identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
27B83D5A8CDF5AEC8CBC801E9688B4D6.text	27B83D5A8CDF5AEC8CBC801E9688B4D6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alisea J. Dupont & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Alisea J. Dupont &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycol. Res. 113 (12): 1358 (2009)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose, coriaceous, black, superficial, solitary or gregarious, with long periphysate necks. Peridium thick, outer layer composed of polygonal cells; inner layer with flattened cells. Asci eight spored, clavate, long pedunculate, thin-walled except for the thick-walled apex, unitunicate, persistent to deliquescing. Ascospores fusiform, slightly curved, one-septate, thick-walled, hyaline, appendages not observed. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Alisea longicolla J. Dupont &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycol. Res. 113 (12): 1358 (2009).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Phylogenetic placement of Alisea within Halosphaeriaceae has been confirmed by phylogenetic analyses of combined 18 S and 28 S rDNA data (Dupont et al. 2009). Alisea grouped as a distinct lineage apart from other genera within Halosphaeriaceae in different studies (Dupont et al. 2009; Sakayaroj et al. 2011; Jones et al. 2015) but with weak support. In our study the two strains of A. longicolla form a highly supported clade with genera in the Saagaromyces and Praelongicaulis clades (Fig. 4).</p><p>This genus is saprobic on wood recovered from the deep sea (Dupont et al. 2009; Nagano et al. 2019), and could be an interesting taxon to investigate wood-degrading enzymes, as they degraded sunken wood in a very different environment from terrestrial habitats (Nagano et al. 2019).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Two strains of A. longicolla formed a well-supported clade in the Halosphaeriaceae and is ecologically and morphologically distinct from other genera in the family (Fig. 4). Divergence-time estimates indicate that Alisea separated from its closest relatives in the early Cenozoic, around ~ 15.6 MYA (95 % CI: 0–54 MYA) (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/27B83D5A8CDF5AEC8CBC801E9688B4D6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
303C9C20277A59FC8060C867AEA84424.text	303C9C20277A59FC8060C867AEA84424.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alisea longicolla J. Dupont & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Alisea longicolla J. Dupont &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycol. Res. 113 (12): 1358 (2009)</p><p>Figs 7, 8</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 600–850 μm diam., globose to obpyriform, coriaceous, black, superficial, solitary or gregarious, carbonaceous. Necks central, 240–250 mm wide, 200–600 μm long, cylindrical to conical, periphysate. Peridium 100 μm thick, two layered; outer layer composed of polygonal cells, dark brown; inner layer with flattened, lighter cells. Asci 40–50 × 16–20 μm, 8 - spored, clavate, long pedunculate, thin-walled except for the thick-walled apex, unitunicate, persistent. Ascospores 30–40 × 3–4 μm, fusiform, slightly curved, one-septate, thick-walled, hyaline. Asci and ascospore characters as described by Dupont et al. (2009) and Nagano et al. (2019). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Vanuatu Islands, • Pacific Ocean, from wood twigs submerged in sea, 2005, J. Dupont, PC 0115840 holotype .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Alisea longicolla was originally described as a new deep sea inhabiting ascomycete associated with sunken wood collected at 630–791 m water depths (Dupont et al. 2009) while, further evidence was provided by Nagano et al. (2019) to support that A. longicolla as an endemic deep-sea fungus. Alisea longicolla is an interesting taxon within Halosphaeriaceae due to its specific habitat, the deep sea. However, no distinct morphological adaptation to deep sea living style has been observed in this species, but the peridium wall is considered thick among members of the family. The holotype of Alisea longicolla was examined but lacked asci and ascospores.</p><p>Nagano et al. (2019) opined that genome analysis of A. longicolla may provide new insights into the ecology of the organism and would be interesting to reveal how the Halosphaeriaceae evolved from terrestrial species and how A. longicolla evolved to adapt to deep-sea environments.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Vanuatu Islands, Japan, Northwest Pacific Ocean.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/303C9C20277A59FC8060C867AEA84424	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
13C25FEBCE9F5D34BBF1002EA0CD816F.text	13C25FEBCE9F5D34BBF1002EA0CD816F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amphitrite annulata S. Tibell	<div><p>Amphitrite annulata S. Tibell, Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift 37 (2): 45 (2016)</p><p>Fig. 9</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood in marine habitat. Sexual morph. Ascomata 140–195 μm in diam., globose to subpyriform, superficial, black, solitary, ostiolate. Ostiole central. Peridium 15–20 μm thick, consisting of an inner 5–7 layers of strongly flattened, hyaline, thick-walled concentrically arranged cells and the outermost, 1–2 layers of black, elongated hyphae that connect with a dark surrounding tissue reaching into the substrate, surrounding tissue consisting of branched and intertwined hyphae. Paraphyses hyaline, aseptate, branched. Asci 52–68 × 16–19 μm, 8 - spored, thin-walled, ellipsoidal, pedicellate, 2–3 - seriate. Ascospores 18–21 × 5.5–8 μm, ellipsoid, 1 - septate, hyaline, comprising a ring-like light refractive collar, which encloses the spore at the septum, with two apical appendages at both ends. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Sweden, • Bohuslän, Skaftö, Kristineberg, (S) W side of Blåbärsholmen, on driftwood (oak) in a dark crevice 20–30 cm above mean water level, 1955 July 04, Santesson, (UPS 10870, holotype) on wooden panels submerged for circa 1 year .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species is saprobic on driftwood (oak) trapped in a crevice, 20–30 cm above mean water level (Tibell 2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13C25FEBCE9F5D34BBF1002EA0CD816F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
499C8E542C655B1EAF1757D69A8CC295.text	499C8E542C655B1EAF1757D69A8CC295.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amphitrite S. Tibell	<div><p>Amphitrite S. Tibell, Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift 37 (2): 45 (2016)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on driftwood (oak). Sexual morph. Ascomata globose to subpyriform, superficial, black, solitary, ostiolate. Ostiole central. Peridium consisting of an inner 5–7 layers of strongly flattened, hyaline, thick-walled concentrically arranged cells and the outermost, 1–2 layers of black, elongated hyphae that connect with a dark surrounding tissue reaching into the substrate, surrounding tissue consisting of branched and intertwined hyphae. Paraphyses hyaline, aseptate, branched. Asci 8 - spored, thin-walled, ellipsoidal, pedicellate, 2–3 - seriate. Ascospores ellipsoid, 1 - septate, hyaline, comprising a ring-like, light refractive collar, which encloses the spore at the septum, with two apical appendages at both ends. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Amphitrite annulata S. Tibell, Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift 37 (2): 45 (2016).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Amphitrite shares similar morphology to the genus Ondiniella (Jones et al. 1984; Tibell 2016). To further confirm the uniqueness of this genus from the rest of genera in the Halosphaeriaceae, morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic data from fresh collections are required. According to our morphological observations of the holotype of A. annulata, the genus superficially looks similar to Ondiniella . We observed a ring-like, light refractive collar (Fig. 9 k – m), which encloses the spore at the septum as well as two apical appendages at both poles. We do not propose synonymizing the genus under Ondiniella until fresh material becomes available for sequencing.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Fresh collections, isolation and sequencing of this genus are urgently required to resolve its taxonomic position in the Halosphaeriaceae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/499C8E542C655B1EAF1757D69A8CC295	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
5A3B26AFDF35532393A9204353F7DD4A.text	5A3B26AFDF35532393A9204353F7DD4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aniptodera chesapeakensis Shearer & M. A. Mill.	<div><p>Aniptodera chesapeakensis Shearer &amp; M. A. Mill., Mycologia 69 (5): 894 (1977)</p><p>Fig. 10</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in aquatic habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata 350–540 µm high, 175–300 µm diam., globose to subglobose, hyaline, greyish brown to dark brown, membranous, superficial or partially immersed, ostiolate. Necks 100–150 µm long, 40–90 µm diam., apical or subapical portion of the neck becoming dark, forming a ring around the neck, periphysate. Peridium two-layered, 10–20 µm diam. with an outer layer of cells of textura angularis and inner layer of elongate cells. Asci 70–125 × 15–25 µm, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate, deliquescing at maturity, with an apical pore, plasmalemma retracted below the apex, short pedicel. Catenophyses present. Ascospores 15–25 × 7–10 µm, hyaline, ellipsoidal, thick-walled, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, appendaged or not. Appendages bipolar, thin, hamate extending over the mid-septum, unfurling into fine threads in water. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>India, • Tamil Nadu, Tiruvarur, Muthupet mangroves (10.4°N, 79.5°E), on decaying wood of Avicennia marina ( Acanthaceae), 28 April 2015, B. Devadatha (AMH- 10009, holotype).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The appendage structure and development of A. chesapeakensis has not clearly been clarified (Farrant 1986) as it has been reported with and without polar appendages and molecular data is required to determine if this constitutes one taxon (Shearer 1989). However, it is unknown if the isolate of A. chesapeakensis in the GenBank was with unfurling appendages (Jones et al. 2017). This species is characterized by pyriform to subglobose ascomata, ostiolate, papillate, hyaline to light brown, catenophyses present, asci clavate to cylindrical, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, with a refractive pore or plug-like structure at the apex, with a retracting plasmalemma subapically, persistent asci, ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, hyaline, thick-walled, longer than 35 μm (Shearer and Miller 1977). Ascospores are released from the asci through a fissure made at the refractive pore or plug-like structure (Hyde 1990 c).</p><p>Aniptodera intermedia has the shortest asci in this genus (46–62 × 16–19 μm) and smallest ascospores (10.5–13 × 7–8 μm), while Aniptodera megaloascocarpa differs distinctly from all other Aniptodera species with the largest ascomata (1060–1360 × 430–530 μm) (Raja and Shearer 2008). Aniptodera margarition and A. mangrovei lack any apical thickening of the ascus while the subapical retraction of cytoplasm of the former also lacks a distinguishable apical pore characteristic of all Aniptodera species (Shearer 1989). Aniptodera triseptata is the only species with 3 - septate ascospores in the genus (Hyde 2002). Aniptodera aquibella differs from other species in the genus by conspicuous differences in the size and shape of asci (60–110 × 25–45 μm) and ascospores (25–30 × 7–10 μm) (Li et al. 2016). Further, Aniptodera mangrovei is described as having an apical ring with a pore at the ascus apex and appendaged ascospores (Hyde et al. 1986), but their morphology differs from those of A. salsuginosa and A. chesapeakensis . This species also differs from the latter two taxa by lacking cytoplasmic retraction in the subapical region of ascus (Hyde et al. 1986; Hyde 1992 c). Aniptodera limnetica and A. fusiformis have non-appendaged ascospores, though these two species have similar ascus structure to that of A. salsuginosa and A. chesapeakensis (Shearer 1989; Hyde 1990 c). Aniptodera margarition is different from all other Aniptodera species in that it lacks an apical apparatus and apical pore in the asci (Nakagiri and Ito 1994). However, concentric undulation of the apical disc is found only in A. salsuginosa and ascospore discharge through the fissure between the apical disc and ascus wall is unique to the species. Forcible ejection of ascospores through the apical pore has been recorded for A. chesapeakensis (Farrant 1986) and the nonfunctional apical pore in the ascus of A. salsuginosa may indicate that this fungus was derived from a terrestrial origin (Nakagiri and Ito 1994).</p><p>Jones et al. (2017) reported that A. lignatilis and A. longispora are distantly positioned from A. chesapeakensis based on the combined 28 S and 18 S rDNA phylogenetic analyses and referred them to the new genera Aniptosporopsis and Paraaniptodera, respectively (Li et al. 2016; Jones et al. 2017). Furthermore, A. chesapeakensis and A. aquibella do not group in a single clade (Li et al. 2016; Jones et al. 2017) and this is supported by our combined phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). However, further taxon sampling and extended sequence data are required to confirm true Aniptodera species among the currently described nineteen taxa.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Andaman Island, Australia, Belize, Brunei, China, Egypt, England, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Panama, Philippines, Portugal, Seychelles, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, USA, and Venezuela (https://www.marinefungi.org).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A3B26AFDF35532393A9204353F7DD4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
A4DB4C795943592A917D8F87E0929774.text	A4DB4C795943592A917D8F87E0929774.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aniptodera Shearer & M. A. Mill.	<div><p>Aniptodera Shearer &amp; M. A. Mill., Mycologia 69 (5): 893 (1977)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged woody substrates in marine and freshwater habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata perithecial, superficial or partially immersed, globose to subglobose, hyaline or greyish brown to dark brown, membranous, ostiolate, neck elongated, cylindrical, apical or subapical portion of the neck becoming dark, forming a ring around the neck, periphysate. Peridium two-layered, outer layer of cells of textura angularis and inner layer of elongate cells. Paraphyses absent. Catenophyses wide, sparse, hyaline, consisting of elongated cells, septate, slightly constricted at the septa. Asci 8 - spored, in hymenium at base of perithecium, clavate, or becoming balloon-shaped or swollen, unitunicate, wall thickened, plasmalemma retracted below the apex, apically truncate, with a J- apical thickening or with an apical pore, with a short pedicel, asci deliquescing at maturity. Ascospores hyaline, 2–3 - seriate, ellipsoidal, euseptate or 1–2 septate, not constricted or slightly constricted at the septum, thick-walled, guttulate, with or without appendages or with indistinct appendages. Where they occur, appendages are bipolar, thin, hamate, filamentous, cylindrical to conical, extending over the mid-septum, unfurling into fine threads in water, long or short. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Aniptodera chesapeakensis Shearer &amp; M. A. Mill., Mycologia 69 (5): 894 (1977).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Sixteen marine, brackish water and freshwater species are included in Aniptodera, and they are commonly found in the tropics and temperate waters as saprobes (Jones et al. 2017). Aniptodera species have been reported from decomposing mangrove wood such as Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Nakagiri 1994), and other substrates in the sea, balsa wood, Juncus roemerianus, Nypa fruticans, Populus deltoides, Platanus occidentalis, and Raphia australis submerged in freshwater habitats (Shearer 1972; Shearer and Miller 1977; Hyde et al. 1999 a; Li et al. 2016; Jones et al. 2017). Aniptodera chesapeakensis has been shown to cause soft rot decay of wood (Jones 1972, 1975; Mouzouras 1986).</p><p>The genus was referred to the Halosphaeriaceae by Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer (1979) and this was confirmed by sequence data (Sakayaroj et al. 2011). Aniptodera ( A. chesapeakensis) is most similar to Lignincola ( L. laevis) and Nais ( N. inornata) which produce two-celled ascospores lacking appendages (Shearer 1972; Jones et al. 2017). This was supported by our phylogenetic studies where A. chesapeakensis grouped as a sister taxon to Nais inornata (Fig. 4). However, A. chesapeakensis is distinctly different from both L. laevis and N. inornata in perithecial pigmentation, ascus morphology and structure and ascospore wall structure (Jones et al. 2017). Ascomata of L. laevis and N. inornata can be light brown, but often blackish while those of A. chesapeakensis are always hyaline with or without some darkening of the neck (Jones et al. 2017). In addition, asci of L. laevis are thin-walled and lack an apical pore, while A. chesapeakensis are thick-walled and with an apical pore and retraction of plasmalemma (Shearer and Miller 1977; Sakayaroj et al. 2011). Sakayaroj et al. (2011) and Jones et al. (2017) demonstrated that the genus is polyphyletic and later species were referred to new taxa e. g. Aniptosporopsis and Paraaniptodera (Jones et al. 2017).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Sequence data of 28 S and 18 S rDNA are available for four species: A. aquibella, A. chesapeakensis, A. limnetica and A. salsuginosa (Shearer 1989; Nakagiri and Ito 1994; Volkmann-Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1994; Li et al. 2016; Jones et al. 2017), and is only available for the holotype of one species ( A. aquibella), not for the type species. In this study, A. aquibella, A. limnetica and A. salsuginosa were found to be phylogenetically unrelated to the type species A. chesapeakensis (Fig. 4), therefore, new genera, Sheareromyces, Pangia and Shiiraspora, are introduced to accommodate these three species in this study, respectively.</p><p>The great morphological variability of taxa assigned to Aniptodera as stated above, and Nakagiri and Ito (1994), indicates that the genus is weakly delineated and that further taxa may be excluded from the genus. Confusion as to whether the type species has or lacks polar appendages contributes to this. Clearly all taxa assigned to the genus require recollection, isolation and sequencing, before they can be accepted in the Halosphaeriaceae . Our time-calibrated phylogeny further supports this view, showing that the split between Aniptodera and Shiiraspora dates back to ~ 301 MYA (95 % CI: 123–735 MYA), highlighting their long independent evolutionary histories (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A4DB4C795943592A917D8F87E0929774	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
9414485F046C5BDBBF7DE93421FDE263.text	9414485F046C5BDBBF7DE93421FDE263.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aniptosporopsis K. L. Pang, C. L. Lu, W. T. Ju & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Aniptosporopsis K. L. Pang, C. L. Lu, W. T. Ju &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Bot. Mar. 60 (4): 459 (2017)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in freshwater habitats and mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose, subglobose to occasionally pyriform, hyaline to cream colored, membranous, immersed to semi-immersed, becoming superficial, solitary or gregarious, ostiolate. Necks light colored, periphysate. Peridium composed of 3–6 layers of thick-walled elongate cells. Catenophyses present. Asci unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate, persistent with a flattened apex and an indistinct apical pore, plasmalemma retracted below the apex, pedicellate. Ascospores hyaline, fusiform, thick-walled, septate, not constricted at the septum, appendaged. Appendages bipolar, initially hamate extending over the central septum, unfurling to form fine threads in water. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Aniptosporopsis lignatilis (K. D. Hyde) K. L. Pang, C. L. Lu, W. T. Ju &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Bot. Mar. 60 (4): 459 (2017).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Campbell et al. (2003) first obtained the sequence data for A. lignatilis only for the 28 S rDNA locus. It grouped in the same clade with Aniptodera chesapeakensis but as a distinct basal lineage and this was supported by Sakayaroj et al. (2011). Subsequently, Jones et al. (2017) showed that A. lignatilis grouped adjacent to Aniptodera chesapeakensis but as a separate lineage. In the phylograms of Campbell et al. (2003), Sakayaroj et al. (2011) and Jones et al. (2017), this species did not group with the type species of Aniptodera, but formed a sister clade to a clade comprising Okeanomyces cucullatus, Aniptodera chesapeakensis, Aniptodera aquibella, Naïs inornata, Ascosacculus aquaticus and Thalespora appendiculata, a group with few morphological features in common with A. lignatilis . Jones et al. (2017) established the genus Aniptosporopsis to accommodate Aniptodera lignatilis . In our phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4) Aniptosporopsis lignatilis grouped with two strains of Ascoglobospora marina, and was distantly placed from the type species of Aniptodera chesapeakensis .</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Aniptosporopsis is a well-established monotypic genus in the Halosphaeriaceae, which represents an independent lineage that diverged from its closest relatives during the mid-Cretaceous to Cenozoic (~ 36.7 MYA, 95 % CI: 11.7–114.8 MYA), supporting its recognition as a distinct genus (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9414485F046C5BDBBF7DE93421FDE263	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
2542A110FDC45489B4F2396237943903.text	2542A110FDC45489B4F2396237943903.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aniptosporopsis lignatilis (K. D. Hyde) K. L. Pang, C. L. Lu, W. T. Ju & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Aniptosporopsis lignatilis (K. D. Hyde) K. L. Pang, C. L. Lu, W. T. Ju &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Bot. Mar. 60 (4): 459 (2017)</p><p>Aniptodera lignatilis K. D. Hyde, Austral. Syst. Bot. 5: 111 (1992). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in freshwater habitats and mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 225–400 μm high, 160–350 μm diam., globose, subglobose to occasionally pyriform, hyaline to cream colored, membranous, immersed to semi-immersed, becoming superficial, solitary or gregarious, ostiolate. Necks light-colored, periphysate. Peridium 18–23 μm thick, 3–6 layers of thick-walled elongate cells. Catenophyses present. Asci 128–171 × 28–40 μm, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate, long pedicellate, persistent with a flattened apex and an indistinct apical pore, plasmalemma retracted below the apex, pedicellate. Ascospores 33–55 × 12–17 μm, hyaline, fusiform, thick-walled, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, appendaged, bipolar, initially hamate extending over the central septum, unfurling to form fine threads in water. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Australia, • Atherton Tablelands, Millaa Falls, on submerged log in freshwater, 1990, K. D. Hyde, BRIP 17156.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Aniptosporopsis lignatilis is a saprobe occurring on submerged wood in freshwater habitats and on mangrove wood (Hyde 1992 a; Pang et al. 2011 b; Jones et al. 2017). This species is widely distributed with records from Australia, Hong Kong, Macau, Malaysia, Mauritius, Philippines, Seychelles, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, and USA (https://www.marinefungi.org, https://www.freshwaterfungi.org).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2542A110FDC45489B4F2396237943903	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
95C3B02EA79B5528B01FDD1D4E2FD6A1.text	95C3B02EA79B5528B01FDD1D4E2FD6A1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anisostagma K. R. L. Petersen & Jorg. Koch 1996	<div><p>Anisostagma K. R. L. Petersen &amp; Jørg. Koch, Mycol. Res. 100: 209 (1996)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on oak ( Quercus sp.) wood tidal water region. Sexual morph. Ascomata single or gregarious, globose to broadly ellipsoidal, immersed to partly immersed, ostiolate with a neck, periphysate, cream-colored to light-brown. Peridium 2 - layered, outer layer forming a textura angularis. Catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, thin-walled, unitunicate, without an apical apparatus, early deliquescing, developing from a small cushion at the base of the ascoma venter. Ascospores globose to ellipsoidal, aseptate, hyaline, with one large globule surrounded by numerous droplets, without appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Anisostagma rotundatum K. R. L. Petersen &amp; Jørg. Koch, Mycol. Res. 100: 211 (1996).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Anisostagma was assigned to the Halosphaeriaceae (Müller and von Arx 1962; Kohlmeyer 1972) because of the early deliquescing, thin-walled asci, the presence of catenophyses and the occurrence in the marine environment. Peridium of Anisostagma is composed of two-layers and asci do not have an apical apparatus. Further, Anisostagma has spherical-ellipsoidal ascospores which are hyaline and contain one large globule surrounded by small droplets and no appendages or sheaths at the light microscope level (Petersen and Koch 1996). Anisostagma is saprobic on oak ( Quercus sp.) wood in the tidal zone (Petersen and Koch 1996).</p><p>This genus currently comprises a single species Anisostagma rotundatum and is only known from Denmark (Petersen and Koch 1996) and is the only record on this taxon hence, this species seems to be rare in the environment.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>As there are no cultures or sequence data available for the type material, recollection, isolation and sequencing is required to firmly place this taxon in the Halosphaeriaceae . Anisostagma rotundatum is accepted in the Halosphaeriaceae on its morphological features (Jones et al. 2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/95C3B02EA79B5528B01FDD1D4E2FD6A1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
033DD7016B1C5AFA8926A79AF1B62E03.text	033DD7016B1C5AFA8926A79AF1B62E03.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anisostagma rotundatum K. R. L. Petersen & Jorg. Koch	<div><p>Anisostagma rotundatum K. R. L. Petersen &amp; Jørg. Koch, Mycol. Res. 100: 211 (1996)</p><p>Fig. 11</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood in marine habitat. Sexual morph. Ascomata 230–300 × 180–260 µm, solitary or gregarious, globose to broadly ellipsoidal, immersed or partly immersed, coriaceous, light brown, ostiolate with a long neck. Peridium 35–48 µm thick, 2 - layered, inner layer composed of flattened thin-walled cells, outer cells forming a textura angularis. Necks 250–370 × 40–66 µm, cylindrical. Catenophyses septate with slightly swollen end cells. Asci 90–120 × 30–42 µm, 8 - spored, pedunculate, clavate, unitunicate, thin-walled, early deliquescing, without an apical apparatus, developing from a small cushion at the base of the ascoma venter. Ascospores 18–22 × 14–20 µm, one-celled, globose to ellipsoidal, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, without appendages or gelatinous sheaths, with one large globule surrounded by numerous droplets most prominent at the poles. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Denmark, • Copenhagen, Svanemollen Harbour, From mooring posts of oak, Aug. 1993, K. R. L. Petersen, C-F-69309, 9 micro slides from isotype .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Anisostagma rotundatum was isolated on wood discs removed from mooring posts of oak ( Quercus sp.) at Svanemollen Harbour, at the Øresund coast, Copenhagen, Denmark. Anisostagma rotundatum shares most similar ascospore morphologies to Thalassogena sphaerica, Iwilsoniella rotunda and Hapsidascus hadrus (Petersen and Koch 1996). These three species have spherical-ellipsoidal ascospores which are hyaline and composed of a one large guttule surrounded by small droplets (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1987 a; Jones 1991). In addition, ascospores of the four species do not have appendages or sheaths at the light microscope level (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1987 a; Jones 1991; Petersen and Koch 1996). Anisostagma rotundatum can be differentiated from Thalassogena sphaerica (the type species) by having two layered peridium while it is undifferentiated in the latter species (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1987 a). Furthermore, the asci of Thalassogena sphaerica has an apical pore (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1987 a), whereas Anisostagma rotundatum asci lack an apical apparatus. When considering the morphological differences of Anisostagma rotundatum and Iwilsoniella rotunda, ascomata of I. rotunda are dark brown and catenophyses and periphyses are lacking, while A. rotundatum has light brown ascomata and well distinguishable catenophyses (Jones 1991). Hapsidascus hadrus differs from Anisostagma in having ascomata that are larger with a wide neck and periphyses-like hyphae and a peridium composed of three layers. Furthermore, it has thin-walled, early deliquescing paraphyses and asci with a net-like apical apparatus inside the ascus wall.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/033DD7016B1C5AFA8926A79AF1B62E03	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
4F09A84600865FF3BBD4434974A39E81.text	4F09A84600865FF3BBD4434974A39E81.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antennospora Meyers	<div><p>Antennospora Meyers, Mycologia 49: 501 (1957)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged marine wood, oceanic. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary or gregarious, subglobose to ellipsoidal, immersed or becoming superficial, papillate, ostiolate, without periphyses, subcarbonaceous, dark brown to black. Peridium composed of 3–4 layers of irregular, polygonal thick-walled cells and thin-walled, large and deliquescing pseudoparenchyma. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, deliquescing early and formed from a pad of ascogenous tissue. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline and appendaged. Appendages two (rarely 3 or 4) subterminal appendages at each end of the spore, cylindrical, attenuate and stiff. Asexual morph. Undermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Antennospora quadricornuta (Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb) T. W. Johnson, J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 74: 46 (1958).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Antennospora, initially a monotypic genus, shares morphological similarities to the genus Halosphaeria (Jones et al. 1984) but it is distinct by having subterminal appendages, the absence of an episporium at the point of appendage attachment and lacking equatorial appendages. Antennospora also shares similar morphologies to the genus Haiyanga by having subterminal appendages and parallel striations running the length of appendages (Yusoff et al. 1994 b). However, asci of Haiyanga species occur on a pad at the base of the ascoma while in Antennospora asci are formed from a pad of ascogenous hyphae (Yusoff et al. 1994 b). Furthermore, ascospore appendages of Antennospora are shorter than those of Haiyanga species (Yusoff et al. 1994 b).</p><p>The ascospore wall of A. quadricornuta is composed of a mesosporium and episporium, but without an exosporium (Jones et al. 1984). The episporium is absent at the point of appendage attachment, being replaced by an isthmus of electron-dense material connecting the appendage to the mesosporium (Jones et al. 1984). The appendages are initially closely wrapped around the spore but then uncoil to form the rigid appendages (Jones et al. 1984). Appendages have an electron-dense boundary layer enclosing a peripheral region of electron-dense fibrils running parallel to the long axis of the appendage and an electron-transparent core containing amorphous material (Jones et al. 1984).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Antennospora quadricornuta is a well-established genus in the Halosphaeriaceae supported by morphology and sequence data (Fig. 4), and our time-calibrated phylogeny indicates that it diverged from related lineages during the mid-Cretaceous (~ 111 MYA, 95 % CI: 34.8–352.2 MYA), further supporting its independent generic status (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F09A84600865FF3BBD4434974A39E81	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
F9C79F9FF6E4514C994DCC556F7F2F88.text	F9C79F9FF6E4514C994DCC556F7F2F88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antennospora quadricornuta (Cribb & J. W. Cribb) T. W. Johnson	<div><p>Antennospora quadricornuta (Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb) T. W. Johnson, J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 74: 46 (1958)</p><p>Fig. 12</p><p>Halosphaeria quadricornuta Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb, Pap. Dept. Bot. Univ. Queensland 3 (12): 99 (1956). Basionym.</p><p>Antennospora caribbea Meyers, Mycologia 49 (4): 503 (1957). Synonymy.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 130–260 (– 514) μm high, 140–285 μm diam., solitary or gregarious, subglobose to ellipsoidal, immersed or becoming superficial, papillate, ostiolate, without periphyses, subcarbonaceous, dark-brown to black. Necks 70–560 μm long, 20–70 (– 93) μm diam., subconical or cylindrical, centric or eccentric, ostiolar canal indistinctly periphysate. Peridium 9–12.5 μm thick, composed of 3–4 layers of irregular, polygonal thick-walled cells and thin-walled, large and deliquescing pseudoparenchyma. Asci 90–120 × 30–42 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, deliquescing early and formed from a pad of ascogenous tissue. Ascospores 20–35 × 6–12 µm (excluding appendages, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline and appendaged. Appendages 20–37 μm long, 1–2 μm diam., two (rarely 3 or 4) subterminal appendages at each end of the spore, cylindrical, attenuate and stiff. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>India, • Tamil Nadu, Tiruvarur, Muthupet mangroves (10.4°N, 79.5°E), on decaying wood of Avicennia marina ( Acanthaceae), 28 April 2015, B. Devadatha (AMH- 9994).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Antennospora quadricornuta is widely distributed in the tropics and sub-tropics (Pang et al. 2008 a). Most collections of A. quadricornuta have been reported from mangrove wood ( Avicennia marina, Aegiceras corniculatum, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Cocos nucifera, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Prosopis sp., Pithecellobium sp., Rhizophora apiculata, Rh. mangle, Rh. mucronata, Sonneratia alba, Sonneratia griffithii, test blocks of Albizia) (Kohlmeyer 1969, 1984; Vrijmoed et al. 1982 a, 1982 b, 1986 a, 1986 b; Suhirman and Jones 1983; Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1987 b; Hyde 1989; Hyde and Jones 1989; Hyde et al. 1990; Chinnaraj 1993; El-Sharouney et al. 1998; Prasannarai et al. 1999; Poonyth et al. 2001) as saprobes. Vrijmoed and Hodgkiss (1988) showed that it caused decay of wood under laboratory conditions.</p><p>Phylogenetic analyses of Pang et al. (2008 a) using the 28 S rDNA sequence data confirmed its placement within Halosphaeriaceae (Pang et al. 2003 a, 2003 b, 2004 a, 2008 a). Pang et al. (2008 a) showed that Antennospora salina is not related phylogenetically to A. quadricornuta but forms a rather well-supported group with Arenariomyces trifurcatus hence, excluded from Antennospora and referred to the genus Haiyanga (Pang et al. 2008 a). This was subsequently supported by the studies of Sakayaroj et al. (2011) and Jones et al. (2017). The multi-gene analysis in this study revealed that Haiyanga salina grouped within the genus Arenariomyces (Fig. 4), and consequently, this species is referred back to Arenariomyces .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, Brunei, Colombia, Cuba, Haiti, Egypt, Fiji, Galapagos, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Kuwait, Liberia, Malaysia, Martinique, Mexico, Mozambique, Panama, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Republic and Trinidad and Tobago, Seychelles, Singapore, Taiwan, Tahiti, Thailand, USA, Venezuela, Yemen (https://www.marinefungi.org).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F9C79F9FF6E4514C994DCC556F7F2F88	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
FBAD27B475795EFEAA559A0DBD62A068.text	FBAD27B475795EFEAA559A0DBD62A068.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Appendichordella amicta (Kohlm.) R. G. Johnson, E. B. G. Jones & S. T. Moss	<div><p>Appendichordella amicta (Kohlm.) R. G. Johnson, E. B. G. Jones &amp; S. T. Moss, Canad. J. Bot. 65 (5): 941 (1987)</p><p>Fig. 13</p><p>Sphaerulina amicta Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 4: 414 (1962). Basionym.</p><p>Haligena amicta (Kohlm.) Kohlm. &amp; E. Kohlm., Marine Mycology: The higher fungi: 280 (1979). Synonymy.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on rotten drift wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 187–360 × 205–340 μm solitary, globose to subglobose, or depressed ellipsoidal, immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, light to reddish-brown, solitary. Necks 47–220 × 36–44 μm, cylindrical, ostiolar canal first filled with hyaline, thin-walled pseudoparenchyma and later with papilliform periphyses. Peridium 16–19 μm wide, composed of 4–5 layers of elongate and thick-walled cells and thin-walled pseudoparenchyma that deliquesce at maturity. Catenophyses absent. Asci 48–72 × 15–28 μm, 8 - spored or rarely 2 spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, without apical apparatus, deliquescing early and developing at the base of the ascocarp. Ascospores (15 –) 18–25.5 (– 27) × (7 –) 8–11.5 μm, cylindrical or ellipsoidal, 3 - septate, slightly constricted at the septa, hyaline and enclosed in a gelatinous sheath, 3–6 μm thick, composed of tightly coiled appendages which swell in water to form thread-like looping appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined. (Description adopted from Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979; Johnson et al. 1987).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Appendichordella amicta was introduced as Sphaerulina amicta (Kohlmeyer 1962 a) but we could not locate the type specimen for our study as the original author has not designated a type specimen. This species was first discovered from rotten wood in seawater on the Atlantic coast, France (Kohlmeyer 1962 a). Furthermore, there is no authentic specimen to observe from subsequent collections. This species has been subjected to a histochemical and scanning and transmission electron microscope level studies by Johnson et al. (1987) but there are no illustrations of other structures.</p><p>The sheath surrounding the ascospores of A. amicta is unique in its structure; it is composed of tightly coiled appendages which swell in water to form thread-like looping appendages (Fig. 13) which arise from the episporium. The species lacks polar appendages and catenophyses (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979). The spore wall is composed of a thick-walled electron-transparent mesosporium and a thin-walled electron-dense episporium from which the thread-like appendages arise and it lacks an exosporium (Johnson et al. 1984). This genus is therefore easily differentiated from all other genera in the Halosphaeriaceae (Shearer and Crane 1980; Jones et al. 1983 a, 1984; Johnson et al. 1984).</p><p>This little reported species is saprobic on usually well-rotted wood such as Picea sp., Populus sp. in marine water.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Chile, Denmark (N. Jutland), Germany (Karlshagen), Sweden.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FBAD27B475795EFEAA559A0DBD62A068	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
3DAA6FC1DC765FB6B5870C4719D38475.text	3DAA6FC1DC765FB6B5870C4719D38475.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Appendichordella R. G. Johnson, E. B. G. Jones & S. T. Moss	<div><p>Appendichordella R. G. Johnson, E. B. G. Jones &amp; S. T. Moss, Canad. J. Bot. 65 (5): 941 (1987)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on rotten drift wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary, globose to subglobose, usually immersed, coriaceous, light to reddish brown, ostiolate, papillate, with periphyses. Peridium composed of 4–5 layers of elongate and thick-walled cells and thin-walled pseudoparenchyma that are deliquescing at maturity. Catenophyses absent. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, without apical apparatus, deliquescing early and developing at the base of the ascocarp. Ascospores cylindrical or ellipsoidal, 3 - septate, slightly constricted at the septa, hyaline and enclosed in a gelatinous sheath composed of tightly coiled appendages which swell in water to form thread-like looping appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined. (Description adopted from Johnson et al. 1987).</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Appendichordella amicta (Kohlm.) R. G. Johnson, E. B. G. Jones &amp; S. T. Moss, Canad. J. Bot. 65 (5): 941 (1987) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Appendichordella most closely resembles Carbosphaerella with its gelatinous, persistent, irregular, and sheath-like appendage which becomes fibrillar, the appendages developing by fragmentation of the exosporium (Johnson et al. 1984). However, the phylogenetic position of this genus within Halosphaeriaceae is provisional due to the lack of molecular data.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Sequence data is not available for this species. Recollection, isolation, and sequencing are required to determine its inclusion in the Halosphaeriaceae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3DAA6FC1DC765FB6B5870C4719D38475	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
10CD9DCCB8475FC9975948770DB713D4.text	10CD9DCCB8475FC9975948770DB713D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arenariomyces Hohnk	<div><p>Arenariomyces Höhnk, Veröff. Inst. Meeresf. Bremerhaven 3: 28 (1954)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood, sand or calcareous substrates. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary, sometimes gregarious, globose to subglobose, papillate, periphyses absent, carbonaceous, dark brown to black, superficial or immersed, sometimes fully or slightly covered with scattered brownish black spines, subiculum present on materials such as sand grains and shells. Peridium variable in arrangement of cells, usually comprised of dark, thick-walled cells, cell spherical to subsphaerical with inconspicuous pit connections. Pseudoparenchyma thin-walled, and deliquescing at maturity. Catenophyses absent or deliquescing if present. Asci 8 - spored, fusiform to subclavate or pyriform, short-stalked, unitunicate, thin-walled and deliquescing early. Ascospores 1–3 septate, fusiform, cylindrical, ellipsoidal or oblong, constricted / slightly constricted at the septa, hyaline and appendaged. Appendages 3 - subterminal appendages at each end of the spore, straight or curved, with a bulbose base and long attenuated arms initially wrapped along the length of the ascospore and unfolding at maturity. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Arenariomyces trifurcatus Höhnk, Veröff. Inst. Meeresf. Bremerhaven 3: 30 (1954).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Arenariomyces species are saprobes on wood and in wood associated with sand grains, the mycelium growing out from the wood into the surrounding sand, and forming fruiting bodies on sand particles (Jones et al. 1983 a; Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1989; Jones et al. 2009; Koch 2013). Also reported on dead mangrove wood, mangrove leaves, seaweeds, seagrasses, sand and sea foam. They are mostly reported from temperate parts of the world (Jones et al. 2009; Koch 2013).</p><p>Morphologically, this genus is distinguished from Corollospora by the ascospores lacking equatorial appendages, primary polar and secondary exosporial appendages, and presence of subterminal appendages, appendages being outgrowths of the spore wall and composed of a bulbous base and rigid spine terminating in a bifurcated or disc-like structure and lacking an exosporium (Jones et al. 1983 a). Arenariomyces truncatellus and A. majusculus ascomata are formed in the outermost part of the wood substrate and bearing spines in contrast to A. parvulus, A. trifurcatus, and A. triseptatus (Jones et al. 2009). However, the stability of ascomatal characters in the genus is variable (on wood / on hard surfaces, spines / no spines). Arenariomyces majusculus is lignicolous with ascomata embedded in wood, in contrast to other species which form subicula on grains of sand or calcareous substrates (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1989). Arenariomyces species are different from each other mainly by ascospore septation and dimensions; A. majusculus (33 × 11.5 µm), A. truncatellus (21.4 × 10.2 µm), A. parvulus (16–25 × 3–6 µm), A. trifurcatus 28–32 × 9–11 µm are 1 - septate while A. triseptatus is 3 - septate (Kohlmeyer 1984; Koch 2013). Considering the ascospore appendage ontogeny, ascospore appendages are initially wrapped along the length of the ascospore, the appendages unfolding at maturity. Appendages are outgrowths of the spore wall, with a bulbous base, slender, rigid, round shaft, terminating in an apical thickening, pad or bifurcated structure (Jones et al. 1983 a). Fully developed spores lacking an exosporium; the episporium laciniated and absent at the point of appendage attachment. The outer surface of the basal third of the appendage composed of 2–4 laminae, the shaft containing a granular core bounded by an electron-opaque homogeneous layer (Jones et al. 1983 a).</p><p>Molecular sequence data is available for all the Arenariomyces species in the GenBank. Pang et al. (2008 a), based only on 28 S rDNA sequence data, showed that the taxonomic placement of this genus within Halosphaeriaceae is polyphyletic, while with combined 18 S and 28 S rDNA analyses Jones at al. (2017) showed that Arenariomyces species formed a monophyletic group and suggested that the phylogenetic placement of this genus within Halosphaeriaceae is well-resolved.</p><p>In this study, the five Arenariomyces species formed a monophyletic group with Haiyanga salina in the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 4) all possessing 3 - subterminal appendages at each end of the ascospore and this is supported by molecular data, all with low support (Jones et al. 2017). Arenariomyces triseptatus, with 3 - septate ascospores and constricted at the septa, differs from other species in the genus.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>The genus grouped well within the Halosphaeriaceae (Sakayaroj et al. 2011; Jones et al. 2015) and this is accepted by Maharachchikumbura et al. (2015) and Jones et al. (2019). Our divergence-time analysis indicates that Arenariomyces originated from the mid-Cretaceous (~ 111 MYA, 95 % CI: 34.8–352.2 MYA), supporting its recognition as a distinct and independently evolving lineage within the family (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/10CD9DCCB8475FC9975948770DB713D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
75F7BDC6ECDD54DEAB34CE29E5459B5B.text	75F7BDC6ECDD54DEAB34CE29E5459B5B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arenariomyces salinus Meyers	<div><p>Arenariomyces salinus Meyers, Mycologia 49: 505 (1957)</p><p>Haiyanga salina (Meyers) K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Raffles Bull. Zool. 19: 8 (2008). Synonym.</p><p>Antennospora salina (Meyers) Yusoff, E. B. G. Jones &amp; S. T. Moss, Mycol. Res. 98 (9): 1003 (1994).</p><p>Halosphaeria salina (Meyers) Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 50 (9): 1957 (1972).</p><p>Remispora salina (Meyers) Kohlm., Mycologia 60: 262 (1968).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Taxonomically this species, based on morphological characters, has been assigned to various genera. Introduced by Meyers (1957) from Pinus palustris wood in seawater in the Caribbean Sea, with hyaline, 1 - septate ascospores with three appendages at each end, then referred to Remispora by Kohlmeyer (1968) and subsequently to Halosphaeria as Kohlmeyer (1972) did not accept the different types of appendages described for various marine Ascomycota. Based on ultrastructural studies it was referred to Antennospora by Yusoff et al. (1994 b). With molecular studies the species formed a separate clade in the Halosphaeriaceae and a new genus erected as Haiyanga (Pang et al. 2008 a). In the multi-gene analysis in this study, Haiyanga salina grouped in a highly supported clade within the Arenariomyces species clade, and thus is referred to Arenariomyces .</p><p>World distribution.</p><p>Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Canada, Denmark, France, Hawaii, Germany, India, Japan, Mexico, Portugal, Sierra Leone, Spain, Tobago and Trinidad, Yugoslavia, UK, USA.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/75F7BDC6ECDD54DEAB34CE29E5459B5B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
