identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
E16641DDCAE25CE882761D9AB55C1E3B.text	E16641DDCAE25CE882761D9AB55C1E3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phaeoclavulina fruticosa Y. Shan & S. Y. Liu 2026	<div><p>Phaeoclavulina fruticosa Y. Shan &amp; S. Y. Liu sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 2</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>From the Latin “ fruticosus ” refers to the densely branched, shrub-like appearance of the basidiomata.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Basidiomata compact, densely branched, caespitose, turning blue when injured. Basidiospores dacryoid to ellipsoid with patched to subconical to verrucose ornamentations.</p><p>Type.</p><p>China • Qinghai Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.80028&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.07111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.80028/lat 37.07111)">Xining City</a>, Datong County, 37°04'16"N, 101°48'01"E, alt. 2870 m, 11 September 2024, Yong Shan, Shu-Yan Liu, Xue-Lian Wu, Sheng-Bang Zhang, Wan-Lin Zhao and De-Ning Zhang, HMJAU 60999, holotype. GenBank: nuc rDNA ITS 1-5.8 S-ITS 2 = PV 821750; nuc rDNA 28 S = PV 822043 .</p><p>Basidiomata.</p><p>Medium-sized, (20 –) 30–100 (– 105) × (6 –) 10–20 (– 24) mm, erect, compact, overall shrub-like to distinctly coralloid, typically caespitose, arising from soil on moss-covered coniferous forest floor. Branches with up to 4–5 levels of division, predominantly dichotomous; cylindrical to slightly compressed, ascending, mostly parallel or slightly divergent, closely spaced, and gradually tapering toward the apices; apices 1–2 mm long, usually blunt and commonly bifurcate. Stipe short to moderately developed, 10–50 mm high, distinctly widening toward the branching point. Texture fleshy, slightly viscid; tissues turning blue when injured. Fresh basidiomata grayish-yellow to olive-gray overall, with paler branch apices, yellow to yellowish-brown; with age, the overall coloration becomes progressively darker, turning olive-brown to brown. Surface dry to slightly moist, smooth to minutely pruinose. Context firm and fleshy; odor indistinct. Upon drying, basidiomata moderately shrink yet retain overall morphology and branching pattern; color darkens to olive-brown, with apices often remaining pale yellowish-brown; surface becomes hardened and brittle.</p><p>Micromorphology.</p><p>Basidia 44.3–55.6 × 6.2–10.3 μm, slightly granular at maturity, hyaline to faintly yellowish, bearing four sterigmata. Hyphal system monomitic; hyphae hyaline, septate, with clamp connections, distinctly branched, (1.5 –) 2–6 μm wide, densely arranged, forming fasciculate or interwoven patterns.</p><p>Basidiospores (6.3 –) 7.4–8.0 (– 9.5) × (3.3 –) 4.1–4.5 (– 5.5) μm [Q = 1.45–2.16, Qm = 1.82 ± 0.2], dacryoid to ellipsoid, often slightly inequilateral, more or less rounded at one end and prolonged and sharp-pointed at the other; mature spores occasionally guttulate; surface roughened. Under SEM, basidiospores are distinctly ornamented, with surfaces sparsely covered by irregularly patched to subconical to verrucose ornamentations. The ornamentation elements are moderately sized, mostly discrete, and sparsely distributed across the spore surface, measuring approximately 0.15–0.35 µm in diameter. The ornamentations do not coalesce into ridges or form reticulate patterns.</p><p>Habit and distribution.</p><p>Gregarious on the soil around Picea crassifolia Kom. Known only from the type locality in Qinghai Province, China.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Phaeoclavulina fruticosa forms a well-supported sister lineage to the P. coniferarum and P. macrospora clade. Despite this close phylogenetic relationship, P. fruticosa is readily distinguished from both species by a combination of macromorphological and micromorphological characters.