identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
B3DE28E105425E4FBEC7909AF24D5D1C.text	B3DE28E105425E4FBEC7909AF24D5D1C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Semicentenialaceae Rosling, Aime & Kluting 2026	<div><p>Semicentenialaceae Rosling, Aime &amp; Kluting fam. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Similar to Classiculaceae, but terrestrial and lacking tremelloid haustorial cells and Ingoldian conidia.</p><p>Type.</p><p>Semicentenialea Rosling, Aime &amp; Kluting, gen. nov., this paper.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Same as that for Semicenteniales .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B3DE28E105425E4FBEC7909AF24D5D1C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Nogerius, Veera Tuovinen;Sánchez-García, Marisol;Kluting, Kerri;Heinonsalo, Jussi;Ryberg, Martin;Toome, Merje;Haridas, Sajeet;Mondo, Stephen;LaButti, Kurt;Nolan, Matt;Lipzen, Anna;Koriabine, Maxim;Bauer, Diane;Barry, Kerrie;Grigoriev, Igor V.;Aime, M. Catherine;Rosling, Anna	Nogerius, Veera Tuovinen, Sánchez-García, Marisol, Kluting, Kerri, Heinonsalo, Jussi, Ryberg, Martin, Toome, Merje, Haridas, Sajeet, Mondo, Stephen, LaButti, Kurt, Nolan, Matt, Lipzen, Anna, Koriabine, Maxim, Bauer, Diane, Barry, Kerrie, Grigoriev, Igor V., Aime, M. Catherine, Rosling, Anna (2026): Another dark taxon comes to light: Semicentenialomycetes, a new class within the Pucciniomycotina (Basidiomycota), and its first described representative, Semicentenialea rex. IMA Fungus 17: e 189848, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.189848
40124450514C545392F5E007805DB55A.text	40124450514C545392F5E007805DB55A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Semicentenialea rex Rosling, Aime & Kluting 2026	<div><p>Semicentenialea rex Rosling, Aime &amp; Kluting sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2, 3, 4</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>All cultured strains are separated from other taxa, currently known only from eDNA, in the class by ribosomal sequences possessing the following characters in ITS 2: CCTGTTTGAGTGTCATAATAC at position corresponding to bases 181–201 in MH 843997.</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>SWEDEN • Jädraås, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.507&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=60.8145" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.507/lat 60.8145)">Ivantjärnsheden Field Station</a> (60.8145, 16.5070, altitude 185 m), from surface-sterilized root tips of Pinus sylvestris ( Pinaceae), August 2013, H. Urbina HU 4064 (Holotype: UPS collection F-1085350, as dry metabolically inactive culture; ITS = GenBank MH 843997 .</p><p>Ex-type cultures in culture collections.</p><p>CBS 150710 (Netherlands), HU 4064 (PUL, USA), DSM 120069 (DSMZ, Germany), HU 4064 (Rosling lab, Sweden).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Latin, rex, for king, referring to King Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Colonies extending at 0.3–0.4 mm per day at room temperature on modified MMN media. Colonies pale ochre towards the center, becoming lighter and more diffuse near the margin with no reverse color when grown for eight weeks at ambient room temperature (Fig. 2 A). Towards the center, colonies appearing opaque, damp, slightly glistening, leathery to slightly wrinkly, and slightly raised from the agar; producing aerial mycelium occasionally. Margin somewhat irregular, appearing more filamentous, more effuse, translucent, and slightly submerged. Hyphae hyaline, septate, producing clamp connections (Fig. 2 B – D, Suppl. materials 2, 3: movies S 1, S 2); primarily binucleate, but occasionally multi-nucleate (Fig. 2 C, D, Suppl. material 1: fig. S 3, Suppl. materials 2, 3: movies S 1, S 2), 1–1.5 mm in diameter; producing no detectable odors.