identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
ED034731FF8EF6505204FDED4628B32F.text	ED034731FF8EF6505204FDED4628B32F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deltocephalinae Fieber 1869	<div><p>Subfamily Deltocephalinae Fieber, 1869</p><p>Tribe Acinopterini Oman, 1943</p><p>Tribe Acostemmini Evans, 1972</p><p>Tribe Arrugadini Linnavuori, 1965</p><p>Tribe Athysanini Van Duzee, 1892</p><p>Subtribe Athysanina Van Duzee, 1892 stat. nov. Subtribe Cochlorhinina Oman, 1943 stat. nov. Subtribe Koebeliina Baker, 1897 stat. nov.</p><p>Tribe Bahitini Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013</p><p>Tribe Chiasmini Distant, 1908</p><p>Tribe Cicadulini Van Duzee, 1892</p><p>Tribe Deltocephalini Fieber, 1869</p><p>Tribe Dorycephalini Oman, 1943</p><p>Tribe Eupelicini Sahlberg, 1871</p><p>Subtribe Drakensbergenina Linnavuori, 1979 stat. nov. Subtribe Eupelicina Sahlberg, 1871</p><p>Subtribe Paradorydiina Evans, 1936</p><p>Subtribe Stenometopiina Baker, 1923 stat. nov.</p><p>Tribe Faltalini Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2010</p><p>Tribe Fieberiellini Wagner, 1951</p><p>Tribe Goniagnathini Wagner, 1951</p><p>Tribe Hecalini Distant, 1908</p><p>Subtribe Glossocratina Dmitriev, 2002</p><p>Subtribe Hecalina Distant, 1908</p><p>Tribe Limotettigini Baker, 1915</p><p>Tribe Luheriini Linnavuori, 1959</p><p>Tribe Macrostelini Kirkaldy, 1906</p><p>Tribe Mukariini Distant, 1908</p><p>Tribe Occinirvanini Evans, 1966</p><p>Tribe Opsiini Emeljanov, 1962</p><p>Subtribe Achaeticina Emeljanov, 1962</p><p>Subtribe Circuliferina Emeljanov, 1962</p><p>Subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2006</p><p>Subtribe Opsiina Emeljanov, 1962</p><p>Tribe Paralimnini Distant, 1908</p><p>Subtribe Aglenina Dmitriev, 2004</p><p>Subtribe Paralimnina Distant, 1908</p><p>Tribe Pendarini Dmitriev, 2009</p><p>Tribe Penthimiini Kirschbaum, 1868</p><p>Tribe Platymetopiini Haupt 1929 reinstated</p><p>Tribe Scaphoideini Oman, 1943</p><p>Subtribe Drabescina Ishihara, 1953 stat. nov.</p><p>Subtribe Phlepsiina Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013 stat. nov.</p><p>Subtribe Scaphoideina Oman, 1943 stat. nov.</p><p>Tribe Scaphytopiini Oman, 1943</p><p>Tribe Selenocephalini Fieber, 1872</p><p>Subtribe Bonaspeiina Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013 stat. nov.</p><p>Subtribe Hypacostemmina Linnavuori &amp; Al-Ne’amy, 1983 stat. nov. Subtribe Selenocephalina Fieber, 1872</p><p>Tribe Stegelytrini Baker, 1915</p><p>Tribe Tetartostylini Wagner, 1951</p><p>Tribe Vartini Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013</p><p>Subtribe Bambusanina subtribe nov.</p><p>Subtribe Punctulina Dai, Zahniser, Viraktamath &amp; Webb, 2017 stat. nov. Subtribe Vartina Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013 stat. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF8EF6505204FDED4628B32F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF8DF650526EFCC14428B722.text	ED034731FF8DF650526EFCC14428B722.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arrugadini Linnavuori 1965	<div><p>Tribe Arrugadini Linnavuori, 1965</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Large brown and yellow leafhoppers, texture of head and face strongly rugose, lateral margins of pronotum longer than the basal width of eye, first valvula dorsal sculpturing pattern granulose and submarginal, first valvula with distinctly delimited ventroapical sculpturing, and second valvula gradually expanded apically and without teeth.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Our current concept of this tribe encompasses only the type genus, Arrugada Oman, 1939. Its relationships to other Neotropical deltocephaline tribes and genera were somewhat unstable in the phylogenomic analyses of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2). Arrugada was consistently placed as sister to the morphologically disparate genus Chimaerotettix Dietrich &amp; Rakitov, 2002 (here considered incertae sedis) in concatenated maximum likelihood analyses but was sister to a clade comprising Baroma Oman, 1938 and Yungasia Linnavuori, 1959 (also incertae sedis) in the coalescent gene tree analysis. In addition to those genera, Carelmapu Linnavuori, 1959, Concepciona Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1977, Consepusa Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1977, and Huancabamba Linnavuori, 1959 were resolved in the clade with Arrugada . Branches separating these genera and clades in the phylogenies of Cao et al. (2022) are very short but the individual terminal taxa are on relatively long branches, indicating that they are genetically divergent in addition to their considerable morphological differences. Additional phylogenetic analyses with denser taxon sampling and comparative morphological analyses within this group of Neotropical genera will be needed to further resolve the relationships of these genera and determine whether they share any distinctive morphological characters. Pending further study, we consider these genera as incertae sedis in Deltocephalinae, within the large clade of almost entirely New World genera comprising tribes Bahitini, Pendarini, Scaphytopiini and Platymetopiini (as redefined below).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Neotropical.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF8DF650526EFCC14428B722	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF8CF6515262FE924181B7C2.text	ED034731FF8CF6515262FE924181B7C2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Athysanini Van Duzee 1892	<div><p>Tribe Athysanini Van Duzee, 1892</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This tribe has long been treated as a taxonomic dumping ground for genera of Deltocephalinae that do not fit the definitions of the smaller, morphologically better-defined tribes included in the subfamily. Previous phylogenetic analyses based on both morphology (Zahniser &amp; Dietrich 2008) and molecular data (Zahniser &amp; Dietrich 2010, 2013; Cao et al. 2022) have shown that the tribe, as defined by previous authors, e.g., Oman et al. (1990) and Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013), is polyphyletic. The phylogenomic results of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) recovered several independent lineages of genera previously included in Athysanini . Among the larger of such groups is a clade that includes the endemic New World tribes Bahitini, Pendarini and Scaphytopiini as well as most of the endemic Neotropical genera previously placed in Athysanini . The latter genera are here included in the revalidated tribe Platymetopiini (see below). Another large clade includes the mostly Indomalayan bamboo-specialist tribes Mukariini and Vartini . These two clades and their included tribes and subtribes are treated separately below.</p><p>A third large clade recovered by Cao et al. (2022) comprises Athysanina as recognized here (= the Athysanus group sensu Zahniser &amp; Dietrich 2013) as well as two groups which are newly considered subtribes of Athysanini here, the western Nearctic subtribe Cochlorhinina and the Holarctic subtribe Koebeliina . Cochlorhinina shares with some Athysanina one or two dorsal teeth on the fused portion of the second valvulae, and some (e.g., Gloridonus Ball, 1936) share a relatively broad frontoclypeus and parallel-sided anteclypeus with Athysanina . Some members of Koebeliina are relatively derived morphologically, possessing an elongated and flattened head which is perhaps related to their unusual habit of specialization on pines; they do not share obvious characters with Athysanina other than the presumably symplesiomorphic Y-shaped connective articulated to the aedeagus. Koebeliina and some Cochlorhinina share the presence of platellae on the plantar surface of metatarsomere I and some Koebeliina, e.g., Grypotes puncticollis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1834), share with Cochlorhinina a Y-shaped connective fused to the aedeagus. The characterizations of Cochlorhinina and Koebeliina remain unchanged from their tribal diagnoses and descriptions (Dietrich &amp; Dmitriev 2003; Zahniser &amp; Dietrich 2013). Grypotinae Haupt, 1929 syn. nov., a small group of five genera, was previously included as a subtribe of Koebeliini . It is here considered a synonym of Koebeliina, previously containing only the type genus, with which it shares several morphological synapomorphies (Dietrich &amp; Dmitriev 2003) and host plant specialization on Pinus spp. All recent phylogenetic analyses of Deltocephalinae strongly support a close relationship between Koebelia Baker, 1897 and sampled genera of Grypotinae . Cao et al. (2022) recovered one clade of Athysanina (including Athysanus Burmeister, 1838) as sister to Cochlorhinina and another (including Anoterostemma Löw, 1885, Thamnotettix Zetterstedt, 1837 and Euscelis Brullé, 1832) as sister to Koebeliina . Although it may eventually be possible to recognize both clades of Athysanina as separate subtribes, consistent morphological characters that distinguish members of these two clades have not been found; thus, they are here considered to belong to a single subtribe, Athysanina .</p><p>Tribe Athysanini, as here recognized, although well-supported as a monophyletic group, remains somewhat morphologically heterogeneous and difficult to diagnose based on a few morphological characters. Thus, we have not attempted a formal re-diagnosis of the tribe, although most included genera may be recognized by the characters provided for the nominotypical subtribe below. As mentioned above, subtribes Cochlorhinina and Koebeliina are smaller groups that share the Y-shaped connective found in Athysanina but each have distinctive characters that easily separate them from other Athysanini .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Nearctic, Palearctic, Oriental.</p><p>Included subtribes</p><p>Athysanina, Cochlorhinina stat. nov., Koebeliina stat. nov. (= Grypotinae Haupt syn. nov.).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF8CF6515262FE924181B7C2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF82F65F51D5FE924611B5B5.text	ED034731FF82F65F51D5FE924611B5B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Athysanina Van Duzee 1892	<div><p>Subtribe Athysanina Van Duzee, 1892 stat. nov.</p><p>Fig. 2</p><p>Athysanina Van Duzee, 1892: 299 .</p><p>Phrynomorphini Kirkaldy, 1907: 39 .</p><p>Thamnotettixaria Distant, 1908: 351.</p><p>Euscelidae Haupt, 1926: 308.</p><p>Anoterostemminae Haupt, 1929: 243 .</p><p>Bobacellini Kusnezov, 1929: 270 .</p><p>Allygidiina Dmitriev, 2006: 96 .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Moderately large, relatively robust deltocephalines, ground color usually tan, head with crown rounded to face, frontoclypeus relatively broad, anteclypeus usually parallel-margined or tapered distally, male pygofer often with an upturned ventral lobe, connective Y-shaped and articulated to aedeagus, first valvula with dorsal sculpturing areolate or granulose with elements of sculpture not organized into distinct rows, second valvulae usually with one or two dorsal teeth on basal fused section.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>In his description of Aindrahamia Linnavuori, 1965, Linnavuori (1965) stated that it is very similar to Allygus Fieber, 1872 . In addition to shared external characters, they share the pygofer apex with a short, upturned lobe. Based on these similarities and its similarity to Allygidius Ribaut, 1948 and Zercanus Dlabola, 1965, Aindrahamia is included in Athysanina . Morinda Emeljanov, 1972 was placed in Cicadulini by Hamilton (1975) and this was followed by Oman et al. (1990) and Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013). Emeljanov (1999) included it in his broad circumscription of Athysanini, and Hamilton (1997) considered it a subgenus of Euscelis Brullé, 1832 ( Athysanina). Morinda conforms to the definition of Athysanina given here, and more closely resembles this group than Cicadulini which are smaller and slender. Morinda is therefore moved to Athysanina here.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Nearctic, Palearctic.</p><p>Newly included genera</p><p>Aindrahamia Linnavuori, 1965; Morinda Emeljanov, 1972 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF82F65F51D5FE924611B5B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF82F65C520EFA54413AB464.text	ED034731FF82F65C520EFA54413AB464.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bahitini sensu Zahniser & Dietrich 2013	<div><p>Tribe Bahitini Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Medium-sized robust brown deltocephalines with symmetrical markings consisting of spots, stripes, bands or large unicolorous areas, head usually wider than pronotum, rarely strongly produced, crown usually with transverse preapical groove, crown-face transition often with one or more transverse carinae, gena angulately incised below eye, forewing usually with reflexed costal veins, appendix well developed but not extended around wing apex.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The phylogeny of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) recovered a well-supported clade that corresponds to Bahitini sensu Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) with a few exceptions. Brincadorus Oman, 1938 was included in Bahitini by Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) based on the possession of transverse carinae on the anterior margin of the head and a tumid and tapering anteclypeus, but in the analyses of Cao et al. (2022) it grouped instead with a large clade of mostly endemic Neotropical genera previously included in Athysanini but here included in the revalidated tribe Platymetopiini (restored from synonymy under Athysanini; see below). Camisão et al. (2024), citing the Cao et al. (2022) analyses, removed Brincadorus from Bahitini and considered it incertae sedis in Deltocephalinae (see below, Platymetopiini). Concepciona Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1977 was placed in Bahitini by Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) but was not resolved with other members of the tribe by Cao et al. (2022) and is therefore removed from the tribe and considered incertae sedis in Deltocephalinae .</p><p>Conversely, two Neotropical genera previously placed in Athysanini, Bergolix Linnavuori, 1959 and Hegira Oman, 1938, grouped with Bahitini in the recent phylogenomic analyses and are here transferred to that tribe. Bergolix possesses a transverse preapical groove on the crown as in other Bahitini, but Hegira does not. The Neotropical genus Eovulturnops Evans, 1947 was placed in Penthimiini by Evans (1947) based on its depressed body and spatulate head with concave face, but this genus consistently grouped with Bahitini in the analyses of Cao et al. (2022); it resembles other Bahitini in having transverse carinae on the anterior margin of the head, a broad and robust body form, several supernumerary costal crossveins in the forewing and the male subgenital plate with a single row of lateral macrosetae.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Nearctic, Neotropical.</p><p>Newly included genera</p><p>Bergolix Linnavuori, 1959 (from Athysanini); Eovulturnops Evans, 1947 (from Penthimiini); Hegira Oman, 1938 (from Athysanini).</p><p>Excluded genera</p><p>Concepciona Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1977 (to Deltocephalinae, incertae sedis).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF82F65C520EFA54413AB464	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF81F65D5266FB3B46D5B4FB.text	ED034731FF81F65D5266FB3B46D5B4FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cicadulini Van Duzee 1892	<div><p>Tribe Cicadulini Van Duzee, 1892</p><p>Cicadulini Van Duzee, 1892: 300 .</p><p>Procepitina Dmitriev, 2002: 641 .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Medium sized, slender, usually stramineous deltocephalines, anterior margin of head often with paired black spots, frontoclypeus longer than maximum width, anteclypeus widened distally, forewing with three anteapical cells, male pygofer often with differentiated dorsal and ventral lobes each of which may be produced into conical, triangular, or spine-like process, male segment X long and strongly sclerotized, subgenital plates sometimes with a row of macrosetae near the middle and with long fine setae laterally and macrosetae reduced in number, first valvulae with dorsal sculpture scale-like (imbricate), second valvulae with small teeth interspersed between larger teeth on distal blade.