12C654339996575591FD567F8924D783.text	12C654339996575591FD567F8924D783.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arenariomyces trifurcatus Hohnk	<div><p>Arenariomyces trifurcatus Höhnk, Veröff. Inst. Meeresf. Bremerhaven 3: 30 (1954)</p><p>Figs 3 j</p><p>Halosphaeria trifurcata (Höhnk) Cribb and J. W. Cribb, Pap. Dept. Bot. Univ. Queensland 3 (12): 99 (1956). Synonym.</p><p>Peritrichospora trifurcata (Höhnk) Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 3: 89 (1961).</p><p>Corollospora trifurcata (Höhnk) Kohlm., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 75: 126 (1962).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on driftwood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 100–325 µm in diam., globose or subglobose, brown-black, dull, densely covered by short brown hyphae, with subicula on grains of sand, gregarious or solitary, coriaceous, collapsing in drying, ostiole inconspicuous. Peridium membranous, outer dark layer composed of flat angular cells. Asci not seen, early deliquescing. Ascospores 16–22 × 2–3.5 µm, cylindrical, curved, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at septa, hyaline with three terminal appendages at both ends; appendages 10–12 µm long, 0.6 µm wide at the base, tapering towards the end, rigid, curved, mostly oriented towards septum. Asexual morph. Undetermined</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Thailand, • Phuket, Patong beach, on driftwood, 30 Oct. 1983, J. Koch, CP 1012577 isotype .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Arenariomyces trifurcatus has been referred to various genera, including Halosphaeria (Cribb and Cribb 1956), Peritrichospora (Kohlmeyer 1962 a), Corollospora (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979) and finally referred back to Arenariomyces (Jones et al. 1983 a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/12C654339996575591FD567F8924D783	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
C4EFE55F673F5EF8A9205697446DA5D1.text	C4EFE55F673F5EF8A9205697446DA5D1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ascoglobospora Abdel-Wahab	<div><p>Ascoglobospora Abdel-Wahab, Fungal Diversity 124: 58 (2024)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying driftwood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose to subglobose, erumpent to superficial, membranous, hyaline to light-brown, ostiolate, papillate, neck hyaline to light-brown, cylindrical, periphysate. Peridium one-layered, hyaline, forming textura angularis, cell layers consisted of elongated, thick-walled, polygonal hyaline cells. Catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, subglobose, thin-walled, deliquesce early, without an apical apparatus. Ascospores ellipsoidal, with rounded ends, multiseriate, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, hyaline, thick-walled, with bipolar, hamate, apical appendages uncoil in water to form long filaments. Asexual morph. Undermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Ascoglobospora marina Abdel-Wahab, Fungal Diversity 124: 58 (2024).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Ascoglobospora grouped with the genus Aniptosporopsis in a well-supported sister clade with high statistical support (100 ML / 100 MP / 100 BYPP), and morphologically Ascoglobospora has early deliquescing asci that are subglobose, thin-walled, without an apical apparatus while Aniptosporopsis has persistent, pedunculate, clavate asci with a flattened thickened tip, with an apical pore, plasmalemma retraction, and active spore release (Hyde 1992 a; Jones et al. 2017).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Currently two isolates are registered as Ascoglobospora marina with molecular sequence data for the 28 S and 18 S rDNA loci, forming a distinct sister clade with Aniptosporopsis with moderate statistical support in the Halosphaeriaceae . Our divergence-time analysis places this split in the late Miocene (95 % CI: 0–11.9 MYA), consistent with a relatively recent divergence, suggesting a long independent history (Fig. 5). Further collections and a wider range of genes sequenced are recommended.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C4EFE55F673F5EF8A9205697446DA5D1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
B0444FB217D352299E5911D07DB6E8E8.text	B0444FB217D352299E5911D07DB6E8E8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ascoglobospora marina Abdel-Wahab	<div><p>Ascoglobospora marina Abdel-Wahab, Fungal Diversity 124: 58 (2024)</p><p>Fig. 15</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying driftwood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 110–180 μm in diam., globose to subglobose, erumpent to superficial, membranous, hyaline to light-brown, ostiolate, papillate, surrounded by septate hyphae, neck 22–45 μm long, 18–21 μm wide, hyaline to light-brown, cylindrical, periphysate. Peridium 15–24 μm thick layered, hyaline, forming textura angularis, 9–12 cell layers thick, thick walled. Catenophyses present. Asci 42–48 × 32–37 μm, 8 - spored, subglobose, thin-walled, deliquesce early, without an apical apparatus. Ascospores 22–30 × 8–9 μm, ellipsoidal, with rounded ends, multiseriate, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, hyaline, thick-walled (0.5–0.7 μm), with bipolar, hamate, apical appendages, guttulate. Appendages 15–20 μm long extend beyond the median septum, uncoil in water to form long filaments. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>On PDA cultures light brown with tufts of aerial mycelium, reaching a 20–25 mm radius after one month at 25 ° C, sporulation was not observed.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Japan, • Yokohama, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=139.68388&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.276665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 139.68388/lat 35.276665)">Umikaze Park</a>, 35°16'36"N, 139°41'02"E, on decaying driftwood, 12 October 2007, M. A. Abdel-Wahab, CBS-H-23855 (holotype), ex-type living culture, NBRC 105278. GenBank numbers: CBS-H-23855: ITS = OP 150939, 28 S rDNA = OP 151088 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Ascoglobospora marina is saprobic on wood and characterized by globose, thick-walled, hyaline to light brown ascomata, with catenophyses, asci subglobose, lacking apical apparatus or retraction of plasmalemma, ascospores with long unfurling bipolar appendages with prominent guttules. Ascoglobospora marina belongs to a group of ascomycetes with hamate appendages that uncoil to form long filamentous threads that aid in the entrapment and attachment to substrates in aquatic environments (Jones 1994, 1995). These include genera such as Aniptodera, Ascosacculus, Halosarpheia, Magnisphaera, Natantispora, Praelongicaulis, Panorbis, Tirispora, Trichomaris, and Saagaromyces (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979; Campbell et al. 2003; Sakayaroj et al. 2011; Jones et al. 2019), but phylogenetically distinct and generally disparate within the Halosphaeriaceae . Clearly this type of ascospore appendages plays a significant role in both freshwater and marine habitats.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0444FB217D352299E5911D07DB6E8E8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
9B3A190A6CC359A2A789055452A37E56.text	9B3A190A6CC359A2A789055452A37E56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ascosacculus aquaticus (K. D. Hyde) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson & Shearer	<div><p>Ascosacculus aquaticus (K. D. Hyde) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 545 (2003)</p><p>Halosarpheia aquatica K. D. Hyde, Austral. Syst. Bot. 5: 407 (1992). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in freshwater habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata 180–205 µm high, 140–164 µm diam., immersed or semi-immersed, subglobose or pyriform, light brown or brown, membranous, ostiolate, beaked, solitary or gregarious. Necks central, long or short, up to 320 µm long, 30–42 µm diam., hyaline and with periphyses. Peridium up to 14 µm thick, composed of 2–3 layers of brown polygonal thin-walled cells, in surface view textura angularis. Catenophyses present. Asci 56 × 30 µm, 8 - spored, saccate, thin-walled, with no apical thickening or pore, deliquescing early. Ascospores 33.5–64 × 7–10 µm, fusiform or cylindrical, hyaline, 1 - septate, thin-walled, highly guttulate, with hamate appendages at each end. The appendages uncoil in water to form long filamentous threads. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Australia, • North Queensland, Clohesy River, on submerged wood, August 1990, K. D. Hyde (BRIP 19331, holotype) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The four Ascosacculus species share the following morphological characters: immersed, solitary, dark-brown ascomata with long neck, thin-walled peridium forming textura angularis and hyaline, fusiform, guttulate ascospores (Hyde 1992 c; Luo et al. 2019). The four freshwater species that vary in their morphological characters from thin-walled, saccate, early deliquescing asci without apical apparatus and apical hamate ascospore appendages that uncoil to long filaments in A. aquaticus and A. heteroguttulatus to cylindrical, persistent asci with apical ring and 3 - septate ascospores surrounded by a thin mucilaginous sheath (Hyde 1992 c; Hyde et al. 1999 b; Campbell et al. 2003; Pang et al. 2003 b; Luo et al. 2019).</p><p>Phylogenetically, Ascosacculus species clustered together in a separate clade from other genera of Halosphaeriaceae with good bootstrap support (Campbell et al. 2003; Pang and Jones 2004; Luo et al. 2019).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Australia, Costa Rica, Thailand.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9B3A190A6CC359A2A789055452A37E56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
A26E1BCA190F5517A8699F2A072B79A5.text	A26E1BCA190F5517A8699F2A072B79A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ascosacculus J. Campbell, J. L. Anderson & Shearer 2003	<div><p>Ascosacculus J. Campbell, J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 545 (2003)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in freshwater habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata small, globose to subglobose, membranous, brown, ostiolate with long, narrow, thin-walled, hyaline to pale brown periphysate necks. Peridium forming textura angularis. Asci thin-walled, deliquesce early or persistent, saccate to cylindrical, with or without apical apparatus. Ascospores fusiform to cylindrical, hyaline, one to 3 - septate filled with many small guttules and having a hamate appendage at each apex that unfurls to form long, thread-like, sticky appendages or with a thin mucilaginous sheath ( A. fusiformis). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Ascosacculus aquaticus (K. D. Hyde) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 545 (2003).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Ascosacculus species were recorded from decaying submerged wood in tropical freshwater streams (Hyde et al. 1999 b; Campbell et al. 2003; Pang et al. 2003 b; Luo et al. 2019).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Four Ascosacculus species grouped in the Halosphaeriaceae in highly supported clade (Fig. 4) adjacent to Thalespora, Okeanomyces and Cucurbitinus . Divergence-time analysis places the split across the Late Cretaceous to Paleogene interval (26 MYA, 95 % CI 7.5–92.6 MYA), consistent with a long independent history (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A26E1BCA190F5517A8699F2A072B79A5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
FFBA2D4F39A650AABAE5435509EABB51.text	FFBA2D4F39A650AABAE5435509EABB51.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bathyascus Kohlm. 1977	<div><p>Bathyascus Kohlm., Rev. Mycol. (Paris) 41 (2): 190 (1977)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic in marine habitats, mainly on mangrove wood, deep sea. Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose or ellipsoidal, immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, dark brown, solitary, neck lacking periphyses. Catenophyses deliquescing. Asci fusiform to clavate, unitunicate, thin-walled, early deliquescing. Ascospores filiform, 0–1 - septate, hyaline and lacking appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Bathyascus vermisporus Kohlm., Rev. Mycol. (Paris) 41 (2): 190 (1977).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The genus is characterized as having ascospores that are filiform, straight or curved and without septa or apical chambers. Currently, five species are accepted primarily from tropical locations (Kohlmeyer 1980; Hyde and Jones 1987; Ravikumar and Vittal 1991). The species are saprobic, on intertidal wood and also those in the deep-sea.</p><p>Bathyascus is most similar to the genus Thalespora, as both genera have spathulate, hyaline, unicellular or 1 - septate ascospores, however, Thalespora possesses apical ascospore appendages. Bathyascus tropicalis is the only member of the genus that possesses septate ascospores and ascomata with a thin-walled peridium (6–8 µm thick), and these two features are shared with Thalespora appendiculata . Thalespora appendiculata differs in possessing apical polar appendages with an asexual morph and its inclusion in the Halosphaeriaceae is supported by molecular data (Jones et al. 2006).</p><p>Bathyascus grandisporus ascospores are similar to those of Halonectria and Pseudohalonectria but differ by ascus and spore measurements and assignment to the families Hypocreaceae, and Amphisphaeriaceae, respectively.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Molecular data is not available for any of the Bathyascus species. All five species need to be recollected, isolated and sequenced to resolve their taxonomic position to confirm their inclusion in the Halosphaeriaceae, and whether B. tropicalis would be better assigned to the genus Thalespora (Jones et al. 2006). Numerous collections have been made of Bathyascus species, and attempts at their isolation have been made but ascospores did not germinate.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FFBA2D4F39A650AABAE5435509EABB51	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
7FAB6C22CABB5DA9938ECE83C45DA704.text	7FAB6C22CABB5DA9938ECE83C45DA704.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bathyascus vermisporus Kohlm.	<div><p>Bathyascus vermisporus Kohlm., Rev. Mycol. (Paris) 41 (2): 191 (1977)</p><p>Fig. 16</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on intertidal wood (deep sea), generally mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 150–260 µm high (including necks), 215–480 µm in diam., solitary, subglobose or ellipsoidal, partly or completely immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, dark brown above, light brown to almost hyaline at the base. Peridium 40–45 µm thick around the ostiole, 20–30 um at the base and sides, composed of 5 or 6 layers of thin-walled, polygonal, elongated cells with large lumina, forming a textura angularis, merging into the pseudoparenchyma of the centrum. Necks 60–380 µm long, 60–70 µm in diam., cylindrical or obtusely conical, dark brown; ostiolar canal about 15 µm in diam., periphyses absent; walls of some necks extend into lumina of wood vessels and, thus, appear warty. Catenophyses absent, the center of immature ascomata filled with hyaline, thin-walled pseudoparenchymatous cells that become compressed by the developing asci. Asci 70–80 × 12–14 µm, 8 - spored, fusiform to clavate, unitunicate, thin-walled, early deliquescing. Ascospores 50–72 × 4–5.5 µm, filiform, or rarely elongate fusoid, straight or curved, attenuate, thick-walled, non-septate, hyaline, without appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined. (Description based on Kohlmeyer 1977; Borse et al. 2012).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>There are no sequences available for the type species of this genus.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>India, USA. Both on wood and in deep-sea sediments.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7FAB6C22CABB5DA9938ECE83C45DA704	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
7B5EFEAF63A55EBA86B15A2D512BA976.text	7B5EFEAF63A55EBA86B15A2D512BA976.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carbosphaerella I. Schmidt	<div><p>Carbosphaerella I. Schmidt, Feddes Repert. 80 (2–3): 108 (1969)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on marine wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary of gregarious, globose to subglobose, superficial, sometimes with a subiculum on sand grains, with or without ostioles, papillate or epapillate, eperiphysate, carbonaceous and black. Peridium composed of 2–3 layers of cells. Necks short when present, often directed downwards. Pseudoparenchyma none reported and lacking paraphyses and catenophyses. Asci 4–8 - spored, ovoidal to obpyriform, short pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled and deliquescing early. Ascospores ovoidal to ellipsoidal, 3 - many-septate, constricted at the septa, central cells dark brown, end cells small and hyaline, and appendaged. Ascospores enveloped by a gelatinous persistent, irregular and sheath-like appendage which becomes fibrillar. Appendages formed by fragmentation of an exosporium which is composed of layers of electron-dense fibres wrapped around the spore. An inner layer of the exosporium fibres remains associated with the epispore. The spore wall is composed of an episporium and a mesosporium, the latter with an inner electron-transparent layer and an outer pigmented layer. Histochemistry, appendages composed of protein with neutral and acidic PAS positive carbohydrates. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Carbosphaerella pleosporoides I. Schmidt, Feddes Repert. 80 (2–3): 108 (1969).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The species in Carbosphaerella are saprobic on wood, often associated with sand. The species are distinguished by ascospore color: central large cells dark brown, apical small cells hyaline or light brown and their septation: transverse septa only in C. leptosphaerioides, transverse and longitudinal septa in C. pleosporoides . The gelatinous sheath plays an important role in the adhesion of the ascospores to substrates (Johnson et al. 1984; Jones 1994).</p><p>Molecular data is available for C. leptosphaerioides (Jones et al. 2009), which is well placed in the Halosphaeriaceae, grouping with Remispora pilleata and R. maritima with strong statistical support (Jones et al. 2009, 2015; Maharachchikumbura et al. 2015).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Both species need to be recollected and sequenced for a wide range of gene loci.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B5EFEAF63A55EBA86B15A2D512BA976	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
77AB9D8A26FC5120A357533E8E235826.text	77AB9D8A26FC5120A357533E8E235826.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carbosphaerella leptosphaerioides I. Schmidt	<div><p>Carbosphaerella leptosphaerioides I. Schmidt, Natur Naturschutz Mecklenburg 7: 9 (1969)</p><p>Figs 2 d, e, 17</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on driftwood, especially when in contact with sand, intertidal mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 90–210 µm in diam., globose to subglobose, superficial, sometimes seated on a subiculum on sand grains, with or without ostioles, papillate or epapillate, carbonaceous, black, solitary or gregarious. Peridium 5–12 µm thick, composed of 2–3 layers of cells, subglobose at the outside, flattened toward the inside. Necks when present, short, conical, near the basal subiculum and pointing downward. Paraphyses absent. Asci 65–90 × 45–60 µm (excluding peduncle), 4–8 - spored, ovoidal or obpyriform, short pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, aphysoclastic, without apical apparatus, early deliquescing. Ascospores 27–42 × 16–24 µm (excluding sheath), ellipsoidal, 3 - septate, not or slightly constricted at the septa, central large cells dark brown, apical small cells hyaline or light brown; septa with a central pore, ca. 1 µm in diam., except for the apical cells, surrounded by a gelatinous, persistent, irregular sheath, 4–12.5 µm thick, hyaline or faintly brown, appearing striated or dotted with parallel fibres embedded in a matrix; germination from the apical cells only. Asexual morph. Undetermined. (Description based on Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979; Borse et al. 2012).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Ecologically, this species is found superficially on wood generally associated with sand (Koch and Jones 1983; Farrant et al. 1985; Rees and Jones 1985). Mostly found on buried wood in sand, it has also been recorded on mangrove woody litter (Shini et al. 2009–2010) and intertidal wood in India (Borse and Pawar 2001; Prasannarai and Sridhar 2001).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Bermuda, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Hawaii, India, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Portugal, Taiwan, UK, USA.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/77AB9D8A26FC5120A357533E8E235826	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
D1747624B2BC5EA1A3B022535D548629.text	D1747624B2BC5EA1A3B022535D548629.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carbosphaerella pleosporoides I. Schmidt	<div><p>Carbosphaerella pleosporoides I. Schmidt, Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni veg. 80: 108 (1969)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on driftwood, especially when in contact with sand. Sexual morph. Ascomata 100–190 µm, globose, superficial, sometimes seated on a subiculum on sand grains, with or without ostioles, papillate or epapillate. Necks when present, short, conical, near the basal subiculum and pointing downward. Paraphyses absent. Asci 26.5–40 × 23–39 µm, 4 - spored, obpyriform to subglobose, short stipitate, unitunicate, thin-walled, without apical apparatus, early deliquescing. Ascospores 22–30 × 11–13 – 20 µm, muriform, constricted at the septum, central cells dark brown, apical cells hyaline to light brown, surrounded by a gelatinous, persistent, irregular sheath, appearing striated or dotted with parallel fibres embedded in a matrix; germination from the apical cells only. Asexual morph. Undetermined. (Description based on Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D1747624B2BC5EA1A3B022535D548629	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
474E243254055088A644A2644450E165.text	474E243254055088A644A2644450E165.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ceriosporopsis halima Linder	<div><p>Ceriosporopsis halima Linder, Farlowia 1 (3): 409 (1944)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood and other cellulosic substrates. Sexual morph. Ascomata 80–481 µm high, 130–503 µm in diam. or long, subglobose, ellipsoidal or cylindrical, immersed or superficial, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, dark brown to black, reddish-brown when empty, solitary or gregarious. Peridium 8–26 µm thick, composed of three to four (to ten) layers of thin-walled, elongate cells with large lumina, merging into the pseudoparenchyma of the venter. Necks up to 706 µm long, 16–30 (- 56) µm in diam., centric or eccentric, cylindrical; ostiolar canal at first filled with a small-celled pseudoparenchyma. Pseudoparenchyma of thin-walled, polygonal cells filling venter of young ascocarps. Asci 56–89 × 14–22 µm, 8 - spored, ellipsoidal, subclavate or subfusiform, short pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, aphysoclastic, deliquescing before ascospore maturity, without apical apparatuses, developing at the base of the ascocarp venter. Ascospores 18–27 (– 35) × 6–12 µm (excluding appendages), ellipsoidal to fusiform-ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, slightly or strongly constricted at the septum, hyaline, surrounded by a gelatinous, exosporic sheath that is pierced at each apex by an outward growing appendage; appendages 5–8 µm in diam., of variable length, terminal, simple, subcylindrical, tapering, finally becoming viscous and filamentous. Chlamydospores from in axenic cultures 6–17 µm in diam., reddish-brown, catenulate; chains up to 90 µm long, up to 13 - celled, terminal, simple or rarely ramose, curved, frequently 1 / 4 or 3 / 4 times coiled; single cells globose, ellipsoidal or subcylindrical, sometimes increasing in diameter from base to apex. Asexual morph. Undetermined (Adapted from Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Ceriosporopsis halima is widely collected on intertidal and driftwood, bark, rope, test panels and a range of timbers. Ceriosporopsis halima is an early colonizer of wood test panels submerged in the sea, sporulating on the wood after 6–18 weeks of immersion (Jones 1963).</p><p>Within Ceriosporopsis, the most divergent species is C. caduca, the only one with equatorial appendages; C. capillacea has the longest polar appendages, other than these two, other species are only discernible from each other by ascospore measurements.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Argentina, Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Ghana, Iceland, India, Italy, Japan, Norway, Peru, Portugal, Spain, Taiwan, UK (England, Wales, Scotland), USA (California, Hawaii, Washington).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/474E243254055088A644A2644450E165	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
3E9D8757B77155D6999F75F7653B325B.text	3E9D8757B77155D6999F75F7653B325B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ceriosporopsis Linder 1944	<div><p>Ceriosporopsis Linder, Farlowia 1 (3): 408 (1944)</p><p>Description.</p><p>A group of obligate marine lignicolous fungi, saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary or gregarious, subglobose to cylindrical, immersed or becoming exposed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous or subcarbonaceous, light brown to black. Pseudoparenchyma thin-walled cells filling venter of young ascocarps; deliquescing, or central core developing into catenophyses. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, early deliquescing. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, hyaline, surrounded by an exosporic sheath that forms apical collar which ruptures to release a mucilaginous appendage that stains metachromatically in 0.1 % toluidine blue (Adapted from Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Ceriosporopsis halima Linder, Farlowia 1 (3): 409 (1944).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Ceriosporopsis is a genus of obligate lignicolous marine fungi, often found on decayed wood. The type species ( C. halima) is a cosmopolitan fungus, occurring in both tropical and temperate waters (Raghukumar 2019).</p><p>Ceriosporopsis is morphologically close to Marinospora and Toriella: Marinospora differs from Ceriosporopsis in the following aspects, ascocarps are carbonaceous to subcarbonaceous, ascocarp wall is composed of up to 30 layers, asci are pedunculate and often apiculate, ascospores have distinct primary polar and equatorial appendages with cup-like structures at their apices formed by fragmentation (or dissolution) of an enveloping exosporic membrane (Johnson et al. 1984). Toriella differs from Ceriosporopsis in the exosporium which folds to form an annulus-like equatorial appendage and the polar appendage is formed inside an end chamber that consists of two electron-dense layers (Johnson et al. 1987).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Only Ceriosporopsis halima (9 isolates) and Ceriosporopsis intricata (3 isolates) (still registered as Bovicornua intricata in Index Fungorum) are supported by molecular data. Strains of Ceriosporopsis formed a highly supported clade in the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 4), comprising two highly supported sub-clades corresponding to the two species. Ceriosporopsis diverged from allied genera in the early Jurassic (mean 196 MYA; 95 % CI 73.1–528.1 MYA), indicating a very old lineage within the family (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E9D8757B77155D6999F75F7653B325B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
749C24D5708B5799993942950DC38989.text	749C24D5708B5799993942950DC38989.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chadefaudia Feldm. - Maz.	<div><p>Chadefaudia Feldm. - Maz., Rev. Gén. Bot. 64: 150 (1957)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic, or epiphytic on red algae or saprophytic or symbiotic on calcified microalgae. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary or gregarious, subglobose, superficial or immersed, ostiolate, papillate or epapillate, coriaceous to carbonaceous, dark colored. Paraphyses absent. Asci 8 - spored, subglobose to clavate, unitunicate, thin-walled, early deliquescing. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, hyaline, with an apical gelatinous sheath, cap-like appendage. Asexual morph. Coelomycetous.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Chadefaudia marina Feldm. - Maz., Rev. Gén. Bot. 64: 150 (1957).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Chadefaudia species are parasitic, or epiphytic on red algae or saprophytic or symbiotic on calcified microalgae and worldwide in distribution (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979).</p><p>A genus with a confusing history and comprising six species: Chadefaudia balliae, Ch. corallinarum, Ch. gymnogongri, Ch. marina, Ch. polyporolithi and Ch. schizymeniae, all on different marine hosts, but mostly on red algae. With exception of Ch. gymnogongri and Ch. marina, most are poorly known and all require recollection and sequencing to confirm the placement of Chadefaudia in the Halosphaeriaceae .</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>As no molecular data is available, all species need recollection, isolation and sequencing.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/749C24D5708B5799993942950DC38989	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
F8E4DD17B6DA5A9CAFE6CB949E92EA41.text	F8E4DD17B6DA5A9CAFE6CB949E92EA41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chadefaudia marina Feldm. - Maz.	<div><p>Chadefaudia marina Feldm. - Maz., Rev. Gén. Bot. 64: 150 (1957)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic on red algae. Sexual morph. Ascomata 90–180 µm high, 90–200 µm diam., subglobose, immersed, ostiolate, papillate or epapillate, coriaceous, dark brown. Peridium 10–39 µm thick, merging with host tissue. Pseudoparenchyma cells thin-walled. Asci 23–34 × 12–16 µm, 8 - spored, ellipsoidal to broadly clavate with short pedicel, unitunicate, thin-walled, early deliquescing, lacking apical apparatus. Ascospores 12.5–16.5 × 4–5.5 µm, ellipsoidal, unicellular, hyaline, with appendages at both ends. Appendages 2–3 µm high, 4 µm diam., gelatinous and terminally attached. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Chadefaudia marina is only known from a collection made in France by Feldmann (1957) and collected on the red alga Palmaria palmata (= Rhodymenia palmata) at Roscoff, France. Feldmann describes and illustrates (line drawings) in detail the morphology and development of the ascoma in Ch. marina . The most recently described Chadefaudia species is Ch. schizymeniae by Stegenga and Kemperman (1984) from the red alga Schizymenia obovata collected in South Africa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F8E4DD17B6DA5A9CAFE6CB949E92EA41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
6B579F20BA7652A390ADF8F954016BF4.text	6B579F20BA7652A390ADF8F954016BF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cirrenalia Meyers & R. T. Moore	<div><p>Cirrenalia Meyers &amp; R. T. Moore, Amer. J. Bot. 47 (5): 346 (1960)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on plant debris and soil in marine, freshwater and soil habitats. Sexual morph. Undetermined. Asexual morph. Conidiophores present or obsolete, cylindrical, septate or nonseptate, acrogenous or laterally on the hyphae, hyaline or light brown. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate. Conidia acrogenous, solitary, helicoid, septate, constricted or not constricted at the septa, brownish, conidial cells increase in diameter and pigmentation from base to apex.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Cirrenalia macrocephala (Kohlm.) Meyers &amp; R. T. Moore, Amer. J. Bot. 47 (5): 347 (1960).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Cirrenalia species were described and recorded from marine, freshwater and terrestrial habitats on plant remains and soil.</p><p>Molecular data (Fig. 4) places Cirrenalia macrocephala in the new genus Remisporiopsis with high support and therefore it has been excluded from Cirrenalia . However, other Cirrenalia species have been described including two marine species (Kohlmeyer 1958, 1968; Raghukumar et al. 1988) and 10 terrestrial species (Sutton 1973; Rao and Reddy 1978; Matsushima 1980, 1996; Sugiyama 1981; Mel’nik 1988; Somrithipol et al. 2002; Zhao and Liu 2005; Jiang and Zhang 2007; Zhang et al. 2014; Hernández-Restrepo et al. 2017 ’ Spribille et al. 2020). These are retained in Cirrenalia until they have been recollected isolated and sequenced.</p><p>Other marine Cirrenalia species have been referred to other genera: Halazoon for C. fusca, Hydea for C. pygmea, and Matsusporium for C. tropicalis in the Lulworthiales, Moheitospora for C. adarca in the Torpedosporales and Hiogispora for C. japonica in the Pleosporales (Abdel-Wahab et al. 2010; Jones et al. 2019).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Molecular data is not available for 12 Cirrenalia species and further collections for those species are required to confirm their phylogenetic placements.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6B579F20BA7652A390ADF8F954016BF4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
CE46ABCF4DCC531B861A9EFA36DC791C.text	CE46ABCF4DCC531B861A9EFA36DC791C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Corallicola nana Volkm. - Kohlm. & Kohlm.	<div><p>Corallicola nana Volkm. - Kohlm. &amp; Kohlm., Mycotaxon 44 (2): 418 (1992)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on dead coral. Sexual morph. Ascomata are solitary or gregarious 80–95 µm in diam., subglobose, superficial, ostiolate, short papillate or epipapillate, subiculate, coriaceous, dark brown, sometimes covered by short brown hyphae. Peridium is 5–7 µm thick, composed of one or two layers of polygonal cells, forming a textura angularis, dark brown; at the base attached to the substrate with a thin subiculum that is more or less hyphoid (textura intricata) or dense (textura angularis). Pseudoparenchyma of thin-walled polygonal cells filling the centrum of young ascomata, deliquescing at ascospore maturity; no indication of pit-connections in the walls. Asci thin-walled, deliquescing before ascospore maturation. Ascospores range from 21–26.5 × 7–8.5 µm, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline, appendaged at each end with 5–7 terminal appendages, 15–18 µm long, round and swollen at the base, 1.4–1.7 µm wide and flat in the middle, and tapering to the thin (0.5) µm round tip (Adapted from Volkmann-Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1992). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Corallicola nana is an obligate marine ascomycete, probably saprophytic as it does not damage living corals, simply growing attached to dead coral (Volkmann-Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1992).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE46ABCF4DCC531B861A9EFA36DC791C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
BA233E6D3FB65FB8AFC32DB73F3C15D5.text	BA233E6D3FB65FB8AFC32DB73F3C15D5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Corallicola Volkm. - Kohlm. & Kohlm.	<div><p>Corallicola Volkm. – Kohlm. &amp; Kohlm., Mycotaxon 44 (2): 418 (1992)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Probably saprobic. Sexual morph. Ascomata are singular or gregarious, subglobose, superficial, ostiolate, short papillate or epipapillate, subiculate, coriaceous, brown. Peridium is thin-walled, forming a textura angularis. The centrum of immature ascomata is filled with pseudoparenchymatous hyaline deliquescent cells. Asci thin-walled, deliquescing early in development. Ascospores are ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, hyaline, appendiculate; at both apices, with several terminal appendages, gibbous at the base, flattened in the middle and gradually tapering towards the tip (Adapted from Volkman-Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1992). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Corallicola nana Volkm. - Kohlm. &amp; Kohlm., Mycotaxon 44 (2): 418 (1992).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Corallicola is characterized by its 1 - septate, ellipsoidal ascospores with 5–7 appendages, making it similar to members of the genus Arenariomyces (Höhnk 1954). They differ in that the pseudoparenchyma of the centrum has pit-like connections in A. trifurcatus but lacking in C. nana . Furthermore, the 5–7 terminal appendages of C. nana are swollen at the base, flat and wide in the middle and tapering to thin rounded tips, while in A. trifurcatus its 3 subterminal appendages have bulbous bases at the end (Jones et al. 1983 a). Ecologically they differ; A. trifurcatus is an intertidal, arenicolous species associated with wood, while C. nana grows offshore on dead coral rocks (Volkman-Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1992).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>As no molecular data is available, it requires recollection, isolation and sequencing.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA233E6D3FB65FB8AFC32DB73F3C15D5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
EFE31177CFFF5A40AE0590BF7794EE4B.text	EFE31177CFFF5A40AE0590BF7794EE4B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Corollospora maritima Werderm.	<div><p>Corollospora maritima Werderm., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 8 (73): 248 (1922)</p><p>Fig. 1 e</p><p>Peritrichospora integra Linder, Farlowia 1 (3): 414 (1944). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Sexual morph. Ascomata 190 × 230 µm, globose or subglobose, black, smooth, brilliant, with subicula on grains of sand, solitary or gregarious, carbonaceous, ostiolate. Peridium, composed of flat, thick-walled angular cells. Asci 60–100 × 8–14 µm, 8 - spored, fusiform or subclavate, thin-walled, without apical apparatus, deliquescing early. Ascospores 15–20 × 5–7 µm, fusiform, 1 - septate, not or slightly constricted at septum, asymmetric, hyaline, appendaged; appendages of two kinds a) polar spines 12–16 µm long, slender, 0.5–1 µm thick, slightly curved, hyaline, and b) sheet-like, exosporic appendages up to 12 µm long from apical part of polar spine and equatorial appendages forming a double frill of appendages 6–12 µm long. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Thailand, • Phuket, Patong beach, on driftwood, 30 Oct. 1983, J. Koch., CP 1012566 isotype and micro slides .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Corollospora maritima is characterized by 1 - septate, hyaline ascospores with a prominent apical spine and a peridial wall with two layers, outer layer composed of roundish cells with large lumina, inner layer of flat, elongate cells with narrow lumina. This species is a common cosmopolitan species growing on a wide range of substrates, with ascospores common in sea foam. This species has been widely collected and sequenced, but many may not represent C. maritima (Pang et al. 2023 a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EFE31177CFFF5A40AE0590BF7794EE4B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
9F1286A5A22E541A80BEB8646FFE53E3.text	9F1286A5A22E541A80BEB8646FFE53E3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Corollospora Werderm.	<div><p>Corollospora Werderm., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 8 (73): 248 (1922)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood associated with wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary or gregarious, globose to ellipsoidal, superficial, rarely submerged, with or without subiculum, ostiolate or nonostiolate, papillate or epapillate, carbonaceous rarely coriaceous, black, often on sand grains, and other calcareous material. Asci 8 - spored, fusiform or clavate, unitunicate, thin-walled, early deliquescing. Ascospores ellipsoidal to fusiform, 1 - septate to multi-septate, hyaline rarely brown, appendaged with or lacking polar spines with secondary appendages formed by fragmentation of an exosporic wall layer. Asexual morph. Hyphomycetous, conidia septate, terminal, branched staurospores, muriform, 2 - celled with 2–3 polar extensions,</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Corollospora maritima Werderm., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 8 (73): 248 (1922).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Corollospora species are saprobic on a wide range of substrates: driftwood, trapped wood, test panels submerged in the sea, mangrove wood, algae, seagrasses, on beach sand, sea-foam, shell fragments, and algal thalli. Thirty Corollospora species have been described, many lack sequence data (Suppl. material 1). Isotype of C. cinnamomea and holotype of C. borealis were examined and illustrated in Figs 18, 19, respectively.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Corollospora species formed a moderately supported monophyletic group in the multi-gene analysis in this study (Fig. 4). A wide range of genes have been sequenced for Corollospora species: 28 S, 18 S, ITS rDNA, rpb 1, rpb 2, tef- 1 α, and β-tub (Suppl. material 1), however most studies have been based on the nuclear cistron. Divergence-time analysis places the crown of Corollospora in the early Jurassic (~ 202 MYA, 95 % CI: 74–547 MYA), highlighting its long independent evolutionary history within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F1286A5A22E541A80BEB8646FFE53E3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
5EF3575FEA2F562B9D168A84CCBC4137.text	5EF3575FEA2F562B9D168A84CCBC4137.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucullosporella K. D. Hyde & E. B. G. Jones 1990	<div><p>Cucullosporella K. D. Hyde &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycotaxon 37: 200 (1990)</p><p>Cucullospora K. D. Hyde &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Bot. Mar. 29: 491 (1986). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged and intertidal wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary or gregarious, subglobose, ostiolate, periphysate, greyish brown to black, immersed and coriaceous. Pseudoparenchymatous, lacking paraphyses but catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, unitunicate, thin-walled, clavate, pedunculate, thickened at the ascus tip, persistent, arising from a central region at the base of the ascocarp. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, hyaline, polar appendages arising from an extension of the spore wall. Appendages initially hamate, uncoiling at maturity to form thread-like polar appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Cucullosporella mangrovei (K. D. Hyde &amp; E. B. G. Jones) K. D. Hyde &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycotaxon 37: 200 (1990).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Cucullosporella is saprobic on mangrove substrata ( Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, Casuarina sp., Xylocarpus granatum, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia acida) and driftwood.</p><p>Cucullosporella is a monotypic genus that belongs to a group of aquatic fungi with ascospores with polar hamate appendages that unfurl to form fine thread – like appendages (Alias et al. 2001; Pang et al. 2003 b). It differs from other such genera in having a polar tube – like structure through which the thread – like appendages are extruded (Alias et al. 2001).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Sequence data available for Cucullosporella mangrovei confirms its assignment to the Halosphaeriaceae, and in highly supported clade with Paraaniptodera longispora (Fig. 4). Divergence-time analysis indicates that this split dates to the late Cretaceous, near the K – Pg boundary (~ 66.3 MYA; 95 % CI 18.8–233.6 MYA, spanning Miocene – Late Triassic), supporting recognition of Cucullosporella as an independent lineage within the family (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5EF3575FEA2F562B9D168A84CCBC4137	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
99C382B66CCB5DEDACFD043D027B1928.text	99C382B66CCB5DEDACFD043D027B1928.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucullosporella mangrovei (K. D. Hyde & E. B. G. Jones) K. D. Hyde & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Cucullosporella mangrovei (K. D. Hyde &amp; E. B. G. Jones) K. D. Hyde &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycotaxon 37: 200 (1990)</p><p>Fig. 3 g</p><p>Cucullospora mangrovei (K. D. Hyde &amp; E. B. G. Jones) K. D. Hyde &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycotaxon 37: 200 (1990). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 150–220 µm high, 250–380 µm diam., subglobose, ovoid to ellipsoidal, greyish brown to black, coriaceous, immersed, solitary or gregarious, ostiolate. Peridium 27–45 µm thick, composed of an inner layer of elongate cells and an outer layer of thick – walled rounded cells. Necks 230–330 µm long, 50–75 µm diam., periphysate. Asci 180 – (212) – 250 × 36 – (41) – 46 µm, thin – walled, unitunicate, 8 – spored, clavate, persistent, thickened at the ascus tip with a lens – shaped refractive region, pedicellate. Catenophyses present. Ascospores 48 – (57) – 64 µm × 16 – (19) – 24 µm, hyaline, fusoid to ellipsoidal, 1 – septate, not constricted at the septum, appendaged. Appendages 6–12 µm × 4–8 µm, arising from an extension of the spore wall, unfurling into fine threads in water. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Molecular studies place this species in the Halosphaeriaceae forming a sister group to Aniptodera longispora (= Paraaniptodera longispora) (Sakayaroj et al. 2011; Jones et al. 2017). Cucullosporella is characterized by hyaline 1 - septate ascospores with uncoiling polar appendages arising from a hood or cap-like structure. Owing to these characters the genus was assigned to the Halosphaeriaceae (Jones 1995). In recent years a number of freshwater and marine ascomycetes have been described with polar, hamate appendages that uncoil in water. Many of these have been studied at the ultrastructural level. Cucullosporella mangrovei differs from other species with polar, hamate appendages in that the polar appendages arise from a hood or cap-like structure which is an outgrowth of the mesosporium and bounded by the episporium. Appendages may arise through pores in the episporium within the hood (Hyde and Jones 1986).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/99C382B66CCB5DEDACFD043D027B1928	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
3F430026597D58EA9C88F7778B85E36F.text	3F430026597D58EA9C88F7778B85E36F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucurbitinus constrictus (I. Schmidt) L. L. Liu & Z. Y. Liu	<div><p>Cucurbitinus constrictus (I. Schmidt) L. L. Liu &amp; Z. Y. Liu, Phytotaxa 455 (2): 126 (2020)</p><p>Trichocladium constrictum I. Schmidt, Mycotaxon 24: 419 (1985). Basionym.</p><p>Trichocladium constrictum I. Schmidt, Natur Naturschutz Mecklenburg 12: 114 (1974). Synonym.</p><p>Trichocladium angelicum A. Roldán &amp; Honrubia, Mycotaxon 35 (2): 353 (1989).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying plant substrates. Asexual morph. Colonies brown to dark brown, hairy, velvety, effuse, glistening. Mycelium semi-immersed, composed of hyaline to pale brown, septate, branched hyphae. Conidiophores pale brown to brown, macronematous, mononematous, solitary, cylindrical, straight or slightly flexuous, 5–6 septate, even, thick-walled, cylindrical, 40–80.5 (– 90) × 1.5–3 μm. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical, monoblastic or polyblastic, terminal, sympodial, smooth. Conidia acropleurogenous, mid-brown, solitary, straight or slightly curved, 2–4 - septate, constricted at the septa, clavate, gourd-shaped, guttulate, smooth-walled, 26.5–43 × 9–12.5 μm, with cells commonly different in size from the base to the apex; basal cells hyaline to subhyaline, subglobose to cuneiform, tubulate, 4–7.5 × 2.7–4.5 μm; middle and apical cells globose to subglobose, apical cell 8.5–12.5 × 8–12.5 μm. Conidial secession schizolytic. Sexual morph. Undetermined (Adapted from Liu et al. 2020).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Trichocladium constrictum is distinguishable from other Trichocladium species by long conidiophores, gourd-shaped conidia which are strongly constricted at the septa, the apical cell larger than the other cells in the conidium (Schmidt 1974 b). Liu et al. (2020) showed that T. constrictum was distantly placed from other Trichocladium species ( Chaetomiaceae) and introduced the new genus Cucurbitinus . Liu et al. (2020) also synonymized Trichocladium angelicum under Cucurbitinus constrictus based on morphological and phylogenetic data.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Germany (Baltic Sea), China (Baihua Lake), Portugal.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3F430026597D58EA9C88F7778B85E36F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
2CFF7B5E7690584D8A6A391ADD44E8D1.text	2CFF7B5E7690584D8A6A391ADD44E8D1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucurbitinus ibericus (Hern. - Restr. & Gene) L. L. Liu & Z. Y. Liu	<div><p>Cucurbitinus ibericus (Hern. - Restr. &amp; Gené) L. L. Liu &amp; Z. Y. Liu, Phytotaxa 455 (2): 126 (2020)</p><p>Cirrenalia iberica Hern. - Restr. &amp; Gené, Stud. Mycol. 86: 86 (2017). Basionym.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>987 registered at NCBI, one ITS rDNA sequence of C. macrocephala, strain FMR 12418, while Hernández-Restrepo et al. (2017) described the new species Cirrenalia iberica based on two strains and Cirrenalia iberica, FMR 12418 was one of them.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2CFF7B5E7690584D8A6A391ADD44E8D1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