</p><p>Hyphae producing three types of swellings: basidium-like cells (hereinafter BLC), intercalary inflated cells, and probasidium / teliospore-like cells (hereinafter TLC) (Fig. 2 D, Suppl. material 1: fig. S 5), all often occurring simultaneously on a small area of the culture. BLCs obovoid, thin-walled, emerging directly or on a short stalk from generative hyphae, subtended by a clamp connection (Fig. 3 A – L, Suppl. material 1: fig. S 4 A – D, F – H), with two nuclei in the obovoid cell, giving rise to a lateral cell with one nucleus (Fig. 3 G – K). The obovoid BLC sometimes with a ring with a strong calcofluor white staining, indicating a possible separation of the cell to two in later developmental phases (Fig. 3 G – H). Four nuclei occurring in a putatively initial phase of the BLC formation (Fig. 3 L). The obovoid BLCs occasionally arising from TLCs (Fig. 3 H, Suppl. material 4: movie S 3).</p><p>Intercalary inflated cells typically separated by a septum on either side, sometimes with budding structures near the septa (Fig. 4 A – D, Suppl. material 1: fig. S 5). TLCs globose, thick-walled (Fig. 4 E – S, Suppl. material 1: figs S 5, S 6, Suppl. material 5: movie S 4), especially frequent in the older parts of the culture, but also present intermixed with the BLC cells close to the growth edge. A spore-like cell developing inside TLCs with two or three nuclei (Fig. 4 F – K), being released when the TLC cell walls degrade (Fig. 4 K, N). Inside the TLCs, spot-like structures stain strongly with calcofluor white, which we interpret as being related to the early stage of the cell wall development of the spore-like cells (Fig. 4 M). TLCs frequently giving rise to a lateral cell with one nucleus (Fig. 4 I, J, Suppl. material 1: fig. S 3 B). TLCs detaching from the hyphae and germinating (Fig. 4 N – U), producing knobby promycelial-like hyphae (Fig. 4 U).</p><p>Habitat and distribution.</p><p>Associated with roots of Pinus sylvestris, but environmental sequences captured by SH 1268087.09 FU indicate that the species also occurs in soils where other potential host plants dominate. Near global distribution based on eDNA sequences captured by SH 1268087.09 FU with records from North America, South America, Australia, Asia and Europe.</p><p>Additional material examined.</p><p>SWEDEN • Jädraås, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.507&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=60.8145" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.507/lat 60.8145)">Ivantjärnsheden Field Station</a> (60.8145, 16.5070, altitude 185 m), surface sterilized root tips of Pinus sylvestris ( Pinaceae), August 2013, H. Urbina HU 4068 (PUL culture collection; ITS = GenBank PQ 270019), H. Urbina HU 4069 (PUL culture collection; ITS = GenBank MH 844000); HU 4107 (PUL culture collection; ITS = GenBank MH 844024); HU 4147 (PUL culture collection; ITS = GenBank MH 844045) . FINLAND. Hyytiälä Forest station, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.26&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=61.84" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.26/lat 61.84)">Mämmilampi site</a> (61.8400, 24.2600, altitude 180 m), surface sterilized root tips of Pinus sylvestris ( Pinaceae), summer 2002 J. Heinonsalo JH 144 (HAMBI Culture Collection, ITS = GenBank LK 052815) , <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=27.07&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=62.37" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 27.07/lat 62.37)">Scots pine forest near Pieksamäki</a> (62.3700, 27.0700, altitude 120 m) surface sterilized root tips of Pinus sylvestris ( Pinaceae), autumn 2008 J. Heinonsalo JH 169 (HAMBI Culture Collection, ITS = GenBank LK 052826) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Semicentenialea rex sp. nov. represents the first named species of what has previously been known as ‘ Clade GS 25 ’ (Tedersoo et al. 2017). There are currently no formally described species closely related to S. rex sp. nov. The closest described relatives to S. rex sp. nov. belong to other classes within the Pucciniomycotina (Basidiomycota), most likely within the Classiculomycetes . Several cultures representing the species were captured from root tips at the sampled location at Ivantjärnsheden Field Station, Jädraås, Sweden. Two additional cultures were obtained from ectomycorrhizal roots of P. sylvestris in central Finland. The species corresponds to the UNITE SH 1268087.09 FU (https://doi.org/10.15156/BIO/SH1268087.09FU) with over 2600 environmental ITS sequences. The species is by far the most frequently recovered USH of the lineage as captured by TH 069974.