identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
E26F781AFFA16954FF5A145347326D72.text	E26F781AFFA16954FF5A145347326D72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Itoigawacoris Yasunaga & Mashima 2025	<div><p>Genus Itoigawacoris Yasunaga &amp; Mashima gen. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis. Distinguished from other superficially similar mirine taxa (e.g. Lygocoris Reuter, 1875, Pinalitopsis Yasunaga, Schwartz &amp; Chérot, 2002 or Pinalitus Kelton, 1955) by the following combination of characters: head shiny fuscous, rounded in front; eyes small; basal transverse carina of vertex weak; slender antenna with segment III entirely milky white, contrasting to darkened in other antennomeres; labium reaching but not exceeding apex of metacoxa; pronotum shallowly and uniformly punctate, with thick collar; scutellum almost flat, weakly arched; cuneus widely creamy white; tibial spines dark brown, short, sparsely distributed; pulvillus relatively thick; parempodium shorter than claw, in addition to distinct male and female genitalic structures (Figs. 3A–E, 5A–J). The generic characters and systematic position of the present new genus are discussed below.</p><p>Description. Body medium-sized (4.5–5.1 mm in total length, 1.5–1.7 mm in maximum width), elongate-ovoid, nearly parallel-sided, not sexually dimorphic in overall appearance and size (Fig. 1A–B); dorsal surface relatively shining, with uniformly distributed, pale, simple, semierect setae (Fig. 4A, E). Head: Shiny, polished, impunctate, vertical, with sparsely distributed, simple, short, upright setae (Fig. 4C–D); eyes relatively small, slightly removed from anterior margin of pronotal collar; vertex and frons smooth, somewhat bulbous; basal transverse carina of vertex weak, faint (Fig. 4C). Antenna: Generally slender, slightly shorter than body; segment I about 2/3 as long as IV; segment II almost linear, not clavate, longer than basal width of pronotum; remaining segments filiform; segment III entirely milky white, contrasting to darkened other antennomeres. Labium: Reaching but not exceeding apex of metacoxa, longer than metafemur. Pronotum: Totally shiny fuscous, shallowly and uniformly punctate, with uniformly distributed, pale, semierect setae; pronotal collar pale creamy brown, more or less tinged with red in fresh specimens, with somewhat shagreened surface (Fig. 4C), almost equal in thickness to antennomere I; scutellum smooth, weakly arched (Fig. 4E); metathoracic scent efferent system as in Fig. 4F, with relatively narrow peritreme. Hemelytra: Weakly shining, reddish to dark brown, faintly punctate, composed of rather delicate integument, with uniformly distributed, pale semierect setae; cuneus widely creamy white; membrane about twice as long as cuneus. Legs: Relatively long; metaleg (femur + tibia + tarsus) slightly shorter than body length: tibial spines dark brown, short, weak, sparsely distributed; each tibia lacking dark spot at base of each spine; tarsi generally slender; metatarsus with shortest tarsomere I; meta-tarsomere II as long as III (Fig. 4G); pretarsal structure of metaleg as in Fig. 4H–I; pulvillus relatively thick; parempodium shorter than claw. Male genitalia (Figs. 3A–B, 5A–F): Left paramere basally with stout, triangularly produced sensory lobe (Fig. 5C); right paramere with hooked hypophysis (Fig. 5D). Vesica widely furnished with spinules and a single, stout spicule that is serrate basally and tapered apically (Fig. 3B, 5F); phallotheca wrinkled (Fig. 5F), lacking process. Female genitalia (Figs. 3C–E, 5G–J): Genital chamber with a pair of distinct sclerotized edges of dorsal labiate plate (Figs. 3C, 5G); sclerotized rings with thickened anterior margin, separated from each other mesally (Figs. 3C, 5G); margin of ovipositor (gonapophysis I) minutely serrate (Fig. 3D). Posterior wall with lateral lobe and interramal lobe, lacking noticeable dorsal structure (Fig. 3E, 5H–I); lateral lobe with scaly microstructures and interramal lobe spinulate (Fig. 5J).</p><p>Type species: Itoigawacoris venustulus Yasunaga &amp; Mashima, new species, by original designation.</p><p>Remarks. This new genus belongs to a traditionally confused group, so-called ‘ Lygus -complex’ (cf. Chérot et al. 2025). Recent efforts by the first author and his colleagues have attempted to provide proper classification system for this garbage-group (e.g. Yasunaga et al. 2002, 2018a, 2023a, Yasunaga &amp; Schwartz 2016, Yasunaga 2024a, b). Nonetheless, further cryptic taxa, like as Itoigawacoris, are remaining undescribed in Asia-Oriental.</p><p>The late instar (4–5th) immature forms of the present new species, Itoigawacoris venustulus, have unusual microstructures on the head (e.g. Fig. 6B–C). However, we currently cannot regard these structures as a generic character, as such microstructures in the plant bug nymphs have not been observed. The structures are currently considered to function as a gland or certain sense organ. Further physiological examination is required to verify the actual function.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E26F781AFFA16954FF5A145347326D72	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yasunaga, Tomohide;Mashima, Gō	Yasunaga, Tomohide, Mashima, Gō (2025): A new genus and species of mirine plant bug endemic to central Honshu, Japan, a region receiving the world’s heaviest snowfall (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae: Mirini). Zootaxa 5716 (3): 397-408, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5716.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5716.3.6
