identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
ABFE2729537C57E4A593186BAA3F4905.text	ABFE2729537C57E4A593186BAA3F4905.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium altaicum Y. M. Liang & Yun. Liu	<div><p>Phragmidium altaicum Y. M. Liang &amp; Yun. Liu, Phytotaxa 423 (3): 187–194. 2019</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia not seen. Uredinia hypophyllous, yellow, 0.5–1 mm diam.; urediniospores 17–22 × 15–19 μm, wall ca. 1 μm thick, echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, black, 0.3–0.7 mm diam.; teliospores 4–7 - celled, 30–75 × 23–28 μm, wall 2.5–5 μm thick, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae 4–10 μm long; pedicels 62–92 × 14–20 μm, swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Xinjiang, Tacheng City, Jimunai County, Tusti Valley, on R. beggeriana Schrenk, 15 Jul. 2017, Chengming Tian, Yingmei Liang, Yun Liu (BJFC -R 03246) ; • Xinjiang, Altay City, on Rosa albertii Regel, 12 July 2017, Yingmei Liang and Yun Liu (holotype BJFC -R 03217) ; • Xinjiang, Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Bole City, Junzhureke Village, on R. laxa Retz, 16 Jul. 2017, Chengming Tian, Yingmei Liang, Yun Liu (BJFC -R 03247) ; Uzbekistan, • Zomin National Park, on Rosa maracandica Bunge., 26 May 2018, Y. Gafforov (TASM – YG 1073 = BJFC -R 03338) ; Uzbekistan, • Zomin National Park, on Rosa canina L., 28 May 2018, Y. Gafforov (TASM-YG 1069 = BJFC -R 03336) . For a complete list of all specimens examined, see Suppl. material 1.</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MH 285383 (BJFC -R 03217), MH 285379 (BJFC -R 03338), MK 049168 (BJFC -R 03336), MH 285384 (BJFC -R 03246), MH 285385 (BJFC -R 03247); LSU: MK 049168 (BJFC -R 03217), MK 049169 (BJFC -R 03338), MK 049170 (BJFC -R 03336), MH 285380 (BJFC -R 03246), MH 285381 (BJFC -R 03247).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Originally described from Xinjiang on Rosa albertii (Liu et al. 2019), the taxonomic circumscription of Phragmidium altaicum is emended to encompass 4–7 - celled teliospores (30–75 × 23–28 μm) with robust verrucae, echinulate type 4 aeciospores (Wahyuno et al. 2002) with candle-echinulate ornamentation (Liu 2021), and urediniospores possessing mushroom-shaped basal spines. Although phylogenetically sister to P. tuberculatum and P. rosae - davuricae (Fig. 1), P. altaicum is clearly delimited by this unique combination of aeciospore and urediniospore ultrastructure.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ABFE2729537C57E4A593186BAA3F4905	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
50D7B225A36354448978F579E4EBFF11.text	50D7B225A36354448978F579E4EBFF11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium butleri Syd	<div><p>Phragmidium butleri Syd, Ann. Mycol 5: 501. 1907</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia not seen. Mixed occurrence of aeciospores and urediniospores, occurring on the abaxial leaf surface. Aeciospores are circular, pyriform, or irregular in shape, measuring 15–27 × 17–22 μm. Their surface is ornamented with 1–5 spines borne on raised, tray-like basal structures (plaque-spine type PE). Uredinia hypophyllous, 0.5–1 mm diam.; urediniospores 17–30 × 15–22 μm, densely echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, black, 0.5–1 mm diam.; teliospores 5–8 - celled, 70–105 × 25–35 μm, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae up to 12 μm long; pedicels 90–125 × 15–25 μm, swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Xizang, Shigatse, Gyirong County, on Rosa macrophylla Lindl, 9 Sept. 1990, Jianyun Zhuang (HMAS 67841) . For a complete list of all specimens examined, see Suppl. material 1.</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MW 729553 (HMAS 67841); LSU: MG 669118 (HMAS 67841).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>First described from India on Rosa macrophylla (Sydow et al. 1906), this species is characterized by 5–8 - celled teliospores (70–105 × 25–35 μm) with coarsely verrucose walls and apical papillae up to 12 μm long (Liu 2021). Although morphologically similar to P. tuberculatum and P. rosae-davuricae, it occupies a separate phylogenetic lineage in the molecular tree (Fig. 1), supporting its recognition as a distinct species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/50D7B225A36354448978F579E4EBFF11	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
F4995E02A3CC55B48ED2A10F29FCAA0A.text	F4995E02A3CC55B48ED2A10F29FCAA0A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium chayuensis Y. M. Liang & Yun. Liu	<div><p>Phragmidium chayuensis Y. M. Liang &amp; Yun. Liu, Mycological Progress 17 (8): 967–988. 2018</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia not seen. Uredinia hypophyllous, 0.1–0.3 mm diam.; urediniospores 19–23 × 17–22 μm, densely echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, black, 0.2–0.5 mm diam.; teliospores 7–9 - celled, 67–87 × 22–30 μm, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae absent or up to 5 μm long; pedicels 75–103 × 15–18 μm, swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Xizang, Nyingchi City, Zayü County, Zhuwagen Town, on Rosa duplicata T. T. Yu &amp; T. C. Ku, 30 Jul. 2016, Yingmei Liang and Jing Cao (BJFC -R 02532 (holotype), BJFC -R 03014 (isotype)) ; • Gansu, Changde City, Wuling District, Taiyangshan Forest Park, on Rosa rubus Lévl. et Vant., 18 Jul. 2019, Yingmei Liang, Chengming Tian, Yun Liu, Cheng Peng (BJFC -R 03716, BJFC -R 03717, BJFC -R 03718) . For a complete list of all specimens examined, see Suppl. material 1.</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MH 128374 (BJFC -R 02532), MH 128375 (BJFC -R 03014), MW 729554 (BJFC -R 03716), MW 729555 (BJFC -R 03717), MW 729556 (BJFC -R 03718); LSU: MG 669112 (BJFC -R 02532), MG 669113 (BJFC -R 03014), MW 729482 (BJFC -R 03716), MW 729483 (BJFC -R 03717), MW 729484 (BJFC -R 03718).