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>According to descriptions and illustrations of the male genitalia provided by Vilbaste (1967), Albicostella Ishihara, 1953 fits the tribal diagnosis of Cicadulini provided above. Zhang et al. (2021) noted the similarity of Neomacednus Xing &amp; Li, 2011 and Protensus Zhang &amp; Dai, 2001 to Albicostella, so these genera are therefore placed in Cicadulini . Lindberg (1954) noted that Amblytelinus Lindberg, 1954 is similar to Mocydiopsis Ribaut, 1939 and illustrates a long segment X, relatively short pygofer, and aedeagus similar to that of other Cicadulini, justifying its placement here. Knullana DeLong, 1941 was included in Cicadulini by Oman et al. (1990) and followed by Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) based on its well-sclerotized and somewhat elongated male anal tube. The analyses of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) consistently placed Knullana in a clade comprising the endemic Nearctic genera Omanana DeLong, 1942 and Spathanus DeLong, 1945 and the cosmopolitan genus Osbornellus Ball, 1932 indicating that it is more properly placed in Scaphoideini . Species of Knullana have the following characters which support placement in Scaphoideini: head narrower than the pronotum, subgenital plate apex long and membranous, and lateral margin of the subgenital plate with numerous long fine setae. Some species also have a paraphysis articulated between the connective and aedeagus, a structure that occurs in some Scaphoideini but is rare in other deltocephaline tribes. Based on its similarity to Hardya Edwards, 1922, Sardius Ribaut, 1946 is moved to Cicadulini . Dlabola (1980) stated that Biluscelis Dlabola, 1980 is closely related to Bilusius Ribaut, 1942 ( Athysanina) and/or Dudanus Dlabola, 1956 ( Cicadulini). Biluscelis has the subgenital plates with a row of four macrosetae distant from the lateral margin and a relatively long and sclerotized male segment X. Based on these characters, it is included in Cicadulini . More study is needed to determine the placement of Bilusius and other genera of Athysanini that were not sampled in the recent molecular analyses.</p><p>Niranjana et al. (2019) recently placed Pseudosubhimalus Ghauri, 1974 in Cicadulini based on the results of molecular phylogenetic analyses.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Nearctic, Neotropical, Palearctic.</p><p>Newly included genera</p><p>Albicostella Ishihara, 1953 (from Athysanini); Amblytelinus Lindberg, 1954 (from Athysanini); Biluscelis Dlabola, 1980 (from Athysanini); Hardya Edwards, 1922 (from Athysanini); Neomacednus Xing &amp; Li, 2011 (from Athysanini); Protensus Zhang &amp; Dai, 2001 (from Athysanini); Sardius Ribaut, 1946 (from Athysanini); Watanabella Vilbaste, 1969 (from Athysanini).</p><p>Excluded genus</p><p>Knullana DeLong, 1941 (to Scaphoideini, unplaced to subtribe).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF81F65D5266FB3B46D5B4FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF80F65A5267FA9446B6B66B.text	ED034731FF80F65A5267FA9446B6B66B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deltocephalini Fieber 1869	<div><p>Tribe Deltocephalini Fieber, 1869</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Small to medium sized deltocephalines, crown usually angulately produced in dorsal view, anteclypeus tapered or parallel-sided, lorum narrower than anteclypeus, connective linear with anterior arms closely appressed and fused to aedeagus, style often with medial anterior arm produced, first valvula dorsal sculpturing imbricate.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Heller &amp; Linnavuori (1968) suggested that Awasha Heller &amp; Linnavuori, 1968 is related to Paramesus Fieber, 1866 ( Paralimnini) but their drawings of the male genitalia of the type species show that the aedeagus is linear and fused to the connective, indicating that it is more properly placed in Deltocephalini . Dlabola’s (1979) drawings of Paramesanus wittmeri Dlabola, 1979 (the type species of Paramesanus Dlabola, 1979) indicate that it is very closely related to Awasha basicornis Heller &amp; Linnavuori, 1968 and should, therefore, be included in the older genus with Paramesanus treated as a junior synonym of Awasha, creating the new combination Awasha wittmeri (Dlabola, 1979) comb. nov. The former species differs from the latter in having the median pair of aedeagal processes extended beyond the shaft apex.</p><p>The analysis of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) consistently grouped the Oriental genus Loeia Duan, 2017, previously placed in Deltocephalini based on its linear connective fused to the aedeagus, with Vartini, but its position with respect to the three recognized subtribes was unstable. Loeia differs from Deltocephalini by its large size, parallel-margined crown (not produced), larger lorum, and anteclypeus expanding toward apex. The subtribe Punctulina of Vartini includes some other genera that have the male connective linear but articulated to the aedeagus (e.g., Bambuphaga Ramaiah et al., 2023). The ovipositor of Loeia is nearly identical to that of Hecalusina He et al., 2008, a genus previously placed in Hecalini but shown to be unrelated to other Hecalini by Catanach &amp; Dietrich (2017) and grouped with Punctulina in the analysis of Cao et al. (2022). Dietrich (2025) revised the genus and placed it in Punctulini based on its phylogenetic analyses of Cao et al. (2022) and the characters shared with other members of that group. This placement is followed here except as subtribe Punctulina of Vartini . Another Oriental genus, Yuanamia Duan &amp; Zhang, 2006 also grouped with Punctulina in the analysis of Cao et al. (2022). However, the included sample of Yuanamia showed high similarity to a sample representing an undescribed genus of Punctulina that is quite dissimilar from Yuanamia and we found no morphological characters supporting the relationship; therefore, the DNA sample of Yuanamia may have been contaminated and we retain Yuanamia in Deltocephalini pending further study.</p><p>Cabrellus Emeljanov, 1964 has the connective articulated with the aedeagus. Its placement is corrected here to Paralimnini . Zilkaria de Menezes, 1974 was previously placed in Athysanini . Its small size, tapered anteclypeus, style with medial anterior arm produced, and linear connective in addition to the author’s comparison to related genera Planicephalus Linnavuori, 1954 and Loreta Linnavuori, 1959 suggest it belongs in Deltocephalini (de Menezes 1974) .</p><p>Cabrulus Oman, 1949 possesses a linear connective fused with the aedeagus and has therefore traditionally been placed in Deltocephalini (Oman et al. 1990; Zahniser &amp; Dietrich 2013). However, Ross &amp; Hamilton (1972) cited characters that support a close relationship between Cabrulus and Orocastus Oman, 1949 ( Paralimnina) which has a linear connective articulated with the aedeagus. The relationship to Paralimnina was supported by the molecular phylogenetic analyses of Fang et al. (1993), and Cabrulus is therefore transferred to that subtribe. Other instances of the fusion of the aedeagus and connective in Paralimnina are known, e.g., in the Flexamia prairiana group of species (Whitcomb &amp; Hicks 1988).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cosmopolitan.</p><p>Newly included genera</p><p>Awasha Heller &amp; Linnavuori, 1968 (from Athysanini) [= Paramesanus Dlabola, 1979 syn. nov. (formerly treated as a valid genus of Paralimnini)]; Zilkaria Menezes, 1974 .</p><p>Excluded genera</p><p>Alodeltocephalus Evans, 1966 (to Limotettigini); Cabrellus Emeljanov, 1964 (to Paralimnini: Paralimnina); Cabrulus Oman, 1949 (to Paralimnini: Paralimnina).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF80F65A5267FA9446B6B66B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF87F65B5273F90546C9B603.text	ED034731FF87F65B5273F90546C9B603.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eupelicini Sahlberg 1871	<div><p>Tribe Eupelicini Sahlberg, 1871</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Small to medium-sized, usually stramineous or brown deltocephalines, sometimes with bold symmetrical markings, head often strongly produced, body surfaces often conspicuously granulose, forewing veins sometimes slightly to strongly elevated, male pygofer usually with posterodorsal margin well sclerotized and strongly sloping posteroventrad, connective elongate with stem well developed and arms only slightly divergent, aedeagus simple and without processes but apex often bifid, first valvula with dorsal sculpture usually granulose and submarginal, second valvula usually without teeth on dorsal margin.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The analysis of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) grouped Eupelicini (sensu Zahniser &amp; Dietrich 2013, including Eupelicina and Paradorydiina) in a clade with Drakensbergenini, Stenometopiini and Evinus Dlabola, 1977, a genus most recently included in Macrostelini (Lu et al. 2011) . Eupelix Germar, 1821 was either sister to the remaining members of the clade or was sister to Drakensbergena Linnavuori, 1961 or to Drakensbergena + Evinus . The phylogenetic results of Cao et al. (2022) and the unique combination of morphological synapomorphies listed above suggest that these three tribes should be combined into a single tribe with Drakensbergenina, Paradorydiina, and Stenometopiina treated as subtribes of Eupelicini . Evinus is currently considered unplaced to subtribe within Eupelicini .</p><p>The generic concepts in Stenometopiina have been unstable over the past 60 years. Vilbaste (1965; followed by, e.g., Oman et al. 1990 and Zahniser &amp; Nielson 2012) recognized Doratulina Melichar, 1903 and numerous generic synonyms for most Old World species and Stirellus Osborn &amp; Ball, 1902 for most New World species, while Emeljanov (1962; followed by Day &amp; Fletcher 1994; Xing &amp; Li 2010; Duan et al. 2016, 2019) considered Stirellus in a much broader sense, including Doratulina and synonyms and most of the known species. Throughout the history of this group, Hodoedocus Jacobi, 1910 has consistently been considered a separate valid genus. However, the results of Cao et al. (2022) clearly show that it is nested well within an Old World clade of species. Therefore, Hodoedocus should be considered a synonym of either Stirellus or Doratulina, depending on the concept of the genera that is adopted. Alternatively, a more detailed analysis of this lineage, including representatives of the many genus-level taxa presently considered junior synonyms of Stirellus or Doratulina, may eventually justify revalidating some of these taxa based on external morphological characters (e.g., head structure, wing venation). The male genitalia of this group are unusual in being less variable among species than is the case in most other deltocephaline tribes. This was the main justification for synonymizing several genera previously recognized based on external morphology but with highly similar male genitalia. The taxon sampling of Cao et al. (2022) supports a monophyletic clade of New World species (4 spp. sampled) that includes the type species of Stirellus, and this clade is sister to a monophyletic clade of Old World species (13 spp. sampled). Further studies are needed to clarify the generic concepts.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cosmopolitan.</p><p>Included subtribes</p><p>Drakensbergenina stat. nov., Eupelicina, Paradorydiina, Stenometopiina stat. nov.</p><p>Newly included genus</p><p>Evinus Dlabola, 1977 (from Macrostelini), unplaced to subtribe.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF87F65B5273F90546C9B603	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF86F6585258F9DD46F2B3B6.text	ED034731FF86F6585258F9DD46F2B3B6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hecalini Distant 1908	<div><p>Tribe Hecalini Distant, 1908</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Medium sized to large, depressed, stramineous, green, or brown leafhoppers, sometimes with symmetrical orange or reddish markings, crown parabolically produced, pronotum with lateral margin as long as or longer than the basal width of the eye, ocelli closer to eyes than to laterofrontal sutures, apodemes of male sternite I long and relatively narrow, apodemes of male sternite II broad and well-developed, male pygofer often produced or pointed posterodorsally, segment X withdrawn into pygofer, aedeagus usually with one or two pairs of apical processes, first valvula dorsal sculpturing granulose to maculose and submarginal, often with distinctly delimited ventroapical sculpturing, second valvula usually arcuate and without teeth.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The analysis of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) recovered this group as previously defined (Hamilton 2000; Zahniser &amp; Dietrich 2013) as monophyletic with strong support, with the exception of the morphologically aberrant Oriental genus Hecalusina which grouped with Punctulina . Morphological characters not present in Hecalini but shared by Hecalusina and Punctulina include the elongate, divergent and capitate male 2S abdominal apodemes and the linear connective.</p><p>Similar to the study by Catanach &amp; Dietrich (2017), the results of the Cao et al. (2022) analysis show that the type genus, Hecalus Stål, 1864 is polyphyletic, with groups of species inhabiting different continents forming unrelated clades; thus, a revised species-level classification is needed.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cosmopolitan.</p><p>Included subtribes</p><p>Glossocratina, Hecalina .</p><p>Excluded genus</p><p>Hecalusina He, Zhang &amp; Webb, 2008 (to Vartini: Punctulina).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF86F6585258F9DD46F2B3B6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF85F6595272FC4B475DB1FC.text	ED034731FF85F6595272FC4B475DB1FC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limotettigini Baker 1915	<div><p>Tribe Limotettigini Baker, 1915</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Small to medium sized deltocephalines, usually with symmetrical dark markings, head wider than pronotum, crown not strongly produced, anteclypeus parallel-sided or tapered, male pygofer with spine-like process arising from the dorsal margin, dorsal connective well sclerotized and articulated between aedeagus and base of segment X.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The analyses of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) consistently supported the monophyly of this tribe as delimited by Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) but indicated that Arawa Knight, 1975, a genus previously included in Athysanini and known from New Zealand and Australia, is sister to the remaining Limotettigini . This genus has a relatively broad head, tapered anteclypeus, spinelike process arising from the dorsal margin of the male pygofer and sclerotized dorsal connective, as in other Limotettigini . Hence, Arawa is here transferred to this tribe.</p><p>Arahura Knight, 1975 is a New Zealand-endemic genus with three described species. Knight (1975) suggested that it is closely related to Arawa . It shares a sclerotized dorsal connective with other Limotettigini along with other similarities in the genitalia and external morphology and is transferred here to Limotettigini .</p><p>Alodeltocephalus Evans, 1966 is an Australian-endemic genus and was originally included in Deltocephalini (Evans 1966) . Knight (1975) redescribed the genus and placed it in Euscelini Van Duzee, 1917, providing re-descriptions and illustrations of two of the included species. Oman et al. (1990) listed the genus in tribe Deltocephalini, which was followed by Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013). Knight’s (1975) illustration shows the connective is Y-shaped with a short or long stem, articulated with the aedeagus, indicating that it does not belong in Deltocephalini . Although Alodeltocephalus lacks a dorsal spine on the male pygofer, its external morphology including head structure and shortened forewings, and the overall structure of the male genital capsule and genitalia resemble those of Arahura and some Arawa . The genus is, therefore, assigned to Limotettigini .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Australian, Nearctic, Oriental, Palearctic.</p><p>Newly included genera</p><p>Alodeltocephalus Evans, 1966 (from Deltocephalini); Arahura Knight, 1975 (from Athysanini); Arawa Knight, 1975 (from Athysanini).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF85F6595272FC4B475DB1FC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF84F6595265FD9C443BB613.text	ED034731FF84F6595265FD9C443BB613.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrostelini Kirkaldy 1906	<div><p>Tribe Macrostelini Kirkaldy, 1906</p><p>Macrostelini Kirkaldy, 1906: 342 .</p><p>Balcluthini Baker, 1915: 50 .</p><p>Gnathodini Baker, 1915: 50 .</p><p>Coryphaeini Emeljanov, 1962: 395, unavailable due to homonymy of the type genus.</p><p>Coryphaelini Nast, 1972: 490 .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Small to medium sized, slender, often stramineous, yellow, or greenish deltocephalines, usually with symmetrical dark markings, forewing with 2 anteapical cells, subgenital plate usually with membranous digitate apical lobe, male pygofer macrosetae sometimes plumose.