identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
88E0DA4EABCB5625A75039A57B0380D9.text	88E0DA4EABCB5625A75039A57B0380D9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Unilatus humboldtii Branches & Muriel-Cunha & Domingues 2021	<div><p>Unilatus humboldtii sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1–10</p><p>Description.</p><p>Based on 17 specimens mounted in Hoyer’s. Body fusiform, 459 (200–550; n = 5) long, excluding haptor, 140 (70–175; n = 10) wide at level of germarium; tegument smooth (Fig. 1). Cephalic area with terminal lobes, poorly developed or absent, bilateral head organs present, three to four pairs, with rod-shaped secretion; cephalic glands unicellular, posterolateral to pharynx. Eyespot, accessory chromatic granules absent. Mouth, subterminal, midventral; pharynx muscular, glandular, spherical, 25 (16–32; n = 6) long, 24 (15–31; n = 6) wide; esophagus elongate; two intestinal ceca, confluent posteriorly to gonads, lacking diverticula. Genital pore opening dextroventral, near median line of body at level of cecal bifurcation; genital atrium muscular. Intercecal gonads apparently overlapping, testis not observed. Vas deferens looping left intestinal cecum; seminal vesicle representing a dilation of vas deferens, distal portion looping posteriorly before entering base of male copulatory organ (MCO). Copulatory complex comprising MCO sclerotized, accessory piece. MCO spiral, 88 (71–103; n = 7) long, with approximately 16–18 coils, non-articulated to accessory piece, base with sclerotized edge, median distal portion bulbous (Fig. 2). Accessory piece comprising sinuous rod, distal portion with subterminal flap with hook, thumb, guiding distal portion of MCO, 86 (82–90; n = 3) long. Single prostatic reservoir saccate, anterior to the base of MCO, 20 (n = 1) largest diameter, 17 (n = 1) smallest diameter. Germarium elongate, 53 (n = 1) long, 25 (n = 1) wide. Mehlis’ glands, ootype not observed. Vagina single, opening ventrally (dextral) at level of proximal portion of germarium; vaginal vestibule muscular; vaginal canal sclerotized, funnel-shaped, elongate. Seminal receptacle subspherical, at level of anterior margin of germarium, ventral. Vitellaria dense, coextensive with intestinal ceca. Egg ovate, elongate, 62 (54–69; n = 3) long excluding filament, 34 (31–41; n = 3) wide (Fig. 3); proximal filament comprising twice size of the egg. Haptor subtrapezoidal, 126 (60–140; n = 8) long, 92 (55–120; n = 7) wide. Anchors dissimilar, in tandem, (both) on dorsal side of haptor. Anterior anchor, 69 (65–75; n = 9) long, anchor base, 40 (38–45; n = 9) long, with superficial root straight and elongated, distal portion depressed; inconspicuous or reduced deep root; shaft elongate, uniformly curved; point short, slightly curved surpassing level of tip of superficial root (Fig. 6). Accessory structures (one pair) associated with anterior anchor (Fig. 1). Posterior anchor, 55 (46–60; n = 11) long, anchor base, 20 (19–23; n = 11) long (excluding sclerotized cap of base), with superficial, deep roots not differentiated; anchor base covered with sclerotized cap with a small protuberance for articulation of posterior bar; shaft uniformly curved; point short, slightly curved, surpassing level of superficial root (Figs 7, 10). Filament of anterior anchor extends from anterior portion of shaft to its median portion; filament of posterior anchor extends from base of sclerotized cap to anterior portion of shaft. Anterior bar curly bracket-shaped with posterior median projection, 48 (36–55; n = 11) long, 15 (14–19; n = 9) wide, with rounded ends (Fig. 4); posterior bar open-V shaped, with small median anterior expansion, anteriorly curved ends, 121 (106–138; n = 7) long, 16 (11–22; n = 10) wide (Fig. 5). Hooks similar in shape, with erect, thumb; shaft fusiform, short, slightly curved, 15 (12–17; n = 10) long; hook pair 1 39 (32–44; n = 9) long (Fig. 8) with posterior portion of shank inflated, comprising 2 / 3 of hook length; remaining hooks with non-inflated shanks (Fig. 9).