312BE12C281151A8A6C22B38A42B25A9.text	312BE12C281151A8A6C22B38A42B25A9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucurbitinus L. L. Liu & Z. Y. Liu	<div><p>Cucurbitinus L. L. Liu &amp; Z. Y. Liu, Phytotaxa 455 (2): 124 (2020)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on dead decaying wood in aquatic or terrestrial habitats. Asexual morph. Colonies brown to dark brown, glistening, effuse, hairy, velvety. Mycelium partly superficial to immersed, septate, composed of hyaline to pale brown, branched hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, pale brown to brown, micronematous or macronematous, mononematous, cylindrical, straight or slightly flexuous, septate, smooth, thick-walled. Conidiogenous cells pale brown to brown, smooth, polyblastic or monoblastic, terminal or intercalary, cylindrical. Conidia mid-brown, acropleurogenous, solitary, straight or slightly curved, 1–4 - septate, strongly constricted at the septa, clavate, gourd shaped, guttulate, smooth-walled. Sexual morph. Undermined (Adapted from Liu et al. 2020).</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Cucurbitinus constrictus (I. Schmidt) L. L. Liu &amp; Z. Y. Liu, in Liu, Liu, Yang, Chen and Liu, Phytotaxa 455 (2): 126 (2020).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Cucurbitinus species are saprobic on dead decaying wood in aquatic or terrestrial habitats (Liu et al. 2020).</p><p>Morphologically the conidia of Cucurbitinus resembles those of Cirrenalia and Trichocladium, but not phylogenetically. Cucurbitinus constrictus clustered with C. iberica (= Cirrenalia iberica) in a clade including marine Ascomycota and a sister clade comprising two strains of Cirrenalia macrocephala .</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Molecular analysis for this genus placed it in a distinct clade in the Halosphaeriaceae . Also, the sequencing of new isolates is required. Divergence-time analysis indicates that it separated from allied genera such as Thalespora and Okeanomyces during the Paleogene – Neogene interval (~ 13 MYA; 95 % CI 2.7–59.5 MYA) (Fig. 5). Additional collections and sequencing of new isolates are required to better resolve its phylogenetic placement and confirm its circumscription.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/312BE12C281151A8A6C22B38A42B25A9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
473ECAB55B2A5659B9A7919EF8194CBE.text	473ECAB55B2A5659B9A7919EF8194CBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ebullia K. L. Pang	<div><p>Ebullia K. L. Pang, Mycoscience 56: 40 (2014)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose to ampulliform, immersed, ostiolate, with long necks, coriaceous, dark brown to black above, hyaline to brown below. Peridium two-layered, much thicker at the base. Necks periphysate. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, early deliquescing, developing at the base of the ascoma venter on a convex cushion of ascogenous cells. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, not or slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline, with a gelatinous sheath enclosing 6–7 subulate equatorial appendages evenly distributed around the septum and one similar appendage at each end; swells in water. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Ebullia octonae (Kohlm.) K. L. Pang, Mycoscience 56: 40 (2014).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Ebullia ( E. octonae) is similar to Nimbospora ( N. effusa, N. bipolaris) by having a spore sheath but differs from them in lacking the tuft-like equatorial appendages, but having subulate appendages at equatorial and polar positions of the ascospores after the sheath has dissolved (Kohlmeyer 1985).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>The two isolates of E. octonae formed a branch, separate from other taxa in the Halosphaeriaceae in the multi-gene analysis (Fig. 4), distantly placed from the Nimbospora clade. Divergence-time estimates indicate that Ebullia diverged from its nearest relatives around 203 MYA (95 % CI 74.3–552.7 MYA), underscoring its long and independent evolutionary history within the family (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/473ECAB55B2A5659B9A7919EF8194CBE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
710E637C00D755E1ADC2DAD56C9BEAA1.text	710E637C00D755E1ADC2DAD56C9BEAA1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ebullia octonae (Kohlm.) K. L. Pang	<div><p>Ebullia octonae (Kohlm.) K. L. Pang, Mycoscience 56: 40 (2014)</p><p>Nimbospora octonae Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 63 (6): 1122 (1985). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 850–1000 µm high, 600–1250 µm in diam., subglobose to ampulliform, immersed, ostiolate, with long necks, coriaceous, dark brown to black above, hyaline to brown below. Peridium 70–100 µm thick, two-layered; outer layer 40–60 µm thick, dark brown, irregular, growing into the tracheids and fibers of the substrate; inner layer 30–40 µm thick, hyaline, composed of flat cells, forming a textura angularis or prismatica, merging with the pseudoparenchyma of the centrum. Necks 200–500 µm long, 80–150 µm in diam., dark brown to black, ostiolar canal periphysate; periphyses surrounded by a gelatinous mass. Pseudoparenchyma thin-walled, polygonal cells filling the centrum of young ascomata, dissolving before ascospore maturity. Asci 110–135 × 35 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, aphysoclastic, maturing successively. Ascospores 22–29 (– 31) × 12–16 (– 18) µm, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, not or slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline, with a gelatinous sheath enclosing 6 subulate equatorial, 12–20 µm long appendages and one similar appendage at each end; the equatorial appendages are evenly distributed around the septum; the sheath swells in water from 3–4 to 22 µm; the sheath shrink completely onto appendages and the spore wall and the formerly hidden appendages become visible. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Ebullia octonae is saprobic on wood (Kohlmeyer 1985; Chu et al. 2015).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Brunei, Hawaiian Islands, India, Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/710E637C00D755E1ADC2DAD56C9BEAA1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
0B4C057ED4A45FEE85ED8E75A883A3E1.text	0B4C057ED4A45FEE85ED8E75A883A3E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fluviatispora K. D. Hyde	<div><p>Fluviatispora K. D. Hyde, Mycol. Res. 98: 720 (1994)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in fresh or brackish water. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose to subglobose or ellipsoidal, immersed in wood, light-brown, ostiolate, membranous and solitary. Asci 8 - spored, clavate or saccate, thin-walled, unitunicate, pedunculate and deliquescing early. Ascospores 2–3 - seriate, unicellular, ellipsoidal, hyaline, with a thin mucilaginous sheath. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Fluviatispora tunicata K. D. Hyde, Mycol. Res. 98: 722 (1994).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This genus is represented by two freshwater (Hyde 1994) and one brackish water species occurring on submerged wood in the tropics (Hyde 1994; Fryar and Hyde 2004). Fluviatispora possess characters that are common in Halosphaeriaceae and includes: asci are clavate, thin-walled and deliquesce early and hyaline ascospores with either a thin or wide spreading gelatinous sheath.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Molecular data is not available for the three Fluviatispora species. These species need to be recollected, isolated and sequenced to determine their placement in the Halosphaeriaceae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0B4C057ED4A45FEE85ED8E75A883A3E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
B5F554FAE7D1599DABD42040CF543791.text	B5F554FAE7D1599DABD42040CF543791.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fluviatispora tunicata K. D. Hyde	<div><p>Fluviatispora tunicata K. D. Hyde, Mycol. Res. 98: 722 (1994)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in fresh or brackish water. Sexual morph. Ascomata immersed, up to 150 µm diam., globose, subglobose or ellipsoidal, light-brown, ostiolate, thin-walled, membranous and solitary. Necks short, periphyses not seen. Peridium 10–14 µm thick, comprising thin-walled, compressed cells internally and brown-walled angular cells externally. Catenophyses not seen. Asci 62–102 × 24–45 µm, 8 - spored, clavate to saccate, thin-walled, unitunicate, pedunculate and deliquescing early. Ascospores 24–33 × 12–15 µm, 2–3 - seriate, unicellular, ellipsoidal, hyaline, with two large lipid globules, smooth walled, with an irregular spreading mucilaginous sheath. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Sequence data is not available for the three Fluviatispora species and they are only known from the type localities. Fluviatispora reticulata has larger ascospores dimensions than the other two species with an irregular spreading mucilaginous sheath; F. reticulata has longer and wider ellipsoidal ascospores than F. boothii . The latter species has fusiform ascospores with a narrow sheath. In F. reticulata the ascospores are ovoid and wider with radiating striations on the wall as well as a sheath.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Papua New Guinea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5F554FAE7D1599DABD42040CF543791	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
A83892281EDF5D08A7670D2CE8E8DE36.text	A83892281EDF5D08A7670D2CE8E8DE36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gesasha Abdel-Wahab & Nagah.	<div><p>Gesasha Abdel-Wahab &amp; Nagah., Nova Hedwigia 92 (3–4): 501 (2011)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose, elongate, ovate, hyaline to light brown, coriaceous, immersed or erumpent, solitary, ostiolate with a long hyaline neck. Necks hyaline, cylindrical, periphysate. Peridium thick-walled cells with large lumina, forming textura angularis, cells hyaline except the first outside layer which is brown in color. Catenophyses present. Asci unitunicate, clavate with a long stalk, with apical thickening and pore, apically truncate with cytoplasmic retraction, persistent, with eight overlapping biseriate ascospores, developing in a hymenium at base of ascoma venter. Ascospores 1 - septate, subglobose, ellipsoidal or foot-like, with sub-median septum, distoseptate, not constricted at the septa, thick-walled, the walls being 2–2.5 μm thick, hyaline becoming light brown with age, with polar to sub-apical amorphous, ephemeral appendages, smooth. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Gesasha peditatus Abdel-Wahab &amp; Nagah., Nova Hedwigia 92 (3–4): 502 (2011).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Gesasha is distinguished from other morphologically similar genera in the family Halosphaeriaceae by its ascospore morphology which includes: distoseptate, thick-walled ascospores with sub-median septum, foot-like shape and the amorphous apical to sub-apical ephemeral appendages. Several genera of marine ascomycetes have bicelled ascospores with ephemeral polar appendages, e. g. Aniptodera and Halosarpheia . Fungi belonging to the Aniptodera / Halosarpheia complex have polar unfurling appendages.</p><p>In the multigene phylogenetic analyses in this study (Fig. 4), the three species of Gesasha formed a monophyletic group with Moana (type species M. turbinulata) with high Bayesian support. Gesasha mangrovei is transferred to the new genus Neogesasha while G. unicellularis is transferred to the monotypic genus Thalassogena . There is no molecular data available for Thalassogena sphaerica, however, both taxa have common morphological characters and we believe that both fungi are better placed in the same genus.</p><p>Morphologically the four genera are clearly delineated: Gesasha peditatus ascospores 1 - septate, thick-walled with polar to sub-apical amorphous, ephemeral appendages, asci clavate with a long stalk, with apical thickening and pore and cytoplasmic retraction, persistent; Moana turbinulata asci clavate, pedunculate, apically rounded, without a pore, more or less persistent, ascospores unicellular, with a top-like polar appendage, ribbon-like which uncoils in water; Neogesasha mangrovei asci clavate with an apical thickening and pore, apically truncate with cytoplasmic retraction, persistent, ascospores 1 - septate, thick-walled, not constricted at the septum, and lacking appendages; and Thalassogena unicellularis asci with apical thickening and ring, apically truncate with cytoplasmic retraction, persistent, ascospores subglobose, rarely ellipsoidal, unicellular hyaline, lacking sheaths or appendages, with one large lipid globule surrounded by numerous small non-lipoid droplets.</p><p>The phylogenetic analyses also confirmed that Gesasha peditatus is unrelated to the complex with unfurling ascospore appendages.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Only the 28 S rDNA of G. peditatus is available for phylogenetic analysis. This species needs to be recollected, isolated and sequenced for multiple genes. Divergence-time analysis shows that Gesasha separated from Neogesasha around ~ 68 MYA (95 % CI: 21–222 MYA), supporting its recognition as a distinct but poorly sampled lineage within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A83892281EDF5D08A7670D2CE8E8DE36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
67C0D0E07DC95CAFBB370511A0FA627B.text	67C0D0E07DC95CAFBB370511A0FA627B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gesasha peditatus Abdel-Wahab & Nagah.	<div><p>Gesasha peditatus Abdel-Wahab &amp; Nagah., Nova Hedwigia 92 (3–4): 502 (2011)</p><p>Fig. 20</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying, intertidal mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 200–320 × 260–320 μm, subglobose, elongate, ovate, hyaline to light brown, coriaceous, immersed or erumpent, solitary, ostiolate with a long hyaline neck. Necks 300–800 × 60–90 μm, hyaline, cylindrical, periphysate, periphyses up to 22 μm in length and 0.5 μm in width. Peridium 20–24 μm wide, consisting of 7–9 layers of thick-walled cells with large lumina, forming textura angularis cells, hyaline except the first outside layer which is brown in color. Catenophyses present. Asci 100–150 × 20–30 μm, unitunicate, clavate with a long stalk, with apical thickening and pore, apically truncate with cytoplasmic retraction, persistent, with eight overlapping biseriate ascospores. Ascospores 18–30 × 9–16 μm, 1 - septate, subglobose, ellipsoidal or foot-like, with sub-median septum, distoseptate, not constricted at the septa, thick-walled, the walls 2–2.5 μm thick, hyaline becoming light brown with age, with polar to sub-apical amorphous, ephemeral appendages, smooth. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Japan, • Okinawa, Higashi-son, Gesashi mangroves, on decaying mangrove wood collected from the intertidal zone, July 2008, coll. M. A. Abdel-Wahab (IMI 397958, holotype) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>After the taxonomic revision proposed above, Gesasha becomes a monotypic marine genus, occurring on decaying mangrove wood (Abdel-Wahab and Nagahama 2011).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/67C0D0E07DC95CAFBB370511A0FA627B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
67CE03C4F7F759AAA982BE32B4ED95F8.text	67CE03C4F7F759AAA982BE32B4ED95F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Haligena elaterophora Kohlm.	<div><p>Haligena elaterophora Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 3: 87 (1961)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in marine environment. Sexual morph. Ascomata 205–580 µm in diam., globose or ovoid, immersed or superficial, ostiolate, papillate or epapillate, subcoriaceous or subcarbonaceous, black, solitary or gregarious. Peridium 13–29 µm thick, composed on the outside of thick-walled irregular cells, forming a textura epidermoidea. Papillae short or absent, conical; ostiolar canal periphysate. Pseudoparenchyma of thin-walled cells filling the venter of young ascocarps; eventually breaking up into catenophyses. Asci 82–184 × 22.5–49.5 µm, 8 - spored (rarely four), clavate and somewhat apiculate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, aphysoclastic, without an apical apparatus, early deliquescing; developing at the base of the ascocarp venter on a small-celled ascogenous tissue. Ascospores 24–54.5 × 10–17.5 µm (excluding appendages), biseriate, oblong ellipsoidal, 3 - septate (rarely up to five), constricted at the septa, hyaline, appendaged; immature ascospores surrounded by a gelatinous sheath that expands at maturity, remaining attached with a cone-shaped or semi globose protrusion to both apices; expanded elater-like appendages, curved, attenuate, channeled, spoon-shaped at the base. Asexual morph. Undetermined (Description based on Kohlmeyer 1961).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Haligena elaterophora has been widely collected in the temperate waters of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with collections from Denmark, Germany, Spain, Sweden, UK and the USA</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/67CE03C4F7F759AAA982BE32B4ED95F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
B38448FA2C20503A8656B62818957092.text	B38448FA2C20503A8656B62818957092.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Haligena Kohlm.	<div><p>Haligena Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 3: 87 (1961)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on well decayed wood in marine environments. Sexual morph. Ascomata are solitary or gregarious, globose to ovoid, immersed or superficial, sub carbonaceous, black, ostiolate, papillate, periphysate. Peridium composed of two cell layers, the outer thick-walled with irregular cells and the inner with elongate cells and a thin-walled pseudoparenchyma that forms catenophyses. Asci develop at the base of the ascocarp, 8 - spored, clavate, apiculate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, and deliquescing early. Ascospores are oblong ellipsoidal, 3–5 septate, constricted at the septa, hyaline with polar strap or tube-like appendages, that arise as outgrowths of the spore wall and are composed of an inner amorphous component and a narrower outer more compact material, with a discontinuous episporium beneath the area of attachment; the spore wall is composed of the episporium and mesosporium, the exosporium is absent (Adapted from Johnson et al. 1987). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Haligena elaterophora Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 3: 87 (1961).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Haligena is frequently encountered in marine habitats especially on decayed wood in temperate regions (Sakayaroj et al. 2005). This genus is characterized by having 3–5 - septate ascospores, with long, strap-like polar appendages that arise as outgrowths of the spore wall, lacking an exosporium to the spore wall and with no equatorial appendages (Johnson et al. 1987), which resemble those of Ceriosporopsis, but differ in that the latter has ascospores with an exosporium (Johnson et al. 1987).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Previous studies showed that Haligena formed a sister clade with the genus Ebullia (Chu et al. 2015). However, in our analysis (Fig. 4), Haligena occupied a basal position, forming the earliest diverging lineage in the Halosphaeriaceae . Divergence-time estimates place the crown of Haligena at ~ 27 MYA (95 % CI: 10–75 MYA), indicating that although morphologically distinctive, its diversification is comparatively recent within this ancient family (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B38448FA2C20503A8656B62818957092	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
E972272D13F45462AFAE832B7268C1CC.text	E972272D13F45462AFAE832B7268C1CC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Halosarpheia australiensis (K. D. Hyde) McKeown, S. T. Moss & E. B. G. Jones 2026	<div><p>Halosarpheia australiensis (K. D. Hyde) McKeown, S. T. Moss &amp; E. B. G. Jones comb. nov.</p><p>Tunicatispora australiensis K. D. Hyde, Austral. Syst. Bot. 3: 712 (1990). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying intertidal wood of Avicennia marina . Sexual morph. Ascomata 240–360 µm high, 220–320 µm diam., globose to subglobose, immersed or semi-immersed, hyaline below, hyaline to light brown on exposed upper surface, ostiolate, papillate, thin-walled, membranous, solitary or gregarious. Necks 180–220 × 45–64 µm, light brown, periphysate. Peridium up to 50 µm thick, composed of several layers of cells, pigmented, rounded and thick-walled towards the outside, elongate and thinner-walled towards the venter. Centrum breaking up into catenophyses. Asci 70–102 × 22–26 µm, ovoid to clavate, thin-walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored, deliquescing early. Ascospores 18–25 × 10–14 µm, 2–3 - seriate, 1 - septate, ellipsoidal, hyaline, thick-walled, and appendaged. Appendages of two types: a thin skin-like sheath which surrounds the ascospore with openings at each pole; and a viscous pad arising from these openings at each spore pole. The pad is attached to the spore apex by a single thread but the pad was seldom seen to unravel. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Australia, • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=151.38333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.633335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 151.38333/lat -33.633335)">Cannons Creek Coastal Reserve</a> (33°38'S, 151°23'E), near Melbourne, on decaying intertidal wood of Avicennia marina, February 1988, K. D. Hyde (BRIP 16783, holotype) ; Denmark, • On driftwood ( Quercus sp.) collected at Srandegaard Dyrehave, Jutland .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>McKeown et al. (1990) undertook a detailed ultrastructural study (SEM and TEM) of ascospore appendage development showing that the viscous pad described by Hyde (1990 b) was composed of a tightly coiled thread. Halosarpheia australiensis can easily be confused with H. trullifera as both polar appendages that unfurl to form thread-like structures which protrude through a layer enveloping the ascospore (McKeown et al. 1990). The outer layer, termed a sheath in H. trullifera (Jones et al. 1983 b; Farrant 1986) is thinner than that of H. australiensis . Halosarpheia trullifera differs from T. australiensis in that it has a thickened ascus apex and the polar appendage arise from a collar-like structure. In T. australiensis, the appendage protrudes through a pore in the exosporium and is formed prior to the development of the mesosporium (McKeown et al. 1990). Morphologically H. australiensis has all the attributes of the genus Halosarpheia, and we therefore transfer it to that genus.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Australia, Denmark</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E972272D13F45462AFAE832B7268C1CC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
01E3DB7C2E945FA682C83832D4CC25F5.text	01E3DB7C2E945FA682C83832D4CC25F5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Halosarpheia fibrosa Kohlm. & E. Kohlm.	<div><p>Halosarpheia fibrosa Kohlm. &amp; E. Kohlm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 68 (2): 208 (1977)</p><p>Figs 3 e, 21</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in aquatic habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata 380–440 µm high, 340–450 µm diam., obpyriform to subglobose, immersed or partly immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, brown to black, immersed part lighter-colored than the exposed neck and top. Necks 140–530 μm long, 130–200 μm diam. at the base, 90–110 μm diam. at the apex, periphysate. Peridium 40–60 μm thick, two-layered, forming a textura angularis, outer layer composed of 2–3 layers of polygonal or subglobose dark or light brown cells with large lumina, inner layer composed of 7–10 layers of elongated, hyaline cells with narrow lumina. Asci 160–220 × 34–46 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, persistent, unitunicate, thick-walled below the apex, pedicellate, without apical apparatuses. Catenophyses present. Ascospores 32–44 × 18–24 µm, hyaline, 1 - septate, broad ellipsoidal, not constricted at the septum, with bipolar appendages. Appendages 3–5 µm thick, 6–8 (– 11) µm diam., uncoils into a fine thread in water, 0.5–1 µm diam. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Halosarpheia fibrosa is most morphologically similar to H. trullifera, and both have ellipsoidal, 1 - septate ascospores with broadly rounded apices and two polar appendages that uncoil in water to form long filaments. However, H. fibrosa differs from H. trullifera in having larger ascospores (Kohlmeyer 1963; Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1977).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/01E3DB7C2E945FA682C83832D4CC25F5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
CB22E2BBA8FC59D490FC50FC22884B7D.text	CB22E2BBA8FC59D490FC50FC22884B7D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Halosarpheia Kohlm. & E. Kohlm.	<div><p>Halosarpheia Kohlm. &amp; E. Kohlm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 68 (2): 208 (1977)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged woody substrates in marine habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata perithecial, coriaceous, brown to black, solitary or gregarious, globose, subglobose, obpyriform, ellipsoidal, immersed to superficial, ostiolate, papillate or with long necked, multi-layered peridial wall. Catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, unitunicate, pedicellate, thin-walled with or without apical thickening, persistent or deliquesce early. Ascospores ellipsoidal, globose, subglobose, ovate, 0–1 - septate, with one or two polar appendages. Appendages coiled filaments enclosed in gelatinous membranes or amorphous material enclosed in cellular sheath that dissolves in water and the appendage swells to form long thread-like appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Halosarpheia fibrosa Kohlm. &amp; E. Kohlm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 68 (2): 208 (1977).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Halosarpheia species have been reported from decaying mangrove wood such as Avicennia germinans, Rhizophora mangle and Tamarix gallica (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1977), pneumatophores of Laguncularia racemosa (Kohlmeyer 1984), Bruguiera parviflora, Kandelia candel and Sonneratia alba (Lu et al. 2000), Avicennia marina (Abdel-Wahab et al. 2001), Rhizophora mucronata (Pande 2008), and other substrates e. g., senescent culms of Juncus roemerianus, leaf sheaths and stem of Phragmites australis, decaying wood in the sea (Koch 1982; Leong et al. 1991; Kohlmeyer et al. 1995; Poon and Hyde 1998; Abdel-Wahab and Nagahama 2012).</p><p>The polyphyletic nature of Halosarpheia has been reported based on the phylogeny of 18 S and 28 S rDNA sequences in early reports (Kong et al. 2000; Abdel-Wahab et al. 2001; Anderson et al. 2001; Pang et al. 2003 b). In this study, four Halosarpheia species ( H. fibrosa, H. trullifera, H. japonica and H. unicellularis) formed a monophyletic group with Tunicatispora australiensis . Tunicatispora australiensis is transferred to Halosarpheia . Halosarpheia marina was placed in a clade phylogenetically distant from Halosarpheia and grouped with species of Nimbospora but with no significant bootstrap support. Morphologically, Halosarpheia marina has characteristics of Halosarpheia and Aniptodera, but the phylogenetic analysis indicated it is not closely related to species in either genus. It was characterized by having clavate to subcylindrical asci with short pedicel and ascospores 18–23 (– 26) × 9–12 μm with appendages cap-like, then filamentous (Monod 1983; Kohlmeyer 1984). A new genus, Neohalosarpheia, is established from H. marina .</p><p>Currently, nine species are recognized in the genus Halosarpheia, recorded from marine habitats (Calabon et al. 2022). Halosarpheia australiensis, H. fibrosa, H. japonica, H. trullifera, H. unicellularis with molecular data, while H. bentotensis, H. culmiperda, H. minuta and H. phragmiticola lack molecular data (Jones et al. 2009, 2015, 2019). The five Halosarpheia species with molecular data share the following morphological features: large, dark brown to black, coriaceous ascomata with long periphysate necks; thick multi-layered peridial wall and globose, ovoid, widely ellipsoidal ascospores. These species differ from one another in ascomal shape and pigmentation, peridial cell wall thickening, presence or absence of a beak in immature asci, degree of ascus deliquescence, and ascospore size and septation (Abdel-Wahab and Nagahama 2012). Halosarpheia japonica differs from other Halosarpheia species in having an asexual morph with brown, helicoid conidia. Conidia are globose to subglobose, similar in color, generally increase in size from base to apex and tightly joined and appeared muriform (Abdel-Wahab and Nagahama 2012). The asexual stage of H. japonica is similar to other marine helicoid species such as Cirrenalia, Cumulospora and Zalerion .</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>In this study, Halosarpheia sensu stricto clade includes five species: H. fibrosa, H. trullifera, H. japonica, H. australiensis and H. unicellularis (Fig. 4). Four Halosarpheia species ( H. bentotensis, H. culmiperda, H. minuta and H. phragmiticola) lacks molecular data, and need to be recollected, isolated and sequenced to determine if they belong in the genus and in the Halosphaeriaceae . Divergence-time estimates place the crown of Halosarpheia at ~ 40 MYA (95 % CI: 10–160 MYA), supporting its recognition as a distinct and long-standing lineage within the family (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB22E2BBA8FC59D490FC50FC22884B7D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
4963D3563B285FDDB34E6E3AAEE4546A.text	4963D3563B285FDDB34E6E3AAEE4546A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Halosarpheia trullifera (Kohlm.) E. B. G. Jones, S. T. Moss & Cuomo	<div><p>Halosarpheia trullifera (Kohlm.) E. B. G. Jones, S. T. Moss &amp; Cuomo, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 80 (2): 200 (1983)</p><p>Remispora trullifera Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 6: 321 (1963). Basionym.</p><p>Halosphaeria trullifera (Kohlm.) Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 50 (9): 1957 (1972). Synonym.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species has a chequered history, initially introduced as Remispora trullifera (Kohlmeyer 1963) but subsequently transferred to Halosphaeria based on his interpretation of ascospore appendage morphology (Kohlmeyer 1972). Halosarpheia trullifera has ascospore with a polar cap-like appendages closely adpressed to the spore wall but following release from the ascus become fibrillar as in Halosarpheia . Jones et al. (1983 b) undertook an SEM study of the ascospore appendages which appeared to be composed of amorphous material, which on exposure to seawater unraveled to form thread-like polar appendages. Based on these observations, Jones et al. (1983 b) transferred the species to Halosarpheia .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Australia, Denmark, Portugal.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4963D3563B285FDDB34E6E3AAEE4546A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
FE850E02EDA45850ADF388E71C566B6D.text	FE850E02EDA45850ADF388E71C566B6D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Halosphaeria appendiculata Linder	<div><p>Halosphaeria appendiculata Linder, Farlowia 1 (3): 412 (1944)</p><p>Figs 2 a, 6</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on drift wood in marine water. Sexual morph. Ascomata 140–330 × 140–500 μm, solitary, sometimes gregarious, globose, subglobose, obpyriform, ellipsoidal, immersed to superficial, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, pale brown to black, necks variable in length, periphysate, centrum breaking up into deliquescing catenophyses. Peridium 10–28 μm wide, comprises 4–6 layers of thick-walled, brown to dark brown cells of textura angularis hyaline towards the inner. Asci 50–108 × 10–24 μm, 4 or 8 - spored, unitunicate, thin-walled, clavate, pedicellate, lacking an apical apparatus, deliquescing early and developing at the base of the ascocarp from a pad of ascogenous hyphae. Ascospores 16–29 × 6–12 μm (excluding appendages), overlapping 2–3 seriate, hyaline, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at the septum, with 3–4, equatorial appendages 7–25 × 1–3 μm that are obclavate and form deep spoon-shaped structures at the regions of attachment and two morphologically similar polar appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>UK, • Hampshire, Portsmouth, Langstone harbour, on unidentified drift wood, 26 January 2018, E. B. G. Jones, GJ 457 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Halosphaeria appendiculata occurs most frequently in marine substrates (Abdel-Wahab 2011 a), and is a saprobe on decaying, submerged wood in the intertidal, submerged and driftwood, on bark, test panels and other cellulosic materials (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979; Jones et al. 2009, 2015). Although this species is cosmopolitan in its distribution, it tends to occur more frequently in temperate waters than in tropical locations (Cribb and Cribb 1956; Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979; Jones 1985; Nakagiri 1989).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Argentina, Australia, Canada, Chile, Denmark, France, Germany, Iceland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Japan, UK (England, Scotland, Wales), USA (Massachusetts, Rhode Island, North Carolina), USSR.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FE850E02EDA45850ADF388E71C566B6D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
38CD97F8448754269D75368A4E36C793.text	38CD97F8448754269D75368A4E36C793.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Halosphaeria Linder	<div><p>Halosphaeria Linder, Farlowia 1 (3): 412 (1944)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood in marine environments. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary, sometimes gregarious, globose, subglobose, obpyriform, ellipsoidal, immersed to superficial, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, pale brown to black, necks variable in length, periphysate, centrum breaking up into deliquescing catenophyses. Peridium comprises 4–6 layers of thick-walled, brown to dark brown cells of textura angularis, hyaline towards the inner. Asci 8 - spored, unitunicate, thin-walled, clavate, pedicellate, lacking an apical apparatus, deliquescing early and developing at the base of the ascocarp from a pad of ascogenous hyphae. Ascospores overlapping 2–3 seriate, hyaline, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at the septum, with 3–4, equatorial appendages that are obclavate and form deep spoon-shaped structures at the regions of attachment and two morphologically similar polar appendages. Appendages initially closely wrapped around the spore, expanding in seawater and possess a folded substructure. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Halosphaeria appendiculata Linder, Farlowia 1 (3): 412 (1944).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Other species assigned to the genus by Kohlmeyer (1972) have been transferred to other genera such as Antennospora, Halosphaeriopsis, Okeanomyces, and Remispora as a result of ultrastructural and molecular studies (Jones et al. 1984, 2009, 2015). The unique feature of the genus Halosphaeria is the inverted or spoon-shaped nature of the polar and equatorial appendages (Jones et al. 1984). Transmission electron microscopy showed that the ascospore wall comprises two layers, a thin electron-dense episporium and a thicker inner, less electron-dense mesosporium without an exosporium (Lutley and Wilson 1972; Jones et al. 1984). Outermost layer of the spore wall and the first to form is the epispore (Kirk 1966). The young spore becomes more angular, forming projections at both poles and at several points of the equator. Appendages are initially closely wrapped around the spore, and unfold in water. At maturity, appendages composed of electron-dense strands with a less electron-dense amorphous component (Hyde et al. 1994). Kirk (1966) suggested that the mesospore may consist largely of glucans and when the spore develops, glycogen builds up in the cytoplasm. Initial phylogenetic analyses with combined 18 S and 28 S rDNA data of Spatafora et al. (1998) showed H. appendiculata and Corollospora maritima were placed as a sister group to Microascus trigonosporus . Studies by Campbell et al. (2003) described the placement of H. appendiculata sister to Lignincola laevis within Halosphaeriaceae, this was supported by several later studies by Pang (2001), Jones et al. (2009, 2015), Sakayaroj et al. (2011), and Jones et al. (2017). In our phylogenetic analyses, the two H. appendiculata strains formed a well-supported lineage sister to Lignincola (Fig. 4).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Halosphaeria is a well-established monotypic genus in the Halosphaeriaceae, which diverged from its sister genus Lignincola around ~ 86.8 MYA (95 % CI: 29.7–253.5 MYA), while the crown of Halosphaeria itself is comparatively young at ~ 9.3 MYA (95 % CI: 1.9–45.6 MYA) (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/38CD97F8448754269D75368A4E36C793	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
0370DBD215F4549EBB00BD875D7DECFC.text	0370DBD215F4549EBB00BD875D7DECFC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Halosphaeriaceae Kohlm.	<div><p>Halosphaeriaceae E. Müll. &amp; Arx ex Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 50 (9): 1951 (1972)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on algae, immersed or submersed on phanerogams, wood, bark, leaves, and other cellulosic plant remains, grains of sand, or in calcareous shell fragments, rarely parasitic or symbiotic, on polyurethane panels, found in marine (oceans and estuaries) and freshwater habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose, ellipsoidal or cylindrical or pyriform, hyaline or dark; sometimes subiculate, rarely stromatic; superficial or immersed. Ostioles papillate to long cylindrical; ostiolar canal with periphyses or pseudoparenchyma; rarely without ostioles. Peridium soft or subcarbonaceous, composed of flattened, thick or thin-walled cells. Centre of immature ascomata consisting of polygonal, thin-walled, pseudoparenchymatic cells, sometimes with pits, at maturation separating to form catenophyses or compressed by the asci and deliquescing. Paraphyses absent. Hymenial layer at base of venter, flat or convex. Mature ascospores filling the venter of the ascoma, released singly through ostiole or rarely within the ascus, which swells after dispersal. Asci fusiform, clavate or rarely subglobose, with or without apical structures, thin-walled, 1 - layered, persistent or swelling and deliquescing at or before ascospore maturity. Ascospores overlapping 2–3 seriate, hyaline or light brown, broad-ellipsoidal, 1 - multi septate, mostly with characteristic ornamentations, with appendages or gelatinous sheaths, or both. Asexual morph. Hyphomycetes, conidiogensis holoblastic, or obsolete, conidia variable, coiled, terminal, septate or muriform, branched or staurospores, conidia solitary pyriform thick-walled, hyaline or brown, forming chlamydospores or sclerocarps.</p><p>Type genus.</p><p>Halosphaeria Linder, Farlowia 1 (3): 412 (1944).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Although around 62 % of halosphaeriaceous species have been sequenced, their phylogenetic clading is not supported by morphological features (Sakayaroj et al. 2011). This indicates that certain characters have evolved and been lost several times (Jones et al. 2017). Based on our divergence-time analyses (Fig. 5), Halosphaeriaceae originated in the Paleozoic, with a crown age of ~ 545 Ma (95 % CI: 351–846 MYA), highlighting its ancient evolutionary history.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0370DBD215F4549EBB00BD875D7DECFC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
CE8D53B766935E7CAECE49D26E89C304.text	CE8D53B766935E7CAECE49D26E89C304.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Halosphaeriopsis alopallonella (Meyers & R. T. Moore) Devadatha, Day. & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Halosphaeriopsis alopallonella (Meyers &amp; R. T. Moore) Devadatha, Day. &amp; E. B. G. Jones comb. nov.</p><p>Humicola alopallonella Meyers &amp; R. T. Moore, Amer. J. Bot. 47 (5): 346 (1960). Basionym.</p><p>Trichocladium alopallonellum (Meyers &amp; R. T. Moore) Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Mycotaxon 53: 352 (1995). Synonymy.</p><p>Halosphaeriopsis alopallonella (Meyers &amp; R. T. Moore) Devadatha &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Bot. Mar. 66 (4): 224 (2023).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Undetermined. Asexual morph. Hyphomycetous. Hyphae hyaline to light brown, septate, branched. Conidiophores micronematous, mononematous, resemble non-specialized short lateral vegetative hyphae or conidiophore indistinct, conidia developing directly on hyphae. Conidia 14–24 μm × 7–11 μm, solitary, thick-walled, smooth, straight, 2–4 septate, strongly constricted at the septa, apical cell large subglobose, ellipsoidal, ovoidal to obpyriform, fuscous, reddish-brown to dark brown, basal cell smaller, obconical, light brown (Description based on Pang et al. 2011).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Usa, • Tilia americana, wood, in seawater; Culture isolated by S. P. Meyers, No. F-123, Sept. 1960 (Holotype); USA Florida, Marine Laboratory, Univ. Miami .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>In Fig. 4, Trichocladium alopallonella formed a monophyletic group with H. mediosetigera with strong branch support. Therefore, T. alopallonella is transferred to Halosphaeriopsis in this study.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Australia, Bahamas, Bermuda, Cameron, Canada, France, Germany, India, Italy, Ivory Coast, Japan, Liberia, Norway, UK (England, Scotland, Wales), USA (Alaska, Hawaii, Washington), Yemen.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE8D53B766935E7CAECE49D26E89C304	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
BF9EC6825B355924BF7CCC6DC82DACA1.text	BF9EC6825B355924BF7CCC6DC82DACA1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Halosphaeriopsis mediosetigera (Cribb & J. W. Cribb) T. W. Johnson	<div><p>Halosphaeriopsis mediosetigera (Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb) T. W. Johnson, J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 74: 44 (1958)</p><p>Fig. 1 f</p><p>Halosphaeria mediosetigera Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb, Pap. Dept. Bot. Univ. Queensland 3 (12): 100 (1956). Basionym.</p><p>Culcitalna achraspora Meyers &amp; R. T. Moore, Amer. J. Bot. 47 (5): 348 (1960). Synonym.</p><p>Trichocladium achrasporum (Meyers &amp; R. T. Moore) M. Dixon, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 51 (1): 163 (1968).</p><p>Trichocladium achrasporum (Meyers &amp; R. T. Moore) M. Dixon ex Shearer &amp; J. L. Crane, Mycologia 63 (2): 244 (1971).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic marine fungus. Sexual morph. Ascomata 138–590 µm, subglobose or ellipsoidal, immersed or partly immersed, ostiolate, papillate, subcarbonaceous, black, solitary or gregarious. Peridium 12–32 µm thick, composed of five to eight (to twenty) layers of irregular, polygonal, thick-walled cells, forming a textura angularis, merging into the pseudoparenchyma of the venter. Papillae or necks 35–320 µm long, 35–80 (– 140) µm in diam., conical or subcylindrical, centric or eccentric, dark, ostiolar canal periphysate. Asci 62.5–168 (– 200) × 20–48 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, aphysoclastic. Ascospores 24–44.5 × 8–17 (– 20) µm (excluding appendages), ellipsoidal or subfusiform, 1 - septate, not or slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline, appendaged; at both ends with a small cap that may invert; around the septum three (rarely four) crescent-shaped, rigid, attenuate appendages, (12 –) 24.5–40 µm long, up to 1.3 µm in diam. at the base, obliquely attached to the septum, developing by fragmentation of the exospore. Asexual morph. Conidiophores absent or short, zero- to four-septate, simple, formed laterally on hyphae, hyaline to light brown or fuscous. Conidia (blastoconidia) (15 –) 20–34 (– 45) × (8 –) 10–24 µm clavate, ovoid or obpyriform, two- to five-septate, constricted at the septa, straight or slightly curved, increasing in diameter from base to apex, formed singly on the conidiophores; apical cells subglobose, dark brown; basal cells conical or subcylindrical, subhyaline to light brown or fuscous. Chlamydospores are 6–16, catenulate µm, dark brown; chains up to 500 µm, long chains up to 35 - celled, terminal, rarely intercalary, simple; cells increasing in diameter from base to apex, 7.5–19 µm long, globose or ellipsoidal (Description adapted from Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Halosphaeriopsis mediosetigera is an interesting species as it was the first marine ascomycete to be sequenced and its position in the Halosphaeriaceae confirmed (Spatafora and Blackwell 1994). It also was the first to be studied at the SEM level by Moss and Jones (1977) who demonstrated that the polar and equatorial appendages were formed by fragmentation of an exosporic sheath. Shearer and Crane (1977) showed that the asexual morph of H. mediosetigera was Trichocladium achrasporum based on cultural observations. Subsequently, Shearer (1986) opined that the sexual morph of this species did not produce the asexual morph in culture, and no isolate of the asexual state had been shown to produce the sexual stage.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Australia, Canada, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Iceland, Germany, Japan, Liberia, Mexico, Portugal, Senegal, Spain, UK (England, Scotland, Wales), USA (California, Florida, Maryland, Washington).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BF9EC6825B355924BF7CCC6DC82DACA1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
01A19C8519AE52068F685F29B16FD5B7.text	01A19C8519AE52068F685F29B16FD5B7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Halosphaeriopsis T. W. Johnson	<div><p>Halosphaeriopsis T. W. Johnson, J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 74: 44 (1958)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic marine fungus. Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose or ellipsoidal, immersed or partly immersed, ostiolate, papillate, subcarbonaceous, black, solitary or gregarious. Peridium composed of five to eight (to twenty) layers of irregular, polygonal, thick-walled cells, forming a textura angularis, merging into the pseudoparenchyma of the venter. Papillae or necks are conical or subcylindrical, centric or eccentric, dark; ostiolar canal filled with a small-celled pseudoparenchyma, composed of thin-walled, large cells filling venter of young ascocarps, early deliquescing. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, aphysoclastic, without apical apparatus, early deliquescing; developing at the base of the ascocarp venter on a small-celled ascogenous tissue. Ascospores ellipsoidal or subfusiform, 1 - septate, not or slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline, appendaged; at both ends with a small cap that may invert; around the septum three (rarely four) crescent-shaped, rigid, attenuate appendages, obliquely attached to the septum, developing by fragmentation of the exospore. Asexual morph. Conidiophores absent or short, zero- to four-septate, simple, formed laterally on hyphae, hyaline to light brown or fuscous. Conidia (blastoconidia) are clavate, ovoid or obpyriform, two- to five-septate, constricted at the septa, straight or slightly curved, increasing in diameter from base to apex, formed singly on the conidiophores; apical cells subglobose, dark brown; basal cells conical or subcylindrical, subhyaline to light brown or fuscous. Chlamydospores catenulate, dark brown; chains up to 35 - celled, terminal, rarely intercalary, simple; cells increasing in diameter from base to apex, globose or ellipsoidal (Description adapted from Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979).</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Halosphaeriopsis mediosetigera (Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb) T. W. Johnson, J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 74: 44 (1958).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The two Halosphaeriopsis species are saprobic fungi, capable of colonizing a wide variety of plant substrates and algae, also having a wide distribution around the world, displaying a cosmopolitan distribution range (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Both Halosphaeriopsis species formed a monophyletic clade outside the major clade of Corollospora spp. with weak support (Fig. 4). Divergence-time analysis indicates that Halosphaeriopsis separated from Corollospora during the Triassic – Jurassic (~ 243 MYA, 95 % CI: 95–624 MYA), supporting its recognition as an independent lineage despite limited molecular resolution (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/01A19C8519AE52068F685F29B16FD5B7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
