taxonID	type	description	language	source
DF0987E2FD74FFD21F0141F002B2F9C6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body color pale brown to brown. Lunule that is as wide as high or slightly higher than wide. First flagellomere not enlarged. Prescutellar acrostichal setae present. Epandrium with tubercle-like setae on the inner surface (Spencer and Steyskal 1986, Lonsdale 2021).	en	de Sousa, Viviane R., Gomes, Marina M., Couri, Márcia S. (2024): On Cerodontha (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species and new records. Zoologia (e 23038) 41: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v41.e23038, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v41.e23038
DF0987E2FD76FFD01CD2473D0373FC73.taxon	description	Figs 1, 2	en	de Sousa, Viviane R., Gomes, Marina M., Couri, Márcia S. (2024): On Cerodontha (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species and new records. Zoologia (e 23038) 41: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v41.e23038, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v41.e23038
DF0987E2FD76FFD01CD2473D0373FC73.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 1 ♂ INPA: Brasil, AM, Manaus, R. F. Adolpho Ducke, Sede, 30. i. 2018, Varredura, R. Ale-Rocha et al. 1 ♂ MNRJ: MNRJ-ENT 1 - 69658: Brasil, AM, Manaus, R. F. Adolpho Ducke, Sede, 30. i. 2018, Varredura, R. Ale-Rocha et al. Description. Wing length: 1.35 – 1.7 mm (♂). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 10 – 11.5. Ocellar triangle short, ending to the posterior ors. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial not prominent. Lunule only slightly wider than high. First flagellomere small and rounded, with short, yellowish hairs. Arista long and pubescent. Gena slightly angled posteriorly (Fig. 1 A – C). Chaetotaxy. Two incurved ori, two reclinate ors, all equally developed. Ocellar and postocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. One row of long and reclinate orbital setulae. Eye with short pilosity. One pair of prominent setae apically on each palpus. One presutural and three postsutural dorsocentral setae, decreasing in length anteriorly. Four to five rows of acrostichal setulae. Prescutellar acrostichal setae present. Lateral scutellar setae short, less than half length of apical setae. Mid tibia with one strong lateromedial seta. Coloration. Body mostly dark brown. Ocellar triangle slightly shining. Fronto-orbital plate, lunule and face brown with grey pruinosity. Frons brown. Antennae entirely dark brown. Clypeus dark brown, slightly shining. Gena yellowish brown. Palpus dark brown. Labellum yellow. Scutum and scutellum slightly shining. Pleurae brown, with a yellow stripe on superior and posterior margins of anepisternum. Notopleuron slightly lighter brown. Wing hyaline with base yellow. Calypter greyish-yellow, margin and hairs brown. Halter yellow. Legs brown, with fore knee yellowish. Abdomen shining. Genitalia. Epandrium with well-developed and pointed supra-anal process. Cerci short, setulose, with one long apical seta. Surstylus small, incurved, with 2 – 3 strong spines and some long setae on inner margin (Fig. 2 A, B). Subepandrial sclerite slightly curved apically. Hypandrium short, V-shaped (Fig. 2 C). Basiphallus short, U-shaped with a median projection curved at apex. Hypophallus with long and narrow lateral sclerites, membranous centrally, with a long and curved clear extension. Paraphallus short, with basal margin straight. Mesophallus narrow at base with a bulb apically. Distiphallus as long as mesophallus, entirely divided into one pair of sinuate arms, slightly directed dorsally, with apex slightly flared at opening (Fig. 2 D, E). Ejaculatory apodeme with a large blade; sperm pump oval, with a sclerotized bar laterally (Fig. 2 F). Host. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil (new record), Guadeloupe, Martinique. Remarks. The analyzed specimens from Brazil have longer wings (1.7 mm) and a slightly shorter mesophallus than the holotype from Guadeloupe (1.35 mm). We consider this small difference to be intraspecific variation.	en	de Sousa, Viviane R., Gomes, Marina M., Couri, Márcia S. (2024): On Cerodontha (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species and new records. Zoologia (e 23038) 41: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v41.e23038, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v41.e23038
