taxonID	type	description	language	source
E92675687C63FFB0FF5E38A4FBD44253.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 A-I)	en	Allsopp, Kazumi R., Cabrera, Feresa P., Fumo, James T., Spalding, Heather L., Williams, Taylor M., Kosaki, Randall K., Leonard, Jason, Hauk, Brian, Pyle, Richard L., Wagner, Daniel, Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2025): New species in the cryptic genus Gloiocladia J. Agardh (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Cryptogamie, Algologie 46 (5): 67-80, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2025v46a5, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2025v46a5.pdf
E92675687C63FFB0FF5E38A4FBD44253.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Hawai‘i • Kapou (Lisianski), Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument; 26 ° 2 ’ 13 ” N, 173 ° 47 ’ 31 ” W; 59 m a. s. l.; 14. IX. 2014; collected by J. Leonard (NWHI- 246); BISH 789091 (ARS 10279); GenBank accessions OR 881954 (rbc L) and OR 881946 (COI).	en	Allsopp, Kazumi R., Cabrera, Feresa P., Fumo, James T., Spalding, Heather L., Williams, Taylor M., Kosaki, Randall K., Leonard, Jason, Hauk, Brian, Pyle, Richard L., Wagner, Daniel, Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2025): New species in the cryptic genus Gloiocladia J. Agardh (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Cryptogamie, Algologie 46 (5): 67-80, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2025v46a5, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2025v46a5.pdf
E92675687C63FFB0FF5E38A4FBD44253.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — Laukuamo‘o (noun in apposition, and hence nondeclinable) is derived from multiple Hawaiian nouns. The name was developed using traditional Hawaiian naming practices in collaboration with the Nomenclature Subcommittee of the Papahānaumokuākea Native Hawaiian Cultural Working Group (CWG) (Appendix 1). “ Lau ” refers to a leaf or blade of a plant and can also refer to multiplicity. “ Kua ” refers to the back or the shape of a human spine, while “ mo‘o ” refers to the mourning gecko species found in Hawai‘i (Lepidodactylus lugubris Duméril & Bibron), which exhibits a similar sawtooth-like pattern on its back. By connecting all three terms, the name accentuates the intertwined sawtooth-like body plan and the biogeography of the species found in the “ geological backbone ” of the Hawaiian Archipelago, the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands or Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument.	en	Allsopp, Kazumi R., Cabrera, Feresa P., Fumo, James T., Spalding, Heather L., Williams, Taylor M., Kosaki, Randall K., Leonard, Jason, Hauk, Brian, Pyle, Richard L., Wagner, Daniel, Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2025): New species in the cryptic genus Gloiocladia J. Agardh (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Cryptogamie, Algologie 46 (5): 67-80, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2025v46a5, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2025v46a5.pdf
E92675687C63FFB0FF5E38A4FBD44253.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED. — BISH 789092 (ARS 10164), BISH 789093 (ARS 10286), BISH 789094 (ARS 11120), BISH 789095 (ARS 11147), BISH 789096 (ARS 11148), BISH 789097 (ARS 11390).	en	Allsopp, Kazumi R., Cabrera, Feresa P., Fumo, James T., Spalding, Heather L., Williams, Taylor M., Kosaki, Randall K., Leonard, Jason, Hauk, Brian, Pyle, Richard L., Wagner, Daniel, Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2025): New species in the cryptic genus Gloiocladia J. Agardh (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Cryptogamie, Algologie 46 (5): 67-80, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2025v46a5, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2025v46a5.pdf
E92675687C63FFB0FF5E38A4FBD44253.taxon	biology_ecology	SUBSTRATE / HOST. — Small pebbles (epilithic), or other larger macroalgae such as Amansia sp. (epiphytic). HABIT AND VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY. — Thalli are thin and elongated, oval in cross section, rounded at tips and exhibiting a distinctive construction of the blades with sawtooth-like branchlets, although a few specimens lack branchlets. Plants prostrate, and can be epiphytic on other macroalgae such as Amansia, by entangling their sawtooth-like branchlets with host thalli. Plants appear brownyellow in situ when compared to Amansia (Fig. 3 A). The alga exhibits a deep wine-red color when living (Fig. 3 B). Generally, thalli are irregularly-dichotomously branched. A single branch