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species was first discovered in Xizang, China, on Rosa duplicata (Liu et al. 2018) . Its 7–9 - celled teliospores (67–87 × 22–30 μm), with coarsely verrucose walls and short or absent apical papillae (up to 5 μm), distinguish it from morphologically similar species such as P. hashiokae (100–150 × 25–36 μm), P. montivagum (apical papillae up to 13 μm), and P. rosae-multiflorae (Liu 2021) . Phylogenetically, it forms a well-supported clade sister to P. rosae-multiflorae (Fig. 1) and represents the first Phragmidium species reported on R. duplicata .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F4995E02A3CC55B48ED2A10F29FCAA0A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
335681A6E2CA551CA4A93C5A39E12DFA.text	335681A6E2CA551CA4A93C5A39E12DFA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium cinnamomeum Durrieu	<div><p>Phragmidium cinnamomeum Durrieu, Cryptog. Mycol. 1 (1): 51. 1980</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia not seen. Uredinia hypophyllous, light yellow, 0.3–1.5 mm diam.; urediniospores ellipsoid to globose, 12–17 × 15–19 μm, wall ca. 2 μm thick, echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, black, 0.3–1.5 mm diam.; teliospores 5–6 - celled (occasionally four or eight), 58–67 × 24–29 μm, wall ca. 3 μm thick, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae 6–16 μm long; pedicels 42–115 × 6–14 μm, slightly swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Qinghai, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Haiyan County, Yuershan, 9 Jul. 2019, Yingmei Liang, Chengming Tian, Yun Liu, Cheng Peng (BJFC -R 03689) ; • Qinghai, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Menyuan Hui Autonomous County, Xianmi Forest Farm, 9 Jul. 2019, Yingmei Liang, Chengming Tian, Yun Liu, Cheng Peng (BJFC -R 03695, BJFC -R 03686) ; • Qinghai, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Zeku County, Maixiu Forest Farm Jiuliangou, 13 Jul. 2019, Yingmei Liang, Chengming Tian, Yun Liu, Cheng Peng (BJFC -R 03698, BJFC -R 03701, BJFC -R 03706) ; • Qinghai, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Menyuan Hui Autonomous County, Menyuan 12 Pan, on R. sweginzowii Koehne., 7 Jul. 2019, Yingmei Liang, Chengming Tian, Yun Liu, Cheng Peng (BJFC -R 03674, BJFC -R 03678) . For a complete list of all specimens examined, see Suppl. material 1.</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MW 729557 (BJFC -R 02086), MW 729558 (BJFC -R 03674), MW 729559 (BJFC -R 03678), MW 729560 (BJFC -R 03686), MW 729561 (BJFC -R 03689), MW 729562 (BJFC -R 03695), MW 729563 (BJFC -R 03698), MW 729564 (BJFC -R 03701), MW 729565 (BJFC -R 03706); LSU: MW 729485 (BJFC -R 02086), MW 729486 (BJFC -R 03674), MW 729487 (BJFC -R 03678), MW 729488 (BJFC -R 03686), MW 729489 (BJFC -R 03689), MW 729490 (BJFC -R 03695), MW 729491 (BJFC -R 03698), MW 729492 (BJFC -R 03701), MW 729493 (BJFC -R 03706).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Originally described from Nepal (Durrieu 1980), this species is common in China on Rosa species from Qinghai, Gansu, and Xizang (Liu 2021). It is characterized by 5–6 - celled teliospores (58–67 × 24–29 μm) with coarsely verrucose walls and apical papillae 6–16 μm long. Although it resembles P. tuberculatum in teliospore cell number and urediniospore ornamentation, the chestnut-colored telia and teliospores (vs. black telia and dark brown teliospores in P. tuberculatum) provide a reliable morphological distinction. The phylogenetic tree places P. cinnamomeum as sister to P. zhouquense with strong support (Fig. 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/335681A6E2CA551CA4A93C5A39E12DFA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
B169AE0CFB3B520898276765FD67CCA2.text	B169AE0CFB3B520898276765FD67CCA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium fusiforme J. Schrot.	<div><p>Phragmidium fusiforme J. Schröt., Abh. Schles. Ges. Vaterl. Kult., Abth. Naturw. Med. 48: 24. 1870</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia not seen. Uredinia hypophyllous, white, 0.1–0.6 mm diam.; urediniospores 15–25 × 16–20 μm, densely echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, black, 0.1–0.5 mm diam.; teliospores 11–13 - celled, 93–125 × 17–28 μm, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae up to 13 μm long; pedicels 50–150 × 15–18 μm, slightly swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Gansu, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Maguan County, Ma Guan Mountain, on Rosa sweginzowii Koehne, 2 Sept. 2004, Ruili Ma (HMAS 140421) ; • Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Diebe County, 11 Sept. 1992, Jianyun Zhuang (HMAS 67193); Gansu, Zhouqu County, on R. sertata Rolfe, 4 Sept. 1992, Jianyun Zhuang (HMAS 67193) ; • Xizang, Nyingchi City, Bomi County, on R. moyesii Hemsl. &amp; E. H. Wilson, 26 Aug. 1983, Jianyun Zhuang (HMAS 45219 – HMAS 45220) ; • Hubei, Shennongjia, on R. corymbulosa Rolfe, 2 Aug. 1984, Lin Guo (HMAS 55451) ; • Xinjiang, on R. acicularis Lindl. Kanas Nature Reserve, 5 Sept. 2004, Jianyun Zhuang (HMAS 172069) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Among Phragmidium species on Rosa, this taxon is unique in having 11–13 - celled teliospores (93–125 × 17–28 μm) that are nearly fusiform, tapering toward both ends (Liu 2021). It is one of the few species in the genus with more than 10 teliospore cells. Phylogenetic analysis places it in a well-supported clade distinct from other species (Fig. 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B169AE0CFB3B520898276765FD67CCA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
