identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
1A98114DF38F5FEA99D1660CF9902B4F.text	1A98114DF38F5FEA99D1660CF9902B4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gracixalus damingshanensis Chen & Li 2026	<div><p>Gracixalus damingshanensis sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 5, 6, 7</p><p>Type materials.</p><p>Holotype. NNU 202103010 (Fig. 5), adult male, collected from <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.4386&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.4956" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.4386/lat 23.4956)">Wuming District</a>, Nanning City, Guangxi, China (23.4956°N, 108.4386°E, 1,231 m a. s. l.), by Wei-Cai Chen on 3 March 2021 .</p><p>Paratypes. NNU 202103008 –009, NNU 202103011 (three adult males), and NNU 202103007 (one adult female), collected at the same locality as the holotype by Wei-Cai Chen on 3 March 2021; NNU 202103270 and NNU 202103288 (two adult females), collected near the type locality by Wei-Cai Chen on 24 April 2021 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Gracixalus damingshanensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) SVL 27.3–32.3 mm in males (n = 4) and 32.4–40.1 mm in females (n = 3); (2) dorsal surface rough, with scattered tubercles; (3) throat, chest, and ventral surface grayish with light brown spotting; (4) fingers without webbing; (5) white tubercles along the margins of the upper and lower jaws and on limb surfaces; (6) vomerine teeth absent; (7) tibiotarsal articulation reaching the middle of the eye; (8) skin of throat, chest, and belly granular; (9) heels not meeting when thighs are held at right angles to the body; (10) distinct nuptial pad on Finger I; (11) single internal subgular vocal sac with an oval opening bordered by a gray rim on each side of the mouth floor; (12) iris golden brown; and (13) advertisement calls comprising 2–5 notes per call (Figs 5, 6, 7).</p><p>Description of holotype.</p><p>Head slightly shorter than wide (HL / HW = 0.91). Snout oval in dorsal and lateral views, distinctly protruding beyond lower jaw. Canthus rostralis rounded; loreal region sloping and slightly concave; interorbital area flat. Nostril oval, lateral, closer to snout tip than to eye. Pupil horizontal. Eye diameter greater than internarial distance (ED / IND = 1.21). Interorbital width greater than upper eyelid width (IOD / UEW = 1.50). Tympanum diameter smaller than eye diameter (TD / ED = 0.37). Supratympanic fold distinct, extending to axilla. Vomerine teeth absent; choanae round. Tongue pyriform, deeply notched posteriorly. Single internal subgular vocal sac present, with an oval opening bordered by a gray rim on each side of the mouth floor (Figs 5, 6).</p><p>Relative finger lengths I &lt;II &lt;IV &lt;III. Tips of Fingers II – IV with well-developed discs and distinct horizontal circummarginal grooves. Fingers without webbing. Subarticular tubercles distinct, weakly developed on Fingers III – IV; two indistinct metacarpal tubercles present. Nuptial pad present on posterolateral surface of Finger I (Fig. 5).</p><p>Relative toe lengths I &lt;II &lt;III = V &lt;IV. Toe tips with well-developed discs and circummarginal grooves; discs smaller than those on fingers. Toes moderately webbed; webbing formula I 2‒2 + II 1.5‒3 III 2‒3 + IV 3 + ‒ 2 V. Subarticular tubercles rounded and distinct; formula 1, 1, 2, 3, 2. Inner metatarsal tubercle oval; outer metatarsal tubercle absent. Tibiotarsal articulation reaching middle of eye. Heels not meeting when thighs are adpressed at right angles to body (Figs 5, 6, 7).</p><p>Dorsal surfaces of head, body, and limbs rough, with scattered tubercles. White tubercles present along the margins of the upper and lower jaws and on limb surfaces. Throat, chest, belly, and ventral thighs granular. Dorsolateral folds absent.</p><p>Measurements of holotype</p><p>(in mm). SVL 31.1, HL 10.5, HW 11.5, SL 4.5, IND 3.4, IOD 3.9, UEW 2.6, ED 4.1, TD 1.5, TL 15.3, FHL 15.8, TFL 21.5, FL 13.9.</p><p>Color of holotype in life.