</p><p>Type host.</p><p>Pseudacanthicus sp. ( Loricariidae: Hypostominae).</p><p>Site of infection.</p><p>Gill filaments.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Volta Grande, Xingu River (Amazon Basin; Amazonas, Xingu, Iriri, Paru Sub-basin), municipality of Altamira, Pará, Brazil (03 ° 21 ’ 15.7 ” S; 52 ° 11 ’ 47.5 ” W).</p><p>Prevalence.</p><p>67 % of three hosts specimen examined.</p><p>Mean intensity.</p><p>10 parasites per infected host specimen.</p><p>Other records.</p><p>Baryancistrus niveatus (prevalence: 50 % in two hosts; mean intensity: 1); P. armbrusteri (prevalence: 33 % in three hosts; mean intensity: 3); S. aureatus (prevalence: 25 % in four hosts; mean intensity: 10), Volta Grande, Xingu River (Amazon Basin; Amazonas, Xingu, Iriri, Paru Sub-basin), municipality of Altamira, Pará, Brazil (03 ° 21 ’ 15.7 ” S; 52 ° 11 ’ 47.5 ” W).</p><p>Specimens deposited.</p><p>Holotype, MPEG 00300; 6 Paratypes, MPEG 00301–00306; 15, vouchers, MPEG 00307–00321.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species is named after Alexander von Humboldt in celebration of his 250 th birthday anniversary in 2019.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Unilatus humboldtii sp. nov. resembles U. brittani Mizelle, Kritsky &amp; Crane, 1968 due to the morphological similarities of the anterior bar. However, the new species is distinguished from U. brittani morphologically and morphometrically since it has an anterior anchor with well-developed superficial root with depressed or truncated distal portion, inconspicuous or reduced deep root, anterior bar with posteromedial projection; hooks of pair 1 with dilated shaft comprising 2 / 3 of the hook length, and MCO spiral with approximately 16–18 coils.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/88E0DA4EABCB5625A75039A57B0380D9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Branches, Bárbara;Muriel-Cunha, Janice;Domingues, Marcus Vinícius	Branches, Bárbara, Muriel-Cunha, Janice, Domingues, Marcus Vinícius (2021): Two new species of monogenoidean parasites (Platyhelminthes: Neodermata) of ornamental fish of Loricariidae (Siluriformes) from the Xingu River, Brazilian Amazon. Zoologia 38: 1-10, DOI: 10.3897/zoologia.38.e65471
F720C960E3CE5A5FB30B01E743D09E4D.text	F720C960E3CE5A5FB30B01E743D09E4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Unilatus luciarappae Branches & Muriel-Cunha & Domingues 2021	<div><p>Unilatus luciarappae sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 11–19</p><p>Description.</p><p>Based on 13 specimens, 11 mounted in Hoyer’s medium, two mounted in Gomori´s trichrome. Body fusiform, 279 (175–385; n = 6) long, excluding haptor, 76 (50–100; n = 7) wide at level of germarium; tegument smooth (Fig. 11). Cephalic area with terminal lobes, poorly developed or absent; bilateral head organs present, three pairs, with rod-shaped secretion; cephalic glands not observed in studied specimens. Eyespots, accessory chromatic granules absent. Mouth subterminal, midventral; pharynx muscular, spherical, 19 (17–22; n = 9) in diameter; esophagus elongated; two intestinal ceca, confluent posteriorly to gonads, lacking diverticula. Genital pore, opening dextroventral, near median line of body at level of cecal bifurcation; genital atrium muscular. Intercecal gonads apparently overlapping, testis not observed. Vas deferens looping left intestinal cecum; seminal vesicle representing a dilation of vas deferens, distal portion looping posteriorly before entering base of MCO. Copulatory complex comprising sclerotized MCO, accessory piece. MCO spiral, 103 (89–120; n = 11) long, counterclockwise, with approximately 18–19 coils, non-articulated to accessory piece, base with sclerotized edge, median distal portion bulbous, final distal portion tapered (Fig. 12). Accessory piece 72 (43–100; n = 6) long, straight or slightly sinuous rod, comprising approximately 2 / 3 of MCO length; distal portion of accessory piece with subterminal two small