495EFBC64EEB56068AF1061E265CB222.text	495EFBC64EEB56068AF1061E265CB222.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium handelii Petr.	<div><p>Phragmidium handelii Petr., Meddn Göteb. Bot. Trädg. 17: 121. 1947</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia, aecia, and uredinia not seen. Telia black, pulverulent, on fruits and branches, up to 2 cm diam.; teliospores 12–16 - celled, 69–101 × 19–24 μm, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae 2–10 μm long; pedicels 75–132 × 10–16 μm, slightly swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Gansu, Longnan City, Huagou, on Rosa corymbulosa Rolfe, 17 Jul. 2019, Yingmei Liang, Chengming Tian, Yun Liu, Cheng Peng (BJFC -R 03713) ; 4 May 2017, Bin Cao (BJFC -R 02982); • Gansu, Lintan County, Yeli Guan Daling Mountain, on R. webbiana Wall. ex Royle, 15 Aug. 2014, Yingmei Liang, Chengming Tian, Bin Cao (BJFC -R 01442) ; • Gansu, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Diebu County, Lazikou Checkpoint, 18 Aug. 2014, Yingmei Liang, Chengming Tian, Bin Cao (BJFC -R 01485) . For a complete list of all specimens examined, see Suppl. material 1.</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MW 729573 (BJFC -R 01442), MW 729574 (BJFC -R 01485), MW 729575 (BJFC -R 02982), MW 729576 (BJFC -R 03713); LSU: MW 729500 (BJFC -R 01442), MW 729501 (BJFC -R 01485), MW 729502 (BJFC -R 02982), MW 729503 (BJFC -R 03713).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Distinguished by its 12–16 - celled teliospores (69–101 × 19–24 μm), this species possesses the highest number of teliospore cells recorded in the genus (Liu 2021). It forms large, crust-like telia on fruits and branches, often causing host deformities. In the phylogenetic tree, it occupies a well-supported clade distinct from other Rosa - associated species (Fig. 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/495EFBC64EEB56068AF1061E265CB222	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
3CB13BE232A5509DAFD70AB77A79B964.text	3CB13BE232A5509DAFD70AB77A79B964.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium japonicum Dietel	<div><p>Phragmidium japonicum Dietel, Bot Jahrb 27: 567. 1899</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia, aecia, and uredinia not seen. Telia amphigenous, bright orange or reddish orange when fresh, 0.1–0.5 mm diam.; teliospores 2–5 - celled, 30–100 μm long, smooth; pedicels less than 10 μm long.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Fujian, Nanping City, Wuyi Mountain, on Rosa laevigata Michx, 8 Oct. 1980, Jianyun Zhuang (HMAS 41585) ; Japan, • Ibaraki, on R. luciae Franchet &amp; Rochebrune, 12 Aug. 1998, Y. Ono and K. Ishimiya (IBAR 8174) . For a complete list of all specimens examined, see Suppl. material 1.</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MN 264716 (HMAS 41585), MN 882389 (IBAR 8174); LSU: MN 264734 (HMAS 41585), MN 848143 (IBAR 8174).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Originally described from Japan on Rosa multiflora (Dietel and Neger 1899), this species was later transferred to Kuehneola as K. japonica (Dietel 1912) . Molecular phylogenetic analysis unequivocally places it within Phragmidium (Liu et al. 2020; Fig. 1), restoring its original generic placement. It is readily identified by its 2–5 - celled teliospores (30–100 μm long) with smooth walls and very short pedicels (&lt;10 μm). Its microcyclic life cycle has been experimentally confirmed (Ono 2002).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3CB13BE232A5509DAFD70AB77A79B964	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
D9315CC41324591DAE24225D0E639B6B.text	D9315CC41324591DAE24225D0E639B6B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium jiangxiense Y. M. Liang & Y. Liu	<div><p>Phragmidium jiangxiense Y. M. Liang &amp; Y. Liu, Mycologia 112 (4): 747. 2020</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and telia not seen. Aecia hypophyllous, orange, 0.2–0.5 mm diam.; aeciospores 13–22 × 12–17 μm, echinulate. Uredinia hypophyllous; urediniospores 15–23 × 11–18 μm, wall 0.5–2 μm thick, with stout spines basally immersed in wrinkled wall.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Chongyi County, Qiyun Mountain, on Rosa laevigata Michx., 20 Jul. 2018, Chengming Tian, Yingmei Liang, Yun Liu (BJFC -R 03452, BJFC -R 03453) . For a complete list of all specimens examined, see Suppl. material 1.</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MN 264714 (BJFC -R 03452), MN 264715 (BJFC -R 03453); LSU: MN 264732 (BJFC -R 03452), MN 264733 (BJFC -R 03453).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Described from Jiangxi, China, on Rosa laevigata (Liu et al. 2020), this species is immediately recognizable by its urediniospores with stout spines basally immersed in a wrinkled spore wall — a feature unique among Phragmidium species on Rosa (Liu 2021) . Although closely related to P. japonicum (Fig. 1), this fungus differs in having a macrocyclic life cycle (vs. microcyclic) and wrinkled urediniospores (vs. smooth teliospores).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D9315CC41324591DAE24225D0E639B6B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