DF0987E2FD76FFDB1F7246A1035FFA30.taxon	description	Figs 3, 4	en	de Sousa, Viviane R., Gomes, Marina M., Couri, Márcia S. (2024): On Cerodontha (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species and new records. Zoologia (e 23038) 41: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v41.e23038, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v41.e23038
DF0987E2FD76FFDB1F7246A1035FFA30.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 1 ♂ MNRJ: MNRJ-ENT 1 - 69659, Brasil, RJ, Teresópolis, PARNASO, casa do pesquisador, Malaise, 22 ° 27 ’ 19.4 ” S 042 ° 59 ’ 51.7 ” W, 1148 m, 13. ix – 25. x. 2021, Eq. lab Dipneo col. Description. Wing length. 1.9 – 2.1 mm (♂). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section: 0.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 7.6. Ocellar triangle short, ending to the posterior ors. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial not prominent. Lunule only slightly higher than wide. First flagellomere small and rounded, with short, whitish hairs. Arista short pubescent. Gena slightly angled posteriorly (Fig. 3 A – C). Chaetotaxy. Two incurved ori, the anterior more inclined, three reclinate ors (holotype with two), all equally developed. Ocellar and postocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. One row of long and reclinate orbital setulae. Eye with short pilosity. Two pairs of prominent setae apically on each palpus. One presutural and three postsutural dorsocentral setae, strong and decreasing in length anteriorly. Seven rows of acrostichal setulae (four rows in holotype). Prescutellar acrostichal setae present. Lateral scutellar setae only slightly shorter than apical setae. Mid tibia with one strong lateromedial seta. Coloration. Body mostly brown. Ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate slightly shining. Frons brown, slightly yellowish, with pruinosity. Lunule and face brown with grey pruinosity. Antenna entirely yellowish brown. Clypeus dark brown, slightly shining. Gena and palpus brown, slightly paler. Labellum yellow. Scutum and scutellum shining. Pleurae brown, with a yellow stripe on superior and posterior margins of anepisternum. Posterior margin of postpronotum slightly yellowish. Wing hyaline with base yellow. Calypter greyish-yellow, margin and hairs brown. Halter white. Legs brown, with fore knee and all tarsi yellowish. Genitalia. Epandrium with a large rounded process above anus. Cerci very short, setulose. Surstylus small, incurved, with 6 – 7 spines and some long setae (Fig. 4 A, B). Subepandrial sclerite hook-shaped apically. Hypandrium subtriangular with apex broadly rounded. Basiphallus short, bifid. Hypophallus long, sclerotized laterally and membranous microsetulose centrally, and a clear tubule emerging from between sclerites. Paraphallus short, membranous with basal margin rounded. Mesophallus a little shorter than distiphallus, with stalk narrow and apical bulb which occupies a little less than half the total length of the mesophallus. Distiphallus 1.5 x longer than mesophallus, entirely divided into one pair of sinuate arms, directed apically, with a thickening apically, which becomes membranous at the end (Fig. 4 C, D). Ejaculatory apodeme large, with stalk narrow; sperm pump clear, with an apical sclerotization (Fig. 4 E). Host. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil (new record), Venezuela. Remarks. This species is very similar to Cerodontha (B.) puertoricensis Spencer (in Spencer and Stegmaier 1973). However, there are some small differences between both, such as halter white, basiphallus slightly shorter and apical bulb of the mesophallus slightly straight at base in Cerodontha (B.) orcina. Besides this, C. (B.) orcina has strong spines on the surstylus, whereas for C. (B.) puertoricensis, Spencer (1973) mentioned only a fringe of four or five weak setae along the inner margin. In the original description of C. (B.) orcina, was mentioned two ors and four rows of acrostichal setulae, but we observed three ors and seven rows in the analyzed specimen, which we consider to be a variation within this species.	en	de Sousa, Viviane R., Gomes, Marina M., Couri, Márcia S. (2024): On Cerodontha (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species and new records. Zoologia (e 23038) 41: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v41.e23038, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v41.e23038