</p><p>Phaeoclavulina fruticosa differs from P. coniferarum in having larger basidiomata (30–100 × 10–20 mm vs. 25–50 × 15–30 mm). With respect to fresh coloration and bruising reactions, basidiomata of P. fruticosa are grayish-yellow to olive-gray and turn blue when injured, while those of P. coniferarum are yellow to yellow-ochraceous and rapidly become green to cyan-green upon handling or exposure. Micromorphologically, P. fruticosa has larger basidia (44.3–55.6 × 6.2–10.3 μm) than P. coniferarum (35–45 × 5.5–7.5 μm). Furthermore, basidiospores of P. fruticosa are sparsely covered with irregularly patched to subconical to verrucose ornamentations, whereas P. coniferarum is characterized by densely spinose spores with spines reaching up to 0.5 μm in length.</p><p>Phaeoclavulina fruticosa differs from P. macrospora by its small basidiospores (7.4–8.0 × 4.1–4.5 μm vs. 14–20 × 4.5–8 μm). The basidiospore ornamentation also shows differences between the two species, spores of P. macrospora are prominently spinose, with spines reaching up to 2.5 μm in height, whereas spores of P. fruticosa are distinctly ornamented, with surfaces sparsely covered by irregularly patched to subconical to verrucose ornamentations (ca. 0.15–0.35 μm in diameter). The discoloration reactions upon injury are also different, with P. macrospora turning brown soon after bruising, whereas P. fruticosa turns blue.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E16641DDCAE25CE882761D9AB55C1E3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Shan, Yong;Wu, Xue-Lian;Zhang, Sheng-Bang;Hou, Yu-Qing;Guo, Jin-Ping;Zhao, Wan-Lin;Zhang, De-Ning;Zhu, Zhao-Xiang;Liu, Shu-Yan	Shan, Yong, Wu, Xue-Lian, Zhang, Sheng-Bang, Hou, Yu-Qing, Guo, Jin-Ping, Zhao, Wan-Lin, Zhang, De-Ning, Zhu, Zhao-Xiang, Liu, Shu-Yan (2026): Discovery of two new Phaeoclavulina species (Basidiomycota, Gomphaceae) from high-elevation habitats in the Qinghai – Xizang Plateau. MycoKeys 128: 125-140, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.128.174768
992554EE06D4525CB3A3B7E2EE6719D4.text	992554EE06D4525CB3A3B7E2EE6719D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phaeoclavulina qinghaiensis Y. Shan & S. Y. Liu 2026	<div><p>Phaeoclavulina qinghaiensis Y. Shan &amp; S. Y. Liu sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 3</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Qinghaiensis (Latin) refers to the type location, Qinghai Province, China.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Basidiomata yellow to orange-yellow, not changing color when bruised. Basidiospores are broadly ellipsoid to oblong and exhibit a dense covering of spherical to irregular warts.</p><p>Type.</p><p>China • Qinghai Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.81778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.0725" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.81778/lat 37.0725)">Xining City</a>, Datong County, 37°04'21"N, 101°49'04"E, alt. 2865 m, 11 September 2024, Yong Shan, Shu-Yan Liu, Xue-Lian Wu, Sheng-Bang Zhang, Wan-Lin Zhao and De-Ning Zhang, HMJAU 60997, holotype. GenBank: nuc rDNA ITS 1-5.8 S-ITS 2 = PV 821748; nuc rDNA 28 S = PV 822041 .</p><p>Basidiomata.