32AC171A0B2852FFB698D9A3AB7A35CA.text	32AC171A0B2852FFB698D9A3AB7A35CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium kamtschatkae (F. W. Anderson) Arthur & Cummins	<div><p>Phragmidium kamtschatkae (F. W. Anderson) Arthur &amp; Cummins, Mycologia 25 (5): 401. 1933</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and uredinia not seen. Aecia on twigs, ca. 2 mm diam., orange-yellow; aeciospores 16–21 μm diam., hyaline, echinulate. Telia amphigenous, yellowish-brown; teliospores two-celled, 28–40 × 19–22 μm, sparsely verrucose, without apical papillae; pedicels atrophied.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>Uzbekistan, • Jizzakh Region, Zaamin District, Zaamin National Park, on Rosa ecae Aitch., 26 May 2018, Y. Gafforov (BJFC -R 03344, BJFC -R 03345) . For a complete list of all specimens examined, see Suppl. material 1.</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MW 729577 (BJFC -R 03345 (TASM-YG 1085)), MW 729578 (BJFC -R 03344 (TASM-YG 1084)); LSU: MW 729504 (BJFC -R 03345 (TASM-YG 1085)), MW 729505 (BJFC -R 03344 (TASM-YG 1084)).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>First described as Puccinia kamtschatkae and later transferred to Phragmidium (Arthur and Cummins 1933), the taxonomic placement of this species has been debated because of its 2 - celled teliospores and atrophied pedicels (Zhuang et al. 2012). Phylogenetic analysis now confirms its placement within Phragmidium (Fig. 1). It is characterized by 2 - celled teliospores (28–40 × 19–22 μm) with sparse verrucae and aeciospores with plaque-echinulate ornamentation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/32AC171A0B2852FFB698D9A3AB7A35CA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
B7BC7124DF765EDDAF6C892375FC23E4.text	B7BC7124DF765EDDAF6C892375FC23E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium leucoaecium Y. M. Liang & Y. Liu	<div><p>Phragmidium leucoaecium Y. M. Liang &amp; Y. Liu, Mycologia 112 (4): 747. 2020</p><p>Description.</p><p>Uredinia and telia not seen. Spermogonia hypophyllous, type 2, 103–220 × 55–70 μm. Aecia hypophyllous, up to 12 mm long, white to yellowish, aparaphysate; aeciospores 24–40 × 12–22 μm, hyaline, with irregularly elongated verrucae toward the apex.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Yunnan, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Binchuan County, Jizu Mountain, on Rosa sp., 22 Mar. 2015, Bin Cao and Qin Yang (BJFC -R 02118) ; Yunnan, Kunming City, Panlong District, Back Hill of Yunnan Agricultural University, 16 Mar. 2015, Qin Yang (BJFC -R 02116) .</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MN 264718 (BJFC -R 02116), MN 264719 (BJFC -R 02118); LSU: MN 264736 (BJFC -R 02116), MN 264737 (BJFC -R 02118).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Described from Yunnan, China, on Rosa sp. (Liu et al. 2020), this species possesses two unusual features: type 2 spermogonia (Group I, type 2) (Cummins and Hiratsuka 2003), which are rare in Phragmidium, and aeciospores with irregularly elongated verrucae interconnected by narrow ridges (echinulate-verrucose type). This combination of characters sets it apart from all other Phragmidium species on Rosa . Phylogenetic analysis places it in a well-supported clade distinct from its relatives (Fig. 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B7BC7124DF765EDDAF6C892375FC23E4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
7A2DABACA0015B90A9687238C3993250.text	7A2DABACA0015B90A9687238C3993250.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium montivagum Arthur	<div><p>Phragmidium montivagum Arthur, Torreya 9: 24. 1909</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia not seen. Uredinia hypophyllous, 0.1–0.4 mm diam.; urediniospores 20–23 × 14–18 μm, densely echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, black, 0.1–0.5 mm; teliospores 7–9 - celled, 69–89 × 28–35 μm, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae 8–11 μm long; pedicels 91–130 × 18–25 μm, swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Nei Mongol, Alshan, on Rosa davurica Pall., 15 Aug. 1911, Zhuang Jianyun (HMAS 67176) . For a complete list of all specimens examined, see Suppl. material 1.</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>LSU: KU 059173 (HMAS 67176).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species is easily recognized by its teliospores, which are widest in the middle and taper toward both ends (subfusiform), measuring 69–89 × 28–35 μm and comprising 7–9 cells (Liu 2021). This distinctive shape distinguishes it from other species with similar teliospore cell numbers. Phylogenetic analysis supports its placement in a well-supported clade (Fig. 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7A2DABACA0015B90A9687238C3993250	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
BFD19C4610885633B9113A305B495FFF.text	BFD19C4610885633B9113A305B495FFF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium mucronatum (Pers.) Schltdl.	<div><p>Phragmidium mucronatum (Pers.) Schltdl., Fl. berol. (Berlin) 2: 156. 1824</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia not seen. Uredinia hypophyllous, yellow to orange, 0.5–3 mm in diameter or up to 3 mm long; urediniospores broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, 18–25 × 16–23 μm, densely to finely echinulate or echinulate-verruculose, with conspicuous germ pore caps. Telia hypophyllous, brown to chestnut-brown when young, becoming black at maturity; teliospores 6–10 - celled, 73–133 × 26–35 μm, coarsely verrucose, with apical papillae 3–10 μm long; pedicels 78–180 × 10–24 μm, gradually thickened downward and swollen at the base. For detailed descriptions and illustrations, see Liu (2021).</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Beijing, Mentougou District, Mentougou Rose Garden, on Rosa rugosa Thun., 29 sep. 2019, Chengming Tian, Yingmei Liang and Yun Liu (BJFCR 03455, BJFCR 03456, BJFCR 03557, BJFCR 03558) . For a complete list of all specimens examined, see Suppl. material 1.</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MN 264722 (BJFCR 03455), MN 264723 (BJFCR 03456), MW 729579 (BJFCR 03557), MW 729580 (BJFCR 03558); LSU: MN 264740 (BJFCR 03455), MN 264741 (BJFCR 03456), MW 729506 (BJFCR 03557), MW 729507 (BJFCR 03558).