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The analyses of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) consistently supported the monophyly of this tribe, as delimited by Knight &amp; Webb (1993) and Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) with three exceptions. Cortona Oman, 1938 grouped with Deltocephalini, corroborating the transfer of this genus to that tribe by Duan et al. (2017). Teyasteles Linnavuori, 1969 grouped with Paralimnini, which is consistent with its linear connective articulated to the aedeagus. Evinus grouped as sister to Drakensbergena in a larger clade comprising Drakensbergenini, Eupelicini and Stenometopiini . Thus, although these three genera resemble Macrostelini in having only two anteapical cells in the forewing, they share morphological synapomorphies with other tribes and are here excluded from Macrostelini .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cosmopolitan.</p><p>Excluded genera</p><p>Evinus Dlabola, 1977 (to Eupelicini, unplaced to subtribe); Teyasteles Linnavuori, 1969 (to Paralimnini: Paralimnina).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF84F6595265FD9C443BB613	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF84F647524AF9D546A3B4DC.text	ED034731FF84F647524AF9D546A3B4DC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Opsiini Emeljanov 1962	<div><p>Tribe Opsiini Emeljanov, 1962</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Stramineous, yellow, green, or brown deltocephalines, color pattern often including irregular brown spots or lines and larger round white spots bordered with brown, connective Y-shaped and articulated with aedeagus, aedeagus with two shafts or pair of distal branches, each bearing a separate gonopore.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Except for the diagnostic character of the divided aedeagus with two gonopores (also occurring in a few other genera of Deltocephalinae), Opsiini is heterogeneous morphologically. The analyses of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) support the monophyly of Opsiini including the subtribes Opsiina, Circuliferina and Eremophlepsiina (subtribe Achaeticina, endemic to Central Asia, was not included in the analysis but its inclusion in the tribe is not considered controversial), with the following exceptions. The Afrotropical genus Pseudobalbillus Jacobi, 1912, previously placed in Mukariini based on the depressed body and produced head with horizontal face, grouped with Opsiini; this genus has the aedeagus divided into two shafts, each bearing its own gonopore, as in Opsiini and in some species of Mukaria Distant, 1908 (which differ in having the aedeagus fused to the connective). Other aspects of the male genitalia of Pseudobalbillus are more similar to those of Opsiini including the distally attenuate and membranous subgenital plates and the lack of processes on the pygofer. Based on these similarities and its placement as sister to Opsiini in the analyses of Cao et al. (2022), Pseudobalbillus is here transferred from Mukariini to Opsiini .</p><p>Lampridius Distant, 1918, was previously placed in Opsiini based on its bifurcate aedeagus, and Paralampridius Dai et al., 2011 was included in Opsiini due to its close resemblance to Lampridius, despite the aedeagus having a single shaft and gonopore. The analysis of Cao et al. (2022) consistently placed Paralampridius as sister to Vartina within a larger clade comprising bamboo-specialist leafhoppers of the tribes Mukariini and Vartini . Lampridius and Paralampridius share with some Vartina a similar color pattern consisting of symmetrical orange spots or lines, male abdominal apodemes of segment II long, strongly divergent and flared apically (also shared with Punctulina), and the subgenital plates and valve fused. Lampridius and Paralampridius have the dorsal ground color white or pale bluish green in live specimens (bright green in both live and pinned specimens in other Vartina) and the head rounded (angulately produced in other Vartina). Lampridius and Paralampridius are here transferred to Vartina based on their shared characters with Vartina and their close relationship to this subtribe revealed in the recent molecular analyses.</p><p>Also placed in the bamboo-specialist clade by the analysis of Cao et al. (2022) was the Oriental genus Alishania Vilbaste, 1969, which has the aedeagal shaft divided distally and superficially resembling Circuliferina . This genus grouped with Neurotettix Matsumura, 1914, Abrus Dai &amp; Zhang, 2002, Branchana Li. 2024, Bambusana Anufriev, 1969 and Bambusananus Li &amp; Xing, 2024, all of which were previously included in Athysanini and are placed here in the newly described subtribe Bambusanina of Vartini (see below).</p><p>Vilbaste’s (1961) drawings of the aedeagus of Scenergates viridis (Vilbaste, 1961) clearly indicate that this genus has two aedeagal shafts, each with its own gonopore, thus justifying its transfer to Opsiini . The unusual body form is related to its behavior, unique among Cicadellidae, of forming galls on camelthorn, Alhagi maurorum Medik. ( Fabaceae) (Rakitov &amp; Appel 2012).</p><p>Nesophrosyne Kirkaldy, 1907 and Orosius Distant, 1918 were previously placed in subtribe Opsiina but were resolved well within a clade including the genera of Circuliferina Dixianus Ball, 1918, Lycioides Oman, 1949, and Neoaliturus Distant, 1918 . Circuliferina has been previously defined by having the mesal margin of the eye notched and a T-shaped aedeagus, with a single shaft arising from the base and paired gonopore-bearing branches diverging more apically (Emeljanov 1999; Zahniser &amp; Dietrich 2008; Dai et al. 2010; El-Sonbati et al. 2016; Du et al. 2019). It has apparently been overlooked that most, but not all, species of Orosius have the mesal margin of the eye notched like other Circuliferina, and two of four species of Nesophrosyne examined here have the mesal margin notched. Thus, this character partially supports placement of Orosius and Nesophrosyne in Circuliferina, and the molecular data strongly support this placement for both genera and they are therefore here transferred to Circuliferina . Paraorosius El-Sonbati &amp; Wilson, 2016, which is closely related to Orosius, is also transferred to Circuliferina .</p><p>Despite possessing paired aedeagal shafts, Nesophryne Kirkaldy, 1907 was placed in Athysanini by Oman et al. (1990), and this was followed by Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013). Nesophryne and Kirkaldiella</p><p>Osborn, 1935, both Hawaiian endemics, were stated to be related to Nesophrosyne, another Hawaiian endemic genus, and Orosius by Knight &amp; Webb (1988). On this basis and their shared biogeographic pattern, Nesophryne and Kirkaldiella are moved to Circuliferina along with Nesophrosyne and Orosius (see above).</p><p>The condition of the shafts of the aedeagus, whether separated at their base or forming a common shaft at the base, is apparently more variable than previously appreciated. Similarly, one of the key characters for defining Opsiini, that of the bifurcate aedeagus bearing two gonopores, displays homoplasy, occurring rarely in other distantly related tribes of Deltocephalinae including Acostemmini ( Alocoelidia Evans, 1954), Mukariini ( Mukaria), and Vartini ( Alishania and Lampridius).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cosmopolitan.</p><p>Included subtribes</p><p>Achaeticina, Circuliferina, Eremophlepsiina, Opsiina .</p><p>Newly included or transferred genera</p><p>Kirkaldiella Osborn, 1935 (to Circuliferina, from Opsiina) Nesophrosyne Kirkaldy, 1907 (to Circuliferina, from Opsiina); Nesophryne Kirkaldy, 1907 (to Circuliferina, from Athysanini); Orosius Distant, 1918 (to Circuliferina, from Opsiina); Paraorosius El-Sonbati &amp; Wilson, 2016 (to Circuliferina, from Opsiina); Pseudobalbillus Jacobi, 1912 (to Opsiini, unplaced to subtribe; from Mukariini); Scenergates Emeljanov, 1972 (to Opsiini, unplaced to subtribe; from Athysanini).</p><p>Excluded genera</p><p>Alishania Vilbaste, 1969 (to Vartini: Bambusanina); Lampridius Distant, 1918 (to Vartini: Vartina); Paralampridius Dai, Dietrich &amp; Zhang, 2011 (to Vartini: Vartina).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF84F647524AF9D546A3B4DC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF9AF6445271FB7C47FEB3EC.text	ED034731FF9AF6445271FB7C47FEB3EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paralimnini Distant 1908	<div><p>Tribe Paralimnini Distant, 1908</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Small to medium sized usually stramineous or brown leafhoppers with symmetrical markings; head with anteclypeus tapered or parallel-sided, lorum narrower than anteclypeus, connective with anterior arms closely appressed and articulated with aedeagus, female first valvula sculpturing imbricate, maculose or granulose.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Afrosus Linnavuori, 1959 was originally erected as a subgenus of Palus DeLong &amp; Sleesman, 1929 (Linnavuori 1959) (= Cosmotettix Ribaut, 1942) and included in tribe Deltocephalini, which then included taxa presently placed in Paralimnini . This taxon was elevated to status as a separate genus by Emeljanov (1966) who stated that it is closely related to Sorhoanus Ribaut, 1946 but Oman et al. (1990), followed by Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013), incorrectly included it in Deltocephalini . The original description and illustrations clearly indicate that the connective of Afrosus is loop-shaped, with convergent anterior arms, and is articulated to the aedeagus, features that clearly justify placing it in Paralimnini .</p><p>Teyasteles was originally placed in Macrostelini by Linnavuori (1969) based on the presence of only two anteapical cells in the forewing, but Webb &amp; Heller (1990) correctly pointed out that the form of the connective matches that found in Paralimnini and transferred it to that tribe. Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013), following Oman et al. (1990), incorrectly listed the genus in Macrostelini but the correct placement is Paralimnini, as confirmed by the phylogenetic results of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2).</p><p>Emeljanov (1964) originally described Cabrellus Emeljanov, 1964 as a subgenus of Sorhoanus but more recently Emeljanov (1999) elevated it to status as a separate genus. Both Oman et al. (1990) and Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) listed Cabrellus in Deltocephalini, but the characters and illustrations provided by Emeljanov (1964, 1999) clearly place the genus in Paralimnini as indicated by Emeljanov (1999).</p><p>Linnavuori (1960) placed Wakaya Linnavuori, 1960 in Deltocephalini but his original description and illustrations indicate that the connective is articulated to the aedeagus. Oman et al. (1990) listed the genus in Deltocephalini and this placement was followed by Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013). Webb &amp; Viraktamath (2009) listed two new combinations in this genus under Paralimnini, implicitly including the genus in this tribe. Based on the articulated connective with anterior arms appressed, this appears to be the correct tribal placement for the genus.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cosmopolitan.</p><p>Included subtribes</p><p>Aglenina, Paralimnina .</p><p>Newly or confirmed included genera in Paralimnina</p><p>Afrosus Linnavuori, 1959 (from Deltocephalini); Cabrellus Emeljanov, 1964 (from Deltocephalini); Cabrulus Oman, 1949 (from Deltocephalini); Teyasteles Linnavuori, 1969 (from Macrostelini); Wakaya Linnavuori, 1960 (from Deltocephalini).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF9AF6445271FB7C47FEB3EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF99F6425275FB8E4010B553.text	ED034731FF99F6425275FB8E4010B553.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pendarini Dmitriev 2009	<div><p>Tribe Pendarini Dmitriev, 2009</p><p>Fig. 3</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Medium sized to large ochraceous, yellowish, greenish, or brownish deltocephalines, sometimes with brown irrorate markings or ramose pigment lines, crown usually relatively short and broad, wider than pronotum, crown between eyes distinctly wider than eye, crown convex to nearly flat (not concave), crown texture sometimes completely or partly shagreen to base, anteclypeus parallel-sided or broadened distally. Nymph with crown-face transition carinate, face with medial longitudinal carina in upper part, acrometope with anterior margin tracing anterior carina of head, abdomen with 4–6 longitudinal rows of very short macrosetae, and pygofer lobes attenuate and parallel to each other.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This tribe was originally recognized based on the unique morphology of the nymphs, which have a carinate crown-face transition, a median longitudinal carina on the upper part of the face and elongate, tapered pygofer lobes, none of which are retained in the adult. The nymphs of most genera included in the tribe have not yet been studied, but several genera are here added to the tribe based on the phylogenomic results of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2). A well-resolved and supported clade was resolved that includes the genera previously placed in Pendarini and the genera Neophlepsius Linnavuori, 1955, Scaphoidula Osborn, 1923, Caphodus Oman, 1938, Andanus Linnavuori, 1959, Mesadorus Linnavuori, 1955, Doleranus Ball, 1936, Neomesus Linnavuori, 1959, and Egenus Oman, 1938. These genera are moved to Pendarini here. Linnavuori (1959) correctly asserted that Scaphoidula and Caphodus are closely related. Doleranus shares the completely shagreen texture of the crown with the related genera Chlorotettix Van Duzee, 1892, Copididonus Linnavuori, 1954, and Ileopeltus Cwikla, 1988 . Chlorotettix was polyphyletic in the Cao et al. (2022) analyses, but all sampled species were resolved within this group of genera plus Neomesus and Egenus .</p><p>Based on the shape of the head, brown reticulated and irrorate color pattern of the forewings, and similar male genitalia, Krameraxus Maldonado-Capriles, 1968 appears to be related to Paraphlepsius Baker, 1897, and it is here moved to Pendarini . Garapita Oman, 1938 shares with Caphodus reflexed veins originating from the outer anteapical cell of the forewing, the ovipositor relatively straight ventrally, the first valvula with strigate sculpturing, and second valvula with obliquely triangular and serrated teeth extending for ⅔ the length of the valvula; Garapita is therefore included in Pendarini here. Linnavuori (1959) and Linnavuori &amp; DeLong (1978) suggested that Serratus Linnavuori, 1959 and Mocolinna McKamey, 2003 (= Mocoa Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1978) are related to Copididonus, and on this basis they are included in Pendarini here. Cheng (1980) stated that his new genus Aplanatus Cheng, 1980 is related to Chlorotettix and it shares a color pattern similar to some Copididonus; it is therefore included in Pendarini here. Based on its high similarity to Mesadorus Linnavuori, 1955, Mimodorus Linnavuori, 1959 is included in Pendarini . Mimodorus and Mesadorus both have the crown distinctly convex and elevated above the pronotum and crown texture completely shagreen, which is also shared with Chlorotettix and related genera. They also possess a brown irrorate color pattern that is similar to Paraphlepsius and related genera. Linnavuori (1959) stated that Lojanus Linnavuori, 1959 is similar to Chlorotettix, and the genera share the completely shagreen texture of the crown. Mexicananus DeLong, 1944 is known only from the female and is placed in Pendarini here based on its color pattern which is very similar to that of Tropicanus DeLong, 1944 .</p><p>Bolotheta Kramer, 1963 and Neohegira Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1978 were consistently resolved as sister to each other in the analyses of Cao et al. (2022), and one analysis placed these genera as sister to the clade including Pendarini, but the subtending branch was short, did not receive maximum branch support, and was not consistently resolved among different analyses. These genera are currently considered incertae sedis in Deltocephalinae .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cosmopolitan.</p><p>Newly included genera (all from Athysanini except where noted)</p><p>Andanus Linnavuori, 1959; Aplanatus Cheng, 1980; Caphodus Oman, 1938 (from Scaphoideini); Doleranus Ball, 1936; Egenus Oman, 1938; Garapita Oman, 1938; Krameraxus Maldonado-Capriles, 1968; Lojanus Linnavuori, 1959; Mesadorus Linnavuori, 1955; Mexicananus DeLong, 1944; Mimodorus Linnavuori, 1959; Mocolinna McKamey, 2003; Neomesus Linnavuori, 1959; Neophlepsius Linnavuori, 1955 (from Scaphoideini); Scaphoidula Osborn, 1923 (from Scaphoideini); Serratus Linnavuori, 1959 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF99F6425275FB8E4010B553	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF9FF6435215FAEE4493B535.text	ED034731FF9FF6435215FAEE4493B535.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Penthimiini Kirschbaum 1868	<div><p>Tribe Penthimiini Kirschbaum, 1868</p><p>Penthimiini Kirschbaum, 1868: 14 .</p><p>Thaumastoscopidae Baker, 1923: 349.</p><p>Magnentiini Linnavuori, 1978: 34, syn. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Medium sized to large, squat, robust, often black or brown leafhoppers, often with ventral part of face and/or entire ventral side flattened and dorsal side convex, ocelli on crown and distant from eyes, antennal ledge strong, protibia dorsally flattened and bicarinate, forewing with appendix large and extending around the wing apex.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The analyses of Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) were inconsistent in the phylogenetic relationships of genera in this tribe but the increased taxon sampling and dataset of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) yielded a strongly supported clade that includes most of the sampled genera of Penthimiini . Magnentius Sing-Pruthi, 1930, the type genus of Magnentiini (also including Ndua Linnavuori, 1978) was found nested within that clade. Therefore, Magnentiini is considered a new synonym of Penthimiini here.</p><p>Many of the morphological characters that help to define Penthimiini appear to be associated with the dorsally dome-like and ventrally flattened shape of most included genera, which are prone to homoplasy and has resulted in some genera being placed to this tribe which are not closely related to true Penthimiini . This is the case for Perugrampta Kramer, 1965 and related Neotropical genera (Dietrich &amp; Rakitov 2002) and Citorus Stål, 1866 which were previously included in Penthimiini but have since been moved to other tribes. This is also the case for Eovulturnops, which grouped with Bahitini, and Jafar Kirkaldy, 1903 and Musosa Linnavuori, 1977, which grouped with Selenocephalini in the analyses of Cao et al. (2022).</p><p>The enigmatic Australian genus Euleimonios Kirkaldy, 1906 was resolved as sister to the Penthimiini clade in the analyses of Cao et al. (2022). It shares no obvious diagnostic morphological characters with Penthimiini and possesses inflated lora which partly or nearly entirely cover and obscure the anteclypeus, a unique character in Deltocephalinae . It also has the subgenital plates fused to each other and to the valve, which is unusual in the subfamily, and the anterior arms of the connective appressed to each other, as in Paralimnini . Its sister-group relationship to Penthimiini with strong branch support is remarkable, but it is connected by a relatively long branch, suggesting that it represents an evolutionary divergent lineage distinct from other Deltocephalinae . It is considered incertae sedis in Deltocephalinae here.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cosmopolitan.</p><p>Newly included genera</p><p>Magnentius Singh-Pruthi, 1930 (formerly Magnentiini); Ndua Linnavuori, 1978 (formerly Magnentiini).</p><p>Excluded genera</p><p>Eovulturnops Evans, 1947 (to Bahitini); Jafar Kirkaldy, 1903 (to Selenocephalini); Musosa Linnavuori, 1977 (to Selenocephalini).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF9FF6435215FAEE4493B535	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF9EF64F523AFACB47CAB5C2.text	ED034731FF9EF64F523AFACB47CAB5C2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Platymetopiini Haupt 1929	<div><p>Tribe Platymetopiini Haupt, 1929 reinstated</p><p>Fig. 4</p><p>Platymetopiini Haupt, 1929: 245 .</p><p>Mesamiini Oman, 1943: 16.</p><p>Colladonini Bliven, 1955: 1 .</p><p>Cerrillini Linnavuori, 1975: 49, syn. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Head with crown usually depressed, depressed either side of midline, or sometimes flat or not depressed, anterior margin of head usually at least slightly produced and angulate and usually with two pairs of black spots on margin and margin usually well-defined and crimped, anteclypeus constricted near base, forewing color pattern usually including numerous round white translucent spots, costal margin usually with extra crossveins basad of Rs fork, first hind tarsomere with four or fewer platellae in ventroapical row, male pygofer usually with ventral process, subgenital plates with macrosetae uniseriate, first valvulae with dorsal sculptured area consisting of well-delimited horizontal rows of concatenate sculpture basally and becoming more oblique toward apex, second valvulae with median dorsal cleft well delimited, distal blades usually with numerous close-set conical teeth.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Platymetopiini was treated as a valid tribe by Oman et al. (1990), as a subtribe of Athysanini by Dmitriev (2006), and as a synonym of Athysanini by Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013). It is here reinstated as a valid tribe. As here defined, this tribe corresponds to a large lineage of mostly endemic New World genera (except the Palearctic type genus) that was resolved by the analyses of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2). These genera were formerly included in Athysanini due to the Y-shaped connective articulated to the aedeagus and the absence of other distinctive morphological traits used to diagnose other deltocephaline tribes. Due to the substantial morphological diversity within this lineage, the above diagnosis does not entirely apply to all genera here included in the tribe.</p><p>Cerrillus Oman, 1938, the type genus of the monotypic Cerrillini Linnavuori, 1975, was derived within the clade of Platymetopiini, as defined here; Cerrillini is therefore considered a synonym of Platymetopiini . Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) considered Cerrillini a synonym of the broadly circumscribed Athysanini .</p><p>Brincadorus was removed from Bahitini, and along with Saltadorus Camisão et al., 2024, was considered incertae sedis by Camisão et al. (2024). They are included here in Platymetopiini based on the results of the analyses of Cao et al. (2022). Camisão et al. (2024) corrected the identifications of the taxa included in those analyses, i.e., “ Brincadorus laticeps Oman, 1938” of Cao et al. (2022) was corrected to B. cruceno Camisão et al., 2024 and “ Brincadorus n.sp. ” was corrected to Saltadorus dietrichi Camisão et al., 2024 . Linnavuori &amp; Heller (1961) described Mascoitanus Linnavuori &amp; Heller, 1961 as a subgenus of Brasilanus Linnavuori, 1959, but it differs from the type subgenus significantly in the more robust shape and numerous characters of the male genitalia. Mascoitanus stat. nov. is raised to generic status here. It is related to Brincadorus with which it shares a similar robust shape and yellowish color, metatarsomere I apex with three platellae, pygofer with a falcate process arising posterodorsally and directed inwardly, and a linear connective with anterior arms appressed, and to Saltadorus with which it shares a sclerotized gonoduct recurved and extending out of the atrium of the aedeagus. It differs from those genera in lacking numerous transverse carinae on the anterior margin of the head and crown (head is shagreen anteriorly in Mascoitanus but with granules transversely elongate, appearing to be a transitional state to the transversely carinate condition in Brincadorus) and has the subgenital plates fused to each other and to the valve. Brincadorus and Saltadorus also have an unusual but different modification of the subgenital plates. The only known species is M. lateralis (Linnavuori &amp; Heller, 1961) comb. nov., from Peru. One male specimen from Peru, Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza (USNM) was observed. The relationship of Brasilanus s. str. to other genera of Deltocephalinae is unclear, and it is considered here to be incertae sedis in Deltocephalinae .</p><p>Colladonus Ball, 1936 was included in Platymetopiina by Dmitriev (2006), and this and related genera were resolved within the Platymetopiini clade by the analyses of Cao et al. (2022). In addition to the genera of this group sampled in the analyses, Caladonus Oman, 1949, Floridonus Oman, 1949, Fridonus Oman, 1949, Nigridonus Oman, 1949, Nurenus Oman, 1949, Paracolladonus Nielson, 1988, and Paranurenus Nielson, 1988 have been suggested by previous authors to be closely related to Colladonus (Oman 1949; Nielson 1988) and are placed in Platymetopiini here. Ancudana DeLong &amp; Martinson, 1974, known from Chile, possesses an upturned pygofer spine originating from the posteroventral corner and the style apophysis apex short, sharp, and directed abruptly outward, characters shared with the Colladonus group, and it is therefore included in Platymetopiini here.</p><p>Brazosa Oman, 1938 and Zabrosa Oman, 1949 also grouped within the Platymetopiini clade recovered by Cao et al. (2022) and were resolved as sister to each other. Pinedo-Escatel &amp; Dietrich (2020) suggested that Goiattus Pinedo-Escatel, 2020, Napo Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1976, Pseudalaca Linnavuori, 1959, Pseudonapo Pinedo-Escatel &amp; Dietrich, 2020, and Spaltumtettix Pinedo-Escatel &amp; Dietrich, 2020 are related to Brazosa and Zabrosa . Of the former genera, only Napo was sampled by Cao et al. (2022) and was placed within the Platymetopiini clade, but in a position relatively distant from Brazosa and Zabrosa . The type species, N. brazosellus Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1976 did not group with “ Napo n.sp. ” suggesting that the latter specimen represents a separate genus. The genera discussed by Pinedo-Escatel &amp; Dietrich (2020) are included in Platymetopiini here, but further analysis is needed to clarify their relationships to each other and to other Platymetopiini . Dolyobius Linnavuori, 1959 and Paratanus Young, 1957 were resolved as sister to each other, and this clade was sister to the Brazosa / Zabrosa clade.</p><p>Oman’s (1949) placement of Norvellina Ball, 1931 and Aplanus Oman, 1949 near each other was supported by a close relationship between the two resolved by Cao et al. (2022). Nielson &amp; Haws (1992) noted characters shared between Aplanus and their newly described Aplanusiella Nielson &amp; Haws, 1992 .</p><p>A clade including the type genus of the tribe, Platymetopius Burmeister, 1838, was resolved by Cao et al. (2022) that also included Neocrassana Linnavuori, 1959, Eusora Oman, 1949, Norvellina, Aplanus, Mesamia Ball, 1907, Fitchana Oman, 1949, Bandara Ball, 1931, Comayagua Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1978, Bardana DeLong, 1980, Angulanus DeLong, 1946, Conversana DeLong, 1967, and Eusama Oman, 1949. Ball (1931) asserted that Bandara and Twiningia Ball, 1931 are closely related to Mesamia . Oman (1949) placed Omansobara Xing, 2017 (= Sobara Oman, 1949) and Twiningia close together with Mesamia and Fitchana on his chart of deltocephaline genera, suggesting a close relationship. These genera share the depressed and somewhat produced crown and the forewing with numerous extra costal veins with other typical Platymetopiini, and they appear to be the genera most closely related to Platymetopius .</p><p>Oman (1949) placed Danbara Oman, 1949 near Bandara and placed Cetexa Oman, 1949 near Eusama, suggesting close relationships, and DeLong (1967) stated that Danbara is related to Atanus Oman, 1938 and Conversana DeLong, 1967 . Therefore, Danbara and Cetexa are included in Platymetopiini here.</p><p>Two of the three described species of Cahya Linnavuori, 1959 were included in the analyses of Cao et al. (2022), including the type species, C. chapadensis (Baker, 1923), and C. variabilis (DeLong, 1945) . They were both included in the Platymetopiini clade but were not resolved as sister to each other. It appears that a new genus may be needed to accommodate C. variabilis and perhaps C. spinosa Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1979 .</p><p>In the analyses of Cao et al. (2022), Caranavia separata Linnavuori &amp; Heller, 1961 was resolved in the Platymetopiini clade, but “ Caranavia n.sp. ” was resolved in the Pendarini clade. Re-examination of the female DNA voucher of “ Caranavia n.sp. ” from Mexico indicates that, although it is similar to C. cruentata Linnavuori, 1959 in size, color and overall structure, the crown of the head is completely shagreen, suggesting that it belongs instead in Chlorotettix or a related genus, consistent with its placement on the phylogeny of Cao et al. (2022). Caranavia spp. have the crown smooth posteriorly. This genus is here included in Platymetopiini but comparison of C. separata to the type species, C. cruentata, is needed to confirm that these species belong together in the same genus.</p><p>Artucephalus DeLong, 1943, Dampfiana DeLong &amp; Hershberger, 1948, Deltorhynchus DeLong, 1943, Excavanus DeLong, 1946, Lajolla Linnavuori, 1959, Onura Oman, 1938, Sanuca DeLong, 1980, and Tenuisanus DeLong, 1944 share the depressed and produced crown and usually with numerous extra costal veins that are typical of many Platymetopiini . DeLong (1943a) stated that Artucephalus is related to Aligia . DeLong &amp; Hershberger (1948) stated that Dampfiana DeLong &amp; Hershberger, 1948 is probably related to Bandara and Stoneana DeLong, 1943 . DeLong (1943b, 1944) stated that Deltorynchus and Tenuisanus are related to Mesamia . DeLong (1946, 1980) stated that Excavanus and Sanuca are related to Acunasus DeLong, 1945 .</p><p>Latinocesa Koçak &amp; Kemal, 2010 appears to be related to Zabrosa based on the anteriorly-posteriorly compressed head and strongly convex pronotum. Nielson (1988) stated that Paracrassana Nielson, 1988 is closely related to Crassana DeLong &amp; Hershberger, 1947 .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Nearctic, Neotropical, Palearctic.</p><p>Newly included genera (all transferred from Athysanini, unless otherwise noted)</p><p>Acunasus DeLong, 1945; Aligia Ball, 1907; Alladanus DeLong &amp; Harlan, 1968; Ancudana DeLong &amp; Martinson, 1974 *; Angubahita DeLong, 1982; Angulanus DeLong, 1946; Aplanus Oman, 1949; Aplanusiella Nielson &amp; Haws, 1992 *; Artucephalus DeLong, 1943 *; Atanus Oman, 1938; Bandara Ball, 1931; Bardana DeLong, 1980; Benibahita Linnavuori, 1959; Bonneyana Oman, 1949; Brazosa Oman, 1938; Brincadorus Oman, 1938 (formerly incertae sedis); Cahya Linnavuori, 1959; Caladonus Oman, 1949 *; Caranavia Linnavuori, 1959; Cerrillus Oman, 1938; Cetexa Oman, 1949 *; Cocrassana Blocker &amp; Larsen, 1991; Colladonus Ball, 1936; Comayagua Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1978; Conversana DeLong, 1967; Costamia DeLong, 1946; Cozadanus DeLong &amp; Harlan, 1968; Crassana DeLong &amp; Hershberger, 1947; Dampfiana DeLong &amp; Hershberger, 1948 *; Danbara Oman, 1949 *; Deltorynchus DeLong, 1943 *; Dolyobius Linnavuori, 1959; Duocrassana Pinedo-Escatel, Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2016; Eusama Oman, 1949; Eusceloidia Osborn, 1923; Eusora Oman, 1949; Eutettix Van Duzee, 1892; Excavanus DeLong, 1946 *; Fitchana Oman, 1949; Floridonus Oman, 1949 *; Fridonus Oman, 1949 *; Goiattus Pinedo-Escatel, 2020 *; Idiodonus Ball, 1936; Jaacunga Nielson, 1988; Lajolla Linnavuori, 1959 *; Latinocesa Koçak &amp; Kemal, 2010 *; Mascoitanus Linnavuori &amp; Heller, 1961 stat. nov. *; Mesamia Ball, 1907; Napo Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1976; Neocrassana Linnavuori, 1959; Neodonus DeLong &amp; Hershberger, 1948; Nigridonus Oman, 1949 *; Norvellina Ball, 1931; Nurenus Oman, 1949 *; Ollarianus Ball, 1936; Omansobara Xing, 2017 *; Onura Oman, 1938*; Pachytettix Linnavuori, 1959; Paracolladonus Nielson, 1988 *; Paracrassana Nielson, 1988 *; Paraganus Linnavuori, 1955; Paranurenus Nielson, 1988 *; Paratanus Young, 1957; Platymetopius Burmeister, 1838; Pseudalaca Linnavuori, 1959 *; Pseudaligia Kramer &amp; DeLong, 1968; Pseudonapo Pinedo-Escatel &amp; Dietrich, 2020 *; Pseutettix DeLong, 1967; Renonus DeLong, 1959; Retusanus DeLong, 1945; Saltadorus Camisão, Zahniser, &amp; Takiya, 2024 (formerly incertae sedis); Sanuca DeLong, 1980 *; Spaltumtettix Pinedo-Escatel &amp; Dietrich, 2020 *; Spinulana DeLong, 1967; Stoneana DeLong, 1943; Tenuisanus DeLong, 1944 *; Twiningia Ball, 1931 *; Usanus DeLong, 1947; Zabrosa Oman, 1949</p><p>*These genera were not included in the analyses of Cao et al. (2022). Justification for their inclusion is given above. All other non-asterisked genera were included in those analyses and found within the Platymetopiini clade (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF9EF64F523AFACB47CAB5C2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF92F64C5272F99F4610B7F8.text	ED034731FF92F64C5272F99F4610B7F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scaphoideini sensu Zahniser & Dietrich 2013	<div><p>Tribe Scaphoideini Oman, 1943</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The expanded taxon sampling and larger data set in the analyses of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) showed that Scaphoideini sensu Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) is paraphyletic with respect to Phlepsiina and Drabescina, which were treated previously as separate tribes. The latter taxa were both resolved as monophyletic by Cao et al. (2022) with the exceptions that Phlepsanus Oman, 1949 should be transferred to Phlepsiina (from Athysanini) and Nirvanguina Zhang &amp; Webb, 1996 (previously placed in Paraboloponina Ishihara, 1953) should be placed to Scaphoideini (unplaced to subtribe). Some genera previously included in Scaphoideini (all restricted to the New World) are transferred to other tribes and some other genera are newly placed in it based on these results. The analyses revealed a complex pattern of relationships among Scaphoideini genera which are currently unplaced to subtribe and which form multiple monophyletic groups of genera and phylogenetic grades along the backbone. This pattern of relationships does not provide a convenient opportunity to define a monophyletic group to include these genera. Currently, we consider these genera to be unplaced to subtribe, and the nominotypical subtribe is considered, for now, to include only Scaphoideus Uhler, 1889 . More detailed analyses that include representatives of other genera and more species from large genera are needed to better understand the relationships within this lineage and to identify morphological characters that may define generic groupings. Given the size and morphological diversity of the tribe as here circumscribed, a diagnosis for the entire group is not given, but diagnoses are given below for the subtribes and for the grouping of Scaphoideina + unplaced genera, and they are included in the key to tribes and subtribes below.