</p><p>Arising from soil or moss-covered coniferous forest floor, typically gregarious or caespitose, erect, and distinctly coralloid in form, measuring (26 –) 30–60 (– 63) × (6 –) 10–20 (– 21) mm. Main branches thick, originating from a short stipe-like base and successively divided dichotomously or polychotomously, typically 4–5 times, with apices subacute, commonly forked or slightly recurved, measuring approximately 1.5–4 mm in length. Fresh basidiomata yellow to orange-yellow overall, paler at the base and slightly darker at the tips; color unchanging when bruised or injured. Surface dry, without gelatinous or tomentose covering; texture fleshy to firm. Stipe short and inconspicuous, central or slightly eccentric, often merging with the basal branches. In some specimens, basal stipe structures laterally connate, with distinct longitudinal grooves at the points of fusion, forming deeply embedded junctions. Basal parts frequently associated with rhizomorphic strands, sometimes bearing remnants of moss, pine needles, or cone scales. Upon drying, basidiomata dark brown to yellowish brown, with slight surface shrinkage but well-preserved branching structure; base pale yellowish white to light brown, with slightly fibrous texture.</p><p>Micromorphology.</p><p>Basidia 39.1–50.9 × 5.9–9.1 μm, slightly granular upon maturation, hyaline to faintly yellowish, bearing four sterigmata. Hyphal system monomitic; hyphae septate, with clamp connections; contextual hyphae (1.8 –) 2–5 μm wide, with variable wall thickness, branched, densely arranged.</p><p>Basidiospores (6.5 –) 8.4–8.9 (– 11.0) × (3.5 –) 4.8–5.3 (– 6.7) μm [Q = 1.19–2.31, Qm = 1.74 ± 0.27], broadly ellipsoid to oblong, slightly inequilateral, more or less rounded at one end and narrower and slightly prolonged at the other; surface distinctly roughened. Some spores contain one to several guttules. Under SEM, spores exhibit a dense covering of warty (verrucose) ornamentation. These ornamentations are spherical to irregular in shape, moderately sized (0.1–0.5 µm in diameter), evenly distributed, and do not coalesce into ridges or reticulate structures.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Phaeoclavulina qinghaiensis formed as sister to P. abietina in the phylogenetic analyses, but the two species can be distinguished by several morphological characters. Basidiomata of P. qinghaiensis remain unchanged in color when bruised or injured, whereas the flesh of P. abietina becomes slightly ochraceous when cut. Basidiospores of P. qinghaiensis are broadly ellipsoid to oblong and often slightly inequilateral, while those of P. abietina are elongate and pip-shaped. In addition, differences are observed in basidiospore ornamentation: basidiospores of Phaeoclavulina qinghaiensis are verrucose, with spherical to irregular ornamentation that are evenly distributed and of moderate size (0.1–0.5 μm in diameter), whereas basidiospores of P. abietina bear closely echinulate ornamentation composed of short, acute, hyaline spines 0.5 μm long, or 0.5–1 μm long in other collections.</p><p>Additional materials examined.</p><p>China • Qinghai Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.81778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.0725" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.81778/lat 37.0725)">Xining City</a>, Datong County, 37°04'21"N, 101°49'04"E, alt. 2860 m, 11 September 2024, Yong Shan, Shu-Yan Liu, Xue-Lian Wu, Sheng-Bang Zhang, Wan-Lin Zhao and De-Ning Zhang, HMJAU 60998, paratype. GenBank: nuc rDNA ITS 1-5.8 S-ITS 2 = PV 821749; nuc rDNA 28 S = PV 822042 .</p><p>Habit and distribution.</p><p>Gregarious on the soil around Picea crassifolia . Known only from the type locality in Qinghai Province, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/992554EE06D4525CB3A3B7E2EE6719D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Shan, Yong;Wu, Xue-Lian;Zhang, Sheng-Bang;Hou, Yu-Qing;Guo, Jin-Ping;Zhao, Wan-Lin;Zhang, De-Ning;Zhu, Zhao-Xiang;Liu, Shu-Yan	Shan, Yong, Wu, Xue-Lian, Zhang, Sheng-Bang, Hou, Yu-Qing, Guo, Jin-Ping, Zhao, Wan-Lin, Zhang, De-Ning, Zhu, Zhao-Xiang, Liu, Shu-Yan (2026): Discovery of two new Phaeoclavulina species (Basidiomycota, Gomphaceae) from high-elevation habitats in the Qinghai – Xizang Plateau. MycoKeys 128: 125-140, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.128.174768