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>As the type species of the genus Phragmidium, this taxon holds special nomenclatural significance. It is distinguished by its urediniospores, which possess a distinct pore membrane — a feature not observed in other Phragmidium species on Rosa . The species is widespread globally and forms a well-supported clade in the phylogenetic tree (Fig. 1). The Chinese collections examined here are referred to Phragmidium mucronatum following the traditional morphological concept of the species. They agree with the original description and later taxonomic treatments in having urediniospores with conspicuous pore caps, which have long been regarded as a characteristic feature of P. mucronatum (Wilson and Henderson 1966) . The teliospores are also mostly 6–8 - celled, as described in previous accounts. However, the type specimen and topotypic European material were not available for examination in this study. Moreover, the available GenBank sequences identified as P. mucronatum were used only for comparison because some records lack sufficient voucher or morphological information. Further study of European material, preferably including topotypic collections, together with newly collected Chinese specimens, is needed to clarify the relationship between Chinese and European populations of P. mucronatum .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BFD19C4610885633B9113A305B495FFF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
88F86079891455E89FBB49EDE0F0B869.text	88F86079891455E89FBB49EDE0F0B869.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium robustum J. Y. Zhuang & S. X. Wei	<div><p>Phragmidium robustum J. Y. Zhuang &amp; S. X. Wei, Mycosystema 28 (5): 625. 2009</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia, aecia, and uredinia not seen. Telia hypophyllous, brown, 0.1–0.3 mm; teliospores 5–6 - celled, 68–88 × 32–38 μm, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae 1–4 μm long; pedicels 141–157 × 15–20 μm, swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Sichuan, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Meigu County, on Rosa omeiensis var. pteracantha Rehder &amp; E. H. Wilson, 6 Oct. 1989, Jianyun Zhuang (HMAS 64407 (holotype), HMAS 64408, HMAS 64411) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Morphologically similar to P. cinnamomeum, this species differs in having noticeably broader teliospores (32–38 μm vs. 24–29 μm in P. cinnamomeum). The number of teliospore cells (5–6) is comparable between the two species. Phylogenetic analysis places P. robustum in a distinct clade (Fig. 1), supporting its recognition as a separate species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/88F86079891455E89FBB49EDE0F0B869	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
159C811A30CF5186B883018B38444C1B.text	159C811A30CF5186B883018B38444C1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium rosae-davuricae Miura 1928	<div><p>Phragmidium rosae -davuricae Miura, 1928, Flora of Manchuria and East Mongolia 3: 374.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia not seen. Uredinia hypophyllous, 0.2–0.4 mm diam.; urediniospores 17–24 × 15–19 μm, echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, black, 0.2–0.5 mm diam.; teliospores 5–6 - celled, 56–81 × 23–28 μm, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae 7–19 μm long; pedicels 56–96 × 10–25 μm, swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Xinjiang, Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Gongliu County, Kurdning Nursery, on Rosa oxyacantha M. Bieb., 29 Jul. 2011, Ying Mei Liang, Chengming Tian, Rong Ma (BJFC -R 00651, BJFC -R 00670) ; • Gansu, Zhangye City, Sunan Yugur Autonomous County, Horseshoe Temple, on Rosa sp., 17 Aug. 2018, Bin Cao (BJFC -R 03555) . For a complete list of all specimens examined, see Suppl. material 1.</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MW 729587 (BJFC -R 00651), MW 729588 (BJFC -R 00670), MW 729589 (BJFC -R 03555); LSU: MW 729511 (BJFC -R 00651), MW 729512 (BJFC -R 00670), MW 729513 (BJFC -R 03555).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species is morphologically similar to P. tuberculatum, with 5–6 - celled teliospores (56–81 × 23–28 μm), and has long been considered a synonym of P. tuberculatum by some authors (Azbukina 1984; Zhuang et al. 2012). However, the two species can be distinguished by the width of the teliospores and the surface ornamentation of the urediniospores. The teliospores of P. tuberculatum are 27–35 μm wide (Deutsche 1883), whereas those of Phragmidium rosae - davuricae are narrower, reaching a maximum width of only 28 μm. Furthermore, P. tuberculatum possesses urediniospores with conspicuous and somewhat larger spines (Deutsche 1883; Liu 2021). Phylogenetic analysis reveals that they occupy separate, well-supported clades (Fig. 1), confirming their status as distinct species (Liu 2021).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/159C811A30CF5186B883018B38444C1B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