BBACD97231A053AA8762D4015592620E.text	BBACD97231A053AA8762D4015592620E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Havispora K. L. Pang & Vrijmoed 2008	<div><p>Havispora K. L. Pang &amp; Vrijmoed, Mycologia 100 (2): 293 (2008)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on driftwood. Sexual morph. Ascomata black, ellipsoidal or subglobose, coriaceous. Periphyses absent. Peridium dark-colored, 2 - layered, outer stratum of cells ex textura angularis, inner stratum of elongated cells. Asci clavate, thin-walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored, persistent, developing at the base of ascoma venter. Catenophyses present. Ascospores ellipsoidal, thin-walled, with one appendage at each pole and four equatorial appendages of equal dimension. Appendages one tuft at polar and four tufts at equatorial positions, string-like composed of intertwining strands which split in seawater. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Havispora longyearbyenensis K. L. Pang &amp; Vrijmoed, Mycologia 100 (2): 293 (2008).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Havispora ( H. longyearbyenensis) belongs to the Halosphaeriaceae with the presence of catenophyses, persistent asci with no apical structure and hyaline ascospores with appendages. Its ascospore appendage morphology and ontogeny are unique, i. e. string-like appendages composed of intertwining strands at polar and equatorial positions (Pang et al. 2008 b). Among the genera in the Halosphaeriaceae, polar and equatorial appendages are also present in the following genera: Corollospora, Halosphaeria, Halosphaeriopsis, Marinospora, Nautosphaeria, Nereiospora, Ocostaspora and Sablicola . Appendages in Havispora are string-like and thus differ from Nereiospora species which have central brown cells and in spore measurements. Transmission electron micrographs showed that appendages of N. comata are attached to the spore wall by a pad, which is not present in Havispora (Jones and Moss 1980). Also, Nautosphaeria, Nereiospora and Sablicola lack catenophyses.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>A partial 28 S rDNA sequence of H. longyearbyenensis is available in the GenBank, and formed a weakly supported sister relationship with Nereiospora comata and N. cristata phylogenetically (Sakayaroj et al. 2011). In this study Fig. 4, H. longyearbyenensis formed a weakly supported clade with Nereiospora spp. and Magnisphaera spp. Further collections are required to establish its relationship with other taxa in the Halosphaeriaceae . Divergence-time analysis places this relationship in the ~ 182 MYA; 95 % CI: 57.7–516.3 MYA, but the limited data highlight the need for further collections and multi-gene sequencing to clarify its position in the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BBACD97231A053AA8762D4015592620E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
608000D2395F57A282D3C95025E0FAAD.text	608000D2395F57A282D3C95025E0FAAD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Havispora longyearbyenensis K. L. Pang & Vrijmoed	<div><p>Havispora longyearbyenensis K. L. Pang &amp; Vrijmoed, Mycologia 100 (2): 293 (2008)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on driftwood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 442 – (616) – 787 × 306 – (422) – 607 µm, solitary, black, ellipsoidal to subglobose, immersed, coriaceous. Peridium 29 – (37) – 44 µm, dark-colored, 2 - layered, outer stratum with 5–7 rows of cells of textura angularis, inner stratum with 3–4 rows of elongated cells. Necks 43 – (61) – 80 × 33 – (69) – 88 µm, periphyses absent. Asci 88 – (103) – 114 × 20 – (25) – 33 µm, clavate, pedunculate, thin-walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored, persistent, developing at the base of the ascoma venter. Catenophyses present, 105 – (132) – 165 × 5 – (6) – 8 µm. Ascospores 24 – (30) – 36 × 8 – (11) – 14 µm, ellipsoidal, hyaline, thin-walled, 3 - septate constricted at the septa, with tufts of appendages. Appendages 4 – (10) – 14 µm long, at one polar tuft, and four tufts in an equatorial position, string-like composed of intertwining strands that split in seawater. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Havispora longyearbyenensis is saprobic on driftwood (Pang et al. 2008 b).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Sweden, Norway.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/608000D2395F57A282D3C95025E0FAAD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
0C8EA5F51BE7532BBAF1812A03D2AF3B.text	0C8EA5F51BE7532BBAF1812A03D2AF3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Iwilsoniella E. B. G. Jones 1991	<div><p>Iwilsoniella E. B. G. Jones, Syst. Ascomycetum 10: 8 (1991)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose, dark brown, membranous, superficial or immersed, solitary or gregarious, ostiolate, papillate. Peridium is composed of two types of cells, an outer layer of rectangular, thick-walled and melanized cells, the inner layer has thin-walled, pseudoparenchymatous cells. Necks (100 -) 250–300 × 50–60 µm, periphyses absent. Asci 55–75 × 20–28 µm, thin-walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate, deliquescing early, pedicellate. Catenophyses absent. Ascospores 12–18 µm, hyaline, round, thin-walled, one-celled with no appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined (Adapted from https://www.marinefungi.org).</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Iwilsoniella rotunda E. B. G. Jones, Syst. Ascomycetum 10: 8 (1991).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>As a marine fungus in the Halosphaeriaceae, Iwilsoniella ( I. rotunda) is unusual as it lacks ascospores with elaborate appendages and resembles the genera Anisostagma, Moana and Thalassogena, which have spherical-ellipsoidal hyaline, unicellular ascospores. Anisostagma differs from Iwilsoniella in the dark brown color of the ascomata, as well as possessing catenophyses and periphyses. Moana is distinguished from Iwilsoniella by possessing cream colored ascomata, and ascospores with a single polar, uncoiling strap-like appendage. Iwilsoniella has deliquescing asci without apical structures, which differentiates it from Thalassogena . Despite lacking appendages, the spore wall appears to have a membranous material that peels off the spore wall (Hyde et al. 1989; Jones 1991).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>There are currently no available sequences and cultures. Recollecting and sequencing are required to determine the placement of Iwilsoniella in the Halosphaeriaceae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0C8EA5F51BE7532BBAF1812A03D2AF3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
7934FC2674855D4CB9FD23E870F21FC4.text	7934FC2674855D4CB9FD23E870F21FC4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Iwilsoniella rotunda E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Iwilsoniella rotunda E. B. G. Jones, Syst. Ascomycetum 10: 8 (1991)</p><p>Fig. 22</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 250–400 µm high × 200–230 µm diam., subglobose, dark brown, membranous, superficial or immersed, solitary or gregarious, ostiolate, papillate. Peridium 10–24 µm thick, composed of two types of cells, an outer layer of rectangular, thick-walled and melanized cells, the inner layer has thin-walled, pseudoparenchymatous cells. Periphyses absent. Asci thin walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate, deliquescing early, pedicellate. Catenophyses absent. Ascospores are hyaline, round, thin-walled, one-celled with no appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined (Adapted from https://www.marinefungi.org).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Iwilsoniella rotunda is a saprobic fungus, capable of tolerating brackish to full seawater, initially found on wood test blocks that were exposed in a cooling tower at the Stella North power station (Jones 1991).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7934FC2674855D4CB9FD23E870F21FC4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
CCB2D923A6215DD3A99C562D2E74D6E2.text	CCB2D923A6215DD3A99C562D2E74D6E2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Jinshana K. L. Pang, M. W. L. Chiang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Jinshana K. L. Pang, M. W. L. Chiang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 130: 118 (2024)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on trapped wood on a rocky shore. Sexual morph. Ascomata superficial, globose to subglobose, solitary to gregarious, coriaceous, yellow to brown, ostiolate, papillate. Necks short, cylindrical, white to pale yellow. Periphyses not observed. Peridium comprising an outer stratum (5–8 layers) of hyaline cells of textura angularis with large lumina and an inner stratum (3–4 layers) of hyaline and elongated cells. Catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, unitunicate, thin-walled, clavate with a flattened apex, pedunculate. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, with one large oil globule in each cell, not constricted at the septum, thick-walled, hyaline, appendaged. Appendages bipolar, initially adpressed to the ascospore wall, unravelling in sea water to form a long thin filament. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Jinshana tangtangiae K. L. Pang, M. W. L. Chiang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 130: 118 (2024).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Morphologically, Jinshana is related to the complex with unfurling ascospore appendages, including Aniptodera, Halosarpheia and Phaeonectriella . However, Jinshana did not group with any genera in the Halosphaeriaceae with unfurling ascospore appendages, but with the genus Qarounispora (Fig. 4). Jinshana differs in having clavate asci with a flattened apex, and the presence of bipolar ascospore appendages which unravel in seawater, in contrast to the broad clavate asci without an apical apparatus and broadly ellipsoidal ascospores with a unipolar appendage which swells in water to form an irregular amorphous structure in Qarounispora (Nourel-Din et al. 2022).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Jinshana tangtangiae and Qarounispora grandiappendiculata formed a highly supported clade, adjacent to Nimbospora, Phaeonectriella and the new genus Neohalosarpheia . Divergence-time analysis indicates that this lineage originated in the ~ 4 MYA; 95 % CI: 1.3–10.5 MYA, supporting its recognition as a distinct evolutionary branch within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CCB2D923A6215DD3A99C562D2E74D6E2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
9072566B05A156548DCAA6513253FF9D.text	9072566B05A156548DCAA6513253FF9D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Jinshana tangtangiae K. L. Pang, M. W. L. Chiang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Jinshana tangtangiae K. L. Pang, M. W. L. Chiang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 130: 118 (2024)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on trapped wood on a rocky shore. Sexual morph. Ascomata 181–245 μm high, 181–266 μm diam., superficial, globose to subglobose, solitary to gregarious, coriaceous, yellow to brown, ostiolate, papillate. Necks short, 53–117 μm long, 32–64 μm diam., cylindrical, yellow to brown. Periphyses not observed. Peridium 21–53 μm, comprising an outer stratum (5–8 layers) of hyaline cells of textura angularis with large lumina and an inner stratum (3–4 layers) of hyaline and elongated cells. Catenophyses present. Asci 105–142 × 19–28 μm, 8 - spored, unitunicate, thin-walled, clavate with a flattened apex, pedunculate. Ascospores 21–28 × 10–11 μm, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, with one large oil globule in each cell, not constricted at the septum, thick-walled, hyaline, appendaged. Appendages bipolar, initially adpressed to the ascospore wall, unravelling in sea water to form a long thin filament. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Taiwan, • Jin-Shan (New Taipei City, Taiwan). On a piece of unidentified trapped wood, 1 June 2022, S. Y. Guo and K. L. Pang, F 0036020 (National Museum of Natural Science, Taiwan, holotype), dried wood .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Jinshana tangtangiae is saprobic on unidentified trapped wood at a rocky shore in Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9072566B05A156548DCAA6513253FF9D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
D1F1F938453D593E889EA00599288DF7.text	D1F1F938453D593E889EA00599288DF7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kitesporella Jheng & K. L. Pang	<div><p>Kitesporella Jheng &amp; K. L. Pang, Bot. Mar. 55: 462 (2012)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose to subglobose, hyaline, solitary, immersed, coriaceous, ostiolate. Necks short, periphyses absent. Peridium thick, two layers, composed of an inner layer of elongate cells with large lumina and an outer layer of cells of textura angularis. Asci clavate, unitunicate, thin-walled, short pedunculate, 8 - spored, persistent or semi-persistent, developing at the base of ascoma venter. Catenophyses absent. Ascospores kite or rhomboid shape, unicellular, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Kitesporella keelungensis Jheng &amp; K. L. Pang, Bot. Mar. 55: 462 (2012).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Kitesporella belongs to the Halosphaeriaceae with its perithecioid ascomata, pseudoparenchymatous centrum, clavate asci, and hyaline ascospores and its marine occurrence (Pang and Jheng 2012 a). The kite- / rhomboid-shape ascospores of K. keelungensis are unique in the family and can be differentiated from the closely related genera ( Anisostagma, Iwilsoniella, Thalassogena) which possess globose / subglobose ascospores (Pang and Jheng 2012 a).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>No sequences are available for K. keelungensis as ascospores did not germinate in culture for molecular analysis and direct extraction of DNA from spore mass also did not yield any DNA (Pang and Jheng 2012 a). The species needs to be recollected, isolated and sequenced.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D1F1F938453D593E889EA00599288DF7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
69245A73D69256AB9E411A1893FCFBA9.text	69245A73D69256AB9E411A1893FCFBA9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kitesporella keelungensis Jheng & K. L. Pang	<div><p>Kitesporella keelungensis Jheng &amp; K. L. Pang, Bot. Mar. 55: 462 (2012)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 182 – (244) – 271 × 318 – (360) – 382 μm, pyriform, globose to subglobose, hyaline, solitary, immersed, coriaceous, ostiolate. Necks 44 × 162 μm, periphyses absent. Peridium 15 – (52) – 85 μm thick, composed of an inner layer of elongate cells with large lumina and an outer layer of cells of textura angularis. Asci 75 – (99) – 144 × 27 – (35) – 45 μm, clavate, unitunicate, thin-walled, short pedunculate, 8 - spored, persistent or semi-persistent, developing at the base of ascoma venter. Catenophyses absent. Ascospores 16 – (20) – 26 × 11 – (13) – 15 μm, kite or rhomboid shape, unicellular, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Kitesporella keelungensis is saprobic on wood.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/69245A73D69256AB9E411A1893FCFBA9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
52D214A149BA5165BE1AF4C7EE014C6B.text	52D214A149BA5165BE1AF4C7EE014C6B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kochiella crispa (Kohlm.) Sakay., K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Kochiella crispa (Kohlm.) Sakay., K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 46: 96 (2011)</p><p>Fig. 23 c, d</p><p>Remispora crispa Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 59 (7): 1317 (1981). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood and other cellulosic materials. Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose to ellipsoidal, superficial to immersed, ostiolate, papillate, periphysate, coriaceous, thin-walled, hyaline to cream colored, solitary. Peridium composed of 4 to 5 layers of flat, thin-walled cells, merging into the pseudoparenchyma of the center. Necks cylindrical; ostiolar canal with periphyses. Paraphyses absent; center of immature ascomata filled with a hyaline, thin-walled deliquescing pseudoparenchyma. Asci 8 - spored, ellipsoidal to clavate, short stipitate, unitunicate, thin-walled, dissolving at spore maturity. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, slightly or not constricted at the septum, hyaline, at first at both apices with a wide cap that extends along one side to the middle of each cell. Appendages initially sub-gelatinous, upon release into the water becoming detached from the side of the spore, remaining attached to the spore apices; the lower part of the appendages swells and parallel fibers become apparent; fibers are straight near the point of attachment, but become wavy above; developed appendages are at first yoke-like, later scoop-shaped when they become detached from the lateral spore wall and invert. Asexual morph. not observed.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Denmark, • unidentified intertidal wood (BCC 33502, BCC 33504, BCC 33507, living culture).</p><p>Note.</p><p>Ascospores germinate readily on agar plates and grow slowly but do not sporulate in culture. It is not widely collected but reported frequently from Denmark and India.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Hawaii, Japan, Liberia, Martinique, Portugal, Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/52D214A149BA5165BE1AF4C7EE014C6B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
2920E2787F1B51EABD2A628286435AFA.text	2920E2787F1B51EABD2A628286435AFA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kochiella Sakayaroj, K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Kochiella Sakayaroj, K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 46: 96 (2011)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose to ellipsoidal, superficial to immersed, ostiolate, papillate, periphysate, coriaceous, thin-walled, hyaline to cream colored. Asci ellipsoidal to clavate, thin-walled, deliquescing at maturity. Ascospores 1 - septate, hyaline, appendages pleomorphic. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Kochiella crispa (Kohlm.) Sakay., K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 46: 96 (2011).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Kochiella is saprobic, described from submerged and intertidal wood (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Kochiella crispa formed a weakly clade with Ocostaspora apilongissima (Fig. 4). Divergence-time estimates place this association in the Miocene (~ 16 MYA, 95 % CI: 4–72 MYA) (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2920E2787F1B51EABD2A628286435AFA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
28FBE82FF5E85D3AAE86C61801889F78.text	28FBE82FF5E85D3AAE86C61801889F78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lautisporopsis circumvestita (Kohlm.) E. B. G. Jones, Yusoff & S. T. Moss	<div><p>Lautisporopsis circumvestita (Kohlm.) E. B. G. Jones, Yusoff &amp; S. T. Moss, in Jones, Mycotaxon 67: 1 (1998)</p><p>Halosphaeria circumvestita Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 2: 307 (1960). Basionym.</p><p>Ceriosporopsis circumvestita (Kohlm.) Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 50 (9): 1953 (1972). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on intertidal, lignocellulosic materials, test panels. Sexual morph. Ascomata 135–325 high, 150–450 µm diam., subglobose to ovoid, generally immersed, sometimes superficial, hyaline to dark brown, coriaceous, solitary. Peridium 12–17 µm wide, comprises two cell types, an outer zone of 4–5 layers of cells that are thick-walled and roundish to ellipsoidal, and an inner layer of elongate, hyaline cells. Necks usually short, 102–850 × 41–55 µm, with 4–5 layers of thick-walled cells, the canal lined with single-celled periphyses. Catenophyses not observed. Asci 62.5–87.5 × 15–25 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, deliquescing early. Ascospores 14.5–25 × 9–13 µm, ellipsoidal, 1 – septate, hyaline and appendaged. Appendages originate from the outer mesosporial layer, forming chambers, the equatorial and polar appendages being larger chambers and surrounded by the episporium. Polar and equatorial chambers contain no inclusions. Asexual morph. In culture (CMA), chlamydospores 3.5–7.5 µm in diam. are formed in chains (Adapted from Yusoff et al. 1994 a).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Lautisporopsis circumvestita is saprobic on intertidal wood and driftwood, found in temperate or arctic waters, not widely reported (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Canada, Chile, Denmark, France, Iceland, Portugal, Sweden, UK, USA (Washington) Also at Grytviken, South Georgia, Antarctic where it occurred on a Ramin ( Gonystylus sp.) test panel (Pugh and Jones 1986).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/28FBE82FF5E85D3AAE86C61801889F78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
FA25ADB89E665D61831D9B5A177C1CC4.text	FA25ADB89E665D61831D9B5A177C1CC4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lautisporopsis E. B. G. Jones, Yusoff & S. T. Moss	<div><p>Lautisporopsis E. B. G. Jones, Yusoff &amp; S. T. Moss, Mycotaxon 67: 1 (1998)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on driftwood and intertidal wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose, rarely globose, immersed or superficial, pale to dark brown, coriaceous, solitary or gregarious. Necks papillate with periphyses. Catenophyses absent. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, deliquescing early. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, hyaline, enveloped by a mucilaginous sheath, which is mesosporial in origin, and forming irregular polar and equatorial appendages surrounded by an episporium. Exosporium absent (Adapted from Yusoff et al. 1994 a). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Lautisporopsis circumvestita (Kohlm.) E. B. G. Jones, Yusoff and S. T. Moss, in Jones, Mycotaxon 67: 1 (1998).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Halosphaeria circumvestita was introduced by Kohlmeyer (1960), but transferred to Ceriosporopsis by Kohlmeyer (1972) as he regarded that many marine ascomycetes lacked clear generic limits. Subsequently, Jones and Moss (1978) and Jones et al. (1983 a) undertook a major revision of genera in the Halosphaeriaceae by studying ascospore appendage ontogeny and development at the TEM and SEM level. This resulted in the introduction of Lautisporopsis for the species Ceriosporopsis circumvestita as ascospore appendage ontogeny and morphology was totally different. In L. circumvestita ascospores are enveloped in a mucilaginous sheath, which is mesosporial in origin, and forming irregular polar and equatorial appendages (Yusoff et al. 1994 a). Ceriosporopsis species have only polar appendages.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>There are no sequences available on any database, and no previous study evaluated this taxon phylogenetically, new collections, isolation and sequencing required.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA25ADB89E665D61831D9B5A177C1CC4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
E41C69B7C56F59BB9D6BFA26242B3BCF.text	E41C69B7C56F59BB9D6BFA26242B3BCF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lignincola Hohnk	<div><p>Lignincola Höhnk, Veröff. Inst. Meeresf. Bremerhaven 3: 216 (1955)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged woody substrates in marine and freshwater habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata perithecial, subglobose to ellipsoidal, solitary or gregarious, immersed to superficial, coriaceous, ostiolate, papillate, light brown to black, catenophyses deliquescing. Asci 8 - spored, unitunicate, clavate or sub-fusiform, pedunculate, thin-walled, apiculate, persistent; developing at the base of the ascocarp venter; asci released from the ascoma through the ostiole. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, hyaline, lacking appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Lignincola laevis Höhnk, Veröff. Inst. Meeresf. Bremerhaven 3: 216 (1955).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Lignincola species have been found in freshwater, brackish and marine habitats (Jones et al. 2017). Lignincola species have been recorded from decaying mangrove wood, intertidal wood, bark, roots of shoreline trees (e. g., balsa, bamboo, Fagus sylvatica, Phragmites australis, Pinus massoniana, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Liquidambar styraciflua, Pachira aquatica, Rhizophora mangle, Pluchea fosbergi, Avicennia alba, A. germinans, A. marina, Laguncularia racemosa), litter of Agropyron pungens and Spartina townsendii, petiole of intertidal Nypa fruticans, fronds of Phoenix paludosa, submerged branch with attached leaf of Thalassia testudinum, subtidal wood with shipworms and Limnoria under Rhizophora mangle (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979; Raabe et al. 1981; Kohlmeyer 1984; Hyde et al. 1999 b; Lu et al. 2000; Pande 2008; Liu et al. 2011).</p><p>Jones et al. (2009) suggested that the genus Lignincola has only one unifying character, the hyaline 1 - septate ascospores without appendages with considerable variation in the structure of the asci and ascospores. The type species L. laevis was characterized by black ascomata, persistent clavate to fusiform, thin-walled asci lacking an apical apparatus and have a distinct thimble-like apex (Höhnk 1955). Kohlmeyer (1984) introduced two other species, L. tropica and L. longirostris the latter initially described as Gnomonia longirostris (Cribb and Cribb 1956) with thick-walled, clavate asci with a refractive apical thickening and a pore and ascospores with a thin mucilaginous sheath (Kohlmeyer 1984; Pang et al. 2003 a). Subsequently, Pang et al. (2003 a) transferred the species to a new genus Neptunella based on morphological and molecular evidence.</p><p>Lignincola tropica, was described from mangrove wood in Mexico (Kohlmeyer 1984) with semi-persistent asci with a refractive apex with a pore and has larger ascospores (22–36 × 12–16 μm) than L. laevis (13–24 × 5–8 μm). Initially, the ascus was described as possessing an apical pore (Kohlmeyer 1984), but subsequently Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer (1988) emended the description, stating it lacked a pore. In addition, molecular studies show that it does not belong in Lignincola (Pang et al. 2003 a). Jones et al. (2009) also considered that this species does not belong in the genus, but lack of a consensus on the morphology of its ascus prevents its transfer to a new genus. Sakayaroj et al. (2011) also showed that L. tropica grouped with Halosarpheia sensu stricto, H. marina and Panorbis viscosus . Sequence data in Figs 4, 5 confirm earlier findings, but the erection of a new genus is problematic: there are no sequences of the type material and Kohlmeyer (1984) did not illustrate the ascospores. Sequence PP 7777, isolated from material collected at Boracay, Philippines, lacks supporting herbarium material and a photoplate. Therefore, further collections, isolation and sequencing is required to enable its transfer to a new genus.</p><p>Lignincola nypae was described from the intertidal petiole base of Nypa fruticans from Malaysia and has clavate asci with a refractive apical thickening with a pore and cylindrical, 13.5–20 × 3.5–4.5 μm ascospores (Hyde et al. 1999 b). They considered the taxonomic status of L. nypae problematic because ascospores are cylindrical with an indistinct septum and asci are clavate with an apical pore. They suggested Aniptodera as an alternative genus for L. nypae but dismissed this as the ascospores lacked appendages. Pseudolignincola siamensis is morphologically similar to L. nypae in terms of ascus shape, but differs in the dimensions of ascomata, 1–4 - septate ascospores and with an asexual morph (Jones et al. 2006).</p><p>Lignincola conchicola was described from submerged fronds of Phoenix paludosa with asci persistent and thin-walled and lacking an apical apparatus (Liu et al. 2011). Morphologically, this species is similar to the type species in ascal and ascospore morphology shape occurring on the adhesive pads of a marine invertebrate. Lignincola laevis also differs from L. conchicola by larger ascospores (12.5–24 × 5–8 μm) vs. (10.5–16 × 5–7 μm) and the ascomata have a neck (Höhnk 1955; Liu et al. 2011).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Lignincola laevis formed a moderately supported group with Halosphaeria appendiculata (Fig. 4). Divergence-time estimates place this association in the Miocene (~ 16 MYA, 95 % CI: 4–72 MYA) (Fig. 5). However, no type material is available for the type species, and no sequence has been designated as the isotype of the genus. Lignincola tropica formed a separate branch outside the genus Halosarpheia . Further collections and molecular study are required to resolve the placement of L. conchicola, L. tropica and L. nypae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E41C69B7C56F59BB9D6BFA26242B3BCF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
904C917087D354DAB07A72F584C350EB.text	904C917087D354DAB07A72F584C350EB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lignincola laevis Hohnk	<div><p>Lignincola laevis Höhnk, Veröff. Inst. Meeresf. Bremerhaven 3: 216 (1955)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in aquatic habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata 125–250 (– 386) μm in diam., subglobose or ellipsoidal, immersed or superficial, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, hyaline, light brown, fuscous or blackish, solitary or gregarious. Necks up to 4 mm long, 25–40 μm in diam., cylindrical, centric or eccentric. Peridium 13–16 μm thick, composed of 2 to 5 layers of elongate, thick-walled cells with large lumina, forming a textura angularis. Catenophyses deliquescing. Asci 49–69 × 15–20 μm, 8 - spored, clavate or sub-fusiform, short pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, sometimes slightly thickened at the apex, without apical apparatuses, persistent. Ascospores (12.5 –) 16–24 × (5 –) 6–8 μm, irregularly biseriate, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline, without appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Lignincola laevis is a cosmopolitan fungus, reported from diverse habitats (freshwater, brackish, marine) and substrata (wood, marsh grasses) (Jones 1993; Sarma and Hyde 2001; Schmit and Shearer 2003; Jones and Pang 2012 a).</p><p>Pang et al. (2013) concluded that L. laevis was a species complex comprising at least three different taxa with subtle morphological differences. Twenty-eight isolates from marine and brackish water collected on driftwood, mangrove and submerged test blocks and worldwide in distribution were sequenced and grouped in three major clades with pairwise distance of the ITS marker between 0 % and 10.6 %. However, no geographical assemblages could be detected.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/904C917087D354DAB07A72F584C350EB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
C1979D7D2CFA52AFA9191B85ED2FCE47.text	C1979D7D2CFA52AFA9191B85ED2FCE47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limacospora Jorg. Koch & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Limacospora Jørg. Koch &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Canad. J. Bot. 73 (7): 1011 (1995)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on intertidal wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata deeply embedded in wood, pale brown, long necks with no periphyses. Peridium two-layered: an outer layer of prismatic, nearly isodiametric cells and an inner layer of long, thin-walled often pointed cells. Asci clavate, tapering, pedunculate, unitunicate, early deliquescing, 8 - spored in a hymenial layer at the base of the ascomata. Interthecial filaments present. Ascospores 1 - septate, hyaline, surrounded by a mucilaginous sheath, bounded by the delimiting membrane, which is constricted at the septum. Appendages variable in morphology, initially in water elliptical and “ sluglike ” but becoming ovoid-oblong, then spore surrounded by fibrillar mucilage drawn into long polar threads. The ascospore wall comprises a mesosporium and an electron-dense episporium. The sheath arises as fibrillar extensions of the mesosporium through discontinuities in the episporium, initially highly condensed but swelling in water and rupturing the delimiting membrane. At maturity the ascospore is surrounded by interconnecting threads of mucilaginous material, with further extensions forming long fibrillar threads (Description based on Jones et al. 1995). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Limacospora sundica (Jørg. Koch &amp; E. B. G. Jones) Jørg. Koch &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Canad. J. Bot. 73 (7): 1013 (1995).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This genus shares many characteristics with Ceriosporopsis, however it differs in the following ontological and ultrastructural characteristics: the polar appendage arises as an outgrowth of the mesosporium and is initially surrounded by an exosporial layer (Johnson et al. 1987). This is ruptured by the expansion of the polar appendage and forms a collar at the base of the polar appendage (Johnson et al. 1987; Yusoff et al. 1994 a).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>There is no available molecular data for this genus. Limacospora sundica needs to be recollected, isolated and sequenced to determine its relationship to other genera in the Halosphaeriaceae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C1979D7D2CFA52AFA9191B85ED2FCE47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
B8FD289B2BC65E489D97449D608AC58C.text	B8FD289B2BC65E489D97449D608AC58C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limacospora sundica (Jorg. Koch & E. B. G. Jones) Jorg. Koch & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Limacospora sundica (Jørg. Koch &amp; E. B. G. Jones) Jørg. Koch &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Canad. J. Bot. 73 (7): 1013 (1995)</p><p>Fig. 24</p><p>Ceriosporopsis sundica Jørg. Koch &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Nordic J. Bot. 6 (3): 339 (1986). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on intertidal wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata gregarious, immersed, deep seated, subglobose-ellipsoid, 570–1080 µm broad, 270–675 µm high, ostiolate with a long neck extending to the surface of the wood. Outer layer of peridium consisting of hyaline, prismatic, nearly isodiametric cells, 16–20 µm thick at the base of the perithecium but thinning towards the apical region. Inner layer of the peridium composed of long, hyaline, thin-walled, often pointed cells, 20–40 × 8–10 µm, which are longer and broader towards the base of the ostiole. Necks cylindrical, brown-black, 46–76 µm in diam. and up to 1500 µm long. Asci 90–140 × 24–28 µm, clavate, tapering, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, early deliquescing, 8 - spored, in different stages of maturity in a hymenium on a sub-hymenial layer formed as a broad, flat cushion or a flat cup in the lower part of the perithecial cavity. Paraphyses absent. Ascospores 19.0–21.1 – 24.0 × 8.0–8.9 – 10.0 µm, 1 - septate, ellipsoidal or broadly fusiform, slightly constricted around septum, hyaline and appendaged. Ascospores enveloped in a granular sheath with polar appendages at either end which appear as outgrowths of the spore wall. Polar appendages initially short (circa 28 µm) but can be long and drawn out, sometimes forming fine threads reminiscent of Halosarpheia species. The sheath and polar appendages swell when placed in water to form a diffuse mass, are extremely sticky and may adhere spores to substrata. The sheath is slightly constricted at the septum with radiating striations extending outwards from the spore wall (Based on the description of Ceriosporopsis sundica in Jones and Koch 1985). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Denmark, • Sealand, Vedbaek, on driftwood partially immersed in water, 6 Aug. 1982, Jorgen Koch, CP 0053720 isotype and micro slides .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species is saprobic on wood and isolated from the coastal waters of Denmark (Jones et al. 1995).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Denmark, and India on intertidal and mangrove wood (Maria and Sridhar 2002, 2003; Nambiar and Raveendran 2007), however, this needs confirmation as it is originally known from temperate habitats (Koch and Jones 1985).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B8FD289B2BC65E489D97449D608AC58C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
F79C096A897455638F92135365DFD6EC.text	F79C096A897455638F92135365DFD6EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Luttrellia estuarina Shearer	<div><p>Luttrellia estuarina Shearer, Mycologia 70 (3): 693 (1978)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 277–327 × 416–455 µm, superficial, globose to subglobose membranous, becoming pale brown, ostiolate, neck long (248–822 × 35.6–40 µm), cylindrical hyaline and periphysate. Asci 103–158 × 12–26 µm, 4 - spored, clavate to cylindrical, thin-walled and deliquescing. Catenophyses present. Ascospores 42–55 × 125.6–21.6 µm, hyaline, multiseptate and lacking appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Luttrellia estuarina is a brackish water species on submerged wood. This species was infrequently collected, and its position in the Halosphaeriaceae requires verification.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F79C096A897455638F92135365DFD6EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
FD81E66DBA015524A996EA4CEB5FB68E.text	FD81E66DBA015524A996EA4CEB5FB68E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Luttrellia Shearer	<div><p>Luttrellia Shearer, Mycologia 70 (3): 692 (1978)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged balsa test panels. Sexual morph. Ascomata superficial, globose to subglobose membranous, becoming pale brown ostiolate, neck long, cylindrical hyaline and periphysate. Asci clavate to cylindrical, thin-walled and deliquescing. Catenophyses present. Ascospores hyaline, multiseptate and lacking appendages. The only genus in the Halosphaeriaceae with tetrasporic asci. Asexual morph. Undermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Luttrellia estuarina Shearer, Mycologia 70 (3): 693 (1978).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Shearer (1978) assigned Luttrellia to the Halosphaeriaceae as it compared with hyaline, unappendaged ascosporous genera in the family: Lignincola, Nais and Aniptodera, but chose not to emend the generic concept of Nais . Luttrellia species are saprobic on wood in freshwater and brackish water.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>There are no DNA sequences available for any Luttrellia species. Recollection, isolation and sequencing are required to determine the taxonomic position of the four Luttrellia species in the Halosphaeriaceae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD81E66DBA015524A996EA4CEB5FB68E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
45D9D86259DF5D289AD5ADF98EA5394C.text	45D9D86259DF5D289AD5ADF98EA5394C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Magnisphaera J. Campbell, J. L. Anderson & Shearer	<div><p>Magnisphaera J. Campbell, J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 546 (2003)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged woody substrates in marine and freshwater habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata perithecial, immersed, ostiolate, globose to subglobose, solitary or gregarious, dark brown to black, with a central neck, periphysate. Peridium two-layered, composed of about 8–10 large cells forming a textura angularis. Asci unitunicate, pedunculate, thin-walled, clavate, early deliquescent and lack an apical pore and apical apparatus. Ascospores ellipsoid to fusiform, phragmoseptate, hyaline, verruculose, constricted at the septa, uniguttulate in each of the central cells, with polar appendages. Appendages coiled into short, flat, hamate structures that unfurl to form long ribbon-like structures. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Magnisphaera spartinae (E. B. G. Jones) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 547 (2003).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This genus is represented by two species, M. spartinae from marine environment and M. stevemossago from freshwater habitats (Campbell et al. 2003). Magnisphaera species are saprobic on Spartina patens, Spartina alterniflora, intertidal wood, balsa wood, Agropyron junceiforme, Agropyron pungens, Spartina townsendii, Typha sp., driftwood, herbaceous debris, and test panels (balsa, Betula pubescens) (Jones 1962; Campbell et al. 2003; https://www.marinefungi.org).</p><p>Magnisphaera is morphologically similar to Halosarpheia, but differs in having multi-septate ascospores with a rough ascospore wall (Jones 1962; Campbell et al. 2003; Pang et al. 2003 b).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Sakayaroj et al. (2011) demonstrated that the genus grouped in the Halosphaeriaceae in a sister clade to Havispora and Nereiospora . A similar result was recorded in a further study of the Halosphaeriaceae by Jones et al. (2017). In this study (Fig. 4), Magnisphaera was monophyletic, forming a sister clade with Nereiospora spp. and Havispora longyearbyenensis with weak support. Divergence-time analysis places this relationship in the ~ 182 MYA; 95 % CI: 57.7–516.3 MYA (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/45D9D86259DF5D289AD5ADF98EA5394C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
70446C1C22025066BDD4BF0E4E001F71.text	70446C1C22025066BDD4BF0E4E001F71.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Magnisphaera spartinae (E. B. G. Jones) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson & Shearer	<div><p>Magnisphaera spartinae (E. B. G. Jones) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 547 (2003)</p><p>Haligena spartinae E. B. G. Jones, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 45: 245 (1962). Basionym.</p><p>Halosarpheia spartinae (E. B. G. Jones) Shearer &amp; J. L. Crane, Bot. Mar. 23: 608 (1981). Synonymy.</p><p>Matsusphaeria spartinae (E. B. G. Jones) K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Nova Hedwigia 77 (1–2): 15 (2003).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on Spartina townsendii and submerged wood in marine habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata 190–310 µm high, 310–350 µm diam., solitary, globose, dark brown to black, coriaceous, immersed. Necks periphysate. Asci 124–214 × 32–60 µm, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate, early deliquescing, pedicellate. Ascospores 60–76 (– 90) × 15–22 µm, hyaline, ellipsoidal, 2–7 (– 8–9) septate, predominantly 5 - septate, constricted at the septum, appendaged. Appendages bipolar, 7–18 × 1–2 µm, unfurling into fine ribbons in water. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Jones (1995) suggested that M. spartinae is different from Halosarpheia species based on the ontogeny of the appendages, that arise from a single polar pore in the ascospore wall as opposed to a pore field in Halosarpheia species (Alias et al. 2001; Baker et al. 2001). Campbell et al. (2003) introduced two species: Magnisphaera spartinae characterized by 60–90 × 15–22 µm, 2–9 septate, predominantly 5 - septate ascospores; M. stevemossago has ascospores that are 3 - septate, shorter and broader (45–64 × 16–31 µm) than those of M. spartinae (Campbell et al. 2003). In addition, M. spartinae is found from marine and brackish water habitats while M. stevemossago is known only from freshwater habitats (Calabon et al. 2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/70446C1C22025066BDD4BF0E4E001F71	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
6549CF5C760156EF9D27CB904C2ECA0F.text	6549CF5C760156EF9D27CB904C2ECA0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marinospora (Cavaliere 1966) A. R. Caval.	<div><p>Marinospora A. R. Caval., Nova Hedwigia 11: 548 (1966)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata are solitary or gregarious, carbonaceous to subcarbonaceous, ellipsoidal ovoidal to subglobose, immersed, ostiolate, papillate, periphysate and brown to black in color. Peridium composed of 7–30 cell layers, which are thick-walled with large lumens, the necks are long and periphysate. Pseudoparenchyma is thin-walled with polygonal or subglobose cells, forming catenophyses. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, slightly apiculate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, deliquescing early and form at the base of the ascocarp. Ascospores are broadly ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, constricted at the septum, hyaline and appendaged. Both the polar and equatorial appendages are obclavate to subcylindrical, tapering, each primary appendage terminating in a cup-like secondary appendage. The ascospores may initially be enveloped by mucilage. The spore wall is composed of a two layered mesosporium, episporium and an outer exosporium which is ridged, or corrugated and covered to the outside by a thin exosporium which may deliquesce or peel away. The exosporium also gives rise to the cup-like “ calyptra ” at the tip of the polar and equatorial primary appendages, these primary appendages arise as outgrowths of the spore wall (Description adapted from Johnson et al. 1984). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Marinospora calyptrata (Kohlm.) A. R. Caval., Nova Hedwigia 11: 548 (1966).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This genus closely resembles Ceriosporopsis, but differs in the following aspects: ascocarps are carbonaceous to subcarbonaceous, and ascocarp wall is composed of up to 30 layers; the asci are pedunculate and often apiculate; the ascospores have distinct primary polar and equatorial appendages with cup-like structures at their apices formed by fragmentation (or dissolution) of an enveloping exosporic membrane while the outer spore was corrugated or ridged. Marinospora has both ultrastructural and developmental differences from Ceriosporopsis (Johnson et al. 1984). Sequence data confirm that the genus is distinct from Ceriosporopsis, although closely related (Sakayaroj et al. 2004, 2011).</p><p>The original specimens were found on decayed driftwood (Cavaliere 1966 a), with the type species classified as a temperate water species (Panebianco 1994).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>In this study (Fig. 4) Marinospora species formed well supported clades with the genera Toriella and Ondiniella . Marinospora longissima was born on a long branch. There are no meaningful studies on the phylogeny of this genus, so further collections are warranted, including isolated individuals and a wider range of gene loci sequenced.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6549CF5C760156EF9D27CB904C2ECA0F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
A4F636DC97DD563DA5A6E57876AC1B3D.text	A4F636DC97DD563DA5A6E57876AC1B3D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marinospora calyptrata (Kohlm.) A. R. Caval.	<div><p>Marinospora calyptrata (Kohlm.) A. R. Caval., Nova Hedwigia 11: 548 (1966)</p><p>Fig. 3 i</p><p>Ceriosporopsis calyptrata Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 2: 301 (1960). Basionym.</p><p>Ceriosporella calyptrata (Kohlm.) A. R. Caval., Nova Hedwigia 10: 394 (1966). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood, driftwood, test panels. Sexual morph. Ascomata 295–605 µm high, 480–770 µm diam., ellipsoidal, subglobose, immersed often deep in the wood, ostiolate, papillate, subcarbonaceous or carbonaceous, brown to black, solitary or gregarious. Peridium 12–80 µm thick, composed of 7–30 layers of thick-walled cells, with large lumina merging with wood particles. Necks up to 1050 µm, wide, periphysate. Catenophyses present. Asci 104–190 × 22–37 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, long pedicellate, unitunicate, thin-walled, early deliquescing, lacking an apical apparatus. Ascospores 30–36 × 9–19 µm, hyaline, broadly ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, constricted at the septum, with apical and equatorial appendages, terminating in a cup-shaped caps, ends rounded, one large guttule per cell. Appendages gelatinous, surrounded by an exosporic membrane which breaks down, straight or curved. Asexual morph. Undermined (Adapted from Cavaliere 1977; Johnson et al. 1984).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Marinospora calyptrata is widely distributed in temperate zones, on a wide variety of timbers: Fagus sylvatica, Larix sp., Picea sp. Quercus sp. and others.</p><p>Panebianco et al. (2002) examined the effect of pre-inoculation of balsa wood by the marine fungi Ceriosporopsis halima, Corollospora maritima, Halosphaeriopsis mediosetigera and Marinospora calyptrata and the subsequent colonization by other marine fungi over periods 2, 6, 9 and 15 months. In all cases, the climax / dominant fungus at 15 months was M. calyptrata, highlighting its ecological role in the succession of fungi on wood. Its success may be attributed to its ability to penetrate deeper into the wood (Panebianco et al. 2002).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Argentina, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Sweden, UK, and USA.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A4F636DC97DD563DA5A6E57876AC1B3D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
54696EB625DA5D939CC177522E946F8A.text	54696EB625DA5D939CC177522E946F8A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Moana Kohlm. & Volkm. - Kohlm.	<div><p>Moana Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Mycol. Res. 92 (4): 418 (1989)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata are single, cream-colored, subglobose, immersed, ostiolate, periphysate, papillate, coriaceous. Peridium is thin, forming a textura angularis. Catenophyses develop from the thin-walled pseudoparenchyma. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, rounded at their apex, without a pore, non-amyloid, thin-walled, unitunicate, more or less persistent, maturing successively on an ascogenous tissue at the bottom of the locule. Ascospores are subglobose, one-celled, hyaline, with a single, top-shaped appendage that unwinds in water to produce a long ribbon. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Moana turbinulata Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Mycol. Res. 92 (4): 418 (1989).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Among members of the Halosphaeriaceae, Moana bears a striking resemblance to Thalassogena ( T. sphaerica), the latter has asci flat at the tip with a pore, while M. turbinulata has apically rounded, aporous asci. The ascospores in both species are almost identical, except for the long unfurling appendage in M. turbinulata .</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Moana turbinulata grouped with Gesasha peditatus (Fig. 4) in highly supported clades, but have few morphological features in common. Divergence-time analysis indicates that this relationship dates back to the Paleogene (~ 5268 MYA, 95 % CI: 1821.1–221.8136 MYA), suggesting an extended independent history despite their close phylogenetic affinity (Fig. 5). Further collections and genes are required to confirm phylogenetic placement of this genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/54696EB625DA5D939CC177522E946F8A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