DF0987E2FD7DFFDA1FC240F90459FEED.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Fronto-orbital plate produced. Lunule high and narrow, sometimes much higher than wide, pitted and bare. Prescutellar acrostichal setae usually absent. Epandrium without tubercle-like setae on inner surface (Spencer and Steyskal 1986, Lonsdale 2021).	en	de Sousa, Viviane R., Gomes, Marina M., Couri, Márcia S. (2024): On Cerodontha (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species and new records. Zoologia (e 23038) 41: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v41.e23038, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v41.e23038
DF0987E2FD7CFFDA1CA4479B034EFA02.taxon	description	Figs 6, 7 https: // zoobank. org / f 7 bf 5 f 70 - 150 e- 46 ec-aa 39 - c 2034636521 f Type material. HOLOTYPE: 1 ♂ INPA: Brasil, AC, Bujari, FES Antimary 9 ° 20 ’ 01 ” S 68 ° 19 ’ 17 ” W, 18 – 31. viii. 2017, Malaise grande, E. F. Morato & J. A. Rafael cols. – Rede BIA. PARATYPES: 1 ♂ INPA, 1 ♂ MNRJ: MNRJ-ENT 1 - 69664, same data as holotype. Description. Wing length: 1.9 – 2.0 mm (♂). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 10. Ocellar triangle short, ending before posterior ors. Fronto-orbital plate slightly prominent when viewed laterally. Parafacial not prominent. Lunule ending before the posterior ori. First flagellomere slightly pointed apically, with very short hairs. Arista short pubescent. Clypeus large. Gena narrow and rounded, not projecting posteriorly (Fig. 6 A – C). Chaetotaxy. Two incurved ori, three reclinate ors. Ocellar and postocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. One row of long and reclinate orbital setulae. Eye with sparsely pilosity. One pair of prominent setae apically on each palpus. One presutural, fine and short, little more developed than acrostichals and three postsutural dorsocentral setae, third shorter and thinner than second and first. Six to seven rows of acrostichal setulae. Prescutellar acrostichal setae absent. Lateral scutellar setae fine and reduced, about 1 / 3 of the length of the apical setae. Mid tibia with one short and fine lateromedial seta. Coloration. Body mostly shining dark brown. Fronto-orbital plate brown, slightly shining, with inner margin yellowish. Ocellar triangle slightly shining dark brown, with a yellowish edge. Frons dark brown, with grey pruinosity. Lunule yellowish brown, with grey pruinosity. Face and gena yellowish brown. Antennae yellowish brown. Arista brown, with base yellowish. Clypeus dark brown, slightly shining. Palpus yellowish brown. Labellum paler yellow. Scutum and scutellum shining dark brown. Pleurae dark brown, with a yellow stripe on superior and posterior margins of anepisternum. Notopleuron and posterior margin of postpronotum yellow. Katepimeron yellow basally. Wing hyaline, yellow at base. Calypter grey, margin and hairs brown. Halter yellow. Legs dark brown, except all femora yellow. Abdomen shining dark brown, yellow only to basal margins of tergites. Genitalia. Epandrium with long, pointed supra-anal process and about six short spines on inner margin. Cerci long and narrow, long setulose. Surstylus small and narrow, incurved, with about 14 fine setae (Fig. 7 A, B). Subepandrial sclerite pointed apically. Hypandrium U-shaped. Basiphallus medium size, tubular, sclerotized ventrally. Hypophallus large and sclerotized, with short and curved clear extension apically. Paraphallus narrow. Mesophallus short and straight, slightly wavy when viewed from lateral view. Distiphallus bifid at base, but fused and broad at apex (Fig. 7 C, D). Ejaculatory apodeme with a large blade and very narrow stem with a small, rounded sub-basal process, sperm pump oval, with a rounded sclerotized process laterally (Fig. 7 E). Etymology. The name is in honor of the important Brazilian taxonomist, Dr. José Albertino Rafael from INPA, who contributed with part of the material herein studied. Host. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil. Remarks. The distiphallus of this species is unusual when compared to other known Cerodontha species, which typically have a long and bifid distiphallus. In this species, the distiphallus is bifid at the base but fused and broad at the tip, resembling the distiphallus of a few other species such as Cerodontha (C.) trispinella Spencer, 1977 and Cerodontha (C.) trispinosa Spencer, 1977. Although these similar species belong to a different subgenus, the presence of lateral scutellar setae, the absence of acrostichal setae and the apex of first flagellomere only slightly angulate confirm that the new species belongs to the Poemyza subgenus.	en	de Sousa, Viviane R., Gomes, Marina M., Couri, Márcia S. (2024): On Cerodontha (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species and new records. Zoologia (e 23038) 41: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v41.e23038, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v41.e23038