</p><p>Cao et al. (2022) included in their analyses the following genera which were resolved in this lineage and possess some of the diagnostic characters listed below in the diagnosis for Scaphoideina + unplaced genera. These genera are transferred to Scaphoideini (unplaced to subtribe) on the basis of this result, and they are: Aeternus Distant, 1918, Allotapes Emeljanov, 1964, Cyanidius Emeljanov, 1964, Knullana DeLong, 1941, Lineana Li &amp; Xing, 2024, Nirvanguina Zhang &amp; Webb, 1996, Pingellus Evans, 1966, and Poliona Emeljanov, 1972 .</p><p>The following genera, not included in the dataset of Cao et al. (2022) also possess characters listed in the diagnosis given below and are transferred to Scaphoideini (unplaced to subtribe): Aparaphysis Duan &amp; Zhang, 2013, Jakarellus Webb, 1980, Malasiella Evans, 1954, Moshkga Deeming &amp; Webb, 1982, Scaphetus Evans, 1966 . Scaphomonoides Li, 2011, Scaphytoceps Dlabola, 1957, Stenomisella Evans, 1954, and Stymphalella Evans, 1954 . Acacimenus Dlabola, 1979 shares a long and partly membranous subgenital plate apex with other Scaphoideini . An undescribed species of this genus from Zambia was represented in the phylogenetic analyses of Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) as “ Zambia 121”, and was consistently resolved in a clade with the scaphoideine genus Loipothea Linnavuori, 1968 and an undescribed species, “ Zambia 118” which belongs in or near Mavromoustaca Dlabola, 1967 . Neoreticulum Dai, 2009 is placed in Scaphoideini (unplaced to subtribe) based on its similarity to the scaphoideine genera Madhyabus Viraktamath et al., 2025 and Mavromoustaca .</p><p>The analyses of Cao et al. (2022) showed that some genera previously included in Scaphoideini should be placed to other tribes. These and related genera are listed below with their new placements.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cosmopolitan.</p><p>Included subtribes</p><p>Drabescina stat. nov., Phlepsiina stat. nov., Scaphoideina .</p><p>Newly included genera ( Scaphoideini, unplaced to subtribe; all from Athysanini except where noted)</p><p>Acacimenus Dlabola, 1979; Aeternus Distant, 1918; Allophleps Bergroth, 1920; Allotapes Emeljanov, 1964; Aparaphysis Duan &amp; Zhang 2013; Cyanidius Emeljanov, 1964; Jakarellus Webb, 1980; Knullana DeLong, 1941 (from Cicadulini); Lineana Li &amp; Xing, 2024; Malasiella Evans, 1954; Moshkga Deeming &amp; Webb, 1982; Neoreticulum Dai, 2009; Nirvanguina Zhang &amp; Webb, 1996 (from Paraboloponina); Pingellus Evans, 1966; Poliona Emeljanov, 1972; Scaphetus Evans, 1966; Scaphomonoides Li, 2011; and Scaphytoceps Dlabola, 1957; Stenomisella Evans, 1954; Stymphalella Evans, 1954 .</p><p>Excluded genera</p><p>Caphodus Oman, 1938 (to Pendarini); Neophlepsius Linnavuori, 1955 (to Pendarini); Penthigrampta Dietrich &amp; Rakitov, 2002 (to Scaphytopiini); Perugrampta Kramer, 1965 (to Scaphytopiini); Perugramptella Dietrich &amp; Rakitov, 2002 (to Scaphytopiini); Scaphoidula Osborn, 1923 (to Pendarini); Stenogrampta Dietrich &amp; Rakitov, 2002 (to Scaphytopiini).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF92F64C5272F99F4610B7F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF90F64D5226FE9247B7B68D.text	ED034731FF90F64D5226FE9247B7B68D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drabescina Ishihara 1953	<div><p>Subtribe Drabescina Ishihara, 1953 stat. nov.</p><p>Drabescina Ishihara, 1953: 6 .</p><p>Paraboloponini Ishihara, 1953: 5, syn. reinstated.</p><p>Bhatiini Linnavuori &amp; Al-Ne’Amy, 1983: 21 .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Medium to large sized, antennae elongate, usually situated near anterodorsal corners of eyes, antennal pits large and often encroaching onto frontoclypeus, anterior margin of the head usually with one to many transverse carinae or striations, male subgenital plates usually without macrosetae, nymph often with apical process on the head and male pygofer with pair of long apical appendages widely separated at the base.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) recognized separate subtribes Drabescina and Paraboloponina of Drabescini . However, the species of Drabescus Stål, 1872 included by Cao et al. (2022) were derived from within Paraboloponina, so we follow Dmitriev (2004) in treating these subtribes as synonyms here.</p><p>Omanellinus Zhang, 1999 was originally placed in tribe Paraboloponini of subfamily Selenocephalinae (Zhang et al. 1999) . Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) erroneously listed the genus in Selenocephalini: Selenocephalina . The original description and drawings of this monotypic Oriental genus indicate that it is nearly identical to Omanella Merino, 1936 ( Drabescina), differing from the two described species of that genus only in having the style apex digitiform rather than broadened and the apex of the connective process decurved rather than curved upward. These features are not sufficiently different from Omanella to warrant treating Omanellinus as a separate genus and the latter is here considered a junior synonym of Omanella . This results in the new combination Omanella populus (Zhang, 1999) comb. nov.</p><p>Based on the results of the analyses of Cao et al. (2022), Odzalana Linnavuori, 1969 is transferred to Selenocephalini (unplaced to subtribe) and Nirvanguina Zhang &amp; Webb is transferred to Scaphoideini (unplaced to subtribe).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Afrotropical, Australian, Oriental, Palearctic.</p><p>Confirmed included genera</p><p>Fistulatus Zhang, Zhang &amp; Chen, 1997, Omanella Merino 1936 (= Omanellinus Zhang 1999 syn. nov.).</p><p>Excluded genera</p><p>Odzalana Linnavuori, 1969 (to Selenocephalini, unplaced to subtribe); Nirvanguina Zhang &amp; Webb, 1996 (to Scaphoideini, unplaced to subtribe).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF90F64D5226FE9247B7B68D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF90F64A51F8F9234483B307.text	ED034731FF90F64A51F8F9234483B307.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phlepsiina Zahniser & Dietrich 2013	<div><p>Subtribe Phlepsiina Zahniser &amp; Dietrich 2013 stat. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Medium sized to large, robust, ivory to dark brown leafhoppers, often with brown irrorate markings on the forewing and body, head distinctly narrower than pronotum, antennal ledge carinate, lorum long and large, anteclypeus widening apically, pronotum lateral margin longer than half basal width of eye, profemur row AM sometimes with 1 or more setae basad of AM1, and nymph with short pygofer and with 6 rows of abdominal macrosetae.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The phylogenomic analyses of Cao et al. (2022) consistently placed all genera previously included in Phlepsiini in a single clade that was sister to the remaining Scaphoideini . The Nearctic genus Phlepsanus Oman, 1949 was previously placed in Athysanini but agrees with the tribal diagnosis of Phlepsiini and was nested in a clade comprising Texananus Ball, 1918 and Excultanus Oman, 1949 in the phylogeny of Cao et al. (2022); thus, Phlepsanus is here included in Phlepsiina . The recently described genus Brevivalvala Dai, Qu &amp; Yang, 2016 is the only representative of the subtribe known from the Oriental region. Further study is needed to clarify if it belongs in Phlepsiina . It possesses carinae at the anterior margin of the head and the subgenital plates lack macrosetae, suggesting it could be related to Drabescina .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Afrotropical, Nearctic, Oriental, Palearctic.</p><p>Newly included genus</p><p>Phlepsanus Oman, 1949.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF90F64A51F8F9234483B307	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF97F64A526CFCDA4627B601.text	ED034731FF97F64A526CFCDA4627B601.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scaphoideina Oman 1943	<div><p>Subtribe Scaphoideina Oman, 1943</p><p>Diagnosis (for Scaphoideina + genera unplaced to subtribe)</p><p>Medium sized (usually 4–7 mm), ivory, yellowish, ochraceous, or brown leafhoppers, often marked with orange, brown, or black on head, pronotum, or forewings, head narrower than pronotum and sometimes produced, frontoclypeus long and narrow, antennae long, body slender, head and wings often with brown, orange, ochraceous, or ivory markings, forewing with one or more darkly pigmented reflexed veins in vicinity of outer anteapical cell, profemur row AV setae absent or reduced (without stout setae), metatibia macrosetae in row PD long, as long as or longer than 0.5× length of protibia, male or female pygofer often with dense tufts of long fine or regular setae, subgenital plate apex membranous or long, digitate, and somewhat membranous or weakly sclerotized, subgenital plates with numerous long fine setae laterally and/or dorsally, male genitalia often with processes connected or articulated to base of aedeagus or apex of connective stem.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>For reasons explained above, only Scaphoideus is currently included in subtribe Scaphoideina . The other genera that were placed in Scaphoideini by Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) (with exception of the changes made above) are considered to be placed in Scaphoideini and unplaced to subtribe.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Afrotropical, Australian, Nearctic, Oriental, Palearctic.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF97F64A526CFCDA4627B601	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF97F64B527CF9D84644B4EB.text	ED034731FF97F64B527CF9D84644B4EB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tribe Scaphytopiini Oman 1943	<div><p>Tribe Scaphytopiini Oman, 1943</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Small to large deltocephalines usually brownish with symmetrical markings that may include paired spots, stripes and/or larger maculae, head usually produced and often strongly so, head width subequal to or less than that of pronotum, gena usually not or only weakly incised below eye (except Perugrampta - group) and often extended onto dorsum of head and visible behind eye, anteclypeus strongly expanded distally (except Perugramptella Dietrich &amp; Rakitov, 2002), forewing with reflexed costal veins often numerous, crossvein m-cu2 absent, appendix well developed sometimes extended around wing apex, male sternal apodemes weakly developed, connective Y-shaped with arms widely separated, stem often short or absent, first valvula with strigate dorsal sculpture, second valvulae with median dorsal cleft usually well-delimited, distal blades usually with numerous, close-set conical teeth.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) noted that Old World genera placed in this tribe by previous authors (Oman et al. 1990; Webb &amp; Godoy 1993) are only superficially similar to the endemic New World type genus. The analyses of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) grouped the type genus with some Neotropical genera placed in Athysanini or Scaphoideini by Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013). These genera are here transferred to Scaphytopiini based on the distinctly produced crown and/or broad gena extended onto the dorsal margin of the head behind the eye. The morphologically aberrant genus Idioceromimus Dietrich &amp; Rakitov, 2002 has the crown short and rounded to the face but has the gena very broad, as in Scaphytopius Ball, 1931 . Perugrampta and related Neotropical genera have the head strongly and angulately produced but have the gena emarginate below the eye. The unusual morphology of the nymph of Idioceromimus, with an unpaired dorsal process and pair of lateral processes on the head, is similar to that of Nesothamnus Linnavuori, 1959, also here included in Scaphytopiini . Both genera also share an unusual bright red color pattern (Dietrich &amp; Rakitov 2002). The ovipositor structure of the included genera is variable, but they all share similar strigate dorsal sculpture on the first valvula and the second valvulae are similar to those of other genera belonging to the large, mostly endemic New World clade that includes Bahitini, Pendarini, Platymetopiini and Scaphytopiini .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Nearctic, Neotropical.</p><p>Newly included genera</p><p>Idioceromimus Dietrich &amp; Rakitov, 2002 (from Athysanini); Nesothamnus Linnavuori, 1959 (from Athysanini); Penthigrampta Dietrich &amp; Rakitov, 2002 (from Scaphoideini); Perugrampta Kramer, 1965 (from Scaphoideini); Perugramptella Dietrich &amp; Rakitov, 2002 (from Scaphoideini); Stenogrampta Dietrich &amp; Rakitov, 2002 (from Scaphoideini).</p><p>Excluded genus</p><p>Aparaphysis Duan &amp; Zhang 2013 (to Scaphoideini).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF97F64B527CF9D84644B4EB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF96F6485260FA8447C9B441.text	ED034731FF96F6485260FA8447C9B441.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Selenocephalini Fieber 1872	<div><p>Tribe Selenocephalini Fieber, 1872</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Medium-sized to large deltocephalines, head with transverse carinae on crown-face transition ( Selenocephalina) or without carinae ( Bonaspeiina, Hypacostemmina), profemur row AV often with relatively long macrosetae in basal half, male anal tube large and well-sclerotized, connective with arms widely separated and stem short or absent, second valvulae relatively elongate and slender with dorsal teeth restricted to distal third or less.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The analysis of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) recovered a clade of mostly Afrotropical genera including Bonaspeiini, Hypacostemmini and Selenocephalini sensu Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) but also including several genera currently placed in other tribes including Athysanini, Drabescini, Penthimiini and Stegelytrini . Bonaspeiini as defined by Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) is paraphyletic, having given rise to Selenocephalini . Here we expand Selenocephalini to include subtribes Bonaspeiina and Hypacostemmina, the concepts of which remain the same as those of Zahniser &amp; Dietrich (2013) except for the transfer of Dagama Distant, 1910 (previously included in Athysanini) to Bonaspeiina . The Oriental genera Orientus DeLong, 1938, Sychentia Wei &amp; Webb, 2010, and Tambocerus Zhang &amp; Webb, 1996 are transferred to Selenocephalini based on the results of Cao et al. (2022) but remain unplaced to subtribe. Similarly, the Afrotropical genera Musosa and Jafar, previously included in Penthimiini, are also transferred to Selenocephalini (unplaced to subtribe) based on the recent phylogenomic results, as are Afrovarta Zahniser, 2013 (previously placed in Athysanini) and Odzalana (previously placed in Drabescini). All of these genera except Afrovarta . Sychentia and Orientus resemble Selenocephalina in having the crown-face transition transversely carinate. Sychentia has male genitalia that are typical of the crown-group Deltocephalinae (pygofer with basolateral cleft, valve triangular and articulating with pygofer laterally at a short point, connective Y-shaped, style broadly bilobed at base) which differ from the plesiomorphic states present in Stegelytrini, where it was previously placed.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Afrotropical, Nearctic ( Orientus ishidae Matsumura introduced), Oriental, Palearctic.</p><p>Included subtribes</p><p>Bonaspeiina stat. nov., Hypacostemmina stat. nov., Selenocephalina .</p><p>Newly included genera</p><p>Afrovarta Zahniser, 2013 (unplaced to subtribe; from Athysanini); Dagama Distant, 1910 (to Bonaspeiina; from Athysanini); Jafar Kirkaldy, 1903 (unplaced to subtribe; from Penthimiini); Musosa Linnavuori, 1977 (unplaced to subtribe; from Penthimiini); Odzalana Linnavuori, 1969 (unplaced to subtribe; previously Paraboloponina); Orientus DeLong, 1938 (unplaced to subtribe; from Athysanini); Sychentia Wei &amp; Webb, 2010 (unplaced to subtribe; from Stegelytrini); Tambocerus Zhang &amp; Webb, 1996 (unplaced to subtribe; from Athysanini).