6CE9FC55D8CB5D059E8E451E9F4E36D7.text	6CE9FC55D8CB5D059E8E451E9F4E36D7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Moana turbinulata Kohlm. & Volkm. - Kohlm.	<div><p>Moana turbinulata Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Mycol. Res. 92 (4): 418 (1989)</p><p>Fig. 25</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 300–450 µm in diam., single, cream-colored, subglobose, immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous. Necks 250–800 µm long, 80–115 µm wide, the ostiolar canal filled with periphyses. Peridium 20–27 µm thick, composed of about six layers of polygonal cells forming a textura angularis, merging with the thin-walled pseudoparenchymatous cells. Catenophyses developing from the pseudoparenchyma that originally fills the central cavity. Asci 70–95 × 25–35 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, apically rounded, without a pore, non-amyloid, thin-walled, unitunicate, more or less persistent, maturing successively on an ascogenous tissue at the bottom of the locule. Ascospores 12.5–16 µm, subglobose, one-celled, hyaline, containing one large lipid body, surrounded by numerous small non-lipoid droplets with a single, top-shaped appendage, 4–5 µm high, 6.5–8 µm diam., unfurling in water to form long tapering ribbons, 250–550 µm long, 1.5–3 µm wide, staining blue in methylene and cotton blue. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The single species of this genus is a saprobic obligate marine species, that was collected in Hawaii and Taiwan, on intertidal wood samples with other marine fungi.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6CE9FC55D8CB5D059E8E451E9F4E36D7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
49C82F550E735AF08764BE4EF0EED11E.text	49C82F550E735AF08764BE4EF0EED11E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Morakotiella Sakay. 2005	<div><p>Morakotiella Sakay., Mycologia 97 (4): 806 (2005)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on woody material, mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose to subglobose, immersed or superficial, ostiolate, black, perithecial wall coriaceous. Necks short, cylindrical and periphysate. Asci thin-walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored, pedunculate, fusiform to clavate, deliquescing early. Catenophyses present or absent. Ascospores 1 - septate, ellipsoidal, long thread-like polar appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Morakotiella salina (C. A. Farrant &amp; E. B. G. Jones) Sakayaroj, in Sakayaroj et al. (2005).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Morakotiella differs from other genera in the Halosphaeriaceae with uncoiling appendages by the mode of attachment of the appendage to the ascospore wall; appendages are coiled around the spore, spoon-shaped at the point of attachment, channeled along its length; amorphous with distinct striations running the length of the appendage and arising as an outgrowth of the spore wall (at SEM level). Morakotiella is a monotypic genus typified by Morakotiella salina .</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Phylogenetically M. salina is poorly resolved (Fig. 4) and further collections, isolation and sequencing of a wider range of gene loci.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/49C82F550E735AF08764BE4EF0EED11E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
B6EF087A19955FD68392981558290602.text	B6EF087A19955FD68392981558290602.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Morakotiella salina (C. A. Farrant & E. B. G. Jones) Sakay.	<div><p>Morakotiella salina (C. A. Farrant &amp; E. B. G. Jones) Sakay., Mycologia 97 (4): 806 (2005)</p><p>Figs 23 e – g, 26</p><p>Haligena salina C. A. Farrant &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 93 (4): 406 (1986). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on woody material, drift and mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata immersed or partly immersed or superficial, globose, subglobose, ostiolate, black, perithecial wall coriaceous. Necks short, cylindrical and periphysate. Asci thin-walled, unitunicate, pedunculate, 8 - spored, fusiform to clavate, deliquescing early. Catenophyses present or absent. Ascospores 1 - septate, ellipsoidal, slightly constricted, hyaline, appendaged. Appendages polar, initially wrapped around the ascospore wall, later separating to form long filaments that are spoon-shaped at the place of attachment to the spore wall, attenuate, channeled. Appendage origin not determined but bounded by a thin electron-dense delimitating membrane attached to ascospore apices by fine threads. Appendage substructure fibrillar to amorphous, electron-dense. Asexual morph. Undermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>South Wales, • Marloes, on unidentified intertidal wood (BCC 12781, type specimen) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Morakotiella salina is a saprobic fungus described from submerged and intertidal wood. The ascospores germinate readily on agar plate and grow slowly but do not sporulate in culture. It is not widely collected but has been collected from Friday Harbour (USA) and Marloes (South Wales) (Jones 1985; Farrant and Jones 1986; Sakayaroj et al. 2005).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B6EF087A19955FD68392981558290602	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
1F7EB8BE004E5B8985F02F90519D912E.text	1F7EB8BE004E5B8985F02F90519D912E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nais inornata Kohlm.	<div><p>Nais inornata Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 4: 409 (1962)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in aquatic habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata 135–250 µm high, 200–370 µm diam., dark brown to black, subglobose or depressed, immersed or superficial, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, gregarious. Peridium 12–15 µm thick, composed of two or three layers of thick-walled, oblong or ellipsoidal cells. Necks 100–620 × 30–44 µm, periphysate. Catenophyses present, 55–240 × 5.5–36 µm, including up to 15 cells per chain. Asci 85–160 × 25–33 µm, 8 – spored, unitunicate, clavate, thin-walled, early deliquescing, without apical apparatuses, short pedicellate. Ascospores 22–32 × 12–16 µm, hyaline, broadly ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, slightly or not constricted at the septum, with one large oil globule in each cell and many small ones near the septum and the apices, lacking appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined. (Description based on Kohlmeyer 1962 a).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Nais inornata grows in marine, brackish and freshwater habitats. Nais inornata has thin-walled asci, deliquesce early and 22–32 × 12–16 µm, broadly ellipsoidal ascospores (Kohlmeyer 1962 a). Type material of N. inornata is lacking material of asci and ascospores.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Canada, France, German, UK (England, Wales), USA (Maryland, Mississippi. Rhode Island).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1F7EB8BE004E5B8985F02F90519D912E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
0C11FC397BCC5EFEAE7BCA08B293146E.text	0C11FC397BCC5EFEAE7BCA08B293146E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nais Kohlm.	<div><p>Naïs Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 4: 409 (1962)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged woody substrates in marine and freshwater habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata perithecial, immersed or superficial, subglobose, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, dark brown to black, gregarious, long necks, periphysate, catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, unitunicate, short pedunculate, thin-walled, no apical apparatus, early deliquescing. Ascospores ellipsoidal to broadly ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, hyaline, slightly constricted at the septum, lacking appendages or a sheath. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Naïs inornata Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 4: 409 (1962).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Naïs comprises both marine and freshwater species and are widely reported and worldwide in distribution (Jones et al. 2017; Calabon et al. 2022). Naïs species have been found from driftwood, Spartina alterniflora, test blocks e. g. Acanthus ilicifolius, Albizia falcata, Al. procera, Avicennia alba, Av. lanata, balsa, Bruguiera cylindrica, Castanopsis javanica, Dicorynia paraensis, Fagus sylvatica Laphira procera, Ocotea rodiaei, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sp. and Rhizophora apiculata, Phragmites australis, intertidal wood, teak blocks, milfoil, Spartina spp., mangrove wood, freshwater wood (beech, Scots pine, balsa), herbaceous substrata, woody panels (beech, Scots pine) (Kohlmeyer 1962 a; Churchand and McClaren 1973; Gessner and Goos 1973; Shearer and Crane 1978; Tan et al. 1989; Hyde 1990 b, 1992 b; Leong et al. 1991; Lintott and Lintott 2002; Abdel-Aziz 2008, 2010, 2016; Raja et al. 2009; Alias et al. 2010; Samón-Legrá et al. 2014; https://www.marinefungi.org).</p><p>Currently three Naïs species are known, N. inornata from marine habitats and N. aquatica and N. submersa from freshwater habitats. The equatorial band of granular globose bodies distinguishes Naïs from the closely related genera Aniptodera, Halosarpheia, and Lignincola (Hyde 1992 b).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Molecular data places Nais in the Halosphaeriaceae grouping with genera with polar unfurling appendages (Jones et al. 2015), e. g. Aniptodera species (Sakayaroj et al. 2011). In Fig. 4, Naïs inornata groups with Aniptodera chesapeakensis in a well-supported clade. Divergence-time estimates indicate that this relationship originated in the Jurassic – Early Cretaceous (~ 150 MYA, 95 % CI: 112.6–195.2 MYA) (Fig. 5). Nais species need to be recollected, isolated and sequenced, along with Natantispora species to resolve their generic relationship.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0C11FC397BCC5EFEAE7BCA08B293146E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
27571CB3D0CC50568044285C08177658.text	27571CB3D0CC50568044285C08177658.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Natantispora J. Campbell, J. L. Anderson & Shearer 2003	<div><p>Natantispora J. Campbell, J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 543 (2003)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged woody substrates in marine and freshwater habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata perithecial, superficial to immersed, globose, black, membranous, ostiolate, papillate, long, cylindrical, necks, periphysate, dark-pigmented, gradually lightening toward the apex. Peridium thin-walled, composed of pseudoparenchyma in longitudinal section, of textura angularis in surface view. Paraphyses absent, catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, unitunicate, thin-walled, lacking an apical apparatus, early deliquescing. Ascospores hyaline, fusiform to ellipsoidal, 1 - septate. Appendages are unipolar or bipolar, coiled into a hamate structure, initially closely adpressed to the spore wall, separating and unfurling in water to form a long, fine, sticky, thread-like structure. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Natantispora retorquens (Shearer &amp; J. L. Crane) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 543 (2003).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Campbell et al. (2003) introduced the genus Natantispora based on sequence data of two Halosarpheia species, although distinguishing morphological features at the generic level are not well established. The type species N. retorquens (Fig. 27) was described from balsa wood submerged in freshwater habitat from Illinois (USA), with globose to subglobose ascomata, hyaline, bicelled, ellipsoidal ascospores with a polar appendage pad extending over the mid-septum which uncoils to form a long thread (Shearer and Crane 1980). Natantispora lotica (Fig. 28) is morphologically similar to N. retorquens but differs by having larger ascospores (26–38 × 10–14 μm vs. 20–33 × 7–11 μm) and appendages not extending to the middle septum (Shearer 1984). Natantispora unipolaris is morphologically similar to other Natantispora species, but differs in having only one ascospore appendage, smaller ascospores with many small oil globules and one large in each cell (Liu et al. 2015). Some marine genera also have a single polar appendage e. g., Moana, Oceanitis, Okeanomyces, Ophiodeira and Tirispora, but phylogenetically they are distant from N. unipolaris . Campbell et al. (2003) stated that more genera with polar unfurling appendages need to be sequenced to determine the validity of this genus.</p><p>This genus is represented by two species; N. retorquens and N. unipolaris which have been reported from freshwater and marine habitats (Jones et al. 2019; Luo et al. 2019). Natantispora species are worldwide in their distribution (Jones et al. 2017; Luo et al. 2019). Natantispora species have been reported from decomposing mangrove wood such as Avicennia alba, A. marina, Rhizophora mucronata, Bruguiera cylindrica, Spartina maritima (Pande 2008; Calado et al. 2015; Devadatha et al. 2021), and other woody and herbaceous debris e. g. Acanthus ilicifolius, bamboo, Ficus hispida baits, palm, Phragmites australis, Raphia australis and Typha sp., submerged in aquatic habitats (Shearer 1984; Hyde et al. 1999 b; Lu et al. 2000; Wong and Hyde 2001; Cai et al. 2003; Campbell et al. 2003; Luo et al. 2004; Raja et al. 2009; Liu et al. 2015).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Natantispora species formed a well-supported monophyletic group and a sister clade with Halosphaeria appendiculata and Lignincola laevis (Fig. 4). Divergence-time estimates indicate that Natantispora separated from this lineage in the mid-Cretaceous (~ 110 MYA, 95 % CI: 38.5–313.3 MYA), underscoring its independence within the family (Fig. 5). Natantispora lotica grouped in a sister clade to N. retorquens and N. unipolaris and may belong to a different genus. However, there are no sequences derived from the type material and new collections, isolation and sequencing of this species is necessary. Natantispora is phylogenetically distinct from the type species of Halosarpheia and from other clades with halosarpheia-like species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/27571CB3D0CC50568044285C08177658	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
B1A28D87CFF55371A493EF3C118623D2.text	B1A28D87CFF55371A493EF3C118623D2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Natantispora retorquens (Shearer & J. L. Crane) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson & Shearer	<div><p>Natantispora retorquens (Shearer &amp; J. L. Crane) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 543 (2003)</p><p>Fig. 27</p><p>Halosarpheia retorquens Shearer &amp; J. L. Crane, Bot. Mar. 23: 608 (1981). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in aquatic habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata 150–366 µm diam., globose to subglobose, membranous, hyaline at first, becoming black, superficial or immersed, solitary to gregarious, ostiolate. Necks 108–564 long, 13.5–50 µm diam., cylindrical, periphysate, dark at base, hyaline at apex. Peridium multi-layered, the outer layer brown to black, inner layer hyaline of laterally compressed cells. Asci 53–144 × 14.4–24 µm, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate, thin-walled, deliquescing before or at maturity. Catenophyses present. Ascospores 20–33 × 7–11 µm, hyaline, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, appendaged. Appendages bipolar, composed of a single, coiled or folded filament, at first hamate, finally unwinding in water to produce a long, fine filament. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Hyde et al. (1987) showed that N. retorquens sporulated in culture.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Denmark, Portugal, Taiwan, UK (England), USA (Chesapeake, Massachusetts, Minnesota).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B1A28D87CFF55371A493EF3C118623D2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
7C9570AE100654F0857BA5144D8E3240.text	7C9570AE100654F0857BA5144D8E3240.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Naufragella Kohlm. & Volkm. - Kohlm. 1998	<div><p>Naufragella Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Syst. Ascomycetum 16: 10 (1998)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata ovoid, erumpent, ostiolate with a short neck. coriaceous, hyaline-cream colored. Peridium thick, one-layered of elongate angular cells. Necks conical. Paraphyses absent, catenophyses in young perithecia. Asci 8 - spored, unitunicate, thin-walled, no apical apparatus, broadly clavate, pedunculate, deliquescing at maturity. Ascospores 1 - sepate, ellipsoidal-broadly fusiform, slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline, appendaged. Appendages of two types: 1). Polar appendages spine-like, flattened, elongating, forming long sheet-like extensions, 2). Subpolar appendages bristle to hair-like developing from a cushion-like pad and surrounding the polar appendage. Asexual morph. Not determined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Naufragella spinibarbata (Jørg. Koch) Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Syst. Ascomycetum 16: 11 (1998).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Nohea and Naufragella are morphologically closely related and can be distinguished by their ascospore / appendages: in Nohea, one appendage is flat and attached to the spore by refractive subapical pads, while on the other side two bundles of fibres form tufts when mounted in water; in Naufragella ( N. spinibarbata) the main appendage is apical with hair-like appendages surrounding the base of the main appendage.</p><p>Appendage origin and development of the ascospores of Naufragella was not described and lacked the clarity of scanning electron micrographs as used by Jones et al. (1983 a, 1983 b) and Nakagiri and Tokura (1987), so vital in characterizing the range of appendages found in the Halosphaeriaceae .</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>No sequences of Naufragella / Nohea species are derived from the type species and this has created confusion as to the identity of the taxa is concerned. In Fig. 4, Nohea umiumi and Nohea delmarensis formed a highly supported clade, sistering with two Tinhaudeus formosanus strains, while two strains of Nohea spinibarbata were placed in an adjacent clade. There are no ITS rDNA sequences for any of these strains. Nohea delmarensis and N. umiumi certainly belong to the same genus, while Nohea spinibarbata strain clearly does not belong to Nohea and is best referred back to Naufragella until further strains are collected, isolated and sequenced, especially the ITS rDNA.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C9570AE100654F0857BA5144D8E3240	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
4368A96E56565693A27E7BFFAE46BAA7.text	4368A96E56565693A27E7BFFAE46BAA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Naufragella spinibarbata (Jorg. Koch) Kohlm. & Volkm. - Kohlm.	<div><p>Naufragella spinibarbata (Jørg. Koch) Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Syst. Ascomycetum 16: 11 (1998)</p><p>Fig. 3 c</p><p>Remispora spinibarbata Jørg. Koch, Nordic J. Bot. 8 (5): 517 (1989). Basionym.</p><p>Nohea spinibarbata (Jørg. Koch) Abdel-Wahab, Mycotaxon 115: 448 (2011). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 325–330 µm high, 245–300 µm wide, ovoid, erumpent, ostiolate with a short neck, coriaceous, hyaline-cream colored. Peridium 17–24 µm thick, one-layered of elongate angular cells. Necks 32–55 µm, conical. Paraphyses absent, catenophyses in young perithecia. Asci 72–115 × 24–26 µm, 8 - spored, unitunicate, thin-walled, no apical apparatus, broadly clavate, pedunculate, deliquescing at maturity. Ascospores 18–22 × 8–9.7 – 12 µm, 1 - septate, ellipsoidal-broadly fusiform, slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline, appendaged. Appendages of two types: 1). Polar appendages spine-like, flattened, elongating, forming long sheet-like extensions, 2). Subpolar appendages bristle to hair-like developing from a cushion-like pad and surrounding the polar appendage. Asexual morph. Not determined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Naufragella spinibarbata is saprobic on driftwood and bark, forming light-colored ascomata, which can be easily overlooked. Naufragella spinibarbata was previously referred by Kohlmeyer and Volkm. - Kohlmeyer (1998) in Remispora . It is phylogenetically distantly placed from Remispora (Fig. 4) and ascospores have secondary subpolar bristle to hair-like appendages.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4368A96E56565693A27E7BFFAE46BAA7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
7ACA11002800588DB648962F07D75156.text	7ACA11002800588DB648962F07D75156.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nautosphaeria cristaminuta E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Nautosphaeria cristaminuta E. B. G. Jones, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 47 (1): 97 (1964)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata (144 –) 180–288 × 108–198 µm diam., globose to subglobose, rarely elongate, hyaline or yellowish-white, membranous, thin-walled, aparaphysate, necks hyaline, 108–396 × 20–30 µm. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, unitunicate, soon deliquescing. Ascospores hyaline to grey or fuscous at maturity, 14–18 × 7–8.5 µm, ellipsoidal, one-celled, 1–2 large guttules, with tufts of hair-like appendages at both ends, and four equatorial tufts each at right angles to one another. Apical and lateral appendages measure 4.5–11.5 µm. Asexual morph. Undetermined. (Adapted from Jones 1964).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The fungus was first found growing on timber submerged in the sea for 48 weeks. Other fungi found growing in association with it were Ceriosporopsis cambrensis, C. halima, Lulwoana uniseptata (= Zalerion maritimum), Lulworthia opaca, Halazoon purpurea, Halosphaeriopsis alopallonella, Remispora hamata and Sporidesmium salinum (Jones 1964).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, Taiwan, UK (Isle of Man) and known from coastal temperate areas, on drift and trapped wood, especially on gymnospermous wood.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7ACA11002800588DB648962F07D75156	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
2425D5FB97515ACDBC2EA6E99511F946.text	2425D5FB97515ACDBC2EA6E99511F946.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nautosphaeria E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Nautosphaeria E. B. G. Jones, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 47 (1): 97 (1964)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata immersed in the substratum, hyaline or cream, solitary, membranous, neck long. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, unitunicate, soon deliquescing. Ascospores ellipsoid, apically and laterally appendiculate, grey or fuscous, unicellular. Asexual morph. Undetermined. (Adapted from Jones 1964).</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Nautosphaeria cristaminuta E. B. G. Jones, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 47 (1): 97 (1964).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Nautosphaeria is saprobic on submerged and driftwood along the shore (Jones 1964). Type material is lacking details of asci and ascospores.</p><p>Sequence data placed it in the Halosphaeriaceae as a sister clade to Tubakiella galerita with high statistical support (Sakayaroj et al. 2011; Jones et al. 2017). The two genera share a few morphological features in common, with the polar and equatorial hair – like appendages in tufts in N. cristaminuta (Koch and Jones 1983), while in T. galerita there is only polar gelatinous appendages that are composed of fibrillar material and formed by fragmentation of an exosporic layer of the ascospore (Johnson et al. 1984). The tuft-like appendages of N. cristaminuta bare a resemblance to those of Nereiospora species (Jones et al. 1983 a). However, phylogenetically they are distantly placed.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Although its placement in the Halosphaeriaceae as a sister clade to Tubakiella galerita with good statistical support (Sakayaroj et al. 2011; Jones et al. 2017; Fig. 4), the two genera were recently excluded from Halosphaeriaceae and placed in Microascales genera incertae sedis (Bao et al. 2023). Divergence-time analysis indicates that the crown of Nautosphaeria is relatively young (0–9.4 MYA, 95 % CI: 0–9.4 MYA), while its split from Tubakiella dates back much deeper (~ 146 MYA, 95 % CI: 58.0–370.3 MYA), highlighting its independent evolutionary trajectory (Fig. 5). Further collections and sequencing are required to confirm its placement in the Halosphaeriaceae and further establish its relationship with other genera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2425D5FB97515ACDBC2EA6E99511F946	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
470B0F057A7A5BBFA2F596FF27A29D5F.text	470B0F057A7A5BBFA2F596FF27A29D5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoaniptodera Abdel-Wahab, K. L. Pang, P. Correia & E. B. G. Jones 2026	<div><p>Neoaniptodera Abdel-Wahab, K. L. Pang, P. Correia &amp; E. B. G. Jones gen. nov.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>‘ Neo ’ similar to Aniptodera .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on culms of Juncus roemerianus . Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose to pyriform, immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, greyish-brown, solitary. Necks cylindrical to conical, periphysate. Peridium two layered, outer layer composed of polygonal, fuscous cells, inner layer flattened hyaline cells forming a textura angularis. Catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate with an apical pore, thin-walled, unitunicate, persistent. Ascospores 1 - septate, ellipsoidal, not constricted at the septum, thick-walled, lacking appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Neoaniptodera juncicola (Volkm. - Kohlm. &amp; Kohlm.) Abdel-Wahab, K. L. Pang, P. Correia &amp; E. B. G. Jones .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Neoaniptodera has the typical characteristics of Aniptodera, including light-colored ascomata, asci with an apical pore and thick-walled ascospores with no appendages. Phylogenetically, this genus was not monophyletic with Aniptodera ( A. chesapeakensis) (Fig. 4).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Neoaniptodera juncicola did not group with the type species of Aniptodera but with Panorbis viscosus in a sister clade to Neohalosarpheia marina, Nimbospora effusa, and Nohea umiumi (Abdel-Wahab and Nagahama 2011). In our study (Fig. 4) Neoaniptodera juncicola grouped with the Kochiella clade and Ocostaspora apilongissima in an unsupported clade. Divergence-time analysis suggests that the split between Neoaniptodera and Ocostaspora occurred relatively recently (~ 15.1 MYA, 95 % CI: 3.5–65.1 MYA) (Fig. 5). A recollection of this species with the sequencing of multiple genes is required to resolve the taxonomy of this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/470B0F057A7A5BBFA2F596FF27A29D5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
7EA898C306585DA2B60488B70FBFD5AC.text	7EA898C306585DA2B60488B70FBFD5AC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoaniptodera juncicola (Volkm. - Kohlm. & Kohlm.) Abdel-Wahab, K. L. Pang, P. Correia & E. B. G. Jones 2026	<div><p>Neoaniptodera juncicola (Volkm. - Kohlm. &amp; Kohlm.) Abdel-Wahab, K. L. Pang, P. Correia &amp; E. B. G. Jones comb. nov.</p><p>Aniptodera juncicola Volkm. - Kohlm. &amp; Kohlm., Bot. Mar. 37 (2): 109 (1994). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on culms of Juncus roemerianus . Sexual morph. Ascomata 175–280 µm high, 195–315 µm in diam., subglobose to pyriform, immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, greyish-brown, solitary. Necks 145–255 µm long, 65–105 µm diam., cylindrical to conical, periphysate. Peridium 16–23 µm thick, two layered, outer layer composed of polygonal, fuscous cells, inner layer flattened hyaline cells forming a textura angularis. Catenophyses present. Asci 145–175 × 18.5–20.5 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate with an apical pore, thin-walled, unitunicate, persistent. Ascospores 23.8–30.7 × 8.2–11.6 µm, 1 - septate, ellipsoidal, not constricted at the septum, thick-walled, lacking appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>On Juncus roemerianus collected Broad Creek, Carteret County, North Carolina, 25 July 1993, J. Kohlmeyer J. K. 5516 (Holotype) .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>North Carolina, USA.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species is rarely collected and may be host-specific on Juncus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7EA898C306585DA2B60488B70FBFD5AC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
D6ED5907FA055820B8888D8DC1430B59.text	D6ED5907FA055820B8888D8DC1430B59.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neogesasha Day., Abdel-Wahab, M. F. Caeiro & K. L. Pang 2026	<div><p>Neogesasha Day., Abdel-Wahab, M. F. Caeiro &amp; K. L. Pang gen. nov.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>‘ Neo ’ similar to Gesasha .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose to subglobose, hyaline to light brown, coriaceous, immersed or erumpent, solitary, ostiolate with a long, hyaline neck. Necks hyaline, cylindrical, single or branched, periphysate. Peridium consists of 7–10 of thick-walled, hyaline cells, forming textura angularis, the first two layers to the outside are yellow brown in color. Catenophyses present. Asci unitunicate, clavate with an apical thickening and pore, apically truncate with cytoplasmic retraction, persistent, with eight overlapping biseriate ascospores. Ascospores hyaline, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, lacking appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Neogesasha mangrovei (Abdel-Wahab &amp; Nagahama) Day., Abdel-Wahab, M. F. Caeiro &amp; K. L. Pang .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Neogesasha differs from Gesasha ( G. peditatus) by having non-appendaged ascospores with median septa and a thinner wall. Gesasha peditatus has thick-walled, foot-like ascospores with sub-median distosepta and amorphous polar appendages. Neogesasha closely resembles species of Aniptodera in having a persistent ascus with apical thickening and cytoplasmic retraction. However, Neogesasha differs from the type species of Aniptodera in having hyaline to light brown ascomata, asci with ring and thin-walled ascospores.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Neogesasha was phylogenetically distant from the type species of Aniptodera, A. chesapeakensis, and grouped in highly supported clades with Moana, Thalassogena and Gesasha (Fig. 4). Divergence-time analysis indicates that Neogesasha and Gesasha separated around ~ 68 MYA (95 % CI: 21.1–221.8 MYA), supporting their recognition as distinct genera within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D6ED5907FA055820B8888D8DC1430B59	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
443D8AA65B1F5218AB06F055875F676B.text	443D8AA65B1F5218AB06F055875F676B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neogesasha mangrovei (Abdel-Wahab & Nagahama) Day., Abdel-Wahab, M. F. Caeiro & K. L. Pang 2026	<div><p>Neogesasha mangrovei (Abdel-Wahab &amp; Nagahama) Day., Abdel-Wahab, M. F. Caeiro &amp; K. L. Pang comb. nov.</p><p>Fig. 29</p><p>Gesasha mangrovei Abdel-Wahab &amp; Nagah., Nova Hedwigia 92 (3–4): 507 (2011). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 200–300 × 210–360 μm, globose to subglobose, hyaline to light brown, coriaceous, immersed or erumpent, solitary, ostiolate with a long, hyaline neck. Necks 400–720 × 48–65 μm, hyaline, cylindrical, single or branched, periphysate. Periphyses up to 12 μm long and 0.5 μm in width, neck wall 20 μm thick. Peridium 16–24 μm thick, consists of 7–10 of thick-walled, hyaline cells, forming textura angularis, the first two layers to the outside are yellow brown in color. Catenophyses present. Asci 62–82 × 14–22 μm, unitunicate, clavate with an apical thickening and pore, apically truncate with cytoplasmic retraction, persistent, with eight overlapping biseriate ascospores. Ascospores 16–18 × 8–10 μm, hyaline, ellipsoidal, one-septate, not constricted at the septum, appendages absent. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Japan, • Okinawa, Higashi-son, Gesashi mangroves, on decayed wood in the intertidal zone, July 2008, coll. M. A. Abdel-Wahab (holotype, IMI 397960) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Neogesasha mangrovei is a saprobe occurring on mangrove wood.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/443D8AA65B1F5218AB06F055875F676B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
2E3C3E93864354BFB119BEEDAAC76248.text	2E3C3E93864354BFB119BEEDAAC76248.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neohalosarpheia Abdel-Wahab, K. L. Pang & P. Correia 2026	<div><p>Neohalosarpheia Abdel-Wahab, K. L. Pang &amp; P. Correia gen. nov.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Neo similar to the genus Halosarpheia .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata bottle-shaped, subhyaline, light brown or fuscous, membranous, mostly immersed, solitary or gregarious, ostiolate, papillate. Necks cylindrical, periphysate, hyaline to light-brown. Peridium one-layered, forming textura angularis with large lumina. Catenophyses present. Asci thin-walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate to subcylindrical, persistent, apically truncate, thickened at the apex, with an apical pore, short-pedicellate. Ascospores cylindrical-ellipsoidal, apically rounded, 1 - septate at the middle, not or slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline, with a gelatinous appendage at each apex, round or apiculate, sometimes deciduous or deliquescing. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Neohalosarpheia marina (Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb) Abdel-Wahab, K. L. Pang &amp; P. Correia .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Neohalosarpheia was distantly related with Halosarpheia ( H. fibrosa) (Campbell et al. 2003; Sakayaroj et al. 2011; Abdel-Wahab and Nagahama 2012; Fig. 4), and is therefore referred to the new genus Neohalosarpheia . Neohalosarpheia is saprobic on mangrove dead roots of Avicennia marina .</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Multi-gene phylogeny of Halosphaeriaceae in this study as well as previous studies (e. g. Campbell et al. 2003; Sakayaroj et al. 2011; Abdel-Wahab and Nagahama 2012), showed that Halosarpheia marina did not group in the Halosarpheia sensu stricto clade, but was distantly placed, and grouped in a clade with Nimbospora with no support (Fig. 4). Divergence-time analysis indicates that Neohalosarpheia marina diverged from Nimbospora in the late Paleogene (~ 38 MYA, 95 % CI: 29.9–46.4 MYA), supporting its recognition as a distinct genus (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E3C3E93864354BFB119BEEDAAC76248	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
B82BACE2C0835ACE85E33FE2B6894189.text	B82BACE2C0835ACE85E33FE2B6894189.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neohalosarpheia marina (Cribb & J. W. Cribb) Abdel-Wahab, K. L. Pang & P. Correia 2026	<div><p>Neohalosarpheia marina (Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb) Abdel-Wahab, K. L. Pang &amp; P. Correia comb. nov.</p><p>Fig. 30</p><p>Gnomonia marina Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb, Pap. Dept. Bot. Univ. Queensland 3 (12): 100 (1956). Basionym.</p><p>Halosarpheia marina (Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb) Kohlm., Mar. Ecol. 5 (4): 345 (1984). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 140–300 μm in diameter, bottle-shaped, subhyaline, light brown or fuscous, membranous, mostly immersed, solitary or gregarious, surrounded by brown hyphae 3–5 μm thick, ostiolate, papillate. Necks 100–560 µm long, 42–140 µm diam., lighter colored than the ascomata, cylindrical, simple or rarely bifurcate, immersed or projecting over the surface of the substrate, periphysate. Peridium 10–20 μm, one-layered, composed of cells of textura angularis with large lumina. Asci 95–132 × 18–28 µm, 8 - spored, thin-walled, unitunicate, clavate to subcylindrical, persistent, apically somewhat truncate, thickened at the apex, with an apical pore, short-pedicellate. Ascospores 18–23 (– 26) × 9–12 µm, hyaline, cylindrical-ellipsoidal, apically rounded, 1 - septate, not or slightly constricted at the septum, with a gelatinous appendage at each apex; appendages 1.5–3 µm long, apical or rarely sub-apical, cap-like, round or apiculate, unfurl in water into long filaments. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Australia, • Queensland, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=153.06667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 153.06667/lat -27.25)">Redcliffe</a>, decaying roots of Avicennia marina, 27°15'S, 153°04'E, 3 Dec. 1955, A. B. Cribb, holotype ; American Samoa, • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-170.65&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.366667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -170.65/lat -14.366667)">Pago Pago</a>, 14°22'S, 170°39'W, 1 Dec. 1963, R. A. Barkley (K. 1688) ; U. s. a., • Florida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.916664/lat 25.15)">Buttonwood Creek</a> near Flamingo, prop root of Rhizophora mangle, 25°09'N, 80°55'W, 9 Jan. 1964, J. Kohlmeyer (J. K. 1711 b) ; Liberia, • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-10.816667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -10.816667/lat 6.3)">Mesurado River</a> near Monrovia, prop root of Rhizophora racemosa, 6°18'N, 10°49'W, 28 Feb. 1965. J. Kohlmeyer (J. K. 1823) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Cribb and Cribb (1956) described Gnomonia marina from dead roots of Avicennia marina from Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia. Later, Kohlmeyer (1984) transferred the taxon to Halosarpheia because it has unfurling appendages that is characteristic of the genus. Halosarpheia marina differs from Halosarpheia species by having asci with thickened apex and with apical pore with active ascospore discharge (Cribb and Cribb 1956).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B82BACE2C0835ACE85E33FE2B6894189	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
640A2232615D51719BDC6CB5EAE8D2B6.text	640A2232615D51719BDC6CB5EAE8D2B6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neptunella K K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Neptunella K K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycol. Progr. 2 (1): 35 (2003)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose or bottle-shaped, immersed or semi-immersed, ostiolate, membranous, brownish or hyaline, solitary or gregarious. Necks periphysate. Catenophyses present. Asci unitunicate, 8 - spored, ellipsoid-clavate or subfusiform, thin-walled, with short stalk, apically truncated, cytoplasm retracted below the apex, with an apical pore, semi-persistent. Ascospores ellipsoidal, hyaline, 1 - septate, thin-walled, lacking appendages but with a thin ascospore sheath or exosporium. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Neptunella longirostris (Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb) K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycol. Progr. 2 (1): 35 (2003).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Neptunella is a monophyletic genus in the Halosphaeriaceae in a highly supported clade (Fig. 4) distant from Lignincola .</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>In Fig. 4, the two Neptunella longirostris strains formed a highly supported clade in the Halosphaeriaceae . Divergence-time analysis places the crown of Neptunella in the late Miocene to Pleistocene (~ 1 MYA, 95 % CI: 0.1–6.2 MYA) (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/640A2232615D51719BDC6CB5EAE8D2B6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
CB5C8E38F5E2571AA55A2D517C63491A.text	CB5C8E38F5E2571AA55A2D517C63491A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neptunella longirostris (Cribb & J. W. Cribb) K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Neptunella longirostris (Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb) K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycol. Progr. 2 (1): 35 (2003)</p><p>Fig. 31</p><p>Gnomonia longirostris Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb, Pap. Dept. Bot. Univ. Queensland 3 (12): 101 (1956). Basionym.</p><p>Lignincola longirostris (Cribb &amp; J. W. Cribb) Kohlm., Mar. Ecol. 5 (4): 353 (1984). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 120–1000 µm high, 120–270 µm diam., subglobose to bottle-shaped, hyaline or brown, membranous, immersed or partly immersed, solitary or gregarious, ostiolate. Necks 150–650 µm long, 50–70 µm diam., periphyses absent. Peridium 15–25 µm diam., one stratum, composed of a few layers of elongate cells. Catenophyses absent. Asci 40–110 × 12–25 µm, unitunicate, 8 - spored, cylindrical-clavate, ellipsoidal-clavate to sub-fusiform, irregularly deliquescing, at first thick – walled apically, becoming thin – walled, with an apical pore, short pedicellate. Ascospores 17–23 × 4–10 µm, hyaline, elongate-ellipsoidal to irregularly ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at or near the septum, not appendaged. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>India, • Tamil Nadu, Tiruvarur, Muthupet mangroves, on decaying wood of Avicennia marina ( Acanthaceae), 8 October 2017, B. Devadatha (AMH- 9988). New geographical and substrate record.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Pang et al. (2003 a) showed that Neptunella longirostris grouped with Halosphaeria appendiculata in a sister clade to Nohea umiumi and N. effusa . A widely collected taxon, on dead mangrove wood and leaves. Neptunella longirostris can be differentiated morphologically from L. laevis by: (a) asci having retraction of the plasmalemma and an apical thickening and pore, (b) an extra ascospore wall (exosporium) layer in N. longirostris (Jones et al. unpubl.), and (c) asci of L. laevis separate from the ascogenous tissue at maturity, are released through the ostiole while still containing the ascospores, and swell in the middle when they enter the water.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Australia, Bermuda, Brunei, China, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Malaysia, Mauritius, Philippines, Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, Singapore, Society Islands, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, UK (England).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB5C8E38F5E2571AA55A2D517C63491A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
7F723684C3315005AA31E4EA0542F50D.text	7F723684C3315005AA31E4EA0542F50D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nereiospora comata (Kohlm.) E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Nereiospora comata (Kohlm.) E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson &amp; S. T. Moss, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 87 (2): 206 (1983)</p><p>Peritrichospora comata Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 2: 323 (1960). Basionym.</p><p>Corollospora comata (Kohlm.) Kohlm., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 75: 126 (1962). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood, often associated with sand. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary and gregarious, subglobose to ellipsoidal, immersed or partly immersed, with or without ostioles, papillate or epapillate, without periphyses, carbonaceous, dark-brown to black. Peridium six to twelve layers, cells are usually thick-walled, black, ellipsoidal, cuboidal to rhomboidal. Pseudoparenchyma is thin-walled, without pit connections and deliquescing at maturity. Asci fusiform to clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, 8 - spored, thin-walled and deliquescing early. Ascospores are (32 –) 35–54 × 12–17 µm typically 5 - septate. Ellipsoidal to fusiform, constricted at the septa, central cells are fuscous and apical cells are hyaline. Appendages polar and equatorial tufts of rod-like appendages. Spore appendage ontogeny: appendages outgrowths of the spore, initiated prior to septation, rod-like with an outer electron-opaque layer and an electron-transparent core. (Adapted from Jones et al. 1983 a and Hyde and Sarma 2000). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Nereiospora cristata distinguishes itself from Nereiospora comata, by having smaller ascospores (24–38 (– 41) × 8–16 µm), having fewer septa (typically 3 - septate) with the asexual morph Monodictys pelagica (Mouzouras and Jones 1985).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Canada, Denmark, Germany, Japan, Sweden, UK, USA, fairly frequently collected, and has been recorded from coastal temperate areas of both the eastern and western parts of the North Atlantic Ocean.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F723684C3315005AA31E4EA0542F50D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
22EF740FE73C5A11A676712B1907CC16.text	22EF740FE73C5A11A676712B1907CC16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nereiospora E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson & S. T. Moss	<div><p>Nereiospora E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson &amp; S. T. Moss, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 87 (2): 204 (1983)</p><p>Peritrichospora Linder in Barghoorn and Linder, Farlowia 1: 414 (1944). Synonym.</p><p>Corollospora Werdermann Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin, 8: 248 (1922).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood, bark, and in foam. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary and gregarious, subglobose to ellipsoidal, immersed or partly immersed, with or without ostioles, papillate or epapillate, without periphyses, carbonaceous, dark-brown to black. Peridium six to twelve cell layers, usually thick-walled, black, ellipsoidal, cuboidal to rhomboidal. Pseudoparenchyma thin-walled, without pit connections and deliquescing at maturity. Asci fusiform to clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, 8 - spored, thin-walled and deliquescing early. Ascospores 3–5 - spetate, ellipsoidal to fusiform, constricted at the septa, central cells are fuscous and apical cells are hyaline. Appendages, polar and equatorial tufts of rod-like appendages. Appendage ontogeny outgrowths of the spore wall, initiated prior to septation, rod-like with an outer electron-opaque layer and an electron-transparent core. Spore wall composed of an electron-transparent mesosporium and an electron-opaque episporium continuous beneath the appendages. Exosporium absent. Ascospores and appendages bounded by the membrane complex. Histochemistry appendage tufts composed of neutral PAS positive carbohydrates (Adapted from Jones et al. 1983 a) Asexual morph. Hyphomycetous, conidia dark brown to fuscous, basal cell hyaline, muriform, pyriform, oblong ovoid, spherical, slightly constricted at the septa (Mouzouras and Jones 1985).</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Nereiospora comata (Kohlm.) E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson &amp; S. T. Moss, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 87 (2): 206 (1983).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Originally part of the genus Corollospora, members of the genus Nereiospora differ in the following aspects: pseudoparenchyma without pit connections; ascospore fuscous with hyaline polar cells; polar spines absent; equatorial and polar appendages are outgrowths of the spore, rod-like, in tufts, and each composed of an outer electron-opaque layer and an electron-transparent core; and secondary exosporial appendages lacking, exosporium absent (Jones et al. 1983 a).</p><p>The two species are saprobic on intertidal and drifting wood, bark and foam along the shore (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Nereiospora comata and N. cristata were monophyletic and formed a weakly supported clade with Havispora longyearbyenensis (Fig. 4). Both N. comata isolates had long branches while no phylogenetic analyses with focus on this genus were found. New isolates should be collected and sequenced.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/22EF740FE73C5A11A676712B1907CC16	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
