identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
CAED92F63A0555739FC582E53F8333D8.text	CAED92F63A0555739FC582E53F8333D8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Occidentosphena ruandensis (Rehn 1914)	<div><p>Occidentosphena ruandensis (Rehn, 1914)</p><p>Figs 2, 3</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>Democratic Republic of the Congo • 1 ♀; Nord-Kivu, Niragongo, Lake Kivu; alt. 3000 m; 05 October 1907; Harzog, Adolf &amp; Mecklenburg leg.; MfN .</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>Cameroon • 9 ♂, 5 ♀; Littoral region, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.855394&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.032634" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.855394/lat 5.032634)">Mt. Manengouba</a>; 5°1'57.48"N, 9°51'19.42"E; alt. 2058 m a. s. l.; 29 September 2025; A. C. Wandji &amp; M. Mbadjoun Nziké leg.; Gallery forest; sweep net; SMNK .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Fastigial furrow distinctly narrow and slightly incurved; median carina of the pronotum weakly developed on the prozona; lateral carina weakly pronounced; sparse granules on the pronotum and lateral margin of the thorax; lophi with bilobed apex; apodemal plate ovoid in lateral view, lobes strongly produced ventrally with rounded apex and fairly close to each other; valves of cingulum well developed in ventral view and extend beyond the sheath of ectophallus; dorsal cleft of cingulum covered by the aedeagal valves, ventral cleft narrow; sheath well-developed, apex nearly straight; ventral process of cingulum broadly covering the endophallic apodemes in ventral view; general body coloration green in both male and female; eyes black without two large basal white spots; all legs and ovipositor light green in female; in male, femora yellowish to yellowish green except bluish distally, other leg segments blue to green.</p><p>Re-description.</p><p>Male: Integument finely rugose with scattered or dispersed granules. Antennae thick, filiform, shorter than the head and pronotum combined. Fastigium of vertex subtriangular, slightly longer than the interocular distance, apex slightly rounded; fastigial furrow narrow and deeply impressed. Frons strongly oblique and incurved; frontal ridge between antennae compressed, with a slit-like sulcus, almost obliterated, with traces of lateral carinulae. Sparse granules on the pronotum and lateral margin of the thorax; pronotum subcylindrical, widening posteriorly, lateral lobes considerably longer than wide; median carina linear, crossed by three sulci, weakly developed on the prozona and indistinct on the metazona; lateral carinae thicker and more pronounced than the median carina; metazona about one-third the length of the prozona. Tegmina and wings absent; tympanum present. Hind femur slender, with a slightly expanded lower marginal area not visible from above. Hind tibiae slightly shorter than the femora, with six to seven spines on the outer margin and ten spines on the inner margin; external apical spine of the hind tibia present. Cercus short, conical. Subgenital plate with an almost rounded apex, bearing a mid-longitudinal furrow (Fig. 2 E – G).</p><p>Female: Similar to male, but larger with body length ranging from 20.66 to 24.61 mm in females versus 13.49 to 15.78 mm in males. Ovipositor long and compressed, with valves almost straight, curved outward at the tips (Fig. 2 A – C).</p><p>Coloration.</p><p>Predominantly green in both male and female; pro-, meso-, and metathoracic segments purple ventrally; abdomen whitish in females and bluish in males; antennae scape and pedicel purple, flagellum dark or pale; eyes black, with two large white spots on the basal part. All femora, tibiae and tarsi green in female; in male, femora yellowish to yellowish green except bluish distally, other leg segments blue to green; ovipositor valves light green with yellowish apices (Fig. 2 D, H).</p><p>Epiphallus.</p><p>Bridge broad and wide, anterior margin curved emarginate, posterior margin weakly incurved; ancorae absent; anterior projections large, prominent and divergent with obtuse angular apices; appendices narrow and divergent, each apical lobes bearing two processes, one smaller and the other broader; lateral plates almost parallel, with external margins expanded; lophi large, antero-laterally directed with bilobated apex (Fig. 3 A).