C9D865E06B0953C0970FBD7A6832D83E.text	C9D865E06B0953C0970FBD7A6832D83E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium rosae-multiflorae Dietel	<div><p>Phragmidium rosae -multiflorae Dietel, Hedwigia 44: 132. 1905</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia not seen. Uredinia hypophyllous, 0.1–0.3 mm diam.; urediniospores 18–22 × 16–18 μm, densely echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, black, 0.3–0.6 mm diam.; teliospores 5–7 - celled, 62–81 × 23–25 μm, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae absent or up to 5 μm long; pedicels 73–93 × 13–17 μm, swollen from middle to lower part.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Zhanggong District, Fengshan National Forest Park, on Rosa multiflora Thunb. var. cathayensis Rehd., 23 Jul. 2018, Yingmei Liang and Yun Liu (BJFCR 03542, BJFCR 03544) . For a complete list of all specimens examined, see Suppl. material 1.</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MW 729591 (BJFCR 03542), MN 264721 (BJFCR 03544); LSU: MW 729515 (BJFCR 03542), MN 264739 (BJFCR 03544).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>First described from Japan on Rosa multiflora (Dietel 1905), this species is characterized by its distinctive pedicels: subequal in length to the teliospores, pale brown above, and gradually becoming hyaline downward, with the swollen portion occupying approximately half of the pedicel length (Liu 2021). Phylogenetic analysis shows that Chinese specimens form a well-supported clade with sequences from Japan (Fig. 1), indicating a genetically cohesive population across East Asia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C9D865E06B0953C0970FBD7A6832D83E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
CD7D47703F455567896749CAA6E30700.text	CD7D47703F455567896749CAA6E30700.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium shennongjiaense Y. M. Liang, Ning Jiang & Yun Liu 2026	<div><p>Phragmidium shennongjiaense Y. M. Liang, Ning Jiang &amp; Yun Liu sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 2</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The epithet “ shennongjiaense ” named from Shennongjia, the geographic site of the collection of this species.</p><p>Type.</p><p>China, • Hubei, Shennongyuan, on Rosa omeiensis Rolfe, 17 Aug. 2017, Qin Yang, Zhuo Du (holotype BJFC –R 03275) .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia not seen. Uredinia hypophyllous, orange-yellow, scattered or clustered, rounded, ca. 0.2 mm diam.; paraphyses peripheral, clavate, incurved, hyaline, 34–55 × 9–16 μm; urediniospores pedicellate, subglobose to globose, 15–20 μm diam, wall 1.5–2.5 μm thick, with echinulae arising from a plaque-like base (plaque-echinulate type). Telia hypophyllous, pulverulent, black, scattered or clustered, rounded, 0.1–0.4 mm diam; teliospores cylindrical, light brown to dark brown, 6–9 - celled (occasionally five), 73–91 × 24–29 μm, wall 1–2 μm thick, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae 3–12 μm long; pedicels 79–97 × 15–20 μm, swollen at lower 1 / 2 to 1 / 4 part.</p><p>Additional specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Qinghai, Haibei Xizangan Autonomous Prefecture, Haibei Xizangan Autonomous Prefecture, Menyuan Shierpan, on Rosa omeiensis Rolfe., 7 Jul. 2019, Yingmei Liang, Chengming Tian, Yun Liu, Cheng Peng (BJFC -R 03675) ; • Qinghai, Haibei Xizangan Autonomous Prefecture, Qilian County, Jiulian Valley, 13 Jul. 2019, Yingmei Liang, Bin Cao (BJFC -R 03696, BJFC -R 03700) ; on Rosa sp., Gansu, Wuwei City, Tianzhu County, 19 Aug. 2018, Bin Cao (BJFC –R 03553) .</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MW 729601 (BJFC -R 03553), MW 729602 (BJFC -R 03275), MW 729603 (BJFC -R 03675), MW 729604 (BJFC -R 03696), MW 729605 (BJFC -R 03700); LSU: MW 729525 (BJFC -R 03553), MW 729526 (BJFC -R 03275), MW 729527 (BJFC -R 03675), MW 729528 (BJFC -R 03696), MW 729529 (BJFC -R 03700).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The combination of 6–9 - celled teliospores (73–91 × 24–29 μm) with coarsely verrucose walls and pedicellate urediniospores bearing echinulae on a plaque-like base (plaque-echinulate type) distinguishes this species from its relatives (Fig. 1). Morphologically, it resembles P. montivagum (Wei 1988; Zhuang et al. 2012) and P. chayuensis (Liu et al. 2018; Liu 2021) but differs in having plaque-echinulate urediniospores (vs. densely echinulate urediniospores) and longer apical papillae (3–12 μm vs. up to 5 μm). In the phylogenetic tree, P. shennongjiaense forms a distinct clade sister to P. rubi - idaei with strong support (ML / MP / BI = 100 / 100 / 1) (Fig. 1), confirming its status as a distinct species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD7D47703F455567896749CAA6E30700	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
560BB2FAED245CB783EEF0A493CB2C2F.text	560BB2FAED245CB783EEF0A493CB2C2F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium tuberculatum Jul. Mull.	<div><p>Phragmidium tuberculatum Jul. Müll., Ber. dt. bot. Ges. 3: 391. 1885</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia not observed. Aecia, uredinia, and telia mixed. Aecia hypophyllous, orange-yellow; aeciospores 25–30 μm diam., echinulate. Uredinia hypophyllous; urediniospore 19–22 × 15–19 μm, echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, black; teliospores 5–7 - celled, 60–100 × 23–36 μm, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae 5–18 μm long; pedicels 52–136 × 14–26 μm, swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Qinghai, Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gade County, Gade Nursery, on Rosa rugosa Thunb., 8 Jul. 2019, Yingmei Liang, Chengming Tian, Yun Liu, Cheng Peng (BJFC -R 03682 - R 03684) ; • Qinghai, Haidong City, Haidong City, Beishan Forest Farm, 22 Jul. 2013, Chengming Tian and Yang Ting (BJFC -R 00951, BJFC -R 00959) ; Inner Mongolia, • Chifeng City, Ulanbutong, on Rosa sp., 15 Aug. 2019, Yingmei Liang, Chengming Tian, Yun Liu (BJFC -R 03333) ; New Zealand, • Ackland, 9 Apr. 2019, Yingmei Liang (BJFC -R 03561, BJFC -R 03563) .</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MW 729606 (BJFC -R 00951), MW 729607 (BJFC -R 00959), MW 729608 (BJFC -R 03561), MW 729609 (BJFC -R 03563), MW 729610 (BJFC -R 03682), MW 729611 (BJFC -R 03683), MW 729613 (BJFC -R 03684), MW 729613 (BJFC -R 03333); LSU: MH 285382 (BJFC -R 00951), KP 407636 (BJFC -R 00959), MW 729530 (BJFC -R 03561), MW 729531 (BJFC -R 03563), MW 729532 (BJFC -R 03682), MW 729533 (BJFC -R 03683), MW 729534 (BJFC -R 03684), MW 729535 (BJFC -R 03333).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species is distinguished by two unique spore ornamentation types: urediniospores with echinulae arising from a mushroom-shaped base (gyroscopic-echinulate type) and aeciospores with echinulae arising from a plaque-like base (plaque-echinulate type) (Liu 2021). These features are not found in other Phragmidium species on Rosa . Phylogenetically, it forms a well-supported clade sister to P. altaicum (Fig. 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/560BB2FAED245CB783EEF0A493CB2C2F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