80CD719C0718518FBA0F8CB8DBDA4CAC.text	80CD719C0718518FBA0F8CB8DBDA4CAC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nimbospora effusa Jorg. Koch	<div><p>Nimbospora effusa Jørg. Koch, Nordic J. Bot. 2 (2): 166 (1982)</p><p>Figs 1 c, 3 a</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decayed intertidal wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary or gregarious, immersed, partly immersed or superficial, globose to subglobose 180–225 × 225–240 µm, ostiolate, hyaline. Peridium membranous, pseudoparenchymatous, surface cells angular, 2–3 outer cells with slightly thickened walls, inner cells thin-walled gradually enlarging becoming large and inflated. Necks cylindrical, often bifurcate or multifurcate, periphysate, length up to 750 µm, width 70–90 µm. Asci at different stages of maturity in hymenium in venter of ascocarp, thin-walled, broadly clavate, deliquescing at maturity, 8 - spored, 64–84 × 32–44 µm. Ascospores 1 - septate, ellipsoidal, slightly constricted around septum, appendaged, hyaline, 17.0–20.5 – 24.0 × 8.0–8.5 – 9.5 µm (60 spores). Appendages of two types: 1). one is eccentrically placed, more or less an inflated sheet surrounding the spore, in young stages smooth later slightly folded and wavy except in terminal parts, diameter at spore ends up to 9 µm and at septum up to 14 µm, 2). the other is a lateral mucilaginous appendage at first a cushion, later developing into thick and thin strands up to 15 µm extending from the side of the spore. When fresh spores are mounted in water, the lateral mucilaginous appendage will mostly unfold out in more or less, apparently stiff, slightly curved strands (Adapted from Koch 1982). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Nimbospora effusa clearly belongs in the Halosphaeriaceae because it possesses deliquescing asci, appendaged ascospores and is marine (Koch 1982).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/80CD719C0718518FBA0F8CB8DBDA4CAC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
050EBD8AA351525FBDFE961122408733.text	050EBD8AA351525FBDFE961122408733.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nimbospora Jorg. Koch	<div><p>Nimbospora Jørg. Koch, Nordic J. Bot. 2 (2): 166 (1982)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decayed intertidal wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata solitary or gregarious, immersed, partly immersed or superficial, globose to subglobose, ostiolate, hyaline. Peridium membranous, pseudoparenchymatous, surface cells angular, inner cells large, thin walled. Asci thin-walled, clavate, deliquescing at maturity, 8 - spored. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, surrounded by an eccentrically developed sheet and laterally bearing a mucilaginous appendage (Adapted from Koch, 1982). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Nimbospora effusa Jørg. Koch, Nordic J. Bot. 2 (2): 166 (1982).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The type was originally isolated from strongly decayed intertidal wood from the Indian Ocean (Sri Lanka) (Koch 1982), and has been isolated from Hawaii (Pacific Ocean) and N. bipolaris was isolated from Hawaii, as well as Brunei (Pacific Ocean) (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1989; Fryar et al. 2004).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Nimbospora effusa and N. bipolaris formed a monophyletic group, sistering with Neohalosarpheia marina (Fig. 4). Divergence-time estimates place the split between Nimbospora and Neohalosarpheia in the late Paleogene (~ 38 MYA, 95 % CI: 29.9–46.4 MYA), supporting their recognition as distinct genera within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/050EBD8AA351525FBDFE961122408733	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
20D072366A4258F59CE5388A98E53811.text	20D072366A4258F59CE5388A98E53811.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nohea Kohlm. & Volkm. - Kohlm. 1991	<div><p>Nohea Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Syst. Ascomycetum 10: 121 (1991)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on intertidal wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose, immersed to superficial, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, cream colored, solitary. Peridium thin-walled, forming textura angularis. Catenophyses present, deliquescing early. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, deliquescing. Ascospores ellipsoidal, one-septate, hyaline, subapically and laterally attached appendages that gelatinize into delicate filamentous threads, also two lateral narrow thin group of hairs. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Nohea umiumi Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Syst. Ascomycetum 10: 122 (1991).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Nohea ( N. umiumi) is characterized by having two kinds of appendages; a subapical gelatinous pad wrapped around the equator and unfurls in water to form long sticky filaments and two bundles of fibers attached to the spore wall at polar positions (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1991 b). Morphologically, the genus Naufragella is similar to Nohea in having two types of ascospore appendages: gelatinous and fibrous. However, the two genera differ only in the position of the ascospore appendages. Naufragella has apical gelatinous appendages and a subapical crown of filaments at each apex below the gelatinous appendages (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann – Kohlmeyer 1998; Abdel-Wahab 2011 b). Abdel-Wahab (2011 b) transferred the two taxa in Naufragella, N. delmarensis and N. spinibarbata to Nohea . These two species are closely similar and differ only in ascospore measurements and appendage shape and length. In this monograph, Nohea spinibarbata is best referred to Naufragella, as it also grouped in a sister clade to the Nohea clade, albeit with unsupported sequence data.</p><p>Nohea species have been reported on submerged intertidal wood, driftwood, bark and bamboo submerged in marine waters (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann- Kohlmeyer 1991 b, 1998; Abdel-Wahab 2011 b).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Nohea umiumi and N. delmarensis formed a monophyletic group with a good support (Fig. 4). Taxa related were Tinhaudeus formosanus and Naufragella spinibarbata .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/20D072366A4258F59CE5388A98E53811	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
CDAE49727A9C5639BFA3C7E5F34E0E56.text	CDAE49727A9C5639BFA3C7E5F34E0E56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nohea umiumi Kohlm. & Volkm. - Kohlm.	<div><p>Nohea umiumi Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Syst. Ascomycetum 10: 122 (1991)</p><p>Fig. 3 b</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in aquatic habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata 160–300 µm diam., subglobose, cream-colored, coriaceous, solitary, superficial or immersed, ostiolate, papillate. Necks 50–300 µm long, 40–90 µm diam., cylindrical or conical, periphysate. Peridium 4–6 layers, 12–19 µm diam., composed from elongated cells, forming a textura angularis. Asci 60–75 × 22–28 µm, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, thin-walled, deliquescing at maturity. Catenophyses present. Ascospores 17–23 × 8–10.5 µm, hyaline, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, with two types of appendages. Appendages on one side of the ascospore, 1.1–1.7 µm thick, gelatinous, attached to flat, refractive, subapical pads, with tips wrapped around the equator of the spore, unfurling in water to form long sticky filaments. On the other side of the ascospore are two bundles of fibers, attached to the wall below the apices; fibers at first joined together, lying flat against the wall and directed toward the tip; in water spreading out and forming tufts of hair-like appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Sarushima Island, Japan. USA (Hawaiian Islands).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Molecular data placed N. umiumi in the Halosphaeriaceae grouping with Aniptodera species and Nimbospora effusa (Spatafora et al. 1998; Campbell et al. 2003), and formed a sister group to Neptunella longirostris (Jones et al. 2009, 2017).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CDAE49727A9C5639BFA3C7E5F34E0E56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
E31A680E88F75399A538EE3A9CAABF59.text	E31A680E88F75399A538EE3A9CAABF59.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oceanitis Kohlm.	<div><p>Oceanitis Kohlm., Rev. Mycol. (Paris) 41 (2): 193 (1977)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on dead wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata gregarious, subglobose to ellipsoidal, coriaceous, may be dimorphic, ostiolate, periphysate, epapillate, fleshy, brownish to dull orange-colored. Peridium thick, forming a textura angularis. Paraphyses absent; the center of immature ascocarps is filled with thin-walled pseudoparenchymatous cells. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, unitunicate, thin-walled, ripening successively on ascogenous tissue at the bottom of the ascocarp venter, becoming detached at maturity at the base and pushed upward by young asci, eventually dissolving in the upper part of the ascocarp venter. Ascospores filamentous, 1 - septate, hyaline, with a filiform apical appendage (based on Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Oceanitis scuticella Kohlm., Rev. Mycol. (Paris) 41 (2): 194 (1977).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Oceanitis is morphologically similar to other halosphaeriaceous species which possess ascospores with a single polar appendage, e. g. Moana, Ophiodeira, Tirispora, Trichomaris, but differ morphologically and phylogenetically.</p><p>Species of Oceanitis are saprobic on submerged decayed wood both from shore water and the deep-sea.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>In Fig. 4, Oceanitis species formed a highly supported clade with Ophiodeira monosemeia . Divergence-time analysis suggests that this relationship dates back to the mid-Cretaceous (~ 105 MYA, 95 % CI: 26.6–414 MYA), supporting the recognition of Oceanitis as a distinct evolutionary lineage within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E31A680E88F75399A538EE3A9CAABF59	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
614B3A20705C5D55965AEE11615217C0.text	614B3A20705C5D55965AEE11615217C0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oceanitis scuticella Kohlm.	<div><p>Oceanitis scuticella Kohlm., Rev. Mycol. (Paris) 41 (2): 194 (1977)</p><p>Fig. 32</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 1.4–2.03 µm high, 1.4–1.78 µm in diam., sub globose to ellipsoidal, round at the top, flat at the base, stalked or aggregated in a stroma, hypostroma 30–135 µm, ostiolate, papillate, fleshy, brown to dull orange-colored, gregarious. Hypostroma is 30–120 µm thick, light-colored, composed of small, polygonal to rounded cells with large lumina; masses of lilac-colored hyphae can be found in the wood vessels under the stromata. Peridium is 450–470 µm thick at the apex, 240–260 µm at the sides, composed of 17–35 layers of hyaline, thick-walled, polygonal, isodiametric cells with large lumina, forming a textura angularis; merging toward the center into flattened cells; outer 3–7 - cells filled with small yellowish globules. Ostioles 25–30 µm in diam., periphysate. Paraphyses absent. Ascomata filled with hyaline, thin-walled, polygonal, isodiametric, pseudoparenchymatous cells, which eventually compressed by the asci. Asci are 70–90 × 12–17 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, unitunicate, thin-walled, without apical apparatus, deliquescing. Ascospores 60–80 × 4–6 µm, filiform to elongate fusiform, 1 - septate, hyaline, with one apical appendage: appendages 32–50 µm long, 2 (- 3) µm in diam. at the base, filamentous, tapering toward the apex, wavy, whip-like, hamate, closely adpressed to the spore wall, becoming detached from the wall, but adhering with its base to the apex of the ascospore (Based on Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979; Dupont and Schwabe 2016). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Oceanitis scuticella is characterised by the thick-walled ascomata which are dimorphic (stalked or aggregated in a stroma), seated on a thin hypostroma on the surface of the woody substrate (this is not a feature of other Oceanitis species) and ascospores with a single polar appendage, similar to that of Halosarpheia species. There is no evidence that the appendage unfurls to form long thread-like filaments, as in other Oceanitis species (Fig. 33). No asci and ascospores were observed in the holotype. Oceanitis scuticella differs from other Oceanitis species by the thick-walled ascomata, 1 - septate ascospores and occurring in deep waters.</p><p>Dupont and Schwabe (2016) regard it as a true abyssal species as it has been reported from three deep water geographical areas: Atlantic Ocean: 3975 m depth; Pacific Ocean: 5229– 5217 m depth; South China Sea 1205–1397 m depth.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Angola (Vanuatu archipelago, Pacific Ocean), South China Sea (Taiping Island, and Dongsha Island), Kuril-Kamchatka Trench (Pacific Ocean, Kamchatka Peninsula, the Kuril Islands, and Hokkaido island, Japan).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/614B3A20705C5D55965AEE11615217C0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
7D0589E75EFA5F85A06ABD29D372DBEC.text	7D0589E75EFA5F85A06ABD29D372DBEC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ocostaspora apilongissima E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson & S. T. Moss	<div><p>Ocostaspora apilongissima E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson &amp; S. T. Moss, Bot. Mar. 26: 354 (1983)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 87–285 µm high, 87–270 µm wide, globose to subglobose, hyaline with short neck and upper part of centrum dark brown to black, solitary or gregarious, immersed to partly immersed in the substrate, membranous, ostiolate, papillate, and lacking periphyses. Peridium 4–5 layers, cells thin-walled, elongate, cells 25–98 µm long and 25–86 µm wide. Asci: 46.5–54 × 10–12.3 µm, 8 - spored, unitunicate, thin-walled, clavate to subcylindrical, short pedunculate, lacking apical pore and deliquescing early. Paraphyses absent. Asci formed on a cushion of pseudoparenchymatous cells at the base of ascomata. Ascospores 15–22 × 5–7.4 µm, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, not or slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline and appendaged. Appendages polar appendages 10–49 µm long, awl-like up to 7.4 µm wide and tapering, 6–8 equatorial appendages awl-like 2.4–8 µm long. Asexual morph. Undetermined. (Description based on Jones et al. 1983 c).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The type strain was isolated from driftwood collected at Eagle Cove, San Juan Island. Other isolates were obtained from a broad spectrum of locations, from both temperate (Canada, Sweden, USA) and tropical (Australia, India, Mexico, Seychelles) climates (https://www.marinefungi.org).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Denmark, Spain, Sri Lanka, UK (England), USA (Friday Harbour, Maine).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D0589E75EFA5F85A06ABD29D372DBEC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
D04156C566315393BB2DFEDC69B5AF22.text	D04156C566315393BB2DFEDC69B5AF22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ocostaspora E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson & S. T. Moss	<div><p>Ocostaspora E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson &amp; S. T. Moss, Bot. Mar. 26: 353 (1983)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose to subglobose, hyaline, exposed parts dark brown to black, solitary sometimes gregarious, immersed to partly immersed in the substrate, membranous, ostiolate, papillate, and lacking periphyses. Peridium 4–5 layers of elongate, thin-walled cells. Asci 8 - spored, clavate to subcylindrical, apiculate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, deliquescing early, asci formed on a cushion of pseudoparenchymatous cells at the base of the ascocarp. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, hyaline and appendaged. Appendages polar and equatorial, which arise by fragmentation of the exosporium, and histochemically positive stained for protein and neutral carbohydrates. Asexual morph. Undetermined. (Description based on Jones et al. 1983 c).</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Ocostaspora apilongissima E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson &amp; S. T. Moss, Bot. Mar. 26: 354 (1983).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Ocostaspora is most similar to the type species of the genus Halosphaeria ( H. appendiculata), with its polar and equatorial spoon-shaped appendages. Halosphaeria appendiculata has larger ascospores and the polar and equatorial appendages are of the same length, however the main difference is in the ontogeny of the spores and appendages. In Halosphaeria the appendages arise as outgrowths of the ascospore wall, and the exosporium is absent, while in Ocostaspora the appendages are formed by the fragmentation of the exosporium (Jones et al. 1983 c). In this monograph, we introduce the new species Ocostaspora japonica with two polar and two equatorial appendages.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Phylogenetically, O. apilongissima formed a highly supported clade with Kochiella species (Sakayaroj et al. 2011; Fig. 4), but are morphologically distinct with polar appendages only in Kochiella .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D04156C566315393BB2DFEDC69B5AF22	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
8EBB7697BF4C5375B117BB503023C8A6.text	8EBB7697BF4C5375B117BB503023C8A6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ocostaspora japonica Abdel-Wahab & E. B. G. Jones 2026	<div><p>Ocostaspora japonica Abdel-Wahab &amp; E. B. G. Jones sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 34</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>From Japan where the fungus was collected.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying driftwood in the intertidal zone in marine habitat. Sexual morph. Ascomata 140–260 μm high, 105–180 μm wide, subglobose to pear-shaped, horizontal, yellow-brown to reddish-brown upper side, hyaline base, immersed to erumpent, single, membranous, ostiolate and papillate. Necks 56–110 μm long, 30–45 μm wide, lateral, bending upward, hyaline to light-brown in color, cylindrical, ostiolar canal filled with polygonal pseudoparenchymatous cells. Peridium 10–38 μm thick, two-layered, forming textura angularis; outer layer 8–25 μm thick. Catenophyses absent. Asci 64 × 31 μm, 8 - spored, clavate, thin-walled, deliquesce early, without an apical apparatus. Ascospores 16–19 × 7–8 μm (mean = 17.6 × 7.8 μm, n = 50), ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, hyaline, with bipolar apical appendages, with wide base and tapering tip, 10–22 μm long, 1–2.5 μm wide, two equatorial appendages 5–12 μm long, 1–2.5 μm wide. Polar and equatorial appendages rapidly expand in water into long, thin filaments. Asexual morph. Unknown.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Single spore isolates of Ocostaspora japonica growing on PDA are light brown with tufts of aerial mycelium, reaching a 25–30 mm radius after one month at 25 ° C. No sporulation structures were observed.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Japan, • Sarushima Island, decaying driftwood, 28 th April 2008, M. A. Abdel-Wahab, holotype CBS-H-23863. Ex-type living culture: NBRC 105291 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Abdel-Wahab (2011 b) documented 27 marine fungi from decaying driftwood collected from the intertidal zone of Sarushima Island, Japan. Among the identified 27 taxa, seven were possibly new to science, and of those seven taxa, Savoryella sraushimana was recently described (Zhang et al. 2019). In this paper, we describe a second species, Ocostaspora japonica (listed as Morakotiella sp. NBRC 105291), which had a 2.2 % frequency of occurrence. Ocostaspora japonica can be placed in the genus Ocostaspora because it shares morphological characters with the type species, O. apilongissima, by having membranous ascomata with hyaline immersed part and yellow-brown to dark-brown upper part with non-periphysate neck; no catenophyses; asci are deliquescing early and ascospores with long polar and short equatorial appendages with spoon-shaped bases to the appendages. Both species were phylogenetically related and formed a monophyletic clade with Kochiella crispa, Morakotiella salina, Neoaniptodera juncicola and Remispora hamata (Fig. 4). The identity of the R. hamata CBS 145.60 that was deposited by Jan Kohlmeyer on 4 December 1959 is questionable as the morphology of the isolate is unknown and it is not quoted in any publication. Also, Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer (1991 a) rejected the taxon Remispora hamata because there is no type material of the fungus and stated that the collection most probably belongs to the genus Halosarpheia . Furthermore, they regarded that the original protologue and illustrations given by Höhnk (1955) was not sufficient to differentiate it from other taxa and it must be considered a nomen dubium. Remispora hamata - like taxa might represent a complex of species with unfulring polar appendages in the temperate region.</p><p>Ocostaspora japonica differs from O. apilongissima by having two equatorial appendages while the later species have 6 to 8 awl-like equatorial appendages. Polar appendages in O. apilongissima are awl-like that are much longer (10–49 µm) and wider (up to 7.4 µm) than polar appendages in O. japonica which are shorter and narrower (10–22 μm long, 1–2.5 μm wide).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8EBB7697BF4C5375B117BB503023C8A6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
31CA1C6DE7515F148512FD71CA6E4C02.text	31CA1C6DE7515F148512FD71CA6E4C02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Okeanomyces cucullatus (Kohlm.) K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Okeanomyces cucullatus (Kohlm.) K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 146 (2): 228 (2004)</p><p>Remispora cucullata Kohlm., Mycologia 56: 770 (1964). Basionym.</p><p>Halosphaeria cucullata (Kohlm.) Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 50 (9): 1956 (1972). Synonym.</p><p>Periconia prolifica Anastasiou, Nova Hedwigia 6 (3–4): 260 (1963).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 150–245 high, 150–250 µm in diam., subglobose or ampulliform, immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, brownish-black or brownish-red, solitary or gregarious. Peridium 7.5–11.5 µm thick, composed of four to six layers of thick-walled, mostly ellipsoidal cells, forming a textura angularis, merging toward the center into the pseudoparenchyma. Necks 55–100 µm long, 28–75 µm in diam., cylindrical or conical; ostiolar canal at first filled with a small-celled pseudoparenchyma. Pseudoparenchyma of thin-walled, polygonal or rounded cells filling venter of young ascomata; eventually breaking up into catenophyses; cells 9–23 µm, 6–15 µm in diameter. Asci 45–70 × 15–30 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, short pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, early deliquescing, developing at the base of the ascoma venter. Ascospores 20–68.5 × 6–11.5 µm, cylindrical or rarely ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, upon germination often becoming two- to four-septate, slightly or not constricted at the septa, hyaline, with a cap-like, subglobose, terminal, deciduous appendage at one end, 5–5.8 µm in diameter. Asexual morph. Conidiophores 5–200 × 2.5 μm, cylindrical, septate, simple or branched, hyaline, often forming pustules on the surface of the substrate. Conidiogenous cell ellipsoidal or ovoid, hyaline, produced acrogenously. Conidia 6–13 (– 20) μm in diam., one-celled, subglobose or ovoid, smooth, thick-walled, light brown with a reddish tint or dark brown, developing basipetally, catenulate, cells finally separating ( Periconia prolifica).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Okeanomyces cucullatus is a widely collected species (as the asexual morph) on a variety of substrata. The sexual stage of O. cucullatus is always associated with the mangrove environment, while P. prolifica can be found in a wide range of marine habitats (Pang et al. 2004 a). Germination of ascospores of O. cucullatus always results in its asexual stage ( P. prolifica) (Pang et al. 2011 b).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Okeanomyces cucullatus is a widely collected species with records from: Australia, Bahamas, Belize, Brazil, Brunei, Great Abaco, Guatemala, Hawaii, India, Japan, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, South Africa, Thailand, United States. The asexual stage Periconia prolifica is widely documented from tropical locations: Bahamas, Bermuda, Brazil, Belize, East Mexico, US (Florida, Hawaii), Ghana, Martinique, Sierra Leone, Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, Andaman Islands, India (Andhra Pradesh, Lakshadweep Islands, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu), East South Africa, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra), Maldives, Mauritius, Nicobar Islands, Seychelles, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Brunei, China (Hong Kong, Shenzhen), Malaysia, Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria), Philippines, Singapore, Society Islands, Thailand, West Guatemala, West Mexico, and Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/31CA1C6DE7515F148512FD71CA6E4C02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
3C179192B2C253A88343C63494C912FC.text	3C179192B2C253A88343C63494C912FC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Okeanomyces K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Okeanomyces K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 146 (2): 228 (2004)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose or ellipsoidal, immersed or semi-immersed, brown or black, coriaceous or subcarbonaceous. Periphyses absent. Asci clavate, with short peduncles, thin-walled, early deliquescing. Catenophyses present. Ascospores cylindrical, thin-walled, with or without a single cap-like appendage. Asexual morph. Conidiophores hyphomycetous, cylindrical, septate, simple or branched, hyaline, often forming pustules on the surface of the substrate. Conidiogenous cell ellipsoidal or ovoid, hyaline, produced acrogenously. Conidia one-celled, subglobose or ovoid, smooth, thick-walled, light brown with a reddish tint or dark brown, developing basipetally, catenulate, cells finally separating (asexual stage Periconia prolifica).</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Okeanomyces cucullatus (Kohlm.) K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 146 (2): 228 (2004).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Kohlmeyer (1972) revised the taxonomy of various marine genera, synonymizing Remispora under Halosphaeria, thus Remispora cucullata, introduced by Kohlmeyer (1964), was referred to Halosphaeria . Johnson et al. (1984) in an ultrastructural study of ascospore appendage ontogeny, accepted the genus Remispora . Subsequently, based on sequence data, R. cucullata did not group within Remispora and the genus Okeanomyces was introduced to accommodate R. cucullata (Pang et al. 2004 a). The sexual / Asexual connection ( Periconia prolifica) was made by Pang et al. (2004 a) based on cultural and molecular evidence. Currently, there are three species in the genus: the cosmopolitan species O. cucullatus, O. marinus and O. guttulatus with a restricted distribution in Thailand and China, respectively.</p><p>Species of the genus are saprobic on wood and in sediment (Kohlmeyer 1964; Pang et al. 2004 a; Hyde et al. 2020 a).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Pang et al. (2004 a) found that Okeanomyces was related to Aniptodera and Nais based on partial 28 S rDNA sequences. After additional species / genes of the Halosphaeriaceae became available, Okeanomyces was found to be related to Thalespora phylogenetically based on a combined analysis of the 18 S and 28 S rDNA (Hyde et al. 2020 a). In Fig. 4, Okeanomyces species also formed a highly supported clade with Thalespora appendiculata . Divergence-time estimates indicate that Okeanomyces and Thalespora separated during the Paleogene – Neogene interval (~ 10 MYA, 95 % CI: 2.5–43.7 MYA), supporting their recognition as distinct genera within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C179192B2C253A88343C63494C912FC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
1184BDB799FF5615BC146DABE4991119.text	1184BDB799FF5615BC146DABE4991119.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Okeanomyces marinus Calabon, E. B. G. Jones, Boonmee & K. D. Hyde	<div><p>Okeanomyces marinus Calabon, E. B. G. Jones, Boonmee &amp; K. D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 103: 246 (2020)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying wood submerged in intertidal rocky shore. Sexual morph. Undetermined. Asexual morph. Colonies on the substratum superficial, dark brown to black. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells erect, aggregated in clusters on hyphae, hyaline to brown, smooth, spathulate to ampulliform. Conidia 7–15 × 7–11 µm, globose, subglobose, irregular, hyaline to brown, thick and smooth-walled.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Thailand.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Okeanomyces marinus differs from P. prolifica in having conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells, while P. prolifica has pale brown erect conidiophores (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979; Hyde et al. 2020 a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1184BDB799FF5615BC146DABE4991119	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
931A08A2E6EE575D98591233E4E800DE.text	931A08A2E6EE575D98591233E4E800DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ondiniella E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson & S. T. Moss	<div><p>Ondiniella E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson &amp; S. T. Moss, Bot. Mar. 27: 136 (1984)</p><p>Fig. 2 g</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood: Sexual morph. Ascomata elongate-cylindrical, immersed ostiolate, membranous, pale to light brown. Peridium thick, neck long. Catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, early deliquescing. Ascospores 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, hyaline, ellipsoidal, with polar and equatorial appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Ondiniella torquata (Kohlm.) E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson &amp; S. T. Moss, Bot. Mar. 27: 136 (1984).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Ondiniella shares some characteristics with Lautosporopsis, both with polar and equatorial appendages, but differ in their development. Ondiniella is saprobic on intertidal and driftwood, test panels ( Fagus sylvatica, Tsuga heterophylla) in temperate marine environments.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>In Fig. 4, Ondiniella torquata formed a highly supported clade with Toriella tubulifera but their ascospores differ morphologically and at the ultrastructural level (Jones et al. 1984). No molecular data for the type material, and further collections are required to confirm the present assignment. Divergence-time analysis indicates that Ondiniella and Toriella separated across the Triassic – Neogene interval (~ 72 MYA, 95 % CI: 21.1–248 MYA), supporting their recognition as independent genera within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/931A08A2E6EE575D98591233E4E800DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
485C8352783F5BACAAA85BDF11E6A90D.text	485C8352783F5BACAAA85BDF11E6A90D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ondiniella torquata (Kohlm.) E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson & S. T. Moss	<div><p>Ondiniella torquata (Kohlm.) E. B. G. Jones, R. G. Johnson &amp; S. T. Moss, Bot. Mar. 27: 136 (1984)</p><p>Halosphaeria torquata Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 2: 311 (1960). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 225–336 µm high, 253–363 µm diam., elongate cylindrical or subglobose, immersed, ostiolate, papillate, membranous, pale brown. Peridium 12–26 µm thick, composed of 4–8 layers of thin-walled cells with large lumina forming a textura angularis. Necks 200–396 µm long, 60–100 µm wide, centric or eccentric. Pseudoparenchyma breaking up into catenophyses. Asci 80–150 × 20–33 µm, 8 - spored, clavate or subfusiform, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, without apical apparatus, early deliquescing. Ascospores 20–331 × 10–16 µm, broadly ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, hyaline, slightly constricted at the septum, with apical and equatorial appendages. Appendages polar subcylindrical, rigid and a collar-like appendage around the central septum. Asexual morph. Undetermined. (Based on Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Ondiniella torquata has distinctive appendages with a collar-like equatorial appendage, sticky and forming adhesive attachment to substrates (Jones et al. 1984; Jones 1994). Appendages arise as outgrowths of the episporium, and the exosporium is absent. Histochemically the ascospore appendages are composed of protein and carboxylated periodic acid-Schiff positive carbohydrates (Jones et al. 1984).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Canada, Chile, Iceland, UK (Scotland) UD (Connecticut, Washington).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/485C8352783F5BACAAA85BDF11E6A90D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
98F2C4D99A9E5770BFFD89760C96E13A.text	98F2C4D99A9E5770BFFD89760C96E13A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiodeira Kohlm. & Volkm. - Kohlm.	<div><p>Ophiodeira Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 66 (10): 2062 (1988)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged woody substrates in marine habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata ellipsoidal, immersed under a thin black stroma, ostiolate, light brown, solitary or gregarious, neck elongated, periphysate. Peridium thin, forming textura angularis. Catenophyses absent. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, thin-walled, unitunicate, deliquescing early, lacking an apical apparatus. Ascospores hyaline, 1 - septate, ellipsoidal, not constricted at the septum, with a single polar appendage, initially hamate, separating from the spore wall and eventually uncoiling to form long, sticky filaments. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Ophiodeira monosemeia Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 66 (10): 2062 (1988).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The monotypic genus, Ophiodeira is characterized by ascospores with a single polar appendage uncoiling to form sticky filaments, as found in the genera: Halosarpheia, Ascosacculus and Magnisphaera . Ophiodeira differs from the three previous genera by having ascomata that are immersed under a thin black stroma, deliquescing asci, absence of catenophyses and a single ascospore appendage that is cap-like, attached to the apex and side of the ascospore, at first stiff and homogenous, in water becoming soft and banner-like, eventually transforming into a coil of delicate fibers that uncoil and form long, sticky filaments (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1988; Jones et al. 2009).</p><p>Ophiodeira closely resembles Tirispora in that both genera have a single polar appendage that unfurls in water. However, both genera differ in that Ophiodeira has ascomata produced under a thin, black stroma, lacks catenophyses, asci deliquesce at maturity and lacks an apical pore in the ascus (Jones et al. 1994).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Ophiodeira formed a highly supported monophyletic clade sister to Oceanitis species (Campbell et al. 2003; Pang et al. 2003 b; Sakayaroj et al. 2011), and this is confirmed in the present study (Fig. 4). Further collections and sequences are required as only one strain (JK 5164 A) from the type material, has been sequenced. Divergence-time analysis places the split between Ophiodeira and Oceanitis near the mid-Cretaceous (~ 105 MYA, 95 % CI: 26.6–414 MYA), underscoring their independent generic status (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/98F2C4D99A9E5770BFFD89760C96E13A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
DEA76677FD9757C8BACF50F35B433686.text	DEA76677FD9757C8BACF50F35B433686.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiodeira monosemeia Kohlm. & Volkm. - Kohlm.	<div><p>Ophiodeira monosemeia Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 66 (10): 2062 (1988)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged wood in marine habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata 125–270 µm high, 210–320 µm wide, ellipsoidal, immersed under a thin black stroma, ostiolate, with long necks, light brown, solitary or gregarious. Necks 60–300 µm long, 25–35 µm in diam., more or less laterally inserted, curved, dark brown, ostiolar canal filled with short periphyses, necks piercing through the stroma. Peridium 15–20 µm thick, composed of 5–7 layers of polygonal flat cells with thick walls, forming a textura angularis, merging with the thin-walled pseudoparenchymatous cells. Pseudoparenchyma composed of thin-walled, large polygonal cells, filling the centrum of young ascomata, finally collapsing without forming catenophyses. Asci 45–65 × 15–18 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, thin-walled, unitunicate, early deliquescing, lacking an apical apparatus, developing successively on an ascogenous tissue at the bottom of the locule, mostly arranged horizontally, parallel to the wood surface. Ascospores 15.8–20.7 × 5.9–7.7 µm, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, hyaline, with a single appendage. Appendages 1 µm thick, 7–11 µm long, cap-like, probably originating from an apical pore, attached to the apex and side of the ascospore, at first stiff and homogenous, in water becoming soft and banner-like, eventually transforming into a coil of delicate fibers that uncoil and form long, sticky filaments, remaining attached to the ascospore apices with their bases. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Ophiodeira monosemeia was found from marine habitats on decaying wood of Avicennia germinans, Rhizophora apiculata, Rh. mangle, Sonneratia griffithii and Xylocarpus granatum (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1988; Hyde 1990 a, 1990 b; Hyde et al. 1990, 1993; Sarma and Vittal 2000). No asci or ascospores were found in examination of the type material, only fragments of wood remain.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Virgin Islands, St. Cruiz.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DEA76677FD9757C8BACF50F35B433686	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
BF3A44EC99475534A39346F983531D6A.text	BF3A44EC99475534A39346F983531D6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pangia Dayar., Abdel-Wahab & E. B. G. Jones 2026	<div><p>Pangia Dayar., Abdel-Wahab &amp; E. B. G. Jones, g en. nov.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>In honor of marine mycologist Ka-Lai Pang and dominative ella.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata superficial to partly immersed, globose to subglobose, ostiolate, hyaline. Peridium membranous, hyaline, of textura angularis. Necks cylindrical, long, periphysate. Asci cylindrical to clavate, unitunicate, thin-walled, containing eight ascospores, with apical pore and cytoplasm retracted below the ascus apex, deliquescent. Ascospores 1 - septate, hyaline, ellipsoidal, frequently allantoid, with a thick wall. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Pangia limnetica (Shearer) Abdel-Wahab, M. F. Caeiro &amp; E. B. G. Jones .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The genus Aniptodera has been shown to be repeatedly polyphyletic with Aniptodera lignatilis referred to Aniptosporopsis lignatilis and Aniptodera longispora to Paraaniptodera longispora, as well as others proposed in this monograph. Pangia limnetica has smaller ascocarps, asci and ascospores than A. chesapeakensis with ascospores that are allantoid with rounded tips. Ascospores do not possess polar appendages that uncoil to form long filamentous threads. Sequence data indicates that A. limnetica belongs in a new genus and this introduced as Pangia here.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>In Fig. 4, Pangia limnetica formed a clade with Tirispora unicaudata, a genus with a single polar appendage. Divergence-time analysis indicates that Pangia originated very recently, with a crown age near the present (~ 0 MYA, 95 % CI: 0–12.3 MYA) (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BF3A44EC99475534A39346F983531D6A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
DB635DA4AA3C5B538BE8054DD10006BF.text	DB635DA4AA3C5B538BE8054DD10006BF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pangia limnetica (Shearer) Abdel-Wahab, M. F. Caeiro & E. B. G. Jones 2026	<div><p>Pangia limnetica (Shearer) Abdel-Wahab, M. F. Caeiro &amp; E. B. G. Jones comb. nov.</p><p>Aniptodera limnetica Shearer, Mycologia 81 (1): 140 (1989). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood in freshwater. Sexual morph. Ascomata superficial to partly immersed, globose to subglobose, ostiolate, hyaline, 139–208 × 129–198 µm; peridium membranous, hyaline, composed of textura angularis. Necks cylindrical, long, periphysate, 59–178 × 40–69 µm. Catenophyses present. Asci in a hymenium at base of ascoma, cylindrical to clavate, 50–70 × 12–17 µm, unitunicate, thin-walled, 8 - spored, with an apical pore and cytoplasm retracted below the ascus apex, deliquescent. Ascospores 1 - septate, hyaline, ellipsoidal, frequently allantoid, 18–21.9 – 24 × 8–9.5 – 11 µm, thick-walled, (1.5 –) 2–2.8 (– 3) µm thick. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Pangia limnetica was initially collected on woody twigs in a freshwater stream, a tributary of the Salt Fork of the Vermilion River, Vermilion County, east central Illinois (Shearer 1989) along with other species Aniptodera fusiformis, and A. margarition .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Illinois (USA) Not a well-documented species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DB635DA4AA3C5B538BE8054DD10006BF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
ED0D631786045B2B95FDB868C29B4E94.text	ED0D631786045B2B95FDB868C29B4E94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorbis J. Campbell, J. L. Anderson & Shearer 2003	<div><p>Panorbis J. Campbell, J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 544 (2003)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on woody and herbaceous plant debris in freshwater, brackish and marine habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose to subglobose ostiolate hyaline at first become black with age. Peridium membranous, thin walled forming textura angularis. Necks long cylindrical periphysate hyaline at the apex and pigmented at the base. Hamathecium absent or present as catenophyses. Asci ellipsoid to clavate, thin-walled, persistent to deliquescent, lacking an apical pore and apical apparatus. Ascospores hyaline, 1 - septate, ellipsoid tapered or rounded at the apices and often flattened on one side, with an apical appendage at each end. Appendages small, hamate at first, less than or equal to one half the ascospore length, unfurling in water to form long, sticky, thread-like structures. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Panorbis viscosus (I. Schmidt) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 544 (2003).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Panorbis is a monotypic genus described from marine habitats in Germany (Schmidt 1974 a, 1985). Later it was recorded from freshwater habitats (Hyde et al. 1999 b). Originally described as a Halosphaeria species, however, molecular phylogenetic studies based on ribosomal genes placed it as a distinct lineage apart from Halosarpheia sensu stricto and a new genus was proposed to accommodate it (Campbell et al. 2003).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>In Fig. 4, two strains of P. viscosus group in a long branch with a number of weakly resolved genera ( Kochiella, Ocostaspora and Morakotiella). Divergence-time analysis places this lineage in the Paleogene – Neogene interval (~ 18 MYA, 95 % CI: 5–64.3 MYA), but its position remains unstable (Fig. 5). Further collections are required for isolation and sequencing.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED0D631786045B2B95FDB868C29B4E94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
158636A1EB105A24863DDF213DC8AA99.text	158636A1EB105A24863DDF213DC8AA99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorbis viscosus (I. Schmidt) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson & Shearer	<div><p>Panorbis viscosus (I. Schmidt) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 544 (2003)</p><p>Halosphaeria viscosa I. Schmidt, Natur Naturschutz Mecklenburg 12: 70 (1974). Basionym.</p><p>Halosarpheia viscosa (I. Schmidt) Shearer &amp; J. L. Crane, Bot. Mar. 23: 608 (1981). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on woody and herbaceous plant debris in freshwater, brackish and marine habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata 140–230 µm in diam., globose, subglobose or ellipsoidal, immersed, semi-immersed or superficial, black, membranous, ostiolate, periphysate. Peridium up to 10 µm wide, comprising compressed cells. Catenophyses present. Asci 62–75 × 17–20 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, pedicellate, lacking an apical pore or thickening, deliquescent. Ascospores 19–27 × 7.5–9.5 µm, hyaline, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, thin-walled, with bipolar hamate appendages, which unravel in water to form long filamentous threads. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Philippines, • Luzon, Laguna, Los Ba 5 os, Mt. Maquiling, on wood submerged in a freshwater stream, Sept. 1995, K. D. Hyde and T. Umali PHIL 33 (HKU (M) 2527) ; South Africa, • Durban, Palmiet River, on submerged wood, Nov. 1994, K. D. Hyde and T. Steinke SAPR 7 (HKU (M) 2219) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Panorbis viscosus differs from species in the Halosarpheia sensu stricto clade by having thin-walled peridium forming textura angularis in surface view; ellipsoid to clavate, thin-walled, persistent to deliquescent asci; 1 - septate, ellipsoidal ascospores tapered or rounded at the apices and often flattened on one side, with an apical appendage at each end; appendages small, hamate at first, less than or equal to one-half the ascospore length, unfurling in water to form long, sticky, thread-like structures (Hyde et al. 1999 b; Campbell et al. 2003). Panorbis viscosus also resembles Natantispora retorquens, but differs in ascospore appendage morphology. Panorbis viscosus recorded on woody (intertidal wood, mangrove wood) and herbaceous plant debris in freshwater, brackish and marine habitats (Schmidt 1974 a, 1985; Hyde et al. 1999 b; Campbell et al. 2003; Calabon et al. 2021).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Australia, Brunei, China, Denmark, Egypt, Fiji, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mauritius, Philippines, Portugal, Seychelles, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, USA.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/158636A1EB105A24863DDF213DC8AA99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
ACA6797A77C357E280050825D21E709C.text	ACA6797A77C357E280050825D21E709C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraaniptodera K. L. Pang, C. L. Lu, W. T. Ju & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Paraaniptodera K. L. Pang, C. L. Lu, W. T. Ju &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Bot. Mar. 60 (4): 460 (2017)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata pyriform to subglobose, lying horizontally immersed in the substratum, membranous, light brown to back, ostiolate, papillate, periphysate, peridial wall thick (15–28 µm). Catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, short pedicel, unitunicate, persistent, thickened apically with a distinct pore. Ascospores cylindrical with rounded apices, 1 - septate, hyaline, lacking appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Paraaniptodera longispora (K. D. Hyde) K. L. Pang, C. L. Lu, W. T. Ju &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Bot. Mar. 60 (4): 460 (2017).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Paraaniptodera longispora was originally described by Hyde (1990 c) from dead roots of the mangrove tree Rhizophora apiculata, based on cylindrical ascospores with rounded apices and lacking polar appendages and these features distinguish it from other Aniptodera species. Morphologically it shares features with Nais and Lignincola, genera with 1 - septate ascospores lacking appendages, but asci in these genera lack apical pores (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979). Sequence data shows that it does not group with the type species of the genus, but forms a highly supported sister clade to two strains of Cucullosporella mangrovei (Jones et al. 2017) in the Halosphaeriaceae . Ascospores of C. mangrovei have similar measurements (49–64 × 16–24 µm) to P. longispora and both occur in mangrove habitats (Alias and Jones 2010). They differ in that C. mangrovei has bipolar unfurling appendages that are extruded through a collar-like structure (Alias et al. 2001).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>In Fig. 4, P. longispora formed a strongly supported sister clade with Cucullosporella mangrovei . Divergence-time analysis places this split near the K – Pg boundary (~ 66 MYA, 95 % CI: 18.9–233.6 MYA), supporting the recognition of Paraaniptodera as an independent lineage within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ACA6797A77C357E280050825D21E709C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