</p><p>Phallic complex.</p><p>Central membrane narrow; zygoma narrow; suprazygomal plate rounded, narrow, much shorter than the zygoma; apodemal plate broad and ovoid in lateral view, with lobes strongly produced ventrally with rounded apex and fairly close to each other; valves of cingulum very small, narrow, and pointed in lateral view, and extending beyond the sheath of ectophallus; visible section of rami of cingulum narrow in dorsal view; dorsal cleft of cingulum covered by the aedeagal valves, ventral cleft narrow; suprarami well developed and large; basal emargination of cingulum very deep, parabolic, rounded; sheaths well-developed, apex nearly straight; ventral process of cingulum large, partly covering the endophallic apodemes and markedly projecting beyond them in ventral view, not reaching the basal thickening of cingulum, and not visible in dorsal view; aedeagal valves well-developed, of medium size, with pointed apices, extending beyond the tip of the sheath of ectophallus in ventral view and slightly in the dorsal view (Fig. 3 B – D).</p><p>Ecological notes.</p><p>Occidentosphena ruandensis was collected at an altitude of 2,143 meters during the rainy season. It was found in an open herbaceous area on the edge of a montane gallery forest, close to a small permanent stream.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CAED92F63A0555739FC582E53F8333D8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Wandji, Alain Christel;Yetchom Fondjo, Jeanne Agrippine;Husemann, Martin;Mbadjoun Nziké, Marcelle;Djomnang Nkwala, Alfiery Laurel;Kemtchouan, Cédric William;Kekeunou, Sévilor	Wandji, Alain Christel, Yetchom Fondjo, Jeanne Agrippine, Husemann, Martin, Mbadjoun Nziké, Marcelle, Djomnang Nkwala, Alfiery Laurel, Kemtchouan, Cédric William, Kekeunou, Sévilor (2026): First record of Occidentosphena ruandensis (Rehn, 1914) in Cameroon, and re-description of Occidentosphena uvarovi (Rehn, 1942) (Orthoptera, Pyrgomorphidae) from the Cameroon Volcanic Line. African Invertebrates 67 (1): 109-124, DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.67.195122
30F3262E1C375791A07BCD4AF1EB6859.text	30F3262E1C375791A07BCD4AF1EB6859.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Occidentosphena uvarovi (Rehn 1942)	<div><p>Occidentosphena uvarovi (Rehn, 1942)</p><p>Figs 3, 4</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>Cameroon • 1 ♂; Cameroon Mountains, N’tem Ebene; alt. 2000 m; 31 December 1908; Riggenbach leg.; ANSP .</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>Cameroon • 5 ♂, 3 ♀; West region, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=10.106261&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.684825" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 10.106261/lat 5.684825)">Mt. Bamboutos</a>; 5°41'5.37"N, 10°6'22.54"E; alt. 2440 m a. s. l.; 31 July 2025; A. C Wandji &amp; C. W Kemtchouan leg.; agricultural field; sweep net; SMNK .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Fastigial furrow narrow and deep; median carina of the pronotum well developed on the prozona in female, weaker and less conspicuous in males; lateral carinae present, distinctly developed on the prozona, weakly developed on the meso- and metazona, but more pronounced in females than in males; scattered to dense granules on the pronotum and lateral margin of the thorax; lophi with acute apex; apodemal plate rounded in lateral view, lobes strongly produced ventrally with acute apex; valves of cingulum not visible in ventral view; dorsal cleft of cingulum large, ventral cleft fairly broad and V-shaped; sheath well-developed, apex rounded; ventral process of cingulum broadly expanded, entirely covering the endophallic apodemes in ventral view; general body coloration light green in females and brown in males; eyes grey with two horizontal white bands; fore and hind legs of the male predominantly brown; fore and mid femora brown or burgundy, hind femur greenish to yellowish, and hind tibia and ovipositor burgundy in the females.</p><p>Re-description.