384B0552CA305079884BEA2A2365121C.text	384B0552CA305079884BEA2A2365121C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium warburgianum (Henn.) Y. M. Liang & Y. Liu	<div><p>Phragmidium warburgianum (Henn.) Y. M. Liang &amp; Y. Liu Mycologia 112 (4): 747. 2020</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia systemically infecting the host, forming witches’ brooms. Spermogonia type 2, 139–206 × 58–104 μm. Aecia aparaphysate, orange-red; aeciospores 20–29 × 12–18 μm, verrucose. Uredinia hypophyllous, orange-red; urediniospores 18–25 × 11–16 μm, echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, white; teliospores 2–4 - celled, cells 21–34 × 10–17 μm, smooth.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Zhejiang, Ningbo City, on Rosa sp. (B (type specimen) . Japan, Ishigaki Island, on Rosa bracteata J. C. Wendl., 10 Dec. 1995, Y. Ono (BJFC -R 03458 (= IBAR 07744)), 17 Feb. 2009 (BJFC -R 03459 (= IBAR 10130)) .</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MN 264726 (BJFC -R 03458 (IBAR 07744)), MN 264727 (BJFC -R 03459 (IBAR 10130)); LSU: MN 264744 (BJFC -R 03458 (IBAR 07744)), MN 264745 (BJFC -R 03459 (IBAR 10130)).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Originally described as Caeoma warburgiana based on specimens from China and later transferred to Kuehneola (Ono 2012), this species causes systemic infections resulting in witches’ brooms. Molecular phylogenetic analysis clearly places it within Phragmidium (Liu et al. 2020; Fig. 1), necessitating the new combination P. warburgianum . It shares type 2 spermogonia (Cummins and Hiratsuka 2003) with P. leucoaecium but differs in having aeciospores with regular circular verrucae (vs. irregularly elongated verrucae in P. leucoaecium).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/384B0552CA305079884BEA2A2365121C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
87781CFB0B3458AA8F2BA61FAE10C95E.text	87781CFB0B3458AA8F2BA61FAE10C95E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium xinjiangense Y. M. Liang, Ning Jiang & Yun Liu 2026	<div><p>Phragmidium xinjiangense Y. M. Liang, Ning Jiang &amp; Yun Liu sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 3</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ xinjiangense ” refers to Xinjiang, the geographic locality where the type specimen was collected.</p><p>Type.</p><p>China, • Xinjiang, Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Bole City, Haritureg National Forest Park, on Rosa laxa Retz, 18 Jul. 2017, Yingmei Liang and Yun Liu (holotype BJFC -R 03250) .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia not seen. Uredinia hypophyllous, orange-yellow, scattered or clustered, rounded, 0.1–0.2 mm diam; paraphyses peripheral, incurved, hyaline, 37–58 × 13–17 μm; urediniospores ellipsoid to globose, hyaline to orange-yellow, 16–23 × 16–19 μm, wall 1–2 μm thick, densely echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, pulverulent, black, scattered or clustered, sometimes mixed with uredinia, rounded, 0.4–0.6 mm diam.; teliospores cylindrical to fusiform, dark brown, 7–10 - celled (occasionally six or 11), 47–72 × 19–24 μm, wall ca. 1 μm thick, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae 2–7 μm long; pedicels 71–94 × 11–14 μm, weakly swollen at lower half.</p><p>Additional specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Xinjiang, Altay Prefecture, Altay City, Xiaodonggou, on Rosa rugosa Thunb., 12 Jul. 2017, Yingmei Liang and Yun Liu (BJFC -R 03213, BJFC -R 03214, BJFC -R 03220, BJFC -R 03221) ; on Rosa xanthina Lindl., 13 Jul. 2017, Yingmei Liang and Yun Liu (BJFC -R 03224) ; • Xizang, Nyingchi City, Bayi District, Lulang Town, 25 Jul. 2016, Yingmei Liang and Jing Cao (BJFC -R 02456) .</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MW 729614 (BJFC -R 03213), MW 729615 (BJFC -R 03214), MW 729616 (BJFC -R 03220), (BJFC -R 03221), MW 729618 (BJFC -R 03224), MW 729619 (BJFC -R 03250); LSU: MW 729536 (BJFC -R 03213), MW 729537 (BJFC -R 03214), MW 729538 (BJFC -R 03220), MW 729539 (BJFC -R 03221), MW 729540 (BJFC -R 03224), MW 729541 (BJFC -R 03250).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This fungus is morphologically characterized by 7–10 - celled teliospores (47–72 × 19–24 μm) with coarsely verrucose walls and apical papillae 2–7 μm long and densely echinulate urediniospores (Fig. 3). It differs from the morphologically similar P. montivagum (Wei 1988; Zhuang et al. 2012) and P. chayuensis (Liu et al. 2018; Liu 2021) in having shorter teliospores (47–72 μm vs. 69–89 μm in P. montivagum and 67–87 μm in P. chayuensis) and more teliospore cells (7–10 vs. 7–9 in both species). Phylogenetically, P. xinjiangense forms a distinct clade with strong support (ML / MP / BI = 100 / 100 / 1) (Fig. 1), confirming its status as a distinct species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/87781CFB0B3458AA8F2BA61FAE10C95E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