445ACFD5B7E956529FF9979DDA57B393.text	445ACFD5B7E956529FF9979DDA57B393.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraaniptodera longispora (K. D. Hyde) K. L. Pang, C. L. Lu, W. T. Ju & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Paraaniptodera longispora (K. D. Hyde) K. L. Pang, C. L. Lu, W. T. Ju &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Bot. Mar. 60 (4): 460 (2017)</p><p>Aniptodera longispora K. D. Hyde, Bot. Mar. 33 (4): 335–338 (1990). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 270–390 µm long, 180–260 µm wide and 150–205 µm thick, pyriform to subglobose in frontal view, ellipsoidal in end view, lying horizontally immersed in the substrate, membranous, light brown to black above, hyaline below, ostiolate, papillate, solitary or gregarious. Peridium 15–28 µm thick, outer layer of melanized thick-walled angular cells, inner layer of hyaline thin-walled elongate cells. Necks periphysate. Catenophyses present. Asci 145–201 × 24–31 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, short pedicel, unitunicate, persistent, thin-walled, apically thickened with a pore. Ascospores 39–51 × 9–13.5 µm, cylindrical with rounded apices, 2–3 seriate, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at the septum, each cell with a prominent guttule, hyaline, lacking appendages or a sheath. Asexual morph. Undermined. (after Hyde 1990 c).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Australia, Belize, Bermuda, Brunei, Malaysia, Thailand, USA (Florida).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Saprophytic on dead roots and wood of mangrove trees.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/445ACFD5B7E956529FF9979DDA57B393	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
D9E8130FE2455F5FBB65D5A00B0ED85C.text	D9E8130FE2455F5FBB65D5A00B0ED85C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phaeonectriella lignicola R. A. Eaton & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Phaeonectriella lignicola R. A. Eaton &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Nova Hedwigia 19 (3–4): 779 (1971)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 280–575 µm long, 100–150 µm wide, solitary, immersed, globose to subglobose, hyaline to pale brown, membranous. Necks 100–317 µm long, 46–93 µm wide, periphysate, hyaline, darkening with age, protruding from the wood. Paraphyses lacking. Asci 100–417 × 22–35 µm, clavate with an apical pore, 8 - spored and unitunicate. Ascospores 26–30 × 9.5–11 µm, 1 - septate, asymmetrical, ellipsoidal, hyaline becoming brown at maturity. Ascospores wall smooth with apical appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species was originally described from brackish water on exposed beech and Scots pine test blocks in water cooling towers, located in Great Britain. At a later date, new samples were found on twigs from a freshwater stream near Taipei (Taiwan) and from Black River (Mauritius) on submerged wood (Jones 1995; Hyde et al. 1999 b; Abdel-Aziz et al. 2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D9E8130FE2455F5FBB65D5A00B0ED85C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
A8628B7484615A54B0307F2B9B73D92B.text	A8628B7484615A54B0307F2B9B73D92B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phaeonectriella R. A. Eaton & E. B. G. Jones 1971	<div><p>Phaeonectriella R. A. Eaton &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Nova Hedwigia 19 (3–4): 779 (1971)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose, solitary, immersed in the wood, membranous, hyaline to pale yellow, long periphysate necks. Asci unitunicate, clavate. 8 - spored, lacking paraphyses. Ascospores 2 - septate, brown. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Phaeonectriella lignicola R. A. Eaton &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Nova Hedwigia 19 (3–4): 779 (1971).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Phaeonectriella is like Aniptodera, as both genera possess hyaline ascomata with long periphysate necks, asci with an apical pore and catenophyses, however they differ in that ascospores in Phaeonectriella are brown and lack polar hamate appendages that form long viscous threads (Jones 1995).</p><p>Phaeonectriella species differ in their ascospore measurements, presence of polar appendages and ecologically: P. lignicola known on wood from brackish water, ascospores 26–30 × 9.5–11 µm, lacking polar appendages; P. appendiculata, freshwater on wood, ascospores 32–42 × 10–12 µm with polar appendages; and P. alba on Phragmites australis stems in freshwater, ascospores 25–33 × 8–13 µm lacking polar appendages (Abdel-Aziz et al. 2019). Phaeonectriella appendiculata is the only species with appendaged ascospores. Ascospore appendages were not mentioned in the holotype of P. lignicola nor in the Taiwanese specimen (Eaton and Jones 1970; Jones 1995). However, a specimen from Mauritius identified as P. lignicola by Hyde et al. (1999 b) did produce polar appendages.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Phaeonectriella alba grouped consistently with the type species P. lignicola in the Halosphaeriaceae with strong support in all analyses, with 100 % statistical support in ML / MP and BYPP (Fig. 4). Divergence-time analysis places the crown of Phaeonectriella in the Miocene (~ 9 MYA, 95 % CI: 4.9–18.3 MYA), supporting its recognition as a distinct and cohesive genus within the family (Fig. 5). However, Phaeonectriella appendiculata needs to be recollected and sequenced to determine if it belongs in the genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A8628B7484615A54B0307F2B9B73D92B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
E73AC00A35FD5E688165684AE4D025E4.text	E73AC00A35FD5E688165684AE4D025E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pileomyces formosanus K. L. Pang & J. S. Jheng	<div><p>Pileomyces formosanus K. L. Pang &amp; J. S. Jheng, Bot. Stud. (Taipei) 53: 536 (2012)</p><p>Fig. 35</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on trapped bamboo. Sexual morph. Ascomata 221 – (231) – 241 × 182 – (234) – 285 µm, dark-colored, pyriform with globose to subglobose venter, immersed, erumpent or exposed, coriaceous, ostiolate, smooth. Necks short. Periphyses absent. Peridium 15 - (19) - 24 µm (n = 4), dark-colored, 1 - layered, composed of a few layers of elongate cells. Catenophyses present, irregular in shape. Asci 98 – (111) – 128 × 27 – (31) – 37 µm, unitunicate, broadly clavate, apically thickened with retraction of plasmalemma, with an apical pore, short pedunculate, thin-walled, 8 - spored, persistent or semi-persistent, developing from inner wall of ascoma base. Ascospores 26 – (30) – 36 × 9 – (10) – 12 µm, ellipsoidal with rounded apices, 1 - septate, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled. Appendages initially covering one end of the ascospores, gradually detach from ascospore to form an ellipsoidal sheet. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Pileomyces formosanus was saprobic on trapped bamboo.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E73AC00A35FD5E688165684AE4D025E4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
997E77E98C7858DE855EB0D977525305.text	997E77E98C7858DE855EB0D977525305.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pileomyces K. L. Pang & J. S. Jheng	<div><p>Pileomyces K. L. Pang &amp; J. S. Jheng, Bot. Stud. (Taipei) 53: 536 (2012)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on trapped bamboo. Sexual morph. Ascomata dark-colored, pyriform with globose to subglobose venter, immersed, erumpent or exposed, coriaceous, ostiolate, smooth. Necks short. Periphyses absent. Peridium dark-colored, 1 - layered, composed of a few layers of elongate cells. Catenophyses present, irregular in shape. Asci unitunicate, broadly clavate, apically thickened with retraction of plasmalemma, with an apical pore, short pedunculate, thin-walled, 8 - spored, persistent or semi-persistent, developing from inner wall of ascoma base. Ascospores ellipsoidal with rounded apices, 1 - septate, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled. Appendage initially covering one end of ascospores, gradually becoming detached from the ascospores wall to form an ellipsoidal sheet. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Pileomyces formosanus K. L. Pang &amp; J. S. Jheng, Bot. Stud. (Taipei) 53: 536 (2012).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Pileomyces has typical morphological characteristics of the Halosphaeriaceae, such as pseudoparenchymatous centrum, broadly clavate asci, presence of catenophyses, and ellipsoidal / fusiform, mostly hyaline ascospores with appendages (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979). Pileomyces ( P. formosanus), however, is distinct in the family in having a sheet-like appendage covering one end of the ascospores, which detach when mounted in seawater (Pang and Jheng 2012 b).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>A combined analysis of the 18 S and 28 S rDNA suggested a close relationship between P. formosanus and Tirispora unicaudata (Jones et al. 2017). In this study (Fig. 4), P. formosanus constituted a separate branch, with no close relatives. Divergence-time analysis places the Pileomyces lineage in the Cretaceous (~ 90 MYA, 95 % CI: 50.6–262.4 MYA), underscoring its long independent history and supporting its recognition as a distinct genus within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/997E77E98C7858DE855EB0D977525305	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
085462EEB7AD55C9A3383F388A7CC4E6.text	085462EEB7AD55C9A3383F388A7CC4E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Praelongicaulis E. B. G. Jones, Abdel-Wahab & K. L. Pang	<div><p>Praelongicaulis E. B. G. Jones, Abdel-Wahab &amp; K. L. Pang, Fungal Diversity 73: 54 (2015)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on intertidal, decaying mangrove wood and bark. Sexual morph. Ascomata ellipsoidal, dark-colored, membranous to coriaceous, immersed, ostiolate, papillate. Necks periphysate. Peridium two layers of cells of textural angularis, outer layer of polygonal dark brown, melanized cells with large lumina, inner layer of elongated, polygonal, light brown cells. Catenophyses present. Asci thin-walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate, persistent, with a long stalk. Ascospores hyaline, ellipsoidal, thin-walled, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum. Appendages bipolar, unfurling to form a long fine thread in sea water. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Praelongicaulis kandeliae (Abdel-Wahab &amp; E. B. G. Jones) E. B. G. Jones, Abdel-Wahab &amp; K. L. Pang, Fungal Diversity 73: 54 (2015).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Praelongicaulis kandeliae was found to be unrelated to the type species of Halosarpheia ( H. fibrosa) in a phylogenetic review of the Halosphaeriaceae (Sakayaroj et al. 2011), but no formal taxonomic change was made.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Phylogeny of Praelongicaulis was poorly resolved in early studies. In our study Praelongicaulis kandeliae is in a highly supported clade, sister (but without support) to the Saagaromyces clade (Fig. 4). Divergence-time estimates place the Praelongicaulis – Saagaromyces split in the Jurassic (~ 168 MYA, 95 % CI: 57–469.4 MYA), supporting its recognition as an independent lineage within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/085462EEB7AD55C9A3383F388A7CC4E6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
C9E4A8F12A7A5EAD896829F91531F2D1.text	C9E4A8F12A7A5EAD896829F91531F2D1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Praelongicaulis kandeliae (Abdel-Wahab & E. B. G. Jones) E. B. G. Jones, Abdel-Wahab & K. L. Pang	<div><p>Praelongicaulis kandeliae (Abdel-Wahab &amp; E. B. G. Jones) E. B. G. Jones, Abdel-Wahab &amp; K. L. Pang, Fungal Diversity 73: 54 (2015)</p><p>Halosarpheia kandeliae Abdel-Wahab &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycol. Res. 103 (11): 1500 (1999). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on intertidal, decaying mangrove wood and bark. Sexual morph. Ascomata 200 – (235) – 310 µm high × 120 – (157) – 180 µm diam., ellipsoidal, black upper side, light brown bottom, membranous, immersed under blackened bark, ostiolate, papillate. Peridium 25 – (33) – 42 µm thick, two layered, forming textura angularis: outer stratum 10 – (12) – 15 µm thick, 3–5 layers of polygonal dark brown melanized cells with large lumina; inner stratum 15 – (21) – 28 µm thick, 5–7 layers of elongated polygonal, light brown cells with narrow lumina. Necks 110 – (130) – 137 µm long × 40 – (63) – 77 µm diam., light brown, periphysate. Catenophyses present. Asci 50 – (79) – 110 × 12 – (19) – 22 µm, with narrow long stalks, thin-walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate, persistent, 10 – (28) – 44 µm long, 1 – (2) – 3 µm diam. Ascospores 12 – (15) – 21 × 4 – (6) – 8 µm, hyaline, ellipsoidal, thin-walled, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, appendaged. Appendages bipolar, 5 – (10) – 13 µm long, 2 – (3) – 4 µm diam., unfurling into fine thread in water. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The main characteristic of P. kandeliae is its asci with a long stalk (Abdel-Wahab et al. 1999). This species is saprobic on intertidal, decaying mangrove wood and bark.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Hong Kong, Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C9E4A8F12A7A5EAD896829F91531F2D1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
2E380E12DE93559BB7501CE98D7015D1.text	2E380E12DE93559BB7501CE98D7015D1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudolignincola Chatmala & E. B. G. Jones 2006	<div><p>Pseudolignincola Chatmala &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Nova Hedwigia 83 (1–2): 225 (2006)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose, dark brown, coriaceous, long periphysate neck, solitary, immersed in the wood. Catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, unitunicate, clavate to slightly cylindrical, long pedicellate, apex truncate with a refractive apical thickening, apical pore and plasmalemma retracting at the apex. Ascospores cylindrical, 1–4 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, lacking a sheath or appendage. Asexual morph. Hyphomycetous, mycelium immersed in the substratum, hyphae brown, forming sporodochium-like clusters, conidia holoblastic, unicellular, pyriform to hemispherical, dark brown, borne on a short conidiogenous cell and described as Humicola siamensis .</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Pseudolignincola siamensis Chatmala &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Nova Hedwigia 83 (1–2): 226 (2006).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Pseudolignincola is similar to Pseudohalonectria, a freshwater Ascomycota, but phylogenetically they are distantly related (Minoura and Muroi 1978). The genus grouped with Magnisphaera spartinae in a weakly supported clade in the Halosphaeriaceae, but shares no morphological features (Jones et al. 2006).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Pseudolignincola siamensis and Humicola sp. formed a clade with Safagamyces marinus with weak support (Fig. 4). Divergence-time analysis indicates that this lineage originated in the Early Cretaceous (~ 125 MYA, 95 % CI: 28.9–501.5 MYA). Further collections of both species are required to strengthen their phylogenetic resolution (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E380E12DE93559BB7501CE98D7015D1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
8972E067793D503F99D255479F44E832.text	8972E067793D503F99D255479F44E832.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudolignincola siamensis Chatmala & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Pseudolignincola siamensis Chatmala &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Nova Hedwigia 83 (1–2): 226 (2006)</p><p>Humicola siamensis Chatmala &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Nova Hedwigia 83 (1–2): 226 (2006). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on Nypa palm. Sexual morph. Ascomata 410–580 µm high, 445–620 µm diam., globose, dark brown, coriaceous, solitary, with a long, periphysate neck 710–1485 µm long, 34–138 µm wide, immersed in the substrate. Peridium 45–50 µm thick. Centrum breaking up into catenophyses. Asci 65–90 × 10–15 µm, 8 - spored, clavate to slightly cylindrical, unitunicate, thin-walled, apex truncate, with a refractive apical thickening, a pore and the plasmalemma retracting from the ascus wall. Ascospores 15–32 × 3–6 µm, 1–4 septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, lacking a sheath or appendages. Asexual morph. Mycelium hyphomycetous, immersed in the substratum, hyphae brown, 2–3 µm wide, forming sporodochium-like clusters. Conidia holoblastic, unicellular 14–27 × 10–19 µm, pyriform to hemispherical, dark brown, borne on a short conidiogenous cell (Adapted from Jones et al. 2006).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Thailand, • Andaman Sea, Had Chao Mai National Park, coll. I. Chatmala on palm Nypa fruticans, July 2000 Herb BIOTEC IT 41 (holotype) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Pseudolignincola siamensis resembles Lignincola nypae in ascus and hyaline ascospore shape, but differs in that the former has 1–4 septate ascospores. The asexual morph was produced from a germinating single ascospore and sporulates readily in culture. Both sexual and asexual morphs occurred on natural substrata. It is saprobic on mangrove wood.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8972E067793D503F99D255479F44E832	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
327C8D6159EB529F811F1D3B52451207.text	327C8D6159EB529F811F1D3B52451207.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Qarounispora grandiappendiculata Nourel-Din, Abdel-Aziz & Abdel-Wahab	<div><p>Qarounispora grandiappendiculata Nourel-Din, Abdel-Aziz &amp; Abdel-Wahab, Phytotaxa 530 (1): 91 (2022)</p><p>Fig. 36</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying submerged wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 125–200 μm in diam., perithecial, ostiolate, papillate, superficial or partly immersed, globose to subglobose, yellow to orange-brown in color, membranous. Necks 50–90 μm long, 45–60 μm diam., cylindrical to conical, hyaline to yellow-orange, periphysate, ascospores ooze from the ostiolar canal forming spore mass that is bright yellow-orange in color. Peridium 12.3–22.8 μm thick, membranous, one-layered, yellow to orange-brown in color, forming textura angularis. Catenophyses present. Asci 65–115 × 30–45 μm, unitunicate, thin-walled, without an apical apparatus, 8 - spored, developing at the base of the ascomatal venter, semi-persistent, clavate or broadly ellipsoidal. Ascospores 18–40 × 13–18 μm, hyaline to yellow-orange in color, thick-walled, distoseptate, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, ellipsoidal to broadly ellipsoidal. Appendages present, one polar appendage coiled inside a globose sheath connected with the ascospore by a hyaline rib and the appendage swells in water to form irregular amorphous large structure 20.3–59 × 14–24.2 μm. Asexual morph. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Egypt, • El-Faiyum governorate: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.819168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.483334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.819168/lat 29.483334)">Qaroun Lake</a>, on decaying submerged wood, 29°29'00"N, 30°49'09"E, 20 Nov. 2018, A. A. H. Nourel-Din (SUMCC H-17009, holotype) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Qarounispora grandiappendiculata has 1 - septate, thick-walled, distoseptate, hyaline to yellow-orange, broadly ellipsoidal ascospores with amorphous, large and irregular single polar appendage. Halosarpheia japonica also has one polar appendage that consists of amorphous material enclosed in cellular sheath that dissolves in water and the appendage swell to form huge tree-like appendage that is similar in its nature and shape to the appendages of Q. grandiappendiculata . However, H. japonica differs from Q. grandiappendiculata by having brown to black, large ascomata with thick peridium and with unicellular ascospores. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the ribosomal genes placed H. japonica in Halosarpheia (Abdel-Wahab and Nagahama 2012).</p><p>Qarounispora grandiappendiculata is a saprobic fungus growing on decaying submerged wood in a saline lake (Nourel-Din et al. 2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/327C8D6159EB529F811F1D3B52451207	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
72D4E6650E735102AD76E391E3771C4F.text	72D4E6650E735102AD76E391E3771C4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Qarounispora Nourel-Din, Abdel-Aziz & Abdel-Wahab	<div><p>Qarounispora Nourel-Din, Abdel-Aziz &amp; Abdel-Wahab, Phytotaxa 530 (1): 91 (2022)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged marine substrates. Sexual morph. Ascomata perithecial, ostiolate, papillate, partly immersed or superficial, globose to subglobose, yellow to orange brown in color, membranous. Necks cylindrical to conical, hyaline to yellow, periphysate. Peridium membranous, one-layered, forming textura angularis. Catenophyses present, developing from the pseudoparenchyma of the centrum. Asci unitunicate, thin-walled, without an apical apparatus, developing at the base of the ascomatal venter, 8 - spored, semi-persistent, clavate or broadly ellipsoidal. Ascospores hyaline to yellow-orange in color, 1 - septate, thick-walled, distoseptate, ellipsoidal to broadly ellipsoidal, with one polar appendage. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Qarounispora grandiappendiculata Nourel-Din, Abdel-Aziz &amp; Abdel-Wahab, Phytotaxa 530 (1): 91 (2022).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Qarounispora is characterized by its yellow to orange-brown ascomata, thin-walled, semipersistent asci, hyaline to yellow-orange, thick-walled, distoseptate ascospores with one polar appendage that is amorphous in structure, large in size and irregular in shape.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Multigene analyses based on 28 S, 18 S and ITS rDNA placed the new fungus as a distinct branch within the Halosphaeriaceae as a distinct branch from morphologically related fungal taxa with one polar appendage to the ascospores: Moana, Oceanitis, Okeanomyces, Ophiodeira and Tirispora (Nourel-Din et al. 2022). Qarounispora grandiappendiculata formed a monophyletic clade with Jinshana tangtangiae (Fig. 4) and they share some morphological details in common, especially the nature of their appendages. Divergence-time analysis places their split in the late Miocene to Pliocene (~ 4 MYA, 95 % CI: 1.3–10.5 MYA), supporting their recognition as closely related but distinct genera (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/72D4E6650E735102AD76E391E3771C4F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
26A2AF7280C553AEBAEB0E816CD816DF.text	26A2AF7280C553AEBAEB0E816CD816DF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Remispora Linder 1944	<div><p>Remispora Linder, Farlowia 1 (3): 409 (1944)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on different woody substrates. Sexual morph. Ascomata are solitary or gregarious, globose to subglobose, immersed or superficial, ostiolate, papillate, eperiphysate, membranous, hyaline to cream colored, upper part often darker. Peridium composed of 6–9 layers of cells which are thick-walled, hyaline, elongated and with large lumina. Necks are subcylindrical, with or without periphyses. Pseudoparenchyma with catenophyses present, cells thin-walled, large, ellipsoidal or polygonal. Asci 8 - spored, clavate to broadly fusoid, apiculate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, deliquescing early and developing at the base of the ascocarp. Ascospores ellipsoidal to ovoid, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, hyaline and appendaged. Polar appendages are pleomorphic (Johnson et al. 1984). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Remispora maritima Linder, Farlowia 1 (3): 410 (1944).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Remispora is distinguished from Halosphaeria by the following characters: perithecia usually hyaline, ascocarp wall composed of 6–9 layers of elongate, hyaline, cells; catenophyses present; ascospores have pleomorphic polar appendages; appendages formed by fragmentation or dissolution of an exosporium which totally surrounds the spore, and appendages composed of two components, the amorphous component dissolving in water at maturity (Johnson et al. 1984). Ascospore appendage morphology differs between the Remispora species: 1. Appendages wing-like ( R. maritima, R. pilleata); 2. Appendages crown-like with radiating appendages ( R. spitsbergenensis, R. quadri-remis, R. stellata), suggesting the latter might belong to a different genus and supported by sequence data (Sakayaroj et al. 2011; Gonçalves et al. 2021). A new genus, Remisporiopsis, is established for these species in this monograph.</p><p>Gonçalves et al. (2021) introduced Remispora submersa from submerged wood baits of Pinus pinaster at Ria de Aveiro, Portugal with first report of an asexual stage for the genus Remispora . Characteristic features include conidiophores erect, arising directly from the vegetative hyphae, hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, 23.7–34.1 × 1.5–2.1 mm and with aseptate conidia hyaline, smooth, cylindrical to narrowly ellipsoid, 3.3–4.3 × 1.2–1.8 μm. Sadly, details of the conidiogenous cells and conidial development are not given or any comment on the morphological features of the species, especially as this is the first report of an asexual stage in the genus. Remispora submersa is phylogenetically closely related to R. spitsbergenensis (CY 5279), R. quadri-remis (CBS 334.62), and R. stellata (CBS 258.60) (Gonçalves et al. 2021).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Remispora was polyphyletic (Fig. 4) and species not grouping with type species ( R. maritima) are assigned to other genera. Remispora maritima, R. pilleata (with molecular data) and R. minuta (no sequences) are retained in Remispora . Species in this genus have a single polar appendage. Remispora submersa, R. spitsbergenensis, R. stellata and R. quadri-remis are referred to the new genus Remisporiopsis based on molecular data, distantly placed from Remispora (Fig. 4) and morphologically ascospore polar appendages composed of a crown of 4–6 appendages. Divergence-time analysis further supports this separation: the Remisporiopsis lineage originated in the Cretaceous (~ 84 MYA, 95 % CI: 28.9–246.7 MYA), while Remispora sensu stricto dates to the Oligocene (~ 30 MYA, 95 % CI: 19.7–44.7 MYA), confirming their independent evolutionary trajectories (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/26A2AF7280C553AEBAEB0E816CD816DF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
C7F9B94F4ABC59CF92B5CAC462676FAF.text	C7F9B94F4ABC59CF92B5CAC462676FAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Remispora maritima Linder	<div><p>Remispora maritima Linder, Farlowia 1 (3): 410 (1944)</p><p>Halosphaeria maritima (Linder) Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 50 (9): 1956 (1972). Synonymy.</p><p>Remispora lobata Höhnk, Veröff. Inst. Meeresf. Bremerhaven 3: 206 (1955).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 180–570 (– 670) µm in diam., globose, subglobose, or ovoid, immersed or superficial, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, almost hyaline, cream-colored or smoke-gray, sometimes the upper part darker than the lower, solitary or gregarious. Peridium is 8–32 µm thick, composed of six to nine layers of thick-walled, more or less elongated cells with large lumina, forming a textura angularis, merging into the pseudoparenchyma of the venter. Necks 100–390 (– 600) × 20–60 µm, subcylindrical or truncate-conical, sometimes forked or two on one ascocarp, centric or eccentric. Pseudoparenchyma of thin-walled, large, ellipsoidal or polygonal cells filling the venter of young ascocarps; eventually breaking up into catenophyses, 7–9.5 µm in diameter. Asci 72–148 × 21.5–39 µm, 8 - spored, clavate or broadly fusoid, somewhat apiculate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, aphysoclastic, without apical apparatuses, early deliquescing, developing at the base of the ascocarp venter. Ascospores 18–30 (– 31.5) × 8–13 µm (excluding appendages), ellipsoidal, ovoid or broadly ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, hyaline, appendaged; at first surrounded by a subgelatinous, exosporic sheath that unfolds, remaining attached at both ends of the ascospore; appendages pleomorphic, most apices attenuate and irregularly stretched out (based on Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>All species are saprobic on different woody substrates. Remispora maritima and R. pilleata can be regarded as cold water species, while R minuta is a tropical / subtropical species (Pugh and Jones 1986; Pang et al. 2008 c; Hagestad et al. 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C7F9B94F4ABC59CF92B5CAC462676FAF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
1F8D49A5A07551FE9E409739E8830214.text	1F8D49A5A07551FE9E409739E8830214.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Remisporiopsis K. L. Pang, E. B. G. Jones, E. Azevedo & M. F. Caeiro 2026	<div><p>Remisporiopsis K. L. Pang, E. B. G. Jones, E. Azevedo &amp; M. F. Caeiro gen. nov.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>From remi for Remispora and sporiopsis.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood Sexual morph. Ascomata subglobose, globose, ellipsoidal, immersed or superficial, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, creamed colored, solitary or gregarious. Peridium thick. Necks variable in length. Catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, lacking an apical pore, deliquescing early. Ascospores ellipsoidal, hyaline, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, appendaged. Appendages apical, formed by fragmentation of exosporium, forming a crown 4–6 appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Remisporiopsis stellatus (Kohlm.) K. L. Pang, E. B. G. Jones, E. Azevedo &amp; M. F. Caeiro .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>We designate Remispora stellata as the type species of this new genus and isolate 3129 J (28 S rDNA – KM 272364, ITS rDNA – KM 272365) as the neotype from Rämä et al. (2014), collected on driftwood from Norway (Arctic Ocean), as it best fits the description of Remispora stellata .</p><p>Remispora and Remisporiopsis can be distinguished by their appendage morphology: Remispora species have a single sheath-like appendage while those of Remisporiopsis form a crown of 4–6 apical appendages. Johnson et al. (1984) showed that in a TEM study, these appendages were formed by fragmentation of an exosporial sheath which comprised a fibrous component embedded in an amorphous matrix. When fixed with permanganate, the fibrillar component of R. stellatus arises through pores in the episporium (Manimohan et al. 1993). The morphology of Remisporiopsis submersa was unknown as sequences were derived from mycelium (Gonçalves et al. 2021). In this monograph we provide a photo plate from material collected in Portugal by E. Azevedo.</p><p>Species of this genus are saprobic on intertidal and driftwood, test panels, mangrove wood, seeds of Cocos nucifera, calcareous linings of empty shipworm tubes.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>The three Remisporiopsis species ( R. quadri-remis, R. stellatus, R. submersa) formed a well-supported monophyletic clade with Cirrenalia macrocephala, sistering with Ascoglobospora marina and Aniptosporopsis lignatilis (Fig. 4). Cirrenalia macrocephala is transferred to Remisporiopsis in this study as an asexual species. Divergence-time analysis places the crown of Remisporiopsis in the late Eocene (~ 36 MYA, 95 % CI: 9.2–144.3 MYA), supporting its recognition as a distinct genus within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1F8D49A5A07551FE9E409739E8830214	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
5A719F1AF87F5BE3BAF31B5D433A55F4.text	5A719F1AF87F5BE3BAF31B5D433A55F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Remisporiopsis macrocephala (Meyers & R. T. Moore) K. L. Pang. E. B. G. Jones & M. F. Caeiro 2026	<div><p>Remisporiopsis macrocephala (Meyers &amp; R. T. Moore) K. L. Pang. E. B. G. Jones &amp; M. F. Caeiro comb. nov.</p><p>Helicoma macrocephalum Kohlm., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 71 (2): 99 (1958). Basionym.</p><p>Cirrenalia macrocephala (Kohlm.) Meyers and R. T. Moore, Amer. J. Bot. 47 (5): 347 (1960). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on plant debris in marine habitats. Sexual morph. Undetermined. Asexual morph. Colonies effuse, thin, black, granular. Hyphae 1.5–2 µm diam., septate, ramose, hyaline to dark-brown. Conidiophores 3.5–25 µm long, 2–5 µm in diam., cylindrical, occasionally apically somewhat inflated, zero- to three-septate, simple, straight or curved, hyaline to yellowish. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate. Conidia acrogenous, solitary, helicoid, rarely straight, 0.25 to 1 time contorted, two- to seven-septate, strongly constricted at the septa, multiguttulate, reddish fuscous; cells increasing in diameter and pigmentation from base to apex, distinctly dissimilar; spirals 12–31.5 (– 35) µm high, 12–23.5 µm diam.; terminal cell 5.5–13.5 µm high, 6.5–14 (– 17) µm diam., subglobose, basally flattened, reddish fuscous, largest and darkest of all cells; basal cells 1.5–6 (– 7) µm high, 2.5–7 diam., semiglobose or obtusely conical, hyaline; central cells subglobose, cylindrical or doliform, brownish.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Italy, • on panels submerged off shore, J. Kohlmeyer (IMS, J. K. 5188) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Remisporiopsis macrocephala (= Cirrenalia macrocephala) is cosmopolitan in its distribution with more records from temperate waters. It was recorded from various substrata including decaying intertidal wood of Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mangle, R. mucronata, driftwood and decaying leaves.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ivory Coast, Italy, Malaysia, South Africa, New Zealand, UK, USA.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A719F1AF87F5BE3BAF31B5D433A55F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
B17A087EC59351D8AAC3F730BCA7F3B0.text	B17A087EC59351D8AAC3F730BCA7F3B0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Remisporiopsis quadri-remis (Hohnk) K. L. Pang, E. B. G. Jones, E. Azevedo & M. F. Caeiro 2026	<div><p>Remisporiopsis quadri-remis (Höhnk) K. L. Pang, E. B. G. Jones, E. A zevedo and M. F. Caeiro comb. nov.</p><p>Fig. 2 b</p><p>Halosphaeria quadri-remis (Höhnk) Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 50 (9): 1957 (1972). Synonym.</p><p>Palomyces quadri-remis Höhnk, Veröff. Inst. Meeresf. Bremerhaven 3: 213 (1955).</p><p>Arenariomyces quadri-remis (Höhnk) Meyers, Mycologia 49: 505 (1957).</p><p>Remispora quadri-remis (Höhnk) Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 2: 332 (1960).</p><p>Type sequences.</p><p>From the isolate CBS 334.62.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B17A087EC59351D8AAC3F730BCA7F3B0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
E80BA077E6295B25B01D31BD75CE5152.text	E80BA077E6295B25B01D31BD75CE5152.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Remisporiopsis spitsbergenensis (K. L. Pang & Vrijmoed) K. L. Pang & Vrijmoed 2026	<div><p>Remisporiopsis spitsbergenensis (K. L. Pang &amp; Vrijmoed) K. L. Pang &amp; Vrijmoed comb. nov.</p><p>Remispora spitsbergenensis K. L. Pang &amp; Vrijmoed, Mycologia 101 (4): 533 (2009). Synonym.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E80BA077E6295B25B01D31BD75CE5152	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
E94D2A328C0057BDB012A60ADD2F2F62.text	E94D2A328C0057BDB012A60ADD2F2F62.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Remisporiopsis stellatus (Kohlm.) K. L. Pang, E. B. G. Jones, E. Azevedo & M. F. Caeiro 2026	<div><p>Remisporiopsis stellatus (Kohlm.) K. L. Pang, E. B. G. Jones, E. Azevedo &amp; M. F. Caeiro comb. nov.</p><p>Remispora stellata Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 2: 334 (1960). Synonyms.</p><p>Halosphaeria stellata (Kohlm.) Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 50 (9): 1957 (1972).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood Sexual morph. Ascomata 172–471 µm high, 226–471 µm diam., subglobose or ovoid, immersed or superficial, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, creamed colored, yellowish brown, solitary or gregarious. Peridium 12–25 µm thick, six layers of roundish or ellipsoidal, thick-walled cells, forming a textura angularis. Necks variable up to 622 µm long. Catenophyses present. Asci 72–80 × 19–28 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, lacking an apical pore, deliquescing early. Ascospores 24–30 × 8.5–12.5 µm, ellipsoidal, hyaline, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, appendaged. Appendages 13–24.5 µm long, apical, formed by fragmentation of exosporium which is striate in a gelatinous matrix, forming a crown 4–6 appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type sequences.</p><p>From isolate 3129 J (28 S – KM 272364, ITS – KM 272365).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Remisporiopsis stellatus is found generally in temperate waters on a variety of timber species with Schmidt (1974 a) and Koch and Jones (1983) reporting many collections in the Baltic Sea.</p><p>Substrates.</p><p>intertidal and driftwood, test panels Abies sp., Pinus sylvestris, submerged cones of Pseudotsuga sp.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Canada, Denmark, Germany, Sweden, UK (England), USA</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E94D2A328C0057BDB012A60ADD2F2F62	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
B33BB71D1F5C52C18920E0E80017EB47.text	B33BB71D1F5C52C18920E0E80017EB47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Remisporiopsis submersa (M. Goncalves, A. Abreu & A. Alves) K. L. Pang, E. B. G. Jones, E. Azevedo & M. F. Caeiro 2026	<div><p>Remisporiopsis submersa (M. Gonçalves, A. Abreu &amp; A. Alves) K. L. Pang, E. B. G. Jones, E. Azevedo &amp; M. F. Caeiro comb. nov.</p><p>Fig. 37</p><p>Remispora submersa M. Gonç., A. Abreu &amp; A. Alves, Mycologia 113: 4 (2021). Synonym.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Gonçalves et al. (2021) introduced Remisporiopsis submersa based on a sequence derived from fungal mycelium, with an asexual morph with hyaline, aseptate conidia. On request the culture was re-sequenced, grouping in the Sarocladium clade and the species S. kiliense with high statistical support (Calabon et al. 2023). In this study, a collection of a Remispora species was sequenced which matched that of Remispora submersa . Herbarium material of this isolate enabled illustration of the sexual morph of Remisporiopsis submersa for the first time (Fig. 37). Ascospores of Re. submersa has a crown of polar appendages similar to that of Re. quadri-remis and producing chlamydospores in culture.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B33BB71D1F5C52C18920E0E80017EB47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
D37C3F1F2F625672A5BC8994DF0C886E.text	D37C3F1F2F625672A5BC8994DF0C886E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saagaromyces abonnis (Kohlm.) K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Saagaromyces abonnis (Kohlm.) K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycol. Progr. 2 (1): 35 (2003)</p><p>Halosarpheia abonnis Kohlm., Mar. Ecol. 5 (4): 339 (1984). Basionym.</p><p>Littispora abonnis (Kohlm.) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 549 (2003). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 640–950 µm high, 340–953 µm diam., ellipsoidal, light-brown, coriaceous, immersed, ostiolate, papillate. Necks 280–530 µm long, 80–180 µm diam., periphysate. Peridium 30–50 µm thick, two-layered, composed of an outer layer of small, subglobose cells forming a textura angularis, an inner layer of large, elongate and flattened cells. Catenophyses present. Asci 225–295 × 40–65 µm, thin-walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate, persistent, thickened at the apex, pedicellate. Ascospores 45–55 × 20–25 µm, hyaline, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at the septum, appendaged. Appendages bipolar, thick, hamate extending to the mid-septum, unfurling into fine threads in water. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>India, • Puducherry, Veerampattinam mangroves (11.5°N, 79.5°E), on decaying wood of Avicennia marina ( Acanthaceae), 8 October 2017, B. Devadatha (AMH- 10011).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species was initially described as a Halosarpheia species, but the large ascospores, prominent bipolar appendages and a long ascus stalk distinguish it from species in that genus. Molecular data confirm that it is not monophyletic with Halosarpheia, and a new genus Saagaromyces was proposed.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Belize, Bermuda, Hawaii (USA), Mexico.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D37C3F1F2F625672A5BC8994DF0C886E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
6AD670C76B535733998D35FFAE8B6176.text	6AD670C76B535733998D35FFAE8B6176.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saagaromyces glitra (J. L. Crane & Shearer) K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Saagaromyces glitra (J. L. Crane &amp; Shearer) K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycol. Progr. 2 (1): 35 (2003)</p><p>Fig. 39</p><p>Naïs glitra J. L. Crane &amp; Shearer, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 86 (3): 509 (1986). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 470–1000 µm high, 250–450 µm diam., globose to subglobose, cream-colored becoming black with age, membranous, immersed, ostiolate. Necks 150–450 µm long, 100–200 µm diam., dark brown at base becoming light brown to subhyaline at apex, periphysate. Peridium 30–70 µm diam. two-layered, with an outer layer of cells of textura angularis and an inner layer of elongate cells with large lumina. Catenophyses present. Asci 175–230 × 15–60 µm, thin-walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate to ellipsoid, deliquescing at maturity, with an apical pore, long pedicellate. Ascospores 25–42 × 18–25 µm, hyaline, oblong to obovate, walls up to 0.1 µm thick, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at the septum, with granular deposits, one large globule in each cell, apical cell may be either equal in length and width or longer (1.0–15.6 µm) and broader (1.0–6.9 µm) than the basal cell, not appendaged.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>India, • Tamil Nadu, Tiruvarur, Muthupet mangroves (10.4°N, 79.5°E), on decaying wood of Avicennia marina ( Acanthaceae), 15 August 2015, B. Devadatha (AMH- 10003).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Saagaromyces glitra was first introduced as Naïs based on its characteristic small oil globules around the middle septum of the ascospores (Crane and Shearer 1986). Molecular phylogeny results suggested that it clustered together with Halosarpheia abonnis (≡ S. abonnis) and H. ratnagiriensis (≡ S. ratnagiriensis), therefore it was transferred to Saagaromyces (Pang et al. 2003 b). Saagaromyces glitra resembles Naïs inornata in having hyaline, 1 - septate ascospores with small oil globules along the septum. However, the former is distinguishable from the latter in possessing relatively larger cylindrical-clavate asci with a long pedicel and an apical pore and highly guttulated ascospores with one large globule in each cell. While the other Saagaromyces species differs from S. glitra in having bipolar appendages and lack large globules which suggests that unfurling ascospore appendages are not vital in the delineation of genera in the Halosphaeriaceae .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Andaman Islands, Australia, Brunei, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, Thailand, USA.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6AD670C76B535733998D35FFAE8B6176	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
EA1C3D79DFE8590584F8862C35A8121F.text	EA1C3D79DFE8590584F8862C35A8121F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saagaromyces K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Saagaromyces K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycol. Progr. 2 (1): 35 (2003)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose, subglobose to ellipsoidal, immersed, ostiolate, papillate, membranous to coriaceous, hyaline, cream-colored, brown to black. Necks periphysate. Catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, cylindrical-clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, persistent. Ascospores oval, hyaline, heavily guttulated, with or without unfurling appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Saagaromyces ratnagiriensis (S. D. Patil &amp; Borse) K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycol. Progr. 2 (1): 35 (2003).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Several new collections have been made of Saagaromyces species and details are presented herein. Currently, three Saagaromyces species are accepted (Jones et al. 2019). They are saprobic on decaying mangrove wood.</p><p>This genus is easily distinguishable from the other genera in Halosphaeriaceae in having 1 - septate, broadly ellipsoidal ascospores with a heavy guttulation pattern and large hamate polar appendages that are equal to or longer than half of the ascospore length and width (Pang et al. 2003 a).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>All species of Saagaromyces formed a strong monophyletic group, sistering, without support, with Praelongicaulis and Alisea (Fig. 4). Divergence-time analysis places the crown of Saagaromyces in the Oligocene (~ 29 MYA, 95 % CI: 7.4–117.3 MYA), indicating it is a relatively young genus within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EA1C3D79DFE8590584F8862C35A8121F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
3257A41FD073526A86B8C2E3B6A2AF3B.text	3257A41FD073526A86B8C2E3B6A2AF3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saagaromyces ratnagiriensis (S. D. Patil & Borse) K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Saagaromyces ratnagiriensis (S. D. Patil &amp; Borse) K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Mycol. Progr. 2 (1): 35 (2003)</p><p>Fig. 38</p><p>Halosarpheia ratnagiriensis S. D. Patil &amp; Borse, Indian Botanical Reporter: 102 (1982). Basionym.</p><p>Littispora ratnagiriensis (S. D. Patil &amp; Borse) J. Campb., J. L. Anderson &amp; Shearer, Mycologia 95 (3): 549 (2003). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 350–600 µm high, 170–560 diam., globose, sub-globose to ellipsoidal, membranous, immersed, hyaline, ostiolate. Necks 350–900 µm long, 100–175 µm diam., cylindrical, emerging with whitish, fizzy tips over the wood surface, centrally or laterally inserted; ostiolar canal periphysate. Peridium 20–50 µm diam., with 2–4 layers of textura angularis. Catenophyses present. Asci 155–230 × 40–65 µm, thin-walled, thicker below the apex, unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate to ellipsoid, long-pedicellate. Ascospores 50–65 × 17–25 µm, hyaline, oblong to obovate, walls up to 0.1 µm thick, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at the septum, with granular deposits and apical to subapical appendages. Appendages cap-like, stiff and homogenous, one attached at each apex and run partially along the side of the spore, 20–40 µm long, 5–15 µm wide, at maturity becoming soft and scoop-like, eventually transforming into a coil of delicate fibers that uncoil and form sticky filaments, but remain attached to the ascospore apices with their thick bases. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>India, • Puducherry, Thengaithittu mangroves (11.5°N, 79.5°E), on decaying wood of Rhizophora mucronata ( Rhizophoraceae), 20 January 2017, B. Devadatha (AMH- 10010).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The present collection of Saagaromyces ratnagiriensis, from Pondicherry mangroves, shares similar morphological characteristics with the type material reported by Patil and Borse (1982). Campbell et al. (2003) proposed the name Littispora ratnagiriensis, but was invalid as the generic name Saagaromyces had been proposed earlier by Pang et al. (2003 a) and had priority. A widely collected species in the tropics on a wide range of substrates.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Andaman Islands, Australia, Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, Brunei, China. Egypt, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia. Mauritius, Mexico, Seychelles, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, USA.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3257A41FD073526A86B8C2E3B6A2AF3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
E8949C18DAF45181B0A4CCF2A81C311A.text	E8949C18DAF45181B0A4CCF2A81C311A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sablicola chinensis E. B. G. Jones, K. L. Pang & Vrijmoed	<div><p>Sablicola chinensis E. B. G. Jones, K. L. Pang &amp; Vrijmoed, Canad. J. Bot. 82 (4): 486 (2004)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 100 – (176) – 288 × 100 – (132) – 160 µm, solitary, hyaline, yellow to brown, ellipsoidal to subglobose, immersed or partly immersed, and coriaceous. Peridium 14 – (24) – 40 µm of textura angularis. Necks 32 – (38) – 52 × 24 – (36) – 48 µm. Catenophyses absent. Asci 70 × 29 µm, clavate, pedunculate, thin-walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored and deliquescing or persistent, developing at the base of the ascoma venter. Ascospores 18 – (20) – 24 × 10 – (12) – 14 µm, ellipsoidal, hyaline, thin-walled, 1 - septate, with one appendage at each pole and four at the equatorial position, of equal dimension. Appendages 13 – (17) – 22 × 3 – (4) – 6 µm, flattened, attenuate and strap-like with parallel striations, later splitting into fine threads. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Sablicola chinensis is saprobic on wood (Pang et al. 2004 b).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>China, Norway, Singapore.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E8949C18DAF45181B0A4CCF2A81C311A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