can extend up to 20 mm in length and 4 mm in width, including branchlets (Fig. 3 C). Sawtooth-like branchlets are positioned c. 300 µm apart and can extend into full branches (Fig. 3 D). A gelatinous layer surrounds the outermost cortical layer of apices (Fig. 3 E). Blades are up to 350 µm thick in cross section, and are composed of multiple layers of small, densely packed cortical cells, and larger medullary cells (Fig. 3 F). Outer cortical cells are loosely arranged, 5 µm in diameter and visible from the surface (Fig. 3 G). Laterally arranged subcortical cells connected via secondary pit connections (Fig. 3 H). Tightly arranged medullary cells have dimensions of 40 - 80 × 30 - 50 µm in cross section (Fig. 3 I). Primary pit connections can be observed between individual medullary cells, subcortical cells, and cortical cells (Fig. 3 I). No reproductive features were observed.	en	Allsopp, Kazumi R., Cabrera, Feresa P., Fumo, James T., Spalding, Heather L., Williams, Taylor M., Kosaki, Randall K., Leonard, Jason, Hauk, Brian, Pyle, Richard L., Wagner, Daniel, Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2025): New species in the cryptic genus Gloiocladia J. Agardh (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Cryptogamie, Algologie 46 (5): 67-80, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2025v46a5, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2025v46a5.pdf
E92675687C63FFB0FF5E38A4FBD44253.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Exclusive to MCE depths of 55 - 104 m throughout the Hawaiian Islands, including Kapou (Lisianski), Manawai (Pearl and Hermes), Lalo (French Frigate Shoals), and Maui.	en	Allsopp, Kazumi R., Cabrera, Feresa P., Fumo, James T., Spalding, Heather L., Williams, Taylor M., Kosaki, Randall K., Leonard, Jason, Hauk, Brian, Pyle, Richard L., Wagner, Daniel, Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2025): New species in the cryptic genus Gloiocladia J. Agardh (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Cryptogamie, Algologie 46 (5): 67-80, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2025v46a5, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2025v46a5.pdf
E92675687C63FFB0FF5E38A4FBD44253.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Plants epiphytic on other algae or lithophytic on rubble via rhizoidal attachment or entanglement. Thallus decumbent, up to 60 mm long. Stipes appear oval to circular in cross section, holdfasts not present in collected specimens. Plants irregularly dichotomously branched, deep wine red when alive, and pale pink when dried. Vegetative axes are narrow, up to 2 mm wide excluding sawtooth branchlets, with branchlets extending up to an additional 2 mm on either side of the axis. Branchlets can extend in opposite or alternating distichous patterns. Axes are flattened except in basal regions, 300 - 400 µm thick, and covered in a gelatinous layer that is seemingly thin and delicate at apices to allow the cell division of loosely-arranged cortical cells. Thallus multiaxial with 1 - 3 layers of loosely arranged rounded outer cortical cells, 5 µm in diameter from the surface view of the thallus. No lateral secondary pit connections observed between cortical filaments. Subcortical cells appear elongated and triangular, up to 16 × 9 µm in cross section, connected via primary pit connections to the medullary and cortical cells. Laterally arranged subcortical cells connected via secondary pit connections, forming a network. Medulla cellular and compact, consisting of large hyaline cells that decrease in size toward the cortex. Medullary cells forming 5 - 9 layers, axially elongated, ranging in size up to 80 × 50 µm in cross-section, forming frequent pit connections to adjacent medullary cells. Gametophytic and tetrasporic reproductive structures not observed.	en	Allsopp, Kazumi R., Cabrera, Feresa P., Fumo, James T., Spalding, Heather L., Williams, Taylor M., Kosaki, Randall K., Leonard, Jason, Hauk, Brian, Pyle, Richard L., Wagner, Daniel, Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2025): New species in the cryptic genus Gloiocladia J. Agardh (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Cryptogamie, Algologie 46 (5): 67-80, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2025v46a5, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2025v46a5.pdf