E26F781AFFA2695FFF5A158642096AC7.text	E26F781AFFA2695FFF5A158642096AC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Itoigawacoris venustulus Yasunaga & Mashima 2025	<div><p>Itoigawacoris venustulus sp. nov.</p><p>Figs. 1–2, 3A–E, 4A–I, 5A–J, 6A–I, 7</p><p>Diagnosis. Recognized readily by its unique color pattern and body shape (Fig. 1A–B) and characters provided in above generic diagnosis. At first sight similar in general appearance to Pinalitus nigriceps (Kerzhner, 1988), from which this new species is easily distinguished by the white antennomere III and cuneus. All East Asian Pinalitus members are specialists of Pinaceae conifers (Kerzhner 1988b, Yasunaga 1994, 2001). The nymphs are primarily recognized by the entirely scarlet general coloration (Figs. 1G, 2C–F), and the 4–5th instar immatures have unique microstructures (Fig. 6B–C, E–F).</p><p>Description. Head shiny fuscous; buccula narrowly whitish. Antenna dark brown; segment I reddish brown, with more or less darkened apex; segment II almost linear, not thickened towards apex; segment III milky white; segment IV dark grayish brown. Labium shiny chocolate brown, about as long as width across hemelytra; segments II, III and base of IV pale reddish brown. Pronotum fuscous, shining, with pale reddish brown collar; mesoscutum and scutellum shiny fuscous; scutellum with pale apex; propleuron shiny fuscous as in pronotum; other parts of pleurites dark reddish brown; metathoracic scent efferent system pale reddish brown, with darkened anterior margin. Hemelytron brown to dark brown, sometimes partly or widely tinged with red; lateral margin of exocorium (embolium) with a dark, narrow stripe continuing to cuneal margin; cuneus creamy white, narrowly darkened laterally and apically; membrane including veins and areolar cells smoky brown, with a whitish fascia mesally. All coxae whitish brown, partly or widely tinged with orange; all femora orange-scarlet; apices of pro- and mesofemora each with two pale rings; metafemur with two obscure rings; tibia whitish brown; each tarsomere III infuscate. Abdomen shiny orange-brown; ventral surface with a pair of brown fasciae laterally along rows of spiracles; male genital segment (pygophore) dark brown. Male and female genitalia as mentioned in generic description.</p><p>Measurements. See Table 1.</p><p>Etymology. From Latin, venustus (lovely, beautiful, elegant) with a diminutive suffix (-ulus), referring to its neat general appearance of this new species; the Latin word venustus is also derived from Venus, and the type locality, Mt. ‘Myojo’, means the Venus (planet, also implies Hesperus and Lucifer) in traditional Japanese.</p><p>Distribution. Japan (central Honshu, Niigata Prefecture).</p><p>Biology. Continuing fieldwork performed by the second author (G. Mashima) in 2024 and 2025 successfully confirmed the life history and breeding host. This mirid is monophagous, associated only with a Japanese boxwood, Buxus microphylla Sieb. &amp; Zucc. ( Buxaceae) (Fig. 2B), on which the immature forms and adults were observed to co-occur. The mirid undoubtedly has a univoltine life cycle and overwinters in the egg stage. The early instar nymphs appear on the host leaves in middle May (Fig. 2C–D), when patches of snow remain around the boxwoods (Fig. 2A–B). The newly emerged adults are found from late May to early June, and the annual generation is presumed to be completed until early August.</p><p>Under rearing conditions, both mature and late immature forms were observed to suck on an artificial diet (diluted fermented milk beverage, Fig. 2G, cf. Miyazaki et al. 2020) and scavenge on cadavers of other individuals (Fig. 2E). This mirid appears to have in some part of a zoophagous food habit.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype (♂), JAPAN: Central Honshu, Niigata Pref., Itoigawa City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=137.81746&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.93683" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 137.81746/lat 36.93683)">Kotaki</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=137.81746&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.93683" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 137.81746/lat 36.93683)">Mt. Myojo</a>, N36.936828 E137.817457 (577 m alt.), on Buxus microphylla, 7 Jun 2025, G. Mashima leg. (NWHS) (AMNH _ PBI 00380778) . Paratypes. JAPAN: Niigata Pref., Itoigawa City, Kotaki, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=137.8183&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.941822" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 137.8183/lat 36.941822)">Mt. Myojo</a>, N36.936135, E137.818899 (524 m alt.)— N36.941822, E137.818292 (1184 m alt.), on Buxus microphylla, 7 Jun 2025, G. Mashima, 21 ♂, 17 ♀ (several specimens were reared from 4–5th instar immatures) (AMNH, SNU, TYCN) ; same data as for holotype, except for date 28 May 2025, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (final instar nymphs when collected and emerged on 7–8 Jun) (TYCN); same locality, N36.9343, E137.8200 (520 m alt.)— N36.9379, E 137.8162 (610 m alt.), 15 Jul 2024, 1 ♂, 3 ♀ (TYCN); same data except for date 22 Jul 2024, 3 ♂, 8 ♀ (TUAK, TYCN); same data except for date 5 Jul 2024, 3 ♂, 3 ♀ (GMCN) . Some additional specimens (damaged during molt to adults) were also collected from Mt. Kurohime (5 km NNW of Mt. Myojo, 36°58’ N 137°47’ E, Fig. 7) on 29 May 2025 (SNU, preserved in 95% EtOH) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E26F781AFFA2695FFF5A158642096AC7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yasunaga, Tomohide;Mashima, Gō	Yasunaga, Tomohide, Mashima, Gō (2025): A new genus and species of mirine plant bug endemic to central Honshu, Japan, a region receiving the world’s heaviest snowfall (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae: Mirini). Zootaxa 5716 (3): 397-408, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5716.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5716.3.6