6B65773126F056D7A15E94ECAA8D6844.text	6B65773126F056D7A15E94ECAA8D6844.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sablicola E. B. G. Jones, K. L. Pang & Vrijmoed	<div><p>Sablicola E. B. G. Jones, K. L. Pang &amp; Vrijmoed, Canad. J. Bot. 82 (4): 486 (2004)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata light-colored, coriaceous. Catenophyses absent. Asci clavate, thin-walled, unitunicate, 8 - spored, deliquescing, developing at the base of ascoma venter. Ascospores ellipsoidal, thin-walled, with one appendage at each pole and four equatorial appendages of equal dimension. Appendages flattened, attenuate and strap-like with parallel striations, later splitting into fine threads. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Sablicola chinensis E. B. G. Jones, K. L. Pang &amp; Vrijmoed, Canad. J. Bot. 82 (4): 486 (2004).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Sablicola ( S. chinensis) possesses hyaline, membranous ascomata, early deliquescing asci and ascospores with polar and equatorial appendages, characteristics of the Halosphaeriaceae (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979). The obclavate and striated ascospore appendages of S. chinensis which taper to a fine point and become fibrillary in seawater are unique in the family, and so a new genus was proposed for this species (Pang et al. 2004 b).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Sablicola chinensis formed an unsupported relationship with Remispora spp. (Sakayaroj et al. 2011). In this study (Fig. 4), this species constituted a branch with no close relatives. Further collections with a wider range of genes are required to confirm its taxonomic position. Divergence-time analysis places the Sablicola lineage in the Paleogene – Neogene interval (~ 30 MYA, 95 % CI: 19.7–44.7 MYA) (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6B65773126F056D7A15E94ECAA8D6844	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
A5475A0C2BA755D989EE676991F7F52D.text	A5475A0C2BA755D989EE676991F7F52D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Safagamyces Bakhit & Abdel-Wahab	<div><p>Safagamyces Bakhit &amp; Abdel-Wahab, Phytotaxa 568 (2): 223 (2022)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying stems of Phragmites australis in marine mangrove. Asexual morph. Hyphae septate, rarely branched, superficial and immersed, hyaline to light-brown, smooth. Conidiophores micronematous, simple, cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, present or obsolete. Conidiogenesis holoblastic with sympodial conidial proliferation. Conidia straight or slightly curved, branched, smooth, variable in shape, septate, strongly constricted at the septa, cells increase in size and pigmentation from the base to the apex; apical cells globose to subglobose, brown to dark-brown, thick walled, smooth; basal cells, cylindrical to clavate, hyaline. Sexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Safagamyces marinus Bakhit &amp; Abdel-Wahab, Phytotaxa 568 (2): 225 (2022).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Several marine fungi have conidia varying from helicoid to those composed of a mass of cells when mature, that are somewhat similar to Safagamyces, e. g. Cirrenalia, Cucurbitinus, Cumulospora, Juncigena, Moleospora and Moromyces . Phylogenetic analysis placed Cumulospora, Moleospora and Moromyces in Lulworthiales and Juncigena in Torpedosporales (Abdel-Wahab et al. 2010; Maharachchikumbura et al. 2015; Hyde et al. 2020 b). Phylogenetic analyses placed Safagamyces marinus in Halosphaeriaceae and formed a basal branch to a node that contains Pseudolignincola in a well-supported clade. Morphologically, Safagamyces shares common characteristics with Cirrenalia and Cucurbitinus in having conidial cells constricted at the septa and increasing in size and pigmentation from the base to the apex (Meyers and Moore 1960; Liu et al. 2020). However, Safagamyces differs from the other two genera by having branched conidia with sympodial conidial proliferation. Pseudolignincola differs from Safagamyces in having unicellular, dark-brown conidia and its teleomorphic stage has clavate asci with truncate, thickened apex, a pore and plasmalemma retraction and cylindrical ascospores without appendages (Jones et al. 2006).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Phylogenetic analysis of the combined 18 S and 28 S rDNA sequences dataset indicated that S. marinus forms a distinct branch basal to a node that contains the three genera: Cirrenalia, Cucurbitinus and Pseudolignincola in the family Halosphaeriaceae (Bakhit and Abdel-Wahab 2022). In this study, Safagamyces marinus formed a sister clade to Pseudolignincola siamensis (Fig. 4), suggestive of closely related (congeneric?) species but not in accordance with the morphological data. Divergence-time analysis places the Safagamyces – Pseudolignincola split in the Early Cretaceous (~ 125 MYA, 95 % CI: 28.9–501.5 MYA), highlighting a long evolutionary separation (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A5475A0C2BA755D989EE676991F7F52D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
7B8BAB336C0A5306B68286B976126A40.text	7B8BAB336C0A5306B68286B976126A40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Safagamyces marinus Bakhit & Abdel-Wahab	<div><p>Safagamyces marinus Bakhit &amp; Abdel-Wahab, Phytotaxa 568 (2): 225 (2022)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying stems of Phragmites australis . Asexual morph. Hyphae 2–3 μm diam., septate, rarely branched, smooth, hyaline to light-brown, superficial and immersed. Conidiophores 8–15 μm long, 3–4.5 μm in diam., 0 - to 1 - septate, micronematous, simple, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, present or obsolete. Conidiogenesis holoblastic with sympodial conidial proliferation. Conidia 16–30 μm long, 10–29 μm wide, straight or slightly curved, branched, smooth, variable in shape, 2–6 septate, strongly constricted at the septa, cells increase in size and pigmentation from the base to the apex; apical cells globose to subglobose, 8–11.5 μm wide, brown to dark-brown, thick-walled, smooth; basal cells 3–6.5 μm long × 2.5–5.5 μm wide, cylindrical to clavate, hyaline. Sexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Safagamyces marinus differs from Remisporiopsis macrocephala by having straight or slightly curved, branched conidia that are brown in color with sympodial conidial proliferation. Conidia in R. macrocephala are helicoid, reddish fuscous with determinate conidiogenesis cells (Meyers and Moore 1960; Zhao et al. 2007). Safagamyces marinus and the two Cucurbitinus species have straight or slightly curved conidia with constricted septa, however, S. marinus was phylogenetically distant from Cucurbitinus and has different conidial morphology. Cucurbitinus constrictus has much longer conidia than S. marinus and larger apical cells. Conidia in S. marinus are branched and brown in color, while conidia in C. constrictus are unbranched and reddish-brown in color (Schmidt 1985; Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1991 a; Liu et al. 2020). Cucurbitinus ibericus has unbranched conidia that are larger than those of S. marinus .</p><p>Safagamyces marinus is saprobic on decaying stems of Phragmites australis, Safaga mangrove, Red Sea (Bakhit and Abdel-Wahab 2022).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Egypt, • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.114998&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.399445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.114998/lat 26.399445)">Safaga</a>, Red Sea (26°23'58"N, 34°06'54"E), decaying stems of Phragmites australis inside mangrove site, 3 November 2020, Coll. M. A. Abdel-Wahab, holotype (SUMCC H-20001, holotype) .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Red Sea Egypt.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B8BAB336C0A5306B68286B976126A40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
ECC8C143BB8B5A89AD3EF9A5FDCD2628.text	ECC8C143BB8B5A89AD3EF9A5FDCD2628.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sheareromyces Abdel-Wahab, Maharachch. & E. B. G. Jones 2026	<div><p>Sheareromyces Abdel-Wahab, Maharachch. &amp; E. B. G. Jones gen. nov.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>In honor of marine mycologist Carol Shearer and dominative ella.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying, submerged twigs in freshwater habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata superficial or immersed, globose or subglobose, scattered, hyaline or greyish, membranous. Necks cylindrical to conical, hyaline, periphysate. Peridium composed of several layers of hyaline walled cells of textura globulosa. Catenophyses sparse, hyaline, septate, consisting of elongated cells, slightly constricted at the septa. Asci 8 - spored, thin-walled, clavate, becoming balloon-shaped or swollen, flattened at apex, tapering to a pointed pedicel, unitunicate, wall thickened at the apex, subapical cytoplasm retracted, mostly persistent, with a J-, apical thickening, which has an apical pore. Ascospores 1 - euseptate, slightly constricted at the septa, thin-walled, hyaline, smooth-walled, ellipsoidal, 2–3 - seriate, guttulate, sometimes with indistinct appendages at both ends. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Sheareromyces aquibella (J. Yang &amp; K. D. Hyde) Abdel-Wahab, Maharachch. &amp; E. B. G. Jones .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ECC8C143BB8B5A89AD3EF9A5FDCD2628	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
4CD85CBA445951A9ABED443F9A578080.text	4CD85CBA445951A9ABED443F9A578080.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sheareromyces aquibella (J. Yang & K. D. Hyde) Abdel-Wahab, Maharachch. & E. B. G. Jones 2026	<div><p>Sheareromyces aquibella (J. Yang &amp; K. D. Hyde) Abdel-Wahab, Maharachch. &amp; E. B. G. Jones comb. nov.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>From the Latin aqua = water, bellus = lovely, referring to the freshwater habitat.</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>MFLU 15–1140.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying, submerged twigs in freshwater habitats. Sexual morph. Ascomata 130–160 × 150–200 μm, superficial or immersed, globose or subglobose, scattered, hyaline or greyish, membranous. Necks 80–110 × 40–60 μm, cylindrical to conical, hyaline, with periphyses. Peridium 7–15 μm thick, composing several layers of hyaline-walled cells of textura globulosa. Catenophyses sparse, hyaline, septate, consisting of elongated cells, slightly constricted at the septa. Asci 60–110 × 25–45 μm, 8 - spored, thin-walled, clavate, becoming balloon-shaped or swollen, flattened at apex, tapering to a pointed pedicel, unitunicate, wall thickened at the apex, subapical cytoplasm retracted, mostly persistent, with a J-, apical thickening, which has an apical pore. Ascospores 25–30 × 7–10 μm, 1 - euseptate, slightly constricted at the septa, thin-walled, hyaline, smooth-walled, ellipsoidal, 2–3 - seriate, guttulate, sometimes with indistinct appendages at both ends. Asexual morph. Undetermined. Description based on Yang and Hyde, in Li et al. (2016).</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Ascospores germinating on PDA within 24 h and germ tubes produced from both polar cells. Colony on MEA slow-growing, reaching 5–10 mm diam. at 14 days, dark brown in the middle, conspicuous paler and sparser at edge, with dense white mycelium on the surface in the middle of the colony; in reverse with a dark brown middle and olive-green smooth margin. Mycelium immersed and superficial in the media, composed of branched, septate, smooth-walled, hyaline aerial hyphae and dark brown hyphae near or within the media.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>On submerged wood in freshwater, Thailand.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Thailand, • Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Hua Hin, Kaeng Krachan, near Pala-U Waterfall, stream outside national park, on submerged wood, 25 December 2014, Jaap van strien (MFLU 15–1140, holotype), ex-type living culture, MFLUCC 15–0605, GZCC 15–0055 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The genus Aniptodera was established by Shearer and Miller (1977) with A. chesapeakensis as the type species, with hyaline or light colored ascomata, catenophyses, apically thickened persistent asci with a distinct pore and subapical retraction of cytoplasm, and hyaline, thick-walled, 1 - septate ascospores with or without appendages (Shearer and Miller 1977; Raja and Shearer 2008). Sheareromyces aquibella differs from Aniptodera chesapeakensis as follows: peridium consists of textura globulosa cells, asci are clavate to balloon-shaped while the ascospores are thin-walled and with bipolar appendages. In Luo et al. (2019) and Bao et al. (2023), the species A. aquibella formed a sister clade to A. chesapeakensis, although this relationship was supported by only weak statistical support. Furthermore, in the current study, A. aquibella does not cluster within the Aniptodera clade, a finding consistent with Li et al. (2016). Sheareromyces aquibella is known only from freshwater habitats, while A. chesapeakensis has been reported from marine and freshwater habitats. Consequently, a new genus is introduced for A. aquibella .</p><p>The genus Aniptodera is characterised by thick- and thin-walled ascomata and species with both appendaged and non-appendaged ascospores, which has led to confusion in the delineation of the species (Volkmann-Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1994). Sakayaroj et al. (2011) and Jones et al. (2017) demonstrated that the genus is polyphyletic, resulting in the transfer of many Aniptodera species to new genera: Aniptosporopsis and Paraaniptodera (Jones et al. 2017), and Pangia and Shiiraspora in this monograph. Other Aniptodera species lack sequence data and need recollection, isolation, and sequencing to resolve their position in the genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4CD85CBA445951A9ABED443F9A578080	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
BD03A0EB8B7752F8B3E10E98F953D8B0.text	BD03A0EB8B7752F8B3E10E98F953D8B0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Shiiraspora (Nakagiri & Tad. Ito) P. Corriea, Abdel-Wahab & E. B. G. Jones 2026	<div><p>Shiiraspora (Nakagiri &amp; Tad. Ito) P. Corriea, Abdel-Wahab &amp; E. B. G. Jones gen. nov.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Named after the Shiira River where the fungus was collected.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata ellipsoidal to flattened, horizontal, black upper side, hyaline bottom, solitary, immersed, ostiolate, papillate. Necks lateral, bending upward, cylindrical, hyaline to black in color, periphysate. Peridium membranous, composed in the upper region of black elongate cells, interspersed among host cells; in the lower region of hyaline flat cells. Catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, cylindrical to clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, persistent, apex truncate with an apical thickening (ring) with a pore, with cytoplasmic retraction in the subapical region. Asci develop in a hymenium at the base of the ascocarp and are easily detached from the base and released into the ascocarp venter. Ascospores ellipsoidal to fusiform, hyaline, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, with apical appendages. Appendages attached apically at both ends, initially stiff, unfurling in seawater into a membranous structure. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Shiiraspora salsuginosa (Nakagiri &amp; Tad. Ito) P. Corriea, Abdel-Wahab &amp; E. B. G. Jones .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Multi-gene phylogeny of Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 4) in this study placed Aniptodera salsuginosa in a weakly supported clade with Antennospora quadricornuta and Arenariomyces spp. that is phylogenetically distant from the type species Aniptodera chesapeakensis . As a result, we erected the new genus Shiiraspora to accommodate the taxon.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>The multi-gene phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4) revealed that S. salsuginosa formed a separate branch from Antennospora and Arenariomyces . Divergence-time analysis indicates that Shiiraspora originated in the Early Cretaceous (~ 128 MYA, 95 % CI: 37.7–437.3 MYA), supporting its recognition as an independent genus within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD03A0EB8B7752F8B3E10E98F953D8B0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
5A02072678E6538099173F34021A0B05.text	5A02072678E6538099173F34021A0B05.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Shiiraspora salsuginosa (Nakagiri & Tad. Ito) P. Correia, Abdel-Wahab & E. B. G. Jones 2026	<div><p>Shiiraspora salsuginosa (Nakagiri &amp; Tad. Ito) P. Correia, Abdel-Wahab &amp; E. B. G. Jones comb. nov.</p><p>Aniptodera salsuginosa Nakagiri &amp; Tad. Ito, Mycol. Res. 98: 931 (1994). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 240–280 µm diam., 92–112 µm high, ellipsoidal to flattened, horizontal, black upper side, hyaline bottom, solitary, immersed just below the epidermis of bark, ostiolate, papillate. Necks lateral, bending upward, 380–680 µm long, 35–48 µm diam., cylindrical, hyaline to subhyaline in the upper region, black in the lower region, periphysate. Peridium 6–10 µm thick, membranous, composed in the upper region of black elongate cells, interspersed among host cells; in the lower region of hyaline flat cells. Catenophyses present. Asci 76–90 × 12–14 µm, 8 - spored, cylindrical to clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thin-walled, persistent, apex truncate with an apical thickening (ring) with a pore, with cytoplasmic retraction in the subapical region. Asci develop in a hymenium at the base of the ascocarp and are easily detached from the base and released into the ascocarp venter. Ascospores 12 – ¬ 23 × 4–7 µm, ellipsoidal to fusiform, hyaline, 1 - septate, not constricted at the septum, with apical appendages. Appendages attached apically at both ends, initially stiff, 9–14 µm long, unfurling in seawater into a membranous structure. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Japan, • Iriomote Island, Shiira River, decomposing wood of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, 26 Nov. 1991, A. Nakagiri (IFO H-12161, holotype) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Shiiraspora salsuginosa differs from A. chesapeakensis by having black ascomata with horizontal axis, persistent asci with a ring and pore and thin-walled ascospores with polar appendage that unfurl in water to form membranous structure. Aniptodera chesapeakensis has hyaline, membranous ascomata, early deliquescing asci and thick-walled ascospores with or without bipolar appendages that unfurl in water to form thin, long filaments (Shearer and Miller 1977; Shearer and Crane 1980; Shearer 1989; Nakagiri and Ito 1994).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A02072678E6538099173F34021A0B05	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
CE628E6193AC57B2817047E5F8E3C592.text	CE628E6193AC57B2817047E5F8E3C592.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thalassogena Kohlm. & Volkm. - Kohlm. 1987	<div><p>Thalassogena Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Syst. Ascomycetum 6: 223 (1987)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose, immersed to superficial, ostiolate, periphysate, papillate, cream-colored, single. Peridium thin, forming a textura angularis. Catenophyses developing from the thin-walled pseudoparenchyma. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate with an apical pore, non-amyloid, thin-walled, unitunicate, persistent, maturing successively on an ascogenous tissue at the bottom of the locule. Ascospores subglobose, one-celled, hyaline, without sheaths or appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Thalassogena sphaerica Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Syst. Ascomycetum 6: 225 (1987).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Thalassogena is a monotypic marine genus described from plant remains at 3 m depth in Belize (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1987 a) and it was recorded from mangrove wood at low tide levels in Hong Kong and Taiwan (Hyde 1990 d; Tsui and Hyde 2004; Pang and Jheng 2012 a). Thalassogena unicellularis was also reported from mangrove (Abdel-Wahab and Nagahama 2011).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Molecular data is not available for Thalassogena sphaerica and further collections are required to ensure the phylogenetic position of this genus within Halosphaeriaceae . Thalassogena unicellularis formed a strong monophyletic group with Moana, Gesasha and Neogesasha (Fig. 4).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE628E6193AC57B2817047E5F8E3C592	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
551F5B2AD94F59B6966F0366FDD5F606.text	551F5B2AD94F59B6966F0366FDD5F606.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thalassogena sphaerica Kohlm. & Volkm. - Kohlm.	<div><p>Thalassogena sphaerica Kohlm. &amp; Volkm. - Kohlm., Syst. Ascomycetum 6: 225 (1987)</p><p>Fig. 40</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 150–260 µm diam., subglobose, immersed to superficial, ostiolate, periphysate, papillate, coriaceous, cream-colored, single, surrounded by brown hyphae. Necks 230–570 µm long, 50–85 µm wide, ostiolar canal filled with periphyses. Peridium 10–16 µm thick, composed of 4–5 layers of polygonal cells, forming a textura angularis, merging with the thin-walled pseudoparenchyma cells. Catenophyses 3–11 µm diam., developing from the pseudoparenchyma that originally fills the central cavity. Asci 72–89 × 22–27 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculated, flattened at the apex and with a pore, thin-walled, unitunicate, persistent, maturing successively on an ascogenous tissue at the bottom of the locule. Ascospores 12.5–16.5 µm, subglobose, rarely ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, hyaline, without sheaths or appendages, with one large lipid globule surrounded by numerous small non-lipoid droplets. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Belize, • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.083336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.8" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.083336/lat 16.8)">Carrie Bow Cay</a>, on submerged tree, riddled by shipworms, in 3 m depth, on the sediment among a patch reef (16°48'N, 88°05'W), 25 May 1987, incubated in moist chamber for 4 months, J. Kohlmeyer (J. K. 5044 a IMS, holotype) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Several taxa in the Halosphaeriaceae are characterized by unicellular ascospores, such as Anisostagma rotundatum, Moana turbinulata, Halosarpheia unicellularis, Iwilsoniella rotunda and Gesasha unicellularis . Three taxa which have no appendages or sheaths to the ascospores, namely A. rotundatum, I. rotunda and G. unicellularis . No molecular data is available for A. rotundatum and I. rotunda . This species is worldwide in distribution, but largely from the tropics on dead mangrove wood.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Belize, Brunei, Denmark, Hong Kong, Mauritius, Philippines, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/551F5B2AD94F59B6966F0366FDD5F606	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
875C3BBF77C3501A9A6ECD0D07385A2E.text	875C3BBF77C3501A9A6ECD0D07385A2E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thalassogena unicellularis (Abdel-Wahab 2026) Abdel-Wahab & Nagahama	<div><p>Thalassogena unicellularis (Abdel-Wahab &amp; Nagahama) Abdel-Wahab comb. nov.</p><p>Fig. 41</p><p>Gesasha unicellularis Abdel-Wahab &amp; Nagah., Nova Hedwigia 92 (3–4): 505 (2011). Basionym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 300–340 μm diam., subglobose, light-brown to brown, coriaceous, immersed or erumpent, solitary, ostiolate with a long hyaline neck. Necks 200–400 × 50–60 μm, with wide base and pointed tip, hyaline, periphysate. Periphyses up to 10 μm long and 0.5 μm wide. Peridium 30–45 μm wide, consisting of 6–12 layers of elongated, thick-walled cells, forming textura angularis, cells are hyaline except the first two outside layers which are brown in color. Catenophyses present. Asci 36–54 × 10–12 μm, unitunicate, clavate, with apical depression, apical thickening and ring, apically truncate with cytoplasmic retraction, persistent, with eight overlapping biseriate ascospores. Ascospores 8–11 × 5–7 μm, unicellular, subglobose, ellipsoidal or oval, without appendages, hyaline becoming light brown with age. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Japan, • Okinawa, Higashi-son, Gesashi mangroves, on decayed wood in the intertidal zone, July 2008, coll. M. A. Abdel-Wahab (holotype, IMI 397959) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Our multigene phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4) placed Thalassogena unicellularis (= Gesasha unicellularis), and Moana turbinulata, in a monophyletic clade with high support bootstrap (100 / 98 / 1). However, Th. unicellularis cannot be placed in Moana because they have significant morphological differences. Moana turbinulata has asci without apical apparatus or a pore and ascospores with a single, top-shaped appendage which unfurls in water to produce a long ribbon, while Th. unicellularis has persistent asci with apical apparatus and ascospores without appendages (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1989; Abdel-Wahab and Nagahama 2011). As Gesasha unicellularis did not group with the type species Gesasha peditatus but has morphological characteristics that encompass Thalassogena we assign it to that genus. Thalassogena unicellularis differs from Th. sphaerica by having light-brown to brown ascomata, smaller asci (36–54 × 10–12 vs. 72–89 × 22–27 μm for Th. unicellularis and Th. sphaerica, respectively) and smaller ascospores (8–11 × 5–7 vs. 13–17 μm diam. for Th. unicellularis and Th. sphaerica, respectively) (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1987 a; Abdel-Wahab and Nagahama 2011).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/875C3BBF77C3501A9A6ECD0D07385A2E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
DDCC1C721A255F0FB5A0D79B3895A1DE.text	DDCC1C721A255F0FB5A0D79B3895A1DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thalespora appendiculata Chatmala & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Thalespora appendiculata Chatmala &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Nova Hedwigia 83 (1–2): 229 (2006)</p><p>Fig. 42</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on driftwood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 133–193 µm high, 70–165 µm diam., ellipsoidal, immersed in wood, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, thin-walled, light brown and solitary. Peridium composed of 2–3 layers of thin-walled, light brown cells, with mature ascospores visible through the wall. Necks up to 290 µm long, 19–39 µm diam., cylindrical, slightly inflated at the tip, eccentric, extending above the wood surface. Paraphyses absent. Asci 102 × 22 µm, 8 - spored, ellipsoidal, unitunicate, thin-walled, deliquescing early before the ascospores mature, originating from the base of the ascoma and releasing the spores into the venter. Ascospores 65–110 × 6.5–8.5 µm, hyaline, elongate-fusiform, rounded at the upper pole, tapering toward the base, straight to slightly curved, 1 - septate below the center of the spore, not or slightly constricted at the septum, with 2–4 (- 5) radial appendages. Appendages develop from the upper cell of the ascospores after release from the asci and when mounted in seawater. Appendages 40–65 µm long (adapted from Jones et al. 2006). Asexual morph. Undetermined</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species is saprobic, occurring on driftwood.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Thailand.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DDCC1C721A255F0FB5A0D79B3895A1DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
A5357BFDDDCE5F57B2F94C4C0F2E9E31.text	A5357BFDDDCE5F57B2F94C4C0F2E9E31.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thalespora Chatmala & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Thalespora Chatmala &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Nova Hedwigia 83 (1–2): 228 (2006)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on driftwood. Sexual morph. Ascomata ellipsoidal, immersed in wood, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, light brown and solitary. Peridium is thin-walled with light brown cells. Necks cylindrical, slightly inflated at the tip, eccentric, extending above the wood surface. Paraphyses absent. Asci 8 - spored, ellipsoidal, unitunicate, thin-walled, deliquescing before ascospores mature. Ascospores hyaline, elongate-fusiform, rounded at the upper pole, tapering toward the base, straight or curved, 1 - septate, not or slightly constricted at the septum, appendaged (adapted from Jones et al. 2006). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Thalespora appendiculata Chatmala &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Nova Hedwigia 83 (1–2): 229 (2006).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Thalespora shares similarities with Bathyascus, both genera with spathulate, hyaline, unicellular, or 1 - septate ascospores that are longer than 100 µm, however, Bathyascus species lack apical ascospore appendages. No sequences are available of Bathyascus species so their phylogenetic affinities cannot be determined.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Jones et al. (2006) showed that Th. appendiculata grouped with isolates of Okeanomyces cucullatus and its anamorph Periconia prolifica in a well-supported clade with a sister clade comprising the genera Aniptodera, Ascosacculus and Nais . This was confirmed in a phylogenetic study by Jones et al. (2017) of selected genera in the Halosphaeriaceae, in which Th. appendiculata grouped in a clade comprising O. cucullatus, Aniptodera chesapeakensis, and Ascosacculus aquaticus and in a sister clade with Aniptosporopsis lignatilis . These taxa showed few morphological features in common as Th. appendiculata has appendages at one end of the ascospores.</p><p>Thalespora appendiculata (IT 200) formed a sister clade to the Okeanomyces clade (Fig. 4). Divergence-time estimates place the split between Thalespora and Okeanomyces in the Paleogene – Neogene interval (~ 10 MYA, 95 % CI: 7.5–92.6 MYA. With only one isolate of Th. appendiculata that has molecular sequence data available for the 28 S and 18 S rDNA loci, further collections and sequencing of a wider range of genes are required to confirm its position in the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A5357BFDDDCE5F57B2F94C4C0F2E9E31	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
06F6AE21979A545E92DC1987D696BC26.text	06F6AE21979A545E92DC1987D696BC26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tinhaudeus formosanus K. L. Pang, S. Y. Guo & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Tinhaudeus formosanus K. L. Pang, S. Y. Guo &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 75: 164 (2015)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on intertidal, decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 211 – (295) – 442 × 114 – (180) – 263 µm, light- to dark-colored when mature, globose to subglobose, solitary or gregarious, immersed, coriaceous, ostiolate. Necks 104 – (141) – 174 µm long, 38 – (64) – 80 µm diam., periphysate. Peridium 7 – (15) – 31 µm, composed of one layer of elongate cells with a large lumina of textura angularis. Catenophyses present, persistent. Asci 133 – (159) – 181 × 32 – (39) – 49 µm, clavate, unitunicate, 8 - spored, thin-walled, persistent, with a long stalk, developing from inner wall of ascoma base, with a slightly thickened apex, plasmalemma retracted. Ascospores 26 – (33) – 38 × 10 – (12) – 14 µm, ellipsoidal, hyaline, 1 - septate, not or slightly constricted at the septum. Appendages bipolar, initially adpressed to the ascospore wall and extended over the mid-septum, unraveling immediately in sea water to form a long thin filament. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species is saprobic on intertidal, decaying mangrove wood.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/06F6AE21979A545E92DC1987D696BC26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
C34AD6739D1C5C2F87D56709A76BB839.text	C34AD6739D1C5C2F87D56709A76BB839.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tinhaudeus K. L. Pang, S. Y. Guo & E. B. G. Jones 2015	<div><p>Tinhaudeus K. L. Pang, S. Y. Guo &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 75: 160 (2015)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on intertidal, decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose to subglobose, immersed, ostiolate, with long necks, coriaceous, light- to dark-colored. Necks periphysate. Peridium one-layered, composed of elongate cells with large lumina of textura angularis. Catenophyses present, persistent. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, with a long stalk, unitunicate, thin-walled, slightly thickened at the apex, persistent, developing at the base of the ascoma venter on a convex cushion of ascogenous cells. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, not or slightly constricted at the septum, hyaline. Appendages bipolar, initially adpressed to the ascospore wall and extended over the mid-septum, unraveling immediately in sea water to form a long thin filament. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Tinhaudeus formosanus K. L. Pang, S. Y. Guo &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 75: 164 (2015).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Tinhaudeus ( T. formosanus) morphologically resembles those genera with plasmalemma retraction of ascus and unfurling ascospore appendages in the Halosphaeriaceae, i. e. Aniptodera, Saagaromyces, Phaeonectriella and Tirispora . However, T. formosanus differs in having different spore size, coloration, spore wall thickness and ontogeny of ascospore appendages (Ariyawansa et al. 2015). Phylogenetically, T. formosanus was also unrelated to these genera based on a combined analysis of the 18 S and 28 S rDNA (Fig. 4).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Tinhaudeus formed an unsupported sister clade with Sablicola and Remispora (Ariyawansa et al. 2015). In this study, the two strains of Tinhaudeus formosanus (NTOU 3580, NTOU 3805) formed a sister clade to the Nohea clade (Fig. 4). Divergence-time analysis places the Tinhaudeus – Nohea split in the Paleogene (~ 40 MYA, 95 % CI: 34–47.1 MYA), supporting their recognition as independent but relatively young genera within the Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C34AD6739D1C5C2F87D56709A76BB839	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
66AC216D5EC05DC68544F2EA627BAD4F.text	66AC216D5EC05DC68544F2EA627BAD4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tirispora E. B. G. Jones & Vrijmoed	<div><p>Tirispora E. B. G. Jones &amp; Vrijmoed, Canad. J. Bot. 72 (9): 1373 (1994)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic marine fungi on dead mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose to subglobose, solitary, superficial, ostiolate, periphysate, papillate, pale to dark brown. Peridium thin. Catenophyses present. Asci 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, with a ring and apical plate, thin-walled, unitunicate, persistent, maturing successively on ascogenous cushion at base of ascoma. Ascospores ellipsoid, 1 - septate, thick-walled, hyaline with a single appendage at one pole that is initially adpressed to spore wall but unfurls to form a long filamentous thread (Description adapted from Jones et al. 1994). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Tirispora unicaudata E. B. G. Jones &amp; Vrijmoed, Canad. J. Bot. 72 (9): 1373 (1994).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Tirispora is most similar to Aniptodera, however they differ in that the former has unipolar, unfurling ascospores appendages.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Tirispora unicaudata formed a strongly supported clade with Pangia (Fig. 4). However, sequences (ITS, 28 S) of one strain are available for Tirispora unicaudata but none for Tirispora mandoviana . Divergence-time analysis indicates that Tirispora diverged from Pangia during the Paleogene – Neogene interval (~ 48 MYA, 95 % CI: 12.9–178.3 MYA), suggesting that these genera represent distinct lineages (Fig. 5). New collections, isolates and sequences are required.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/66AC216D5EC05DC68544F2EA627BAD4F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
B33815B1CF755CE5AD97F0990D336F05.text	B33815B1CF755CE5AD97F0990D336F05.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tirispora unicaudata E. B. G. Jones & Vrijmoed	<div><p>Tirispora unicaudata E. B. G. Jones &amp; Vrijmoed, Canad. J. Bot. 72 (9): 1373 (1994)</p><p>Fig. 43</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on mangrove wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 90–300 µm long, 66–216 µm in diam., globose to subglobose, superficial, ostiolate, periphysate, papillate, pale to dark brown, single. Necks 22–48 µm long 12–46 µm wide. Peridium thin, 4–6 layers of cells. Catenophyses present. Asci 40–80 × 14–28 µm, 8 - spored, clavate, pedunculate, with a ring and apical plate, thick-walled, unitunicate, persistent, maturing successively on an ascogenous cushion at the base of the ascomata. Ascospores 24–32 × 8–12 µm, thick-walled, ellipsoid, 1 - septate, hyaline, with a single appendage at one pole, which is initially adpressed to the spore wall but unfurls to form a long filamentous thread (Description adapted from Jones et al. 1994). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Tirispora unicaudata differs from T. mandoviana in ascospore measurements, while T. mandoviana lacks catenophyses and in the retraction of the plasmalemma in the asci. Tirispora species are saprobic on wood in mangrove and freshwater habitats with a tropical distribution in Egypt, Hong Kong, India, Malaysia and Taiwan.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Hong Kong, India, Portugal.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B33815B1CF755CE5AD97F0990D336F05	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
838BA657AB4F5726B7C2049F7FBFDF7E.text	838BA657AB4F5726B7C2049F7FBFDF7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Toriella Sakayaroj, K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Toriella Sakayaroj, K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 46: 99 (2011)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose, cylindrical or elongate, immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, brown to black, solitary or gregarious, no catenophyses; Asci thin-walled, unitunicate, clavate, pedunculate, no apical pore, deliquescing early. Ascospores hyaline, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, with equatorial and polar appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Toriella tubulifera (Kohlm.) Sakay., K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 46: 100 (2011).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Toriella is a monotypic genus typified by Toriella tubulifera, and is accepted in all major classifications (Jones et al. 2015; Maharachchikumbura et al. 2015; Jones et al. 2019).</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>Toriella tubulifera formed a strongly supported group with Ondiniella torquata (Fig. 4). Divergence-time analysis places the split between Toriella and Ondiniella in the late Cretaceous (~ 72 MYA, 95 % CI: 21.1–248 MYA) (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/838BA657AB4F5726B7C2049F7FBFDF7E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
D193F55C25015222B348DFF6D83AFEE7.text	D193F55C25015222B348DFF6D83AFEE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Toriella tubulifera (Kohlm.) Sakay., K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Toriella tubulifera (Kohlm.) Sakay., K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 46: 100 (2011)</p><p>Fig. 23 H</p><p>Halosphaeria tubulifera Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 2: 312 (1960). Basionym.</p><p>Ceriosporopsis tubulifera (Kohlm.) P. W. Kirk ex Kohlm., Canad. J. Bot. 50 (9): 1953 (1972). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on submerged and intertidal wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 165–324 µm high, 231–574 µm diam., globose, cylindrical or elongate, immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, brown to black, solitary or gregarious, no catenophyses. Peridium 8–17.5 µm thick, composed of 3–5 layers of cells. Necks 46.5–165 µm long, 33–73 µm diam. Asci 8 - spored, thin-walled, unitunicate, clavate, pedunculate, no apical pore, deliquescing early. Ascospores 14.5–23 × 8.5–11 µm, hyaline, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, with equatorial and polar appendages, constricted at the septum. Appendage ontogeny exosporium folds to form an annulus-like equatorial appendage while the polar appendages are formed inside and the end chamber consisted of two electron-dense layers. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Denmark, • (Wales) UK on unidentified intertidal wood (BCC 33511, BCC 33512, BCC 33513, living cultures).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Toriella tubulifera is a saprobic fungus described from submerged and intertidal wood collected from cold-water locations including Canada, Denmark, Germany, Iceland, Sweden, UK, USA and Grytviken, South Georgia, Antarctic (Pugh and Jones 1986; Johnson et al. 1987; Sakayaroj et al. 2011; Tibell et al. 2020). It is reported from a wide range of timbers and on test panels. At South Georgia, Antarctic it was the most frequently recorded species with 37 collections on the submerged test panels.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D193F55C25015222B348DFF6D83AFEE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
98126AE8CE2D5254A43989B07A29A830.text	98126AE8CE2D5254A43989B07A29A830.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichomaris Hibbits, G. C. Hughes & Sparks	<div><p>Trichomaris Hibbits, G. C. Hughes &amp; Sparks, Canad. J. Bot. 59 (11): 2123 (1981)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic on Chionoecetes bairdi (Tanner crab). Sexual morph. Ascomata partially immersed in a subiculum, globose, coriaceous, black, with a centric ostiole, that lacks papillae or occasionally when present is short and subcylindrical. Without paraphyses. Asci elongate, clavate and unitunicate, 8 - spored. Ascospores oblong, 1–3 septate, hyaline, with a hamate appendage at either end of the spore, that unfurls to form fine hair-like threads (based on Hibbits et al. 1981). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Trichomaris invadens Hibbits, G. C. Hughes &amp; Sparks, Canad. J. Bot. 59 (11): 2123 (1981).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species shares similarities with various genera in the Halosphaeriaceae, with hyaline, septate, ascospores and hamate appendages unfurling to form fine hair-like sticky threads, such as Halosarpheia, Panorbis and Natantispora (Campbell et al. 2003; Pang et al. 2003 b). These grow on wood and other cellulosic substrates making Trichomaris the only known obligate parasite in marine Crustacean.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>There are no available sequences in databases for Trichomaris invadens . Trichomaris invadens requires recollection, isolation, and sequencing to determine if it belongs in the Halosphaeriaceae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/98126AE8CE2D5254A43989B07A29A830	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
EB0969C3DF9F5CA395E38768BADCCF04.text	EB0969C3DF9F5CA395E38768BADCCF04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichomaris invadens Hibbits, G. C. Hughes & Sparks	<div><p>Trichomaris invadens Hibbits, G. C. Hughes &amp; Sparks, Canad. J. Bot. 59 (11): 2123 (1981)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic on Chionoecetes bairdi (Tanner crab), Sexual morph. External hyphae black, 5.0–5.5 µm in diam., sparingly septate and branched, forming an encrusting subiculum on the carapace of the host. Internal hyphae found in tissues of the host is nonpigmented, 2.0–2.5 µm in diam., sparingly septate and branched. Ascomata thick-walled, coriaceous, lacking papilla or occasionally when present, short and subcylindrical, aparaphysate, periphysate, nonstromatic, 250–400 µm in diam., with diaporthe-type centrum. Asci elongate clavate, unitunicate, thin-walled, 85.0–155.0 × 12.0–17.0 µm. Ascospores hyaline, oblong to ellipsoidal 15.0–22.0 × 4.6–5.0 µm, 1–3 septate, predominantly 1 - septate, having hamate appendages at either end, unfurling to form fine hair-like threads, 50.0–360.0 µm in length (Based on Hibbits et al. 1981). Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Trichomaris invadens, is a parasite of the tanner crab, previous isolations originated in Alaska. Crabs, that were colonized by this fungus, exhibit symptoms of “ discrete black spots on the orange, somewhat iridescent exoskeleton ” (Sparks 1982). These black spots eventually cover the entire carapace with hyphae and fruiting bodies that slowly make their way inside the crab via the connective tissue. This prevents moulting and may lead to death due to tissue destruction (Sparks 1982).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Alaska.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EB0969C3DF9F5CA395E38768BADCCF04	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
59979DA181A85559B12774D1DE625E90.text	59979DA181A85559B12774D1DE625E90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tubakiella galerita (Tubaki) Sakayaroj, K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Tubakiella galerita (Tubaki) Sakayaroj, K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 46: 99 (2011)</p><p>Fig. 23 A, B</p><p>Remispora galerita Tubaki, Publs Setomar. biol. Lab. 15 (5): 362 (1967). Basionym.</p><p>Halosphaeria galerita (Tubaki) I. Schmidt, Natur Naturschutz Mecklenburg 12: 49 (1974). Synonym.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata 100–280 µm diam., globose, subglobose to pyriform, superficial to immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, thin-walled, hyaline to yellowish or light brown. Peridium 8–15 µm thick, composed of 3–4 layers of thick-walled cells. Necks 120–440 × 20–50 µm. Asci 56–96 × 20–45 µm, 8 - spored, ellipsoidal or ovoid, thin-walled, deliquescing at maturity. Ascospores 20–28 (– 35) × 20–45 µm, ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, hyaline, thick-walled at the apices; ascospore appendages at first a gelatinous sheath covers ascospores completely, later only a subglobose, subgelatinous appendages discernable. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Denmark, • unidentified intertidal wood (BCC 33500, type specimen) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species is saprobic on intertidal, drift and submerged wood, and on test panels immersed in the sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/59979DA181A85559B12774D1DE625E90	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
0F8BBA1F19BF524FADCDF9DAE0B50EE9.text	0F8BBA1F19BF524FADCDF9DAE0B50EE9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tubakiella K. L. Pang & E. B. G. Jones	<div><p>Tubakiella K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 46: 97 (2011)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on intertidal, drift and submerged wood. Sexual morph. Ascomata globose, subglobose to pyriform, superficial to immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, thin-walled, hyaline to yellowish or light brown. Asci ellipsoidal or ovoid, thin-walled, deliquescing at maturity. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 1 - septate, hyaline, thick-walled at the apices; ascospore appendages at first a gelatinous sheath covers ascospores completely, later only a subglobose subgelatinous appendages. Asexual morph. Undetermined.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Tubakiella galerita (Tubaki) Sakayaroj, K. L. Pang &amp; E. B. G. Jones, Fungal Diversity 46: 99 (2011).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Sakayaroj et al. (2011) introduced Tubakiella to accommodate Remispora galerita, a monotypic genus. The genus remains monotypic and is accepted in all major classifications (Jones et al. 2015, 2019; Marharachchikumbura et al. 2015).</p><p>Tubakiella is widely distributed in France, Denmark, Germany, Japan, Mexico, Spain, Taiwan, USA, and Yugoslavia (Jones et al. 2009). Tubakiella showed different appendage morphology with other genera in the Halosphaeriaceae . It has appendages formed by fragmentation of an exosporic layer and morphologically has little in common with either of the associated species.</p><p>Molecular evaluation.</p><p>In the phylogenetic tree they were placed close to Nautosphaeria cristaminuta (sister clade) in a side branch apart from most Halosphaeriaceae (Fig. 4). Divergence-time analysis indicates that Tubakiella and Nautosphaeria separated during the Jurassic – Early Cretaceous (~ 146 MYA, 95 % CI: 58–370.3 MYA) (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F8BBA1F19BF524FADCDF9DAE0B50EE9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dayarathne, Monika C.;Jones, E. B. Gareth;Bahkali, Ali H.;Devadatha, Bandarupalli;Hyde, Kevin D.;Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.;Calabon, Mark S.;Correia, Pedro;Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.;Bakhit, Mahmoud S.;Sakayaroj, Jariya;Prematunga, Chasika;Caeiro, Maria F.;Azevedo, Egídia;Asghari, Raheleh;Apurillo, Carlo Chris S.;Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu;Aumentado, Herbert Dustin;Mukhopadhyay, Samhita;Phukhamsakda, Chayanard;Chen, Yanpeng;Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.;Guo, Sheng-Yu;Pang, Ka-Lai	Dayarathne, Monika C., Jones, E. B. Gareth, Bahkali, Ali H., Devadatha, Bandarupalli, Hyde, Kevin D., Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., Calabon, Mark S., Correia, Pedro, Abdel-Aziz, Faten A., Bakhit, Mahmoud S., Sakayaroj, Jariya, Prematunga, Chasika, Caeiro, Maria F., Azevedo, Egídia, Asghari, Raheleh, Apurillo, Carlo Chris S., Bhagya, Amuhenage Tharindu, Aumentado, Herbert Dustin, Mukhopadhyay, Samhita, Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Chen, Yanpeng, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S., Guo, Sheng-Yu, Pang, Ka-Lai (2026): Taxonomy and molecular evaluation of the Halosphaeriaceae (Microascales, Hypocreomycetidae). MycoKeys 135: 1-202, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.135.187540
