identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
E1A9F4224A345DF7A96BCD063C35A27B.text	E1A9F4224A345DF7A96BCD063C35A27B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Crossorhombus pescadores Amaoka & Su & Ho 2026	<div><p>Crossorhombus pescadores sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 3, 4; Table 1</p><p>New English name:</p><p>Pescadores flounder</p><p>New Chinese name:</p><p>澎湖纓鮃</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>• NMMB-P 42260, 99.8 mm SL, male, off Chi-Kan, Baisha, Penghu Islands, Taiwan Strait, Western Pacific Ocean, ca 10–30 m, 9 May 2024.</p><p>Paratypes.</p><p>• NMMB-P 42261, 57.5 mm SL, male; HUMZ 237066, 74.8 mm SL, male; NMMB-P 42262, 58.0 mm SL, female, same as type locality, 14 June 2023; • NMMB-P 42263, 92.4 mm SL, female, collected with holotype .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific name “pescadores” is the old name of the type locality, meaning “ fishermen ” in Portuguese. It is treated as a noun in apposition.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>A species of Crossorhombus differing from its congeners in having: caudal fin with light-gray band along posterior sub-margin; a pair of small black spots on band at upper and lower fourth rays, respectively; a bluish-black, horizontal triangular marking on blind side of body in male; a series of dark blotches along dorsal and ventral margins of body; combination of some meristic and proportional characters: large head; small upper and lower eyes; slightly longer pectoral-fin on ocular side; fewer dorsal- and anal- fin rays and fewer scales in lateral line and others.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Counts and body proportions in SL and HL are shown in Table 1.</p><p>Data of percent of SL for the holotype are presented, followed by those for the paratypes in parentheses. Head length 24.6 (25.4–26.7); body depth 60.1 (57.4–60.2); snout length 5.5 (4.5–6.6); upper-eye diameter 7.4 (6.9–7.8); lower-eye diameter 7.1 (6.5–7.9); interorbital width 13.1 (8.4–8.9 in males, 6.7–7.2 in females); upper-jaw length 7.4 (6.7–8.4) on ocular side, 5.6 (6.5–7.2) on blind side; lower-jaw length 10.0 (9.9–11.6) on ocular side, 11.0 (9.9–12.1) on blind side; depth of caudal peduncle 13.3 (12.2–14.1); pectoral-fin length 36.1 (26.3–37.4 in males, 25.6–26.7 in females) on ocular side, 15.9 (12.2–16.7) on blind side; pelvic-fin length 12.5 (11.2–13.3) on ocular side, 13.3 (10.7–12.5) on blind side; length of pelvic-fin base 11.3 (9.6–11.8) on ocular side, 5.8 (3.9–6.2) on blind side; length of longest dorsal-fin ray 12.0 (12.3–15.4); length of longest anal-fin ray 12.2 (12.3–15.4); length of middle ray of caudal-fin 20.9 (19.3–24.7).</p><p>Body deep and compressed, deepest at a little anterior of middle body, and deeper than half of SL; depth of caudal peduncle 4.5 (4.3–4.7 in paratypes) in body depth. Anterior profile of head steep after deeply concaved before upper margin of lower eye. Head small, a little shorter (longer in paratypes) than 1 / 4 of SL. Snout protruded, remarkably shorter than eyes. Short spine at tip of snout (spine present in male and absent in female) (Figs 2: A 1 – C 1, 3 A, B). Eyes small, anterior margin (middle in female) of upper eye over posterior margin of lower eye, both separated by wide and concaved space (Figs 2: A 1 – C 1, 3 A, B); interorbital space 1.88 in HL (3.0– 3.02 in males, 3.69–3.9 in females).</p><p>Mouth small, upper jaw about equal to eye diameter, posterior end of maxillary extending to anterior margin of lower eye. Teeth on upper jaw in 2 rows, outer row stronger and more spaced than inner ones; those on lower jaw 1 row, about similar to inner teeth on upper jaw; teeth on ocular side stronger and longer than those on blind side. Gill rakers short, blunt, and smooth on posterior margin; no gill rakers on upper limb. Scales on ocular side comb-like ctenoid with a series of long spines along posterior margin (Fig. 4), cycloid on blind side. Lateral line on ocular side strongly curved above pectoral fin, lateral line on blind side absent.</p><p>Dorsal fin originating at blind side of snout, anal fin below posterior margin of head, both fins longest at near middle of body. Pectoral fin on ocular side filamentous on upper rays, longest ray longer than head, about 1.5 times of HL (1.0– 1.5 in males, 1.0 in females), that on blind side small and short, about half of head. Origin of pelvic fin on ocular side at tip of isthmus, and below middle of lower eye, that on blind side opposite to fifth ray on ocular side. Posterior margin of caudal fin round, upper 2 and lower 3 rays simple (3 and 3), others branched (Fig. 3 C – F). Anus opens on blind side above origin of anal fin, genital papilla on opposite side of body.</p><p>Caudal skeleton composed of expanded last neural and haemal spines and 4 plates (1 st to 4 th from upper) of hypurals between these spines; outer 2 plates with grooves from distal to basal, and inner 2 plates clearly divided at distal half (Fig. 3 D, F); last neural spine with 1 simple ray, 1 st plate with 1 simple ray (2 in all paratypes) and 1 branched ray (1), 2 nd plate with 5 branched rays (5), 3 rd plate with 4 branched rays (4), 4 th plate with 1 branched rays (1) and 2 simple ray (2), and last haemal spine with 1 simple ray.</p><p>Coloration.</p><p>When preserved, body on ocular side dark brownish with a series of dark round blotches along dorsal and ventral sub-margins of body (Figs 1 A, 2: A 1 – C 1); an obscure dark blotch at origin, middle, and near base of caudal fin on straight portion of lateral line; dorsal and anal fins pale, scattered with dark specks on each ray; caudal fin with indistinct pale dark band and spots along posterior sub-margin, and with a small distinctly black spot on respective 4 th ray from upper and lower (Figs 1, 2: A 1 – C 1, 3 C, E). Body on blind side with horizontal triangular bluish-black marking, and anterior portion of marking with wings extending to bases of dorsal and anal fins, and remaining portion not to bases of their fins and caudal fin; anterior central part of the marking extending forward to reach above base of pectoral fin on blind side (Fig. 1 B). A thin and small vertical bluish black stripe extending upward from near the rear tip of each jaw (uniformly yellowish white without any bluish-black marking and with or without a faint stripe in young male and female; Figs 1 B, 2: A 2 – C 2).</p><p>Key to species of Crossorhombus</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E1A9F4224A345DF7A96BCD063C35A27B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Amaoka, Kunio;Su, Yo;Ho, Hsuan-Ching	Amaoka, Kunio, Su, Yo, Ho, Hsuan-Ching (2026): A new lefteye flounder of the genus Crossorhombus (Teleostei, Bothidae) from Penghu Islands, western Taiwan. ZooKeys 1273: 15-25, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1273.167628