flaps, guiding distal portion of MCO. Single prostatic reservoir, saccate, anterior to base of MCO, 22 (n = 1) largest diameter, 13 (n = 1) smallest diameter. Germarium fusiform, 37 (n = 1) long, 15 (n = 1) wide. Mehlis’ glands, ootype not observed. Vagina single, opening ventrally (dextral) at level of vitelline commissure; vaginal vestibule muscular; vaginal canal heavily sclerotized, sigmoid, with a loop in distal portion. Seminal receptacle subspherical, at level of anterior margin of germarium, ventral. Vitelline follicles dense. Egg ovate elongate, 62 (55–68; n = 4) long excluding filament, 29 (25–33; n = 4) wide (Fig. 13). Egg filament comprising twice the size of the egg. Haptor trapezoidal, 77 (55–105; n = 4) long, 49 (25–75; n = 5) wide. Anchors dissimilar, in tandem, (both) on dorsal side of haptor. Anterior anchor, 30 (30–32; n = 11) long, anchor base, 19 (16–20; n = 11) long (Fig. 16), with superficial root straight, elongate, distal portion round; inconspicuous or reduced deep root; slightly curved shaft; point elongate, extending to level of superficial root, tapered; filament of anterior anchor extends from deep root to median portion of shaft. Accessory structures (one pair) associated with anterior anchor (Fig. 11). Posterior anchor 37 (35–40; n = 9) long, anchor base 13 (12–14; n = 9) long (Figs 18–19) with superficial, deep roots not differentiated; anchor base covered with sclerotized layer with a small protuberance for articulation of posterior bar; shaft, point uniformly curved, point extending beyond level of tip of superficial root; filament of posterior anchor in anterior portion of shaft. Anterior bar open-V shaped, 33 (27–41; n = 8) long, 4 (3–5; n = 8) wide, with round ends (Fig. 15); posterior bar open-V shaped, 71 (61–81; n = 7) long, 8 (7–10; n = 8) wide, with tapered, rounded ends (Fig. 14). Hooks similar in shape, 11 (10–12; n = 11) long, with erect thumb, short, slightly curved shaft, shank divided into two subunits; hook filament not observed (Fig. 17).</p><p>Type host.</p><p>Panaque armbrusteri ( Loricariidae: Hypostominae).</p><p>Site of infection.</p><p>Gill filaments.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Volta Grande, Xingu River (Amazon Basin; Amazonas, Xingu, Iriri, Paru Sub-basin), municipality of Altamira, Pará, Brazil (03 ° 21 ’ 15, 7 ” S; 52 ° 11 ’ 47, 5 ” W).</p><p>Prevalence.</p><p>67 % of three hosts examined.</p><p>Mean intensity.</p><p>20 parasites per infected host.</p><p>Specimens deposited.</p><p>Holotype, MPEG 00322; 12 Paratypes, MPEG 00323–00334.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species is named in honor of Dra Lucia Rapp of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Brazil, in recognition of her contribution to the knowledge of loricariid diversity.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Unilatus luciarappae sp. nov. resembles U. brittani by to the morphology of the anterior anchor / bar complex. However, U. luciarappae sp. nov. is distinguished by having a posterior anchor with shaft and uniformly recurved point, and posterior bar with tapered ends, while U. brittani has a posterior anchor with a slightly curved shaft and long and straight point, as well as a posterior bar with expanded and rounded ends. These species can also be differentiated by the ratio of the distance from the proximal portion of the MCO to the dilation of the MCO and the distance from the dilation of the MCO to the distal end of the MCO ( Unilatus luciarappae sp. nov. 1: 2; U. brittani 1: 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F720C960E3CE5A5FB30B01E743D09E4D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Branches, Bárbara;Muriel-Cunha, Janice;Domingues, Marcus Vinícius	Branches, Bárbara, Muriel-Cunha, Janice, Domingues, Marcus Vinícius (2021): Two new species of monogenoidean parasites (Platyhelminthes: Neodermata) of ornamental fish of Loricariidae (Siluriformes) from the Xingu River, Brazilian Amazon. Zoologia 38: 1-10, DOI: 10.3897/zoologia.38.e65471