</p><p>Dorsum light yellow, with a brown inverted Y-shaped marking extending from the upper eyelids and interorbital region and bifurcating posteriorly onto the shoulders. Dorsal surfaces of limbs light yellow with brown transverse bands. Ventral surfaces of throat, chest, and belly grayish with light brown spots. Finger and toe discs creamy yellow. Anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs light yellow; ventral surfaces of thighs light brown. Cream-white tubercles scattered along margins of upper and lower jaws. Canthus rostralis brown; tympanum and supratympanic fold light brown. Iris golden brown; pupil horizontal and black (Fig. 5).</p><p>Color of holotype in preservative.</p><p>Dorsum light brown with a dark brown inverted Y-shaped marking. Ventral surfaces of throat, chest, and belly light brown. Anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs grayish-white (Fig. 6).</p><p>Variation.</p><p>Morphometric data for the type series are given in Table 4. Dorsal coloration varies among individuals: specimens NNU 202103008 –009 are light brown rather than light yellow (Fig. 7 A, B). The inverted Y-shaped marking also varies in color, appearing dark green in NNU 202103009 (Fig. 7 B) and nearly black in NNU 202103007 (Fig. 7 D).</p><p>Secondary sexual characters.</p><p>Males possess nuptial pads on Finger I and a single internal subgular vocal sac. Females are slightly larger than males. Males lack a linea masculina.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet ‘ damingshanensis’ refers to Damingshan National Nature Reserve in Nanning, Guangxi, China, where the species was discovered. We propose “ Damingshan Tree Frog ” as the English common name and “ Dà Míng Shān Xiān Shù Wā “ (大明山纤树蛙) as the Chinese common name.</p><p>Ecology and distribution.</p><p>Gracixalus damingshanensis sp. nov. is currently known only from Damingshan National Nature Reserve, Guangxi, China (Fig. 1). It inhabits evergreen and bamboo forests (Fig. 8 A). All specimens were collected from artificial refugia, specifically, discarded plastic bottles used for monitoring tree frogs (Fig. 8 B). Gelatinous egg masses were observed inside these bottles in March (Fig. 8 C), and males were heard calling at night. Theloderma rhododiscus (Liu &amp; Hu, 1962) was found in the same artificial refugia. The new species occurs sympatrically with Gracixalus gracilipes (Bourret, 1937) .</p><p>Comparisons.</p><p>Suppl. material 2 summarizes the morphological characters used to compare Gracixalus species. Gracixalus damingshanensis sp. nov. differs from G. huaping by the absence of finger webbing (vs. rudimentary webbing), granular throat (vs. smooth), heels not overlapping when thighs are held at right angles to the body (vs. overlapping), absence of a linea masculina (vs. present), eye diameter shorter than snout length (ED / SL = 0.91) (vs. equal), smaller tympanum diameter relative to eye diameter (TD / ED = 0.37 vs. 0.47), and longer snout (4.5 mm vs. 3.2 mm). Morphometrically, the two species also differ significantly in head length (HL) and snout length (SL) (Table 3).</p><p>The new species differs from Gracixalus jinxiuensis by the absence of finger webbing (vs. rudimentary webbing), granular throat (vs. smooth), heels not overlapping when thighs are adpressed at right angles to the body (vs. overlapping), an oval vocal-sac opening with a gray rim (vs. slit-like opening with an immaculate edge) (Fig. 6 C), and head length shorter than head width (HL / HW = 0.91) (vs. nearly equal). Morphometrically, the two species differ significantly in HL, IND, UEW, and SL (Table 3).</p><p>The new species differs from Gracixalus liusanjieae by having a nuptial pad only on Finger I (vs. on Fingers I and II) and a rough, granular throat (vs. relatively smooth throat with barely visible tubercles).</p><p>The new species differs from Gracixalus weii Liu, Peng, Wang, Feng, Shen, Li, Chen, Su &amp; Tang, 2025 by heels not overlapping when thighs are adpressed at right angles to the body (vs. overlapping), absence of lateral fringes on all fingers (vs. narrow lateral fringes present), and an oval snout in dorsal and lateral views (vs. triangular snout).