</p><p>Excluded genera</p><p>Omanellinus Zhang, 1999 (to Drabescini).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF96F6485260FA8447C9B441	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF95F649521AFB1F4176B392.text	ED034731FF95F649521AFB1F4176B392.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Selenocephalina Fieber 1872	<div><p>Subtribe Selenocephalina Fieber, 1872</p><p>Selenocephalina Fieber, 1872: 10 .</p><p>Ianeirini Linnavuori, 1978: 43, syn. nov.</p><p>Adamini Linnavuori &amp; Al-Ne’amy, 1983: 27, syn. nov.</p><p>Dwightiini Linnavuori &amp; Al-Ne’amy, 1983: 23 (invalid due to homonymy of type genus).</p><p>Dwightlini McKamey, 2003: 449, syn. nov.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Cao et al. (2022) resolved a monophyletic clade including Selenocephalina as delimited here. Dwightla McKamey, 2003, the only genus of the previously recognized subtribe Dwightlina of Selenocephalini, was derived from within a clade of other genera in Selenocephalina . Therefore, Dwightlina is here considered a new synonym of Selenocephalina . Ianeirina and Adamina are also synonymized with Selenocephalina based on the resolved positions of Abimwa Linnavuori, 1978 (previously Ianeirina) and Adama Dlabola, 1980 (previously Adamina) with respect to Selenocephalina . Along with Dwightla, they share with Selenocephalina the presence of transverse carinae on the anterior margin of the head. Two genera previously placed in Ianeirina, Ianeira Linnavuori, 1969 and Xugyrosus nom. nov., do not have carinae at the anterior margin of the head but are retained in Selenocephalina based on their apparent similarity to other genera previously placed in Ianeirina (see discussion in Xu &amp; Zhang 2023). Geelus Stiller, 2020, originally placed in Bonaspeiini, was resolved as sister the remaining Selenocephalina . Like Ianeira and Xugyrosus, Geelus does not possess carinae on the anterior margin of the head, but its relatively long and slender shape differs markedly from other Bonaspeiina and is similar to genera previously placed in Ianeirina (as discussed by Xu &amp; Zhang 2023). Based on these similarities and its phylogenetic placement, it is transferred here to Selenocephalina . Dlabola (1987) compared Thanomahia Dlabola, 1987 to Selenocephalus Germar, 1833 and the description shows that this genus belongs in Selenocephalina based on the carinae on the anterior margin of the head, the connective U-shaped with stem very short or absent, the pygofer dorsally incised to midlength, the pygofer side without macrosetae and dorsally produced to a declivous process, and segment X large and broadly sclerotized dorsally.</p><p>Xu &amp; Zhang (2023) described the genus and species Gyrosus deltodontus Xu &amp; Zhang, 2023 and placed it in Ianeirina . Gyrosus Xu &amp; Zhang, 2023 is preoccupied by Gyrosus Gray, 1862 ( Suidae; a synonym of Sus Linnaeus, 1758). We propose the replacement name Xugyrosus nom. nov., resulting in Xugyrosus deltodontus (Xu &amp; Zhang, 2023) comb. nov.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Afrotropical, Oriental, Palearctic.</p><p>Newly included genera</p><p>Abimwa Linnavuori, 1978 (formerly Selenocephalini: Ianeirina); Adama Dlabola, 1980 (formerly Selenocephalini: Adamina); Bardera Linnavuori &amp; Al-Ne’amy, 1983 (formerly Selenocephalini: Ianeirina); Dwightla McKamey, 2003 (formerly Selenocephalini: Dwightlina); Geelus Stiller, 2020 (formerly Bonaspeiini); Ianeira Linnavuori, 1969 (formerly Selenocephalini: Ianeirina); Kanziko Linnavuori &amp; Al-Ne’amy, 1983 (formerly Selenocephalini: Ianeirina); Thanomahia Dlabola, 1987 (from Athysanini); Xugyrosus nom. nov. (formerly Selenocephalini: Ianeirina).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF95F649521AFB1F4176B392	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF94F6495204FC2F4605B6EC.text	ED034731FF94F6495204FC2F4605B6EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vartini Zahniser & Dietrich 2013	<div><p>Tribe Vartini Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The analyses of Cao et al. (2022) (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2) consistently resolved a monophyletic group including the previous concepts of Vartini and Punctulini, along with several Indomalayan bamboo-feeding genera previously placed in Athysanini or Deltocephalini . This entire clade is treated as Vartini s. lat. here, with included subtribes Punctulina, Vartina, and the newly established subtribe Bambusanina subtribe nov. Loeia, previously included in Deltocephalini, was consistently resolved in this lineage but its position with respect to the three subtribes differed among analyses. In the tree presented here (Fig. 1; Supp. file 2), Loeia was resolved as sister to the other sampled Punctulina . Dietrich (2025) revised the genus and justified placing it Punctulini, and this placement is followed here, except as subtribe Punctulina of Vartini (see more discussion above, under Deltocephalini). Vartini was resolved as sister to Mukariini, another bamboo-feeding lineage from southeast Asia and Australasia. Vartini encompasses significant morphological diversity and a diagnosis of the entire group is not attempted here. Punctulina and Vartina share a similarly modified male 2S sternal apodeme. Some Bambusanina have enlarged 2S apodemes but not in the same shape and orientation as the other subtribes. More observations of these and related characters in Bambusanina and other Vartini will help to clarify their utility in diagnosing Vartini and its subtribes.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Afrotropical, Palearctic, Oriental.</p><p>Included subtribes</p><p>Bambusanina subtribe nov., Punctulina stat. nov., Vartina .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF94F6495204FC2F4605B6EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FF94F6775217F88D4010B545.text	ED034731FF94F6775217F88D4010B545.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bambusanina Zahniser & Dietrich & Cao & Dmitriev & Pinedo-Escatel 2026	<div><p>Subtribe Bambusanina subtribe nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C5644A9F-720E-45DA-A216-951416D7A496</p><p>Fig. 5</p><p>Type genus</p><p>Bambusana Anufriev, 1969 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Small to medium-sized cylindrical or wedge-shaped deltocephalines, color stramineous to brown, with extensive dark brown markings dorsally (rarely green without dark markings), forewing veins usually pale, bordered with brown, head with crown anterior margin broadly rounded to angulately produced, rounded to face, and without transverse carinae, crown between eyes less than 1.5× eye width, face in anterior view wider than tall and orientation oblique in profile, anteclypeus narrow basally and expanded distally, forewing macropterous and often with supernumerary crossveins and without reflexed costal veins basad of Rs origin, profemur with AM1 near midheight of anterior surface, male abdomen with 2s apodemes enlarged or not and if so usually parallel, not elongate and not divergent or capitate, male pygofer with profuse macrosetae and with one or more sclerotized ventral processes arising preapically and often extended mesad but not articulated with aedeagal atrium, subgenital plate much shorter than pygofer and lateral margins convex and usually with macrosetae scattered or in irregular sublateral rows, connective articulated to aedeagus and with anterior branches parallel or slightly divergent, style with apex usually enlarged and often modified with teeth or branches, membrane laterad of aedeagal atrium with basal or distal branches, ovipositor protruding well beyond pygofer apex, first valvulae dorsal sculpture granulose, areolate, or imbricate, reaching dorsal margin of valvula or with dorsal unsculptured dorsal band, second valvulae with distal teeth short and widely spaced, sometimes absent.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This subtribe is here established to include a group of bamboo-associated Oriental genera formerly placed in Athysanini or Opsiini that is sister to Vartina + Punctulina in the phylogenomic results of Cao et al. (2022). The dataset of Cao et al. (2022) included six genera that are here placed in the new tribe: Abrus, Alishania, Bambusana, Bambusananus, Branchana and Neurotettix). Although these genera lack the more distinctive characteristics of the latter two subtribes, they are similar in having the male pygofer, style and aedeagus often highly modified and in lacking elongate, capitate 2s apodemes.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Oriental.</p><p>Included genera</p><p>Abrus Dai &amp; Zhang, 2002; Alishania Vilbaste, 1969; Bambusana Anufriev, 1969; Bambusananus Li &amp; Xing, 2024; Branchana Li, 2024; Fuscmacula Yao, Zhang &amp; Xing 2021; Neurotettix Matsumura, 1914 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FF94F6775217F88D4010B545	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FFAAF6745144FAE44659B1A3.text	ED034731FFAAF6745144FAE44659B1A3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Punctulina Dai, Zahniser, Viraktamath & Webb 2017	<div><p>Subtribe Punctulina Dai, Zahniser, Viraktamath &amp; Webb, 2017 stat. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Small to medium-sized black or brownish to ochraceous leafhoppers, texture of dorsum including pronotum, mesonotum, forewings and head often punctate, anterior margin of head sometimes carinate, forewing sometimes with extra crossveins particularly in clavus, apodemes of male abdominal segment II long, divergent, and capitate, male pygofer with paired median sclerotized lobes articulated to sides of aedeagal atrium.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This subtribe was first described as separate tribe to include some morphologically peculiar genera from the Indomalayan and Oceanian regions (Dai et al. 2017). More recently, Dietrich et al. (2020) and Ramaiah et al. (2023) included two genera of more ‘normal looking’ Deltocephalinae based on the presence of some unusual traits shared with Punctulina including elongate, capitate male 2S abdominal apodemes. The analysis of Cao et al. (2022) supported this broader concept of Punctulina and suggested that Hecalusina (previously placed in Hecalini) belongs to this lineage; it is here transferred to this subtribe. The analysis of Cao et al. (2022) grouped Punctulina together in a clade comprising two tribes of leafhoppers that are associated with bamboo, Mukariini and Vartini .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Oriental.</p><p>Newly included genera</p><p>Hecalusina He, Zhang &amp; Webb, 2008 (from Hecalini).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FFAAF6745144FAE44659B1A3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FFA9F674523EFE7C4010B4E1.text	ED034731FFA9F674523EFE7C4010B4E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vartina Zahniser & Dietrich 2013	<div><p>Subtribe Vartina Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Medium sized to large, somewhat elongate, usually greenish or bluish leafhoppers, usually with red or orange longitudinal stripes and/or spots, head produced and usually sharply pointed, gena usually visible behind the eye in dorsal view, frontoclypeus elongate, lorum distant from genal margin, profemur intercalary row setae thick and extending to or beyond middle of profemur, forewings truncate apically, apodemes of male sternite II long, subrectangular, capitate, and directed posterolaterally, connective with anterior arms appressed, and male segment X tube-like, protruding from pygofer, and often well-sclerotized.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Paralampridius Dai et al., 2011 was resolved as sister to a clade of genera in Vartina in the analyses of Cao et al. (2022). With other Vartina, Lampridius and Paralampridius share bright orange markings on the dorsum, subgenital plates fused to each other and to valve (present in some Vartina), and apodemes of sternite II long, flared apically, and directed posterolaterally. Lampridius has a bifurcate aedeagus, with two shafts, which influenced previous authors to erroneously place it in Opsiini .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Afrotropical, Oriental.</p><p>Newly included genera</p><p>Lampridius Distant, 1918 (from Opsiini); Paralampridius Dai, Dietrich &amp; Zhang, 2011 (from Opsiini).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FFA9F674523EFE7C4010B4E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
ED034731FFA9F67C524AFABE4010B4AD.text	ED034731FFA9F67C524AFABE4010B4AD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deltocephalinae Fieber 1869	<div><p>Deltocephalinae incertae sedis</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Fifty-one genera, most of them previously placed in Athysanini, could not confidently be placed to tribe because they were not sampled in the phylogenomic analyses of Cao et al. (2022), could not be closely associated with other genera that were sampled, or were sampled but their resolved phylogenetic position currently does not allow straightforward placement to a tribe described above. These genera are currently considered of uncertain placement to tribe in Deltocephalinae . The genera that were included in the Cao et al. (2022) analyses and considered incertae sedis here are discussed above under tribal treatments except for Loralia Evans, 1966 . This Australian-endemic genus was resolved as sister to Occinirvana Evans, 1942, the only genus currently included in Occinirvanini and also endemic to Australia. Occinirvana exhibits extremely modified morphology, including an elongated head with foliaceous anterior margin, concave face, long antennae, and ocelli located on the crown. Loralia does not share any of these or other known distinctive characters and including it in Occinirvanini would thus render that tribe impossible to diagnose morphologically based on current knowledge. The branches separating these two sister taxa on the molecular phylogenies (Cao et al. 2022) are also long, indicating considerable genetic divergence matching their morphological disparities. For now, we prefer to consider Loralia as incertae sedis within Deltocephalinae pending further phylogenetic study of the endemic Australian fauna that incorporates other rarely-collected Australian-endemic genera (e.g., Occiplanocephalus Evans, 1942).</p><p>Newly considered incertae sedis in Deltocephalinae</p><p>Anaemotettix Korolevskaya, 1980; Antoniellus Linnavuori, 1959; Argyrilla Emeljanov, 1972; Aricanus Linnavuori, 1959; Asiotoxum Emeljanov, 1964; Asthenotettix Korolevskaya, 1980; Baroma Oman, 1938; Bolotheta Kramer, 1963; Brachylope Emeljanov, 1962; Brachypterona Lindberg, 1954; Brasilanus Linnavuori, 1959; Carelmapu Linnavuori, 1959; Chaparea Linnavuori, 1959; Chimaerotettix Dietrich &amp; Rakitov, 2002; Concepciona Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1977; Conoscelis Abdul-Nour, 1988; Consepusa Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1977; Cyclevertex Li &amp; Xing, 2024; Desertana DeLong &amp; Martinson, 1973; Divitiacus Distant, 1918; Dlabolaracus Remane, 1961; Ephelodes Emeljanov, 1972; Euleimonios Kirkaldy, 1906; Gunawardenea Fletcher &amp; Moir, 2008; Hamulotettix Dai &amp; Zhang, 2011; Houtbayana Linnavuori, 1961; Huancabamba Linnavuori, 1959; Inghamia Evans, 1966; Laminacutus Abdul-Nour, 2002; Lamprotettix Ribaut, 1952; Lascumbresa Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1979; Laylatina Abdul-Nour, 1988; Loralia Evans, 1966; Melillaia Linnavuori, 1971; Nakaharanus Ishihara, 1953; Neohegira Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1978; Occiplanocephalus Evans, 1942; Okaundua Linnavuori, 1968; Ophionotum Emeljanov, 1964; Oxytettigella Metcalf, 1952; Phlepsobahita Linnavuori, 1959; Phycotettix Haupt, 1929; Pygotettix Matsumura, 1940; Rinconada Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1977; Selachina Emeljanov, 1962; Sincholata DeLong, 1982; Stenometohardya Dlabola, 1981; Streptopyx Linnavuori, 1958; Tapetia Emeljanov, 1964; Tingolix Linnavuori &amp; DeLong, 1978; Yungasia Linnavuori, 1959 .</p><p>Key to tribes of Deltocephalinae</p><p>1. Connective T-shaped, bar-shaped, or platelike or, if Y-shaped, with arms forming broadly obtuse angle; style more or less linear, not broadly bilobed at base ............................................................ 2</p><p>– Connective with anterior arms well-delimited, somewhat or not at all divergent; connective Y- or U-shaped or ‘linear’ with anterior arms closely appressed; style broadly bilobed at base ............... 6</p><p>2. Head much narrower than pronotum; profemur row AM with numerous preapical macrosetae; metatibia dorsal surface with supernumerary macrosetae between rows PD and AD, especially basally; pro- and mesotibia row PD and often row AD with numerous (&gt; 6) macrosetae; forewing appendix often large, extending around apex; Oriental, Palearctic ............ Stegelytrini Baker, 1915</p><p>– Head slightly narrower to wider than pronotum; profemur row AM with not more than 2 preapical macrosetae; metatibia dorsal surface without supernumerary macrosetae; pro- and mesotibia with &lt;6 macrosetae; forewing appendix reduced or absent ..................................................................... 3</p><p>3. Anterior margin of head usually with a single distinct transverse carina between ocelli; epistomal suture keeled or evident from change in texture on frontoclypeus; subgenital plates completely or partially fused to each other and/or to valve (if completely articulated then pronotum produced dorsally, with longitudinal crest, Ikelibeloha Zahniser &amp; Nielson, 2012); Madagascar .................... ........................................................................................................ Acostemmini Evans, 1972 (part)</p><p>– Anterior margin of head shagreen, glabrous, or with several irregular striae or carinae, without single distinct carina between ocelli; epistomal suture not keeled; subgenital plates not fused, articulated with valve .......................................................................................................................................... 4</p><p>4. Forewing acuminate apically; head narrower than pronotum (exception: Cariancha Oman, 1938); connective bar-shaped or plate-like, without well-defined stem; Nearctic, Neotropical .................... ................................................................................................................... Acinopterini Oman, 1943</p><p>– Forewing rounded apically; head as wide as or wider than pronotum; connective with well-developed anterior arms and posterior stem ....................................................................................................... 5</p><p>5. Connective with median, darkly sclerotized Y- or T-shaped ridge following stem and arms of connective; forewing central anteapical cell not strongly constricted medially; female pregenital sternite VIII not concealed or folded beneath sternite VII, movably articulated with sternite VII; Nearctic ( Fieberiella florii (Stål, 1864) introduced in North America), Palearctic ............................ .................................................................................................................. Fieberiellini Wagner, 1951</p><p>– Connective evenly sclerotized throughout; forewing central anteapical cell constricted medially; female pregenital sternite VIII folded beneath and concealed by sternite VII, sternites not articulated with each other; Neotropical .................................................................. Luheriini Linnavuori, 1959</p><p>6. Subgenital plates fused to each other; valve straplike, fused to pygofer laterally or not visible as a separate structure (fused to plates); connective fused with aedeagus ............................................... 7</p><p>– Subgenital plates usually free (exceptions include some Vartina, some Deltocephalini: Miradeltaphus Dash &amp; Viraktamath, 1995 and Yuanamia); valve usually present, articulated with pygofer laterally and usually articulated with subgenital plates; connective articulated with or fused to aedeagus ... 8</p><p>7. Anterior margin of head with a distinct transverse carina between ocelli; forewings tectiform, not overlapping at rest; forewing appendix reduced or absent; valve strap-like, fused to pygofer laterally; Afrotropical (especially Madagascar), Oriental (India) ................. Acostemmini Evans, 1972 (part)</p><p>– Anterior margin of head without transverse carina; forewings, if macropterous, with apices overlapping at rest and appendix extending around wing apex; valve fused to subgenital plates; Afrotropical, Australian, Oriental, Palearctic ...................................... Goniagnathini Wagner, 1951</p><p>8. Head strongly produced, conical or spatulate; gena acutely incised laterally below eye; profemur intercalary row absent or with few scattered setae; metafemur macrosetal formula 2+0 or 2+1; metatarsomere I shorter than metatarsomeres II and III combined, expanded apically; metatibia straight through most of length and distinctly bent distally in dorsal view ...................................... 9</p><p>– Without above combination of characters; head produced or not; gena obtusely incised or not incised laterally below eye; profemur intercalary row more or less well-delimited and with several to many long fine setae; metafemur macrosetal formula usually 2+2+1; metatarsomere I longer than metatarsomeres II and III combined, usually not expanded apically; metatibia arcuate throughout its length in dorsal view ....................................................................................................................... 15</p><p>9. Aedeagus movably hinged between base and shaft; connective with anterior arms closely appressed; first valvula dorsal sculpturing maculose to granulose, submarginal; second valvula teeth obtusely triangular, serrate, uniformly shaped; Afrotropical, Australian, Oriental, Palearctic ......................... Chiasmini Distant, 1908 (part, Listrophora Boulard, 1971 and some Chiasmus Mulsant &amp; Rey, 1855)</p><p>– Aedeagus not hinged; connective with anterior arms separate (Y-shaped); first valvula dorsal sculpturing pattern variable; second valvula teeth absent or shape variable if present .................. 10</p><p>10. Ocelli on crown ................................................................................................................................11</p><p>– Ocelli on anterior margin of head or absent ................................................................................... 12</p><p>11. Macropterous; crown encroaching onto eyes; frontoclypeus with median longitudinal carina; Palearctic .............................................................................. Eupelicini: Eupelicina Sahlberg, 1871</p><p>– Brachypterous; crown not encroaching onto eyes; frontoclypeus and anteclypeus tumid, without longitudinal carina; Afrotropical (South Africa, Lesotho) .................................................................. ............................................................................. Eupelicini: Drakensbergenina Linnavuori, 1979</p><p>12. Macropterous; forewing slender and acuminate, appendix reduced or absent; hindwing submarginal vein evanescent apically; valve fused to pygofer; male pygofer without basolateral cleft; style base connected or articulated with apical part only laterally; Afrotropical, Australian, Oriental, Palearctic ............................................................................ Eupelicini: Paradorydiina Evans, 1936</p><p>– Brachypterous, or if macropterous, forewing appendix present and hindwing submarginal vein complete; valve articulated to pygofer; male pygofer with basolateral cleft; style base broadly fused with apical part ............................................................................................................................... 13</p><p>13. Forewing with veins A1 and A2 separate throughout their length; first valvula without well-delimited ventroapical sculptured area; second valvula with distinct teeth; Palearctic ...................................... ................................................................................................................ Dorycephalini Oman, 1943</p><p>– Forewing brachypterous (veins A1 and A2 absent) or if macropterous or submacropterous, veins A1 and A2 fused subapically; first valvula with well-delimited ventroapical sculptured area; second valvula without teeth ....................................................................................................................... 14</p><p>14. Aedeagus with terminal processes; first and second valvulae humpbacked dorsally; Nearctic .......... ................. Hecalini Distant, 1908 (part, Attenuipyga Oman, 1949, Neoslossonia Van Duzee, 1909)</p><p>– Aedeagus without terminal processes; first and second valvulae not humpbacked dorsally; Neotropical (Argentina) ..... Faltalini Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2010 (part, Dietrichana Zahniser, 2021)</p><p>15. Aedeagus bifurcate, with two gonopores ........................................................................................ 16</p><p>– Aedeagus not bifurcate, with single gonopore ............................................................................... 19</p><p>16. Subgenital plates fused throughout their length; Oriental ................................................................... ......................................................... Vartini: Vartina Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013 (part, Lampridius)</p><p>– Subgenital plates fused only at base or not at all fused .................................................................. 17</p><p>17. Subgenital plates fused at base and with distinct lateral lobate appendages; Oriental ........................ ....................................................................... Vartini: Bambusanina subtribe nov. (part, Alishania)</p><p>– Subgenital plates not fused at base and without lateral lobate appendages .................................... 18</p><p>18. Connective fused to aedeagus; Oriental .................. Mukariini Distant, 1908 (part, some Mukaria)</p><p>– Connective articulated with aedeagus; Cosmopolitan ................................ Opsiini Emeljanov, 1962</p><p>19. Robust and squat, dorsally rounded, ventrally flattened leafhoppers; ocelli on crown (rarely on anterior margin or crown not delimited) and distant from eyes; frontoclypeus sometimes inflated anteriorly, texture glabrous or finely shagreen; antennal ledge strong, forming distinct ledge, sometimes continuous with anterior margin of head; protibia dorsal side flat, margins carinate; forewing appendix large, extending around wing apex; Cosmopolitan ........... Penthimiini Kirschbaum, 1868</p><p>– Without the above combination of characters ................................................................................ 20</p><p>20. Small ovoid or elongated, ventrally flattened leafhoppers; head slightly to strongly produced; face flattened or frontoclypeus inflated medially or anteriorly, horizontal in lateral view; ocelli on anterior margin of head or just above margin, often distant from eye; antennal bases near anterodorsal (upper) corners of eyes; profemur row AV setae absent; outer anteapical cell often confluent with or nearly touching costal vein; inner apical cell often stalked at base; Oriental, feeding on bamboo ............... ........................................................................................................... Mukariini Distant, 1908 (part)</p><p>– Without above combination of characters ...................................................................................... 21</p><p>21. Apodemes of male abdominal sternite II long, slender, directed posterolaterally, capitate or flared apically; male pygofer usually with sclerotized medial lobe articulated to atrium of aedeagus; associated with bamboo .................................................................................................................. 22</p><p>– Apodemes of male abdominal sternite II not well developed, or if so, then not long, slender, directed posterolaterally, and capitate or flared apically; male pygofer without sclerotized medial lobe articulated to atrium of aedeagus; usually not associated with bamboo ......................................... 23</p><p>22. Medium to large greenish or bluish leafhoppers with red or orange longitudinal stripes or spots; crown produced, pointed; gena not incised laterally below eye, visible behind the eye in dorsal view; frontoclypeus elongate; lorum distant from genal margin; profemur intercalary row setae thick and extending to or basad of middle of profemur; forewing macropterous, truncate apically; connective with anterior arms closely appressed; male segment X tube-like, extended well posterad of pygofer, often well-sclerotized; Afrotropical, Oriental ............... Vartini: Vartina Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013</p><p>– Small to medium-sized black or brownish to ochraceous leafhoppers without bright red or orange maculae; texture of dorsum, including pronotum, mesonotum, forewings and head often punctate; anterior margin of head sometimes carinate; forewing sometimes with extra crossveins, particularly in clavus; Oriental .......................... Vartini: Punctulina Dai, Zahniser, Viraktamath &amp; Webb, 2017</p><p>23. Small to large deltocephalines usually brownish with symmetrical markings that may include paired spots, stripes and/or larger maculae; head usually produced, often strongly so, width subequal to or less than that of pronotum; gena usually not or only weakly incised below eye (except Perugrampta - group), often extended onto dorsum of head and visible behind eye; anteclypeus strongly expanded distally (except Perugramptella); forewing usually with reflexed costal veins, often numerous, crossvein m-cu2 absent, appendix well developed sometimes extended around wing apex; connective Y-shaped with arms widely separated, stem often short or absent; Nearctic, Neotropical ................. ................................................................................................................. Scaphytopiini Oman, 1943</p><p>– Without the above combination of characters ................................................................................ 24</p><p>24. Crown and face strongly rugose; body length greater than 7 mm; Neotropical .................................. ............................................................................................................. Arrugadini Linnavuori, 1965</p><p>– Crown and face shagreen, glabrous, or striate, not rugose, or if rugose then body less than 7 mm in length .............................................................................................................................................. 25</p><p>25. Connective Y-shaped and fused to aedeagus; male pygofer with one or more pairs of teeth, spines, or processes; pygofer side excavated medially, scoop-like; male segment X long, sclerotized laterally, sometimes sclerotized ventrally and/or dorsally; second valvulae with a median dorsal tooth; Nearctic (western North America) .................................................. Athysanini: Cochlorhinina Oman, 1943</p><p>– Connective shape variable, but not Y-shaped and fused to aedeagus; male pygofer with or without processes; pygofer side variable, usually not distinctly excavated; male segment X variable; second valvulae usually without dorsal tooth on shaft ............................................................................... 26</p><p>26. Metatarsomere I with platellae on plantar surface; ocelli distant from eyes, at least 4× own diameter from adjacent eye; anteclypeus slender, elongate, tapered, produced apically and extended well beyond lower margin of gena ......................................................................................................... 27</p><p>– Metatarsomere I without platellae on plantar surface; ocelli usually close to eyes (exceptions: some Chiasmini and Faltalini); anteclypeus truncate with apex not or only slightly produced beyond lower margin of gena ................................................................................................................................ 29</p><p>27. Head not produced anteriorly; crown rounded to face or anterior margin of head carinate, not foliaceous; Oriental, Nearctic, Palearctic ( Grypotes puncticollis introduced to northeastern North America) ........................ Athysanini: Koebeliina Baker, 1897 (part, Grypotes Fieber, 1866 group)</p><p>– Head strongly produced, foliaceous anteriorly ............................................................................... 28</p><p>28. Ocelli on face; antennae shorter than head width; forewing veins pustulate, appendix absent; Nearctic (western North America) .......... Athysanini: Koebeliina Baker, 1897 (part, Koebelia Baker, 1897)</p><p>– Ocelli on crown; antennae longer than head width; forewing veins not pustulate, appendix present; Australian (Western Australia) ................................................................ Occinirvanini Evans, 1966</p><p>29. Anteclypeus parallel-sided or tapering toward apex; connective with distinct stem, with anterior arms closely appressed or sometimes separate anteriorly, articulated with aedeagus; aedeagus often hinged at base; ovipositor usually protruding far beyond pygofer apex; first valvula with dorsal sculpturing maculose to granulose, with distinct unsculptured band on dorsal margin, without distinct ventroapical sculptured area; second valvula with obtusely triangular and serrated teeth; Cosmopolitan .................................................................................... Chiasmini Distant, 1908 (part)</p><p>– Without the above combination of characters ................................................................................ 