</p><p>Male: Integument finely rugose with scattered or dispersed granules. Antennae thick, filiform, shorter than the head and pronotum combined. Fastigium of vertex subtriangular, slightly longer than the interocular distance, apex slightly rounded; fastigial furrow narrow and deeply impressed. Frons strongly oblique and incurved; frontal ridge between antennae compressed, with a slit-like sulcus, almost obliterated, with traces of lateral carinulae. Pronotum subcylindrical, widening posteriorly, lateral lobes considerably longer than wide; median carina linear, crossed by three sulci, distinct on the prozona and indistinct on the metazona; lateral carinae on the prozona curved inward in front of the first transverse sulcus and outward behind it; metazona about one-third the length of the prozona. Tegmina and wings absent; tympanum present. Hind femora slender, with a slightly expanded lower marginal area not visible from above; genicular lobes pointed. Hind tibiae slightly shorter than the femora, with six to seven spines on the outer margin and ten spines on the inner margin; external apical spine of the hind tibia present. Cercus short, conical. Subgenital plate triangular with an almost rounded apex, bearing a mid-longitudinal furrow (Fig. 4 E – G).</p><p>Female: Similar to male, but larger with body length ranging from 21.74 to 25.1 mm in females versus 11.83 to 15.97 mm in males. Ovipositor long and compressed, with valves almost straight, curved inwards at the tips (Fig. 4 A – C, E – G).</p><p>Coloration.</p><p>Predominantly brown in males with whitish granules. Antennae dark grey in the male and brown in the female; eyes grey with two horizontal white bands and two white spots on the anterior part, although these are absent in some individuals; a longitudinal line of whitish granules extending from the base of the eyes to the posterior margin of the lateral lobe of the pronotum. In males, the fore, middle, and hind legs are predominantly brown. Female are predominantly light green with brown or burgundy fore and middle femora; the hind femora are yellowish-green; the hind tibia and ovipositor are reddish (Fig. 4 D, H).</p><p>Epiphallus.</p><p>Bridge broad, compressed, its anterior margin strongly curved, emarginate, posterior margin fairly incurved; ancorae absent; anterior projections large, prominent, and divergent with rounded apex; appendices broad and divergent, each apical lobe bearing two processes, one smaller and the other broader; lateral plates convex, divergent, with external margins expanded; lophi short, unilobate, antero-laterally directed with obtuse angular apex (Fig. 5 A).</p><p>Phallic complex.</p><p>Central membrane narrow; zygoma broad; suprazygomal plate rounded, narrow, and much shorter than the zygoma; apodemal plate broad and rounded in lateral view, with lobes strongly produced ventrally and an acute apex; valves of cingulum large and divergent in dorsal view; rami of cingulum narrow in dorsal view; dorsal cleft of cingulum narrow and ventral cleft broader in comparison with those of O. ruandensis; suprarami well developed and large; basal emargination of cingulum very deep, narrow, and V-shaped; sheath well-developed, with rounded apex; ventral process of cingulum well-developed, entirely covering the endophallic apodemes in ventral view, reaching the basal thickening of cingulum, and extending beyond the basal emargination of cingulum, also clearly visible in dorsal view; aedeagal valves well developed and large with pointed apices, extending well beyond the tip of the sheath of ectophallus in both dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 5 B – D).</p><p>Ecological notes.</p><p>Occidentosphena uvarovi was found at an altitude of 2,440 meters in an agricultural field during the rainy season.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/30F3262E1C375791A07BCD4AF1EB6859	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Wandji, Alain Christel;Yetchom Fondjo, Jeanne Agrippine;Husemann, Martin;Mbadjoun Nziké, Marcelle;Djomnang Nkwala, Alfiery Laurel;Kemtchouan, Cédric William;Kekeunou, Sévilor	Wandji, Alain Christel, Yetchom Fondjo, Jeanne Agrippine, Husemann, Martin, Mbadjoun Nziké, Marcelle, Djomnang Nkwala, Alfiery Laurel, Kemtchouan, Cédric William, Kekeunou, Sévilor (2026): First record of Occidentosphena ruandensis (Rehn, 1914) in Cameroon, and re-description of Occidentosphena uvarovi (Rehn, 1942) (Orthoptera, Pyrgomorphidae) from the Cameroon Volcanic Line. African Invertebrates 67 (1): 109-124, DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.67.195122