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/40124450514C545392F5E007805DB55A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Nogerius, Veera Tuovinen;Sánchez-García, Marisol;Kluting, Kerri;Heinonsalo, Jussi;Ryberg, Martin;Toome, Merje;Haridas, Sajeet;Mondo, Stephen;LaButti, Kurt;Nolan, Matt;Lipzen, Anna;Koriabine, Maxim;Bauer, Diane;Barry, Kerrie;Grigoriev, Igor V.;Aime, M. Catherine;Rosling, Anna	Nogerius, Veera Tuovinen, Sánchez-García, Marisol, Kluting, Kerri, Heinonsalo, Jussi, Ryberg, Martin, Toome, Merje, Haridas, Sajeet, Mondo, Stephen, LaButti, Kurt, Nolan, Matt, Lipzen, Anna, Koriabine, Maxim, Bauer, Diane, Barry, Kerrie, Grigoriev, Igor V., Aime, M. Catherine, Rosling, Anna (2026): Another dark taxon comes to light: Semicentenialomycetes, a new class within the Pucciniomycotina (Basidiomycota), and its first described representative, Semicentenialea rex. IMA Fungus 17: e 189848, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.189848
358F35BFE5745BE3976C3C789DA886C6.text	358F35BFE5745BE3976C3C789DA886C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Semicentenialea Rosling, Aime & Kluting 2026	<div><p>Semicentenialea Rosling, Aime &amp; Kluting gen. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Dimorphic, hyaline, dikaryotic fungi lacking fruiting bodies, tremelloid haustorial cells and Ingoldian conidia.</p><p>Type.</p><p>Semicentenialea rex sp. nov. Rosling, Aime &amp; Kluting, this paper.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Latin for semicentennial, or fifty-year anniversary, in honor of the golden jubilee of Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden. Throughout his reign, King Carl XVI Gustaf has worked tirelessly for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of natural resources, especially within boreal forest ecosystems.</p><p>Description.</p><p>In culture, hyphae hyaline, septate, clamped, giving rise to obovoid thin-walled basidium-like cells and probasidium-like cells. Also producing intercalary chlamydospore-like swellings, demarcated by septa.</p><p>Habitat and distribution.</p><p>Associated with roots of Pinus sylvestris in illuvial mineral soil layers of a Podzol profile. The genus (as estimated by UNITE TH 069974) has a broad geographic distribution and has been detected as environmental DNA sequences primarily in soils from North America, South America, Australia, Asia and Europe.</p><p>Note.</p><p>Semicentenialea is erected to accommodate the new species Semicentenialea rex sp. nov. as the first representative of the lineage of unidentified fungi previously referred to as ‘ Clade GS 25 ’ (Tedersoo et al. 2017) and currently recognized in the UNITE database as TH 069974 (https://doi.org/10.15156/BIO/TH069974). The eDNA records in UNITE vs. 9 indicate that there are likely at least three species in the genus, although thus far only S. rex sp. nov. has been recovered in culture.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/358F35BFE5745BE3976C3C789DA886C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Nogerius, Veera Tuovinen;Sánchez-García, Marisol;Kluting, Kerri;Heinonsalo, Jussi;Ryberg, Martin;Toome, Merje;Haridas, Sajeet;Mondo, Stephen;LaButti, Kurt;Nolan, Matt;Lipzen, Anna;Koriabine, Maxim;Bauer, Diane;Barry, Kerrie;Grigoriev, Igor V.;Aime, M. Catherine;Rosling, Anna	Nogerius, Veera Tuovinen, Sánchez-García, Marisol, Kluting, Kerri, Heinonsalo, Jussi, Ryberg, Martin, Toome, Merje, Haridas, Sajeet, Mondo, Stephen, LaButti, Kurt, Nolan, Matt, Lipzen, Anna, Koriabine, Maxim, Bauer, Diane, Barry, Kerrie, Grigoriev, Igor V., Aime, M. Catherine, Rosling, Anna (2026): Another dark taxon comes to light: Semicentenialomycetes, a new class within the Pucciniomycotina (Basidiomycota), and its first described representative, Semicentenialea rex. IMA Fungus 17: e 189848, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.189848
