identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5A43F401AEAC54D0AAA2DDBB3DBAE3D0.text	5A43F401AEAC54D0AAA2DDBB3DBAE3D0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Homalomena lingua-felis A. S. D. Irsyam, Raynalta, & M. R. Hariri 2026	<div><p>Homalomena lingua-felis A. S. D. Irsyam, Raynalta &amp; M. R. Hariri sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 2</p><p>Type.</p><p>Indonesia • Sumatra, North Sumatra Province, South Tapanuli Regency, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.813805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.7098" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.813805/lat 1.7098)">Batang Toru</a>, 1°42'35.28"N, 98°48'49.68"E, c. 100 m, 2 Jan 2024, E. Raynalta 02 (holotype FIPIA -DEP 100!; isotype BO!) .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Homalomena lingua-felis is similar to H. pexa but differs by having shorter petiole (2.0– 4.5 cm vs. 7.0– 12 cm), papillate petiole (vs. densely white-tomentose), elliptic or cordate to ovate leaf shape (vs. oblong- to ovate-cordiform), papillate abaxial leaf surface (vs. sparsely hairy), papillate veins (vs. tomentose), papillate peduncle and spathe (vs. tomentose), pendulous peduncle (vs. semi-erect to declinate), and conical staminate flower zone (vs. ellipsoid).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Lithophytic herb to ca. 9.5 cm in height and 21 cm across. Stem condensed, ca. 2 cm long, ca. 0.5 cm in diam., red; internodes obscured by overlapping leaf bases. Leaves several together (3–7 per stem); petiole canaliculate, ribbed, terete, 1.2–4.5 cm long, 0.6–5.2 mm in diam., green reddish to dark red, papillose; petiolar sheath adnate to petiole, up to ½ the length of the petiole, 2.2–30.0 cm long, wings triangular, margin incurved, reddish-white; blade elliptic to cordate to ovate, subsucculent, 1.35–16.0 × 0.8–7.6 cm, base asymmetric cordate, margin ciliate, recurved, apex apiculate, adaxial surface green to dark green and densely tomentose hairs, hair bulbous, green at the base, white at the apex, abaxial surface greenish white, papillose; midrib prominent on abaxial surface, papillose, green or reddish; primary lateral veins 6–9 on each side diverging at 30 ° – 50 ° from midrib, papillose, reddish abaxially. Inflorescences 3–7 together in a simple synflorescence, odorless, opening sequentially; peduncle pendulous, 6–8 mm long, inserted basally on spathe, pale red, papillose. Spathe 9.7–19.0 mm long, 3.7–5.5 mm wide across at the base, not constricted, exterior green or reddish brown to reddish-orange, interior green or creamy white, apex with a terminal mucro to 1–2 mm long, spathe opening by a rather wide slit, later closing and enclosing spadix. Spadix 7.1–15.4 mm long, stipitate; stipe ca. 0.5 mm long, creamy white; pistillate flower zone ca. ¼ the length of the spadix, 1.8–4 mm long; pistils in 2–3 whorls, loosely arranged, lageniform, 1.5–2.0 mm long, creamy white; ovary subglobose, ca. 1 mm long, white; stigma discoid, papillose; interpistillar staminode clavate, up to ca. 0.5 mm long, creamy white; staminate flower zone 5.3–11.4 mm long, narrowly conical, apex acute, creamy white; staminate flowers densely arranged, ca. 1 mm long, consisting of 2–4 stamens, trapezoid to hexagonal in plan view; thecae globose to ellipsoid, 0.5–0.7 mm long, white, opening by a wide terminal pore. Fruiting spathe, fruits and seeds not observed.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet lingua-felis is derived from the Latin lingua (tongue) and feles (cat), in reference to the characteristic texture of the leaf surface, which bears a resemblance to the rough surface of a feline tongue.</p><p>Distribution and habitat.</p><p>Homalomena lingua-felis is naturally distributed in the regions of Central and South Tapanuli in North Sumatra. This study shows that H. lingua-felis has a narrow distribution, thus it can be stated as endemic to this area. The newly discovered species thrives on the vertical surfaces of stone walls found around waterfalls, at altitudes ranging from 15 to 50 m a. s. l. Our field study revealed that H. lingua-felis shared habitat with H. anthurioides S. Y. Wong, P. C. Boyce &amp; A. Hay and H. plicata P. C. Boyce &amp; S. Y. Wong in the same environment (Fig. 3).</p><p>Preliminary IUCN conservation assessment.</p><p>The species can be assessed as Vulnerable (VU) based on the criteria C 1, C 2 (i), and D 2, due to its restricted distribution (solely found in North Sumatra) with AOO and EOO of 8 km 2, vulnerability of its habitat to fire, number of mature plants below 1,000 and high poaching activities due to its peculiar and attractive morphological characters, as displayed on various e-commerce platforms.</p><p>Additional specimens examined.</p><p>Indonesia • Sumatra, Riau, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.47652&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.52428" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.47652/lat 0.52428)">Rokan Hulu Regency</a>, cultivated by Elis Nuraeni at Yagiza Nursery (original collection: Sumatra, North Sumatra, South Tapanuli, 2020, E. Nuraini s. n.), 0°31'27.408"N, 101°28'35.472"E, c. 12 m, 22 Jun 2024, M. R. Hariri s. n. (FIPIA -DEP 101!) . • Java, West Java, Bogor Regency, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.677986&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.66953" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.677986/lat -6.66953)">Pamijahan Subdistrict</a>, cultivated by Ade Agus Setiawan at Jungle Plants Farm (original collection: Sumatra, North Sumatra, Central Tapanuli, Sibolga, 2019, AA Setiawan s. n.), 6°40'10.308"S, 106°40'40.764"E, c. 600 m, 8 Jun 2024, M. R. Hariri &amp; A. S. D. Irsyam s. n. (FIPIA -DEP 102!) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A43F401AEAC54D0AAA2DDBB3DBAE3D0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Muzzazinah,;Damayanti, Inggar;Fadhil, Muhammad Hisyam;Raynalta, Erick;Husaini, Iin Pertiwi Amin;Rivai, Reza Ramdan;Setiawan, Ade Agus;Irsyam, Arifin Surya Dwipa;Rosleine, Dian;Pratami, Mentari Putri;Hariri, Muhammad Rifqi;Ariati, Siti Roosita	Muzzazinah,, Damayanti, Inggar, Fadhil, Muhammad Hisyam, Raynalta, Erick, Husaini, Iin Pertiwi Amin, Rivai, Reza Ramdan, Setiawan, Ade Agus, Irsyam, Arifin Surya Dwipa, Rosleine, Dian, Pratami, Mentari Putri, Hariri, Muhammad Rifqi, Ariati, Siti Roosita (2026): A new densely-haired aroid species of Homalomena (Araceae) from North Sumatra, Indonesia. PhytoKeys 271: 161-172, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.271.172410
