapace orange with a blackish mark in the middle (Fig. 2A, C). Chelicerae yellow, promargin with four teeth, retromargin with three teeth. Sternum black, longer than wide. Labium black, endites yellow (Fig. 2B).</p><p>Abdomen dorsally orange-yellow, covered with pale-yellowish setae, yellow and long median tubercle which exceeds the length of the prosoma, two pointed, long, and thin dorsal projections, two posterior yellowish median tubercles with scattered black marks between them, a hump-like structure pointed forward (in lateral view) and a smaller and yellowish posterior projection (Figs 2 A-C). Ventrally with a big black mark between the epigynum and the spinnerets and four smaller white patches between the big black mark and the spinnerets (Fig. 2B). Legs orange, covered with thin and creamy setae with some spines (Figs 2 A-C). The femur of legs I and II is orange-black with a thick black line retrolaterally (Fig. 2C). Epigynum with short apically rounded scape, sides parallel (Figs 2D, E), internal genitalia with two large, oval spermathecae almost touching medially, fertilization duct short and curved (Fig. 2E).</p><p>Male. Unknown</p><p>Distribution. Only known from the type locality in Orellana province (Fig. 5A).</p><p>Natural history. The only known specimen was collected by fogging the canopy in the Ecuadorian Amazonian region.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F42087CFD764FFEDB0DFFA0DFF01FD27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Díaz-Guevara, David R.;Dupérré, Nadine	Díaz-Guevara, David R., Dupérré, Nadine (2025): A web of canopy discoveries part I (Araneae: Araneidae). New astonishing species of orb-weaving spiders from Ecuador and the first country record of Pozonia Schenkel, 1953. Zootaxa 5660 (4): 587-595, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5660.4.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5660.4.9
F42087CFD762FFEDB0DFFD78FE8DFBD7.text	F42087CFD762FFEDB0DFFD78FE8DFBD7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scoloderus Simon 1887	<div><p>Genus Scoloderus Simon, 1887</p><p>Diagnosis. Scoloderus species can be easily distinguished from other Araneidae genera by the following characteristics: a bulging, helmet-shaped carapace without two knobs, high clypeus of at most two-and-a-half diameters of the anterior median eyes, a pedicel generally attached to the posterior third of an abdomen that is not projected anteriorly (Traw 1996; see Levi 2002, figs 38–39).</p><p>Distribution. USA to Argentina.</p><p>Composition. Scoloderus ackerlyi Traw, 1996, S. cordatus (Taczanowski, 1879), S. gibber (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898), S. neilli sp. nov., S. nigriceps (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1895), and S. tuberculifer (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F42087CFD762FFEDB0DFFD78FE8DFBD7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Díaz-Guevara, David R.;Dupérré, Nadine	Díaz-Guevara, David R., Dupérré, Nadine (2025): A web of canopy discoveries part I (Araneae: Araneidae). New astonishing species of orb-weaving spiders from Ecuador and the first country record of Pozonia Schenkel, 1953. Zootaxa 5660 (4): 587-595, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5660.4.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5660.4.9
F42087CFD762FFECB0DFFB28FF01FEEB.text	F42087CFD762FFECB0DFFB28FF01FEEB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scoloderus neilli Díaz-Guevara & Dupérré 2025	<div><p>Scoloderus neilli new species</p><p>(Figure 3)</p><p>Type material ♀ holotype from ECUADOR, Orellana: Reserva Étnica Waorani, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.4555&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.65714" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.4555/lat -0.65714)">Onkone Gare Biological Station</a>, 247 m, 0.65714°S, 76.4555°W, 25 January 2006, Col. T. Erwin, M. Pimienta, A. Troya &amp; M. Santacruz (MECN-AR 560) .</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet honors David Alan Neill, who passed away in this year (2025). A great researcher and teacher of the lead author during his time as a student at the Amazon State University of Ecuador (UEA). In recognition of his dedication to Ecuadorian flora’s conservation, taxonomy, and systematics.</p><p>Diagnosis. The female of S. neilli sp. nov. differs from all the other species of the genus by the presence of a unique dorsal hump in the opisthosoma (Fig. 3A, C) (vs opisthosoma often with three dorsal humps in S. nigriceps, always with three humps in S. tuberculifer and the opisthosoma without dorsal humps in S. cordatus, S. gibber, and S. ackerlyi). The narrow scape of epigynum with parallel sides resembles S. tuberculifer; however, it can be easily differentiated from it by the presence of two bigger spermathecae, much further apart from each other and highly curved, longer, and thicker copulatory ducts, almost touching (Figs 3E, F).</p><p>Description. Female (Holotype): Total length: 5.35; carapace: 1.43 long. Diameter of AME 0.11, PME 0.11, ALE 0.08, PLE 0.08. Eye inter-distances AME-AME 0.11; AME-ALE 0.42; ALE-PLE 0.01; PME-PLE 0.58; PME-PME 0.20.</p><p>Leg measurements: Total (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus): I: 3.01 (1.07, 0.34, 0.70, 0.59, 0.31); II: 2.80 (0.93, 0.43, 0.59, 0.53, 0.32); III: 1.72 (0.53, 0.27, 0.37, 0.33, 0.22); IV: (0.92, missing patella to tarsus).</p><p>Carapace, reddish without a notch. Chelicerae reddish. Sternum, pale reddish to orange. (Fig. 2B). Legs with setae and reddish, similar to the carapace (Fig. 3 A-D). Dorsum of the abdomen, with a unique dorsal hump in a shiny area (Fig. 3A, C). Opisthosoma hairy and pale reddish to orange with six pairs of black spots, with its diameter decreasing to the most distal part of the abdomen, being the first pair of spots notably bigger than the others (Fig. 3A, C). The sides of the abdomen are creamy (Fig. 3D). Venter of the abdomen brown (Fig. 3B).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Only known from the type locality in Orellana province (Fig. 5A)</p><p>Natural history. The only known specimen was collected by fogging the canopy in the Ecuadorian Amazonian region.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F42087CFD762FFECB0DFFB28FF01FEEB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Díaz-Guevara, David R.;Dupérré, Nadine	Díaz-Guevara, David R., Dupérré, Nadine (2025): A web of canopy discoveries part I (Araneae: Araneidae). New astonishing species of orb-weaving spiders from Ecuador and the first country record of Pozonia Schenkel, 1953. Zootaxa 5660 (4): 587-595, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5660.4.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5660.4.9
F42087CFD763FFEFB0DFF811FB2CFF76.text	F42087CFD763FFEFB0DFF811FB2CFF76.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pozonia bacillifera (Simon 1897)	<div><p>Pozonia bacillifera (Simon, 1897)</p><p>Material examined. ♂ from ECUADOR, Orellana province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.14416&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.63194" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.14416/lat -0.63194)">Tiputini Biodiversity Station</a>, 220 m, 0.63194 °S, 76.14416 °W, 02 Januay 2001, Col. T. Erwin, M. Pimienta, A. Troya &amp; M. Santacruz (MEPN-INV 49163) .</p><p>Note. The pair of dorsal humps of this specimen are tiny, almost imperceptible (Fig. 4 A-C).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F42087CFD763FFEFB0DFF811FB2CFF76	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Díaz-Guevara, David R.;Dupérré, Nadine	Díaz-Guevara, David R., Dupérré, Nadine (2025): A web of canopy discoveries part I (Araneae: Araneidae). New astonishing species of orb-weaving spiders from Ecuador and the first country record of Pozonia Schenkel, 1953. Zootaxa 5660 (4): 587-595, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5660.4.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5660.4.9