E92675687C63FFB1FC733B4EFB32439A.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 A-H)	en	Allsopp, Kazumi R., Cabrera, Feresa P., Fumo, James T., Spalding, Heather L., Williams, Taylor M., Kosaki, Randall K., Leonard, Jason, Hauk, Brian, Pyle, Richard L., Wagner, Daniel, Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2025): New species in the cryptic genus Gloiocladia J. Agardh (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Cryptogamie, Algologie 46 (5): 67-80, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2025v46a5, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2025v46a5.pdf
E92675687C63FFB1FC733B4EFB32439A.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — Laua‘enohokai was established by the CWG as the Hawaiian name of this species. Laua‘e refers to one of the most common ferns found in Hawai‘i, Microsorium scolopendria (Indigenous to Australia). Nohokai, meaning sea dweller, was added to signify the ocean-land connection of the two counterparts (refer to Appendix 1 for more details of the naming process).	en	Allsopp, Kazumi R., Cabrera, Feresa P., Fumo, James T., Spalding, Heather L., Williams, Taylor M., Kosaki, Randall K., Leonard, Jason, Hauk, Brian, Pyle, Richard L., Wagner, Daniel, Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2025): New species in the cryptic genus Gloiocladia J. Agardh (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Cryptogamie, Algologie 46 (5): 67-80, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2025v46a5, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2025v46a5.pdf
E92675687C63FFB1FC733B4EFB32439A.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED. — BISH 789098 (ARS 10720), BISH 789099 (ARS 11146).	en	Allsopp, Kazumi R., Cabrera, Feresa P., Fumo, James T., Spalding, Heather L., Williams, Taylor M., Kosaki, Randall K., Leonard, Jason, Hauk, Brian, Pyle, Richard L., Wagner, Daniel, Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2025): New species in the cryptic genus Gloiocladia J. Agardh (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Cryptogamie, Algologie 46 (5): 67-80, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2025v46a5, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2025v46a5.pdf
E92675687C63FFB1FC733B4EFB32439A.taxon	biology_ecology	HABIT AND MORPHOLOGY OF HAWAIIAN SPECIMENS. — Live specimens exhibit a variety of morphologies and are characterized by a pale pink color (Fig. 4 A). The color of preserved specimens ranges from pale-red to pink and thalli can vary in shape from fan-like blades to extended branches (Fig. 4 B). Flattened thalli have small sawtooth branchlets, c. 200 µm long, along the edge (possibly due to the incomplete growth of specimens). Branchlets spaced 100 - 200 µm apart (Fig. 4 C). Blades are up to 150 µm thick in cross section (Fig. 4 D). Cortical cells are loosely arranged, 4 µm in diameter (Fig. 4 E). Subcortical cells are laterally connected via secondary pit connections (Fig. 4 F). Medullary, subcortical, and cortical cells are connected via pit connections (Fig. 4 G). Medullary cells, 4 - 6 layers in cross section, are up to 100 µm in diameter. Cortical cells in 3 - 4 layers are connected via pit connections, extending from elongated subcortical cells, 5 × 20 µm in size (Fig. 4 H). Trichogynes observed protruding out of the thallus (Fig. 4 I). Other reproductive features not observed.	en	Allsopp, Kazumi R., Cabrera, Feresa P., Fumo, James T., Spalding, Heather L., Williams, Taylor M., Kosaki, Randall K., Leonard, Jason, Hauk, Brian, Pyle, Richard L., Wagner, Daniel, Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2025): New species in the cryptic genus Gloiocladia J. Agardh (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Cryptogamie, Algologie 46 (5): 67-80, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2025v46a5, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2025v46a5.pdf
E92675687C63FFB1FC733B4EFB32439A.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Two new records from MCE depths; 61 m depth from Middle Bank and 63 m depth from Lalo (French Frigate Shoals). Previous records suggested the species is present throughout the intertidal and subtidal ranges (> 7 m depths) throughout the Hawaiian Islands, with only one previous collection from MCE depths (66 m depth) collected by dredging.	en	Allsopp, Kazumi R., Cabrera, Feresa P., Fumo, James T., Spalding, Heather L., Williams, Taylor M., Kosaki, Randall K., Leonard, Jason, Hauk, Brian, Pyle, Richard L., Wagner, Daniel, Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2025): New species in the cryptic genus Gloiocladia J. Agardh (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Cryptogamie, Algologie 46 (5): 67-80, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2025v46a5, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2025v46a5.pdf