47B60C53B7165E748B4060D73A41F3DA.text	47B60C53B7165E748B4060D73A41F3DA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium yangiae Berndt & B. Ali	<div><p>Phragmidium yangiae Berndt &amp; B. Ali, in Ali, Sohail, Mumtaz and Berndt, Beih. Nova Hedwigia: 9 (Ali et al. 2017) as “ yangii ”</p><p>Synonyms.</p><p>Phragmidium longissima Y. M. Liang &amp; T. Yang, in Yang, Chang, Cao, Tian, Zhao &amp; Liang, Phytotaxa 217 (2): 186.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia not seen. Uredinia hypophyllous, 0.05–0.2 mm diam.; urediniospores 20–26 × 18–21 μm, densely echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, black; teliospores 9–11 - celled, 85–122 × 21–30 μm, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae 2.5–5.5 μm long; pedicels 65–111 × 11–17 μm, swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>• Yunnan, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Lanping Bai and Pumi Autonomous County, Luoguqing Primary Forest, on Rosa lichiangensis Yu et Ku., 19 Sept. 2011, Ting Yang (Holotype BJFC -R 00338) .</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MN 264725 (BJFC -R 00338); LSU: MN 264743 (BJFC -R 00338).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The species is characterized by 9–11 - celled teliospores (85–122 × 21–30 μm) and densely echinulate urediniospores. Phylogenetically, it forms a well-supported clade within Phragmidium (Fig. 1), distinct from other species on Rosa .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/47B60C53B7165E748B4060D73A41F3DA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
AD5ED05609A656008ABF5D332E5EBB73.text	AD5ED05609A656008ABF5D332E5EBB73.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium zangdongii Y. M. Liang & Yun. Liu	<div><p>Phragmidium zangdongii Y. M. Liang &amp; Yun. Liu, Mycological Progress 17 (8): 967–988. 2018</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and uredinia not seen. Aecia hypophyllous, up to 12 mm long; aeciospores 20–23 × 17–19 μm, echinulate. Telia hypophyllous, black, 0.2–0.4 mm diam.; teliospores 11–13 - celled, 82–110 × 23–31 μm, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae up to 10 μm long; pedicels 132–152 × 14–16 μm, swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Xizang, Tibetan Plateau Ecological Observation Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, on Rosa tibetica Yu et Ku, 24 Jul. 2016, Yingmei Liang and Jing Cao (BJFC -R 02447, BJFC -R 03013) .</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MH 128372 (BJFC -R 02447), MH 128373 (BJFC -R 03013); LSU: MG 669108 (BJFC -R 02447), MG 669109 (BJFC -R 03013).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Described from Xizang, China, on Rosa tibetica (Liu et al. 2018), this species is notable for its 11–13 - celled teliospores (82–110 × 23–31 μm) and the development of uredinia on fruits — an unusual trait in the genus (Liu 2021). It resembles P. fusiforme and P. rosae - lichiangensis in teliospore cell number but differs in having cylindrical teliospores (vs. fusiform in P. fusiforme) and longer pedicels (132–152 μm vs. 65–111 μm in P. rosae - lichiangensis). Phylogenetic analysis places it in a well-supported clade (Fig. 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD5ED05609A656008ABF5D332E5EBB73	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
094473B3622157E5A264687842739D72.text	094473B3622157E5A264687842739D72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmidium zhouquense Y. M. Liang & T. Yang	<div><p>Phragmidium zhouquense Y. M. Liang &amp; T. Yang, Phytotaxa 217 (2): 185. 2015</p><p>Description.</p><p>Spermogonia and uredinia not seen. Aecia amphigenous, 0.5–1.5 mm diam.; aeciospores 13–20 × 13–16 μm, annulate. Telia hypophyllous, brown, 0.5–2.5 mm diam.; teliospores 6–8 - celled, 67–103 × 32–39 μm, coarsely verrucose, apical papillae 3.5–6 μm long; pedicels 80–160 × 14–24 μm, swollen at base.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China, • Yunnan, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Shangri-La City, Nixi Village, on Rosa omeiensis Rolfe., 23 Jul. 2016, Yingmei Liang, Jing Cao (BJFC -R 02390, BJFC -R 02395) ; • Gansu, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Zhouqu County, Zhouqu Hanban Forest Farm, 20 Aug. 2014, Yingmei Liang, Bin Cao (BJFC -R 01516, BJFC -R 01529) ; • Xizang, Nyingchi City, Bayi District, Kadingou Scenic Area, on R. mairei Levl., 23 Jul. 2016, Yingmei Liang and Bin Cao (BJFCR 02412) .</p><p>GenBank numbers.</p><p>ITS: MN 264728 (BJFC -R 01516), MN 264729 (BJFC -R 01529), MW 729620 (BJFC -R 02390), MW 729621 (BJFC -R 02395), MW 729622 (BJFC -R 02412); LSU: MN 264746 (BJFC -R 01516), MN 264747 (BJFC -R 01529), MW 729542 (BJFC -R 02390), MW 729543 (BJFC -R 02395), MW 729544 (BJFC -R 02412).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>First described from Gansu, China, on Rosa omeiensis (Yang et al. 2015), this species is characterized by 6–8 - celled teliospores (67–103 × 32–39 μm) and aeciospores with annulate surface ornamentation (Liu 2021). Although its teliospores resemble those of P. mucronatum, the urediniospores lack a pore membrane and bear annulate ornamentation (vs. having a pore membrane and being echinulate in P. mucronatum). Phylogenetic analysis reveals a well-supported sister relationship with P. cinnamomeum (Fig. 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/094473B3622157E5A264687842739D72	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Liu, Yun;Zhao, Zelin;Du, Zhimin;Xing, Xiuhan;Jiang, Ning;Ono, Yoshitaka;Liang, Yingmei	Liu, Yun, Zhao, Zelin, Du, Zhimin, Xing, Xiuhan, Jiang, Ning, Ono, Yoshitaka, Liang, Yingmei (2026): Diversity and taxonomy of Phragmidium on Rosa in China, with descriptions of two new species. MycoKeys 138: 163-191, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.138.201984