DF0987E2FD7CFFDD1F0043310774FA7E.taxon	description	Figs 8, 9 https: // zoobank. org / 205023 F 4 - 6 BC 6 - 4490 - AB 8 F- 214 F 2 DD 0 EEB 1 Type material. HOLOTYPE: 1 ♂ MNRJ: MNRJ-ENT 1 - 69661, Brasil, RJ, Teresópolis, PARNASO, casa do pesquisador, Malaise, 22 ° 27 ’ 19.4 ” S 042 ° 59 ’ 51.7 ” W, 1148 m, 13. ix – 25. x. 2021, Eq. lab Dipneo col. PARATYPES: 1 ♂ MNRJ-ENT 1 - 69660, 1 ♀ MNRJ-ENT 1 - 69662, 2 ♂ MNRJ-ENT 1 - 69663: same data as holotype. (All deposited in MNRJ). Description. Wing length. 1.8 – 2.0 mm (♂), 2.0 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section: 1.1 – 1.2. Eye height divided by gena height: 12 – 12.5. Ocellar triangle long, almost reaching to posterior ori. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial not prominent. Lunule higher than wide, narrower near to suture and reaching anterior ori. First flagellomere short, oval, kidney-shaped and with small hairs. Arista long, short pubescent. Gena narrow and rounded, slightly projecting posteriorly (Fig. 8 A – D). Chaetotaxy. Two to three incurved ori, shorter than ors; two to three reclinate ors equally developed. Ocellar and postocellar setae subequal to ors. One row of long and reclinate orbital setulae. Eye pilose in males. Three setae apically on each palpus. Presutural dorsocentral absent, three postsutural dorsocentral setae decreasing in length. Four to five rows of acrostichal setulae. Prescutellar acrostichal setae absent. Lateral scutellar setae reduced, about half of the length of the apical setae. Mid tibia with one short and fine lateromedial seta. Coloration. Body mostly brown. Fronto-orbital plate and ocellar triangle yellowish brown, slightly shining. Frons brown, with pruinosity. Lunule and face yellowish brown with pruinosity. Scape and pedicel yellowish brown. First flagellomere yellowish brown, darker apically. Clypeus slightly shining brown. Palpus brown. Labellum yellow. Scutum and scutellum slightly shining. Pleurae brown, with a yellow stripe on superior and posterior margins of anepisternum. Wing hyaline, yellow at base. Calypter greyish yellow, margin and hairs brown. Halter yellow. Legs brown, with apex of fore femur and base of fore tibiae yellowish, tarsi yellowish on all legs. Abdomen slightly shining. Genitalia. Epandrium with well-developed and round- ed supra-anal process, without spines on inner margin. Cerci very short and narrow, setulose, with a distinct long apical seta. Surstylus directed inwards with some setae (Fig. 9 A, B). Subepandrial sclerite slightly curved apically. Hypandrium U-shaped. Basiphallus long and tubular, sclerotized laterally. Hypophallus long and narrow, membranous dorsally, with a long and curved clear extension basally. Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus narrow. Distiphallus divided in two long, narrow and slightly S-shaped tubules that is 2.5 times longer than mesophallus, widening to little broad apical cup; slightly recurved apically (Fig. 9 C, D). Ejaculatory apodeme small, with blade twice larger than stem; sperm pump round and clear, with a rounded sclerotized process laterally (Fig. 9 E). Etymology. The epithet refers to the type locality of holotype and paratypes. Host. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil. Remarks. This species is very similar to Cerodontha (P.) bambusae Martinez, 1992, specially of the phallus shape. However, differs in the following characters: longer wing length, without presutural and three postsutural dorsocentrals, a shorter mesophallus with a rounded base, and a longer hypophallus. In contrast, C. (P.) bambusae has a shorter wing length of 1.55 mm, 2 + 1 dorsocentrals, a longer mesophallus, rectilinear at the base, and a shorter hypophallus.	en	de Sousa, Viviane R., Gomes, Marina M., Couri, Márcia S. (2024): On Cerodontha (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species and new records. Zoologia (e 23038) 41: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v41.e23038, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v41.e23038