</p><p>The new species further differs from Gracixalus ananjevae (Matsui &amp; Orlov, 2004) in lacking finger webbing (vs. webbing formula I 2‒2 II 2 ‒ lIII 3 ‒ 2.75 IV) and in having white tubercles along the edges of the upper and lower jaws and on limb surfaces (vs. absent); from G. carinensis (Boulenger, 1893) by the presence of conical tubercles on the dorsum (vs. absent); from G. gracilipes by its larger body size (SVL 27.3–32.3 mm vs. 20–24 mm) and nuptial pads only on Finger I (vs. on Fingers I and II); from G. guangdongensis in having a light brown tympanum (vs. a white patch in the temporal region), a grayish throat and belly with light brown spots (vs. creamy white throat and chest, and light brown semi-transparent belly), and a golden brown iris (vs. brown); from G. jinggangensis by nuptial pads only on Finger I (vs. on Fingers I and II); from G. lumarius Rowley, Le, Dau, Hoang &amp; Cao, 2014 in having a distinct supratympanic fold (vs. indistinct) and a rough dorsum scattered with tubercles (vs. dense and distinctive white conical tubercles on the head and back); from G. medogensis (Ye &amp; Hu, 1984) in having a light yellow dorsum (vs. grass green) and a grayish venter with light brown spots (vs. pale green); from G. nonggangensis Mo, Zhang, Luo, Zhou &amp; Chen, 2013 in having a light yellow dorsum (vs. yellowish-olive with a dark-green mark), nuptial pads on Finger I (vs. absent), and a golden brown iris (vs. olive); from G. quangi Rowley, Dau, Nguyen, Cao &amp; Nguyen, 2011 by larger body size (males 27.3–32.3 mm, females 32.4–40.1 mm vs. males 21.4–24.5 mm, females 26.6–27.3 mm), an internal vocal sac (vs. external), and a rounded snout (vs. triangularly pointed); from G. quyeti (Nguyen, Hendrix, Böhme, Vu &amp; Ziegler, 2008) in having the tibiotarsal articulation reaching the eye (vs. reaching the snout), a distinct supratympanic fold (vs. indistinct), and head length shorter than head width (vs. longer than wide); from G. sapaensis Matsui, Ohler, Eto &amp; Nguyen, 2017 by the presence of conical tubercles on the dorsum (vs. smooth dorsum), cream-white tubercles scattered along the upper and lower jaws (vs. absent), and a light yellow dorsum (vs. golden ochre); from G. seesom Matsui, Khonsue, Panha &amp; Eto, 2015 by larger body size (males 27.3–32.3 mm, females 32.4–40.1 mm vs. males 21.6–23.0 mm, females 23.2–25.4 mm), a rounded snout (vs. triangularly pointed), conical tubercles on the dorsum (vs. smooth), and nuptial pads on Finger I (vs. absent); from G. supercornutus (Orlov, Ho &amp; Nguyen, 2004) by larger male body size (SVL 27.3–32.3 mm vs. 22.0– 24.1 mm), a rounded snout (vs. pointed), a light brown tympanum (vs. a white patch in the temporal region), and absence of a tibiotarsal projection (vs. present); from G. tianlinensis Chen, Bei, Liao, Zhou &amp; Mo, 2018 in having an internal vocal sac (vs. external) and nuptial pads only on Finger I (vs. on Fingers I and II); from G. trieng Rowley, Le, Hoang, Cao &amp; Dau, 2020 in smaller male body size (SVL 27.3–32.3 mm vs. 37.2–41.4 mm) and nuptial pads only on Finger I (vs. on Fingers I and II); from G. yunnanensis Yu, Li, Wang, Rao, Wu &amp; Yang, 2019 by an internal vocal sac (vs. external); from G. ziegleri Le, Do, Tran, Nguyen, Orlov, Ninh &amp; Nguyen, 2021 in having the tibiotarsal articulation reaching the eye (vs. reaching the tip of the snout); from G. truongi Tran, Pham, Le, Nguyen, Ziegler &amp; Pham, 2023 by the presence of conical tubercles on the dorsum (vs. smooth dorsum) and a light yellow dorsum (vs. moss green with gray).</p><p>Acoustically, Gracixalus damingshanensis sp. nov. produces complex calls with 2–5 notes per call and up to three harmonics (Table 2; Fig. 3). By contrast, calls of G. huaping contain a single note, whereas those of G. jinxiuensis and G. liusanjieae usually contain two notes. The new species also differs from these three relatives in call duration, call interval, and dominant frequency (Table 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A98114DF38F5FEA99D1660CF9902B4F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Chen, Wei-Cai;Li, Peng	Chen, Wei-Cai, Li, Peng (2026): A new species of Gracixalus (Anura, Rhacophoridae) from Damingshan National Nature Reserve, Guangxi, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 102 (4): 989-1003, DOI: 10.3897/zse.102.186426