30</p><p>30. Crown narrow, width between eyes less than or equal to median width of eye; crown completely shagreen to base; anteclypeus usually extending beyond normal curve of gena; pronotum lateral margin without carina; male pygofer declivous, directed posteroventrally, with few macrosetae, basolateral cleft absent or not membranous; Cosmopolitan ............................................................... ........................................................................................... Eupelicini: Stenometopiina Baker, 1923</p><p>– Without the above combination of characters ................................................................................ 31</p><p>31. Dorsoventrally depressed or flattened leafhoppers; head strongly or sometimes weakly produced, median length usually at least 2× length next to eye; crown broad, more or less parabolically shaped; crown to face transition acutely angled; anterior margin sometimes foliaceous; face lying slightly obliquely to horizontal plane; lateral margin of pronotum long, nearly as long or longer than least width of eye; first valvula dorsal sculpturing maculose to granulose, distinctly submarginal, with unsculptured band on dorsal margin (except Glossocratus Fieber, 1866); second valvula without dorsal teeth (except Glossocratus) .................................................................................................. 32</p><p>– Not dorsoventrally depressed or flattened; head not strongly produced; crown broad or not, rarely parabolically shaped; crown to face transition less acute; face usually lying in a more upright plane; lateral margin of pronotum usually shorter than least width of eye; first valvula dorsal sculpturing variable; second valvula with dorsal teeth ...................................................................................... 33</p><p>32. Ocelli close to eyes, closer to eyes than lateral frontal sutures; male apodemes of abdominal sternite I long, narrow, as long as apodemes of sternite II; male apodemes of abdominal sternite II large, spatulate; first and second valvulae humpbacked dorsally (except Glossocratus); second valvula concave ventrally (except Glossocratus); Cosmopolitan ..................... Hecalini Distant, 1908 (part)</p><p>– Ocelli relatively distant from eyes, usually 3–4 × their diameter from eye or more (except some Faltala Oman, 1938 and Bonamus Oman, 1938), sometimes absent or obscure; male apodemes of abdominal sternite I and II short or undeveloped; first and second valvulae not strongly humpbacked dorsally; second valvula not concave ventrally; Nearctic, Neotropical .............................................. .......................................................................................... Faltalini Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2010 (part)</p><p>33. Anteclypeus parallel-sided or tapering apically; lorum relatively small, well-separated from genal margin; connective with anterior arms closely appressed anteriorly, linear, triangular, or racketshaped ............................................................................................................................................. 34</p><p>– Anteclypeus shape variable, but often widening toward apex; lorum usually relatively larger; connective with anterior arms usually well-separated, Y- or U-shaped .......................................... 37</p><p>34. Connective fused to aedeagus ......................................................................................................... 35</p><p>– Connective usually articulated with aedeagus (exceptions: Cabrulus; some Flexamia spp.) ........ 36</p><p>35. Body elongate, somewhat depressed; anterior margin of head with transverse carinae; first valvula dorsal sculpturing pattern maculose to granulose and distinctly submarginal, with distinctly delimited ventroapical sculptured area; second valvula without dorsal teeth; ovipositor protruding far beyond pygofer apex; Nearctic (Mexico), Neotropical ................................................................................... .......................................... Faltalini Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2010 (part, Tenucephalus DeLong, 1944)</p><p>– Body not elongate or depressed; crown rounded to face, anterior margin shagreen; first valvula sculpturing pattern imbricate, scale-like, and reaching dorsal margin, without distinct apicoventral sculptured area; second valvula with irregular teeth; ovipositor not protruding far beyond pygofer; Cosmopolitan ......................................................................................... Deltocephalini Fieber, 1869</p><p>36. Subgenital plates fused with valve, apex of plate with sharply pointed process; connective articulated posteriorly with a pair of long processes; female sternite VII ovate, sometimes elongate; Afrotropical, Palearctic ............................................................................................... Tetartostylini Wagner, 1951</p><p>– Subgenital plates articulated with valve, apices usually not produced into sharply pointed processes; processes of connective present or absent; female sternite VII not ovate or elongate; Cosmopolitan .................................................................................................................. Paralimnini Distant, 1908</p><p>37. Macropterous, forewing with 2 anteapical cells; usually small, slender leafhoppers; male segment X not sclerotized; Cosmopolitan .............................................................. Macrostelini Kirkaldy, 1906</p><p>– Macropterous to brachypterous, if macropterous then usually with 3 anteapical cells; if with 2 anteapical cells, then larger, more robust leafhoppers and male segment X usually sclerotized at least laterally or ventrally ............................................................................................................... 38</p><p>38. Small to medium sized, slender, elongate leafhoppers; usually yellow, ochraceous, or pale green, often with paired black or brown markings or spots on head; subgenital plate often with row of macrosetae distant from lateral margin, with numerous long fine setae laterally; male pygofer incised dorsally nearly to base, often with differentiated dorsal and ventral lobes each of which may be produced into conical, triangular, or spine-like process; male segment X elongate and sclerotized dorsally; Nearctic, Neotropical, Palearctic ............................................................................ Cicadulini Van Duzee, 1892</p><p>– Size and color variable; subgenital plate macrosetae variable, with or without long fine setae; male pygofer dorsal incision variable; male segment X usually not elongate and strongly sclerotized ..... ......................................................................................................................................................... 39</p><p>39. Body usually broad and robust; forewings usually shortened, brachypterous to submacropterous; hindwings usually narrowed antero-posteriorly when outstretched or otherwise reduced in size; connective U- or sometimes Y- shaped with stem very short or absent; male segment X broad and sclerotized; ovipositor usually distinctly protruding beyond pygofer apex; Afrotropical (South Africa) .................................................... Selenocephalini: Bonaspeiina Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013</p><p>– Body shape variable; forewings usually macropterous; hindwings not narrowed anteriorly-posteriorly when outstretched; connective variable; male segment X variable; ovipositor usually not protruding far beyond pygofer apex ................................................................................................................. 40</p><p>40. Small to medium sized leafhoppers, usually with symmetrical dark markings; head distinctly wider than pronotum; anteclypeus parallel-sided or tapered apically; phragma sclerotized dorsad of aedeagal atrium, membranously connected to segment X, forming a dorsal connective; male pygofer dorsal margin thickened, declivous, and often ending in ventrally directed curved hook or spine; Australian, Nearctic, Oriental, Palearctic ................................................. Limotettigini Baker, 1915</p><p>– Without the above combination of characters ................................................................................ 41</p><p>41. Large, yellow to greenish species; forewing veins greenish; forewing venation highly reticulated apically; forewing resting orientation tectiform, appendix reduced; style apex footlike; Afrotropical (South Africa) ....................... Selenocephalini: Hypacostemmina Linnavuori &amp; Al-Ne’amy, 1983</p><p>– Without the above combination of characters ................................................................................ 42</p><p>42. Medium-sized robust leafhoppers with symmetrical markings consisting of spots, stripes, bands or large unicolorous areas, often with ivory, orange, brown, and/or black coloration; head usually wider than pronotum; crown usually with transverse preapical groove; crown-face transition often with one or more transverse carinae; clypellus widening toward apex or sometimes inflated and tapered toward apex; forewing usually with reflexed costal veins; Nearctic, Neotropical ......................................... .................................................................................................... Bahitini Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013</p><p>– Without the above combination of characters ................................................................................ 43</p><p>43. Medium sized to large and robust; usually ivory to brown or dark brown; head distinctly narrower than pronotum; antennal ledges carinate; lorum long, relatively large; anteclypeus long, widening apically; pronotum lateral margin long, longer than half basal width of eye; forewing often with brown irrorate markings; profemur row AM sometimes with one or more thick setae basad of AM1; nymph with pygofer short, with 6 rows of abdominal macrosetae; Afrotropical, Nearctic, Oriental, Palearctic ........................................................ Scaphoideini: Phlepsiina Zahniser &amp; Dietrich, 2013</p><p>– Without the above combination of characters ................................................................................ 44</p><p>44. Anterior margin of head with two or more distinct transverse carinae .......................................... 45</p><p>– Crown to face transition rounded, angulate, or foliaceous, but anterior margin of head usually without transverse carinae (rarely with single carina present) ..................................................................... 46</p><p>45. Antennae long; antennal bases situated near upper corners of eyes; antennal pits often large, encroaching onto frontoclypeus; profemur row AM without any additional thick setae basad of AM1; male pygofer usually with numerous macrosetae; subgenital plates usually without thick setae, usually with only fine, hairlike setae; Afrotropical, Australian, Oriental, Palearctic ......................... .......................................................................................... Scaphoideini: Drabescina Ishihara, 1953</p><p>– Antennae short; antennal bases situated near middle of eyes; antennal pits not large, not encroaching onto frontoclypeus; profemur row AM often with one or more thick setae basad of AM1; male pygofer usually without or with reduced number of macrosetae; subgenital plates usually with thick, often relatively short, setae laterally; Afrotropical, Oriental, Palearctic ............................................ ................................................................................ Selenocephalini: Selenocephalina Fieber, 1872</p><p>46. *With some combination of the following characters: head narrower than pronotum, produced anteriorly; frontoclypeus long, narrow; antennae long, longer than width of head; body slender; head and wings often with brown, orange, ochraceous, or ivory markings; forewing with one or more darkly pigmented reflexed costal veins; profemur row AV setae absent or reduced (not stout); metatibia row PD macrosetae long, as long as or longer than 0.5 × length of protibia; male or female pygofer with dense tufts of long fine or regular setae; subgenital plate apex sometimes membranous or long, digitate, somewhat membranous or weakly sclerotized; subgenital plates with numerous long fine setae laterally; basal processes of aedeagus or connective often present, connected or articulated to base of aedeagus or apex of connective stem; Cosmopolitan .................. Scaphoideini: Scaphoideina Oman, 1943 + genera unplaced to subtribe</p><p>– Without some combination of the above characters ....................................................................... 47 *This group is difficult to define morphologically due to its size and morphological diversity. The most common and distinctive characters that are usually present are the head narrower than the pronotum, the long antennae, and the long metatibia row PD setae. If two or more of these characters and one or more of the additional stated characters are present, it likely belongs to this group.</p><p>47. Moderately large relatively robust leafhoppers; ground color usually tan, head with crown rounded to face, frontoclypeus relatively broad; anteclypeus usually parallel-margined or tapering toward apex; first valvula with dorsal sculpturing areolate or granulose with elements of sculpture not organized into distinct rows; second valvulae usually with one or two dorsal teeth on basal fused section; Nearctic, Palearctic ......................................................... Athysanini: Athysanina Van Duzee, 1892</p><p>– Without the above combination of characters ................................................................................ 48</p><p>48. Medium sized to large ochraceous, yellowish, greenish, or brownish leafhoppers, sometimes with irregular brown irrorate markings or ramose pigment lines; crown usually relatively short and broad, convex, wider than pronotum, width between eyes distinctly greater than eye width, anterior margin usually rounded to face, texture often entirely shagreen; anteclypeus parallel-sided or broadened distally; forewing costal margin without extra crossveins basad of Rs fork; nymph with head produced more strongly than in adult, with medial longitudinal carina on upper part of face, pygofer lobes attenuate and parallel to each other; Nearctic, Neotropical ............. Pendarini Dmitriev, 2009</p><p>– Without the above combination of characters ................................................................................ 49</p><p>49. Color stramineous to brown, with extensive dark brown markings dorsally (rarely green without dark markings), forewing veins usually pale, bordered with brown; head with crown anterior margin broadly rounded to angulately produced, rounded to face, without transverse carinae, crown between eyes less than 1.5 × eye width; forewing macropterous, often with supernumerary crossveins, without reflexed costal veins basad of Rs origin; male abdomen with 2s apodemes enlarged, usually parallel, not divergent or capitate; male pygofer with one or more sclerotized ventral processes arising preapically, often extended mesad but not articulated with aedeagal atrium; subgenital plate much shorter than pygofer, lateral margins convex, usually with macrosetae scattered or in irregular sublateral rows; style with apex usually enlarged and often modified with teeth or branches; membrane laterad of aedeagal atrium with basal or distal branches; Oriental, associated with bamboo ............................................................................ Vartini: Bambusanina subtribe nov.</p><p>– Coloration various but often with bold symmetrical contrasting dark and pale markings dorsally, crown often with paired black spots on anterior margin and forewing usually with numerous round white translucent spots; crown usually depressed; anterior margin of head usually well-defined and crimped, forming distinct angle with face in profile, slightly to strongly produced and angulate in dorsal view, texture of posterior region glabrous or finely striate, not entirely shagreen; forewing costal margin usually with extra crossveins basad of Rs fork; Nearctic, Neotropical, Palearctic ...... ................................................................................................................ Platymetopiini Haupt, 1929</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034731FFA9F67C524AFABE4010B4AD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zahniser, James N.;Dietrich, Christopher H.;Cao, Yanghui;Dmitriev, Dmitry A.;Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson	Zahniser, James N., Dietrich, Christopher H., Cao, Yanghui, Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Pinedo-Escatel, J. Adilson (2026): New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1035: 1-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1035.3171, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3171/14103