7CBD607D5D51573C9C3584DEE858FC3E.text	7CBD607D5D51573C9C3584DEE858FC3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Semicenteniales Rosling, Aime & Kluting 2026	<div><p>Semicenteniales Rosling, Aime &amp; Kluting ord. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Similar to Classiculales but terrestrial and lacking tremelloid haustorial cells and Ingoldian conidia.</p><p>Type.</p><p>Semicentenialaceae Rosling, Aime &amp; Kluting, fam. nov., this paper.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Same as that for Semicentenialomycetes .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7CBD607D5D51573C9C3584DEE858FC3E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Nogerius, Veera Tuovinen;Sánchez-García, Marisol;Kluting, Kerri;Heinonsalo, Jussi;Ryberg, Martin;Toome, Merje;Haridas, Sajeet;Mondo, Stephen;LaButti, Kurt;Nolan, Matt;Lipzen, Anna;Koriabine, Maxim;Bauer, Diane;Barry, Kerrie;Grigoriev, Igor V.;Aime, M. Catherine;Rosling, Anna	Nogerius, Veera Tuovinen, Sánchez-García, Marisol, Kluting, Kerri, Heinonsalo, Jussi, Ryberg, Martin, Toome, Merje, Haridas, Sajeet, Mondo, Stephen, LaButti, Kurt, Nolan, Matt, Lipzen, Anna, Koriabine, Maxim, Bauer, Diane, Barry, Kerrie, Grigoriev, Igor V., Aime, M. Catherine, Rosling, Anna (2026): Another dark taxon comes to light: Semicentenialomycetes, a new class within the Pucciniomycotina (Basidiomycota), and its first described representative, Semicentenialea rex. IMA Fungus 17: e 189848, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.189848
B14E944E8C575C85BE183153E58B9187.text	B14E944E8C575C85BE183153E58B9187.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Semicentenialomycetes Rosling, Aime & Kluting 2026	<div><p>Semicentenialomycetes Rosling, Aime &amp; Kluting class. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Members of Pucciniomycotina, similar to Classiculomycetes but lacking tremelloid haustorial cells and Ingoldian conidia, and found in soils.</p><p>Type.</p><p>Semicenteniales Rosling, Aime &amp; Kluting, ord. nov., this paper</p><p>Description.</p><p>Dikaryotic hyphal fungi, lacking conspicuous fruiting bodies or pigmentation.</p><p>Distribution and ecology.</p><p>Found in soils worldwide.</p><p>Note.</p><p>This class was erected to accommodate the species Semicentenialea rex sp. nov. and encompass the lineage of unidentified fungi referred to as ‘ Clade GS 25 ’ (Tedersoo et al. 2017). Classiculomycetes is the closest known related lineage to Semicentenialomycetes, and the two are morphologically and ecologically distinct. Species within Classiculomycetes do not exhibit a yeast form, they have tremelloid haustorial cells and possess conidia that have two, three, or four long subapical appendages (Marvanová and Bandoni 1987; Bauer et al. 2003; Aime et al. 2014; Qiao et al. 2018). Of the three known species, only in C. fluitans a sexual stage has been observed on the water surface and basidia have characteristically subapically swollen sterigmata (Aime et al. 2014). Both filamentous and yeast forms could be observed in Semicentenialea rex sp. nov. and neither tremelloid haustorial cells nor multi-radiate conidia were observed. Further, basidium-like cells that lacked subapically swollen sterigmata could be observed. Ecologically, the Classiculomycetes is associated with aquatic habitats (Bauer et al. 2003; Aime et al. 2006), particularly leaf litter in freshwater habitats (Aime et al. 2014; Qiao et al. 2018), whereas Semicentenialomycetes has been isolated from root tips and detected as DNA sequences in soil samples from around the globe (Tedersoo et al. 2014, 2017).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B14E944E8C575C85BE183153E58B9187	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Nogerius, Veera Tuovinen;Sánchez-García, Marisol;Kluting, Kerri;Heinonsalo, Jussi;Ryberg, Martin;Toome, Merje;Haridas, Sajeet;Mondo, Stephen;LaButti, Kurt;Nolan, Matt;Lipzen, Anna;Koriabine, Maxim;Bauer, Diane;Barry, Kerrie;Grigoriev, Igor V.;Aime, M. Catherine;Rosling, Anna	Nogerius, Veera Tuovinen, Sánchez-García, Marisol, Kluting, Kerri, Heinonsalo, Jussi, Ryberg, Martin, Toome, Merje, Haridas, Sajeet, Mondo, Stephen, LaButti, Kurt, Nolan, Matt, Lipzen, Anna, Koriabine, Maxim, Bauer, Diane, Barry, Kerrie, Grigoriev, Igor V., Aime, M. Catherine, Rosling, Anna (2026): Another dark taxon comes to light: Semicentenialomycetes, a new class within the Pucciniomycotina (Basidiomycota), and its first described representative, Semicentenialea rex. IMA Fungus 17: e 189848, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.189848
