identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
27F8C3BB10E65CCA8810F65D61BFCFFB.text	27F8C3BB10E65CCA8810F65D61BFCFFB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dictyosporium Corda 1836	<div><p>Dictyosporium Corda, Weitenweber’s Beitr. Nat. 1: 87 (1837)</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Dictyosporium was proposed by Corda (1836) with D. elegans designated as the type species. Species of Dictyosporium are distributed across the globe in both freshwater and terrestrial habitats, functioning as saprobes and frequently found on decaying wood, plant litter, and in soil (Van Emden 1975; Boonmee et al. 2016; Yang et al. 2018; Zhang et al. 2023). To date, a total of 91 species has been recorded within this genus (Index Fungorum 2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/27F8C3BB10E65CCA8810F65D61BFCFFB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zou, Shi-Ping;Xiao, Yuan-Pin;Tang, Qiu-Yuan;Chen, Yu-Bi;Lu, Yong-Zhong;Liu, Ning-Guo;Bao, Dan-Feng;Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan	Zou, Shi-Ping, Xiao, Yuan-Pin, Tang, Qiu-Yuan, Chen, Yu-Bi, Lu, Yong-Zhong, Liu, Ning-Guo, Bao, Dan-Feng, Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan (2026): Two new saprobic species of Helicosporium and Dictyosporium and a new host record of Neohelicomyces guizhouensis isolated from Phellodendron amurense (Rutaceae, Tracheophyta) in China. MycoKeys 127: 47-71, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.127.175758
B02086B7AC535678B33B6E7F31AC07BD.text	B02086B7AC535678B33B6E7F31AC07BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dictyosporium phellodendri S. P. Zou, Y. P. Xiao & Y. Z. Lu 2026	<div><p>Dictyosporium phellodendri S. P. Zou, Y. P. Xiao &amp; Y. Z. Lu sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 5</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ phellodendri ” refers to the host genus name “ Phellodendron ” from which the fungus was isolated.</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>HKAS 149888.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on dead wood of Phellodendron amurense . Sexual morph Undetermined. Asexual morph Hyphomycetous. Colonies on natural substrate forming sporodochial conidiomata, superficial, punctiform, scattered, black, glistening. Mycelium immersed, pale to brown. Conidiophores 3–5 μm wide, micronematous, simple, aseptate, cylindrical, hyaline to pale brown, thin-walled. Conidiogenous cells 5–8 × 3–6 μm (x ̄ = 6.3 × 4.7 μm, n = 10), holoblastic, hyaline or pale brown, cylindrical. Conidia 17–44 × 15–27 μm (x ̄ = 30 × 21 μm, n = 30), acrogenous, cheiroid, complanate, smooth-walled, pale brown or pale yellow, mostly consisting of four closely adpressed rows of cells, rarely with three or five rows, 33–38 × 4–6 μm (x ̄ = 35.5 × 5.5 μm, n = 30), 4–10 - euseptate in each row, with hyaline, tubular, elongated apical appendages arising from two outer rows, 13–58 × 3–6 μm (x ̄ = 32.9 × 4.2 μm, n = 15).</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Conidia produce germ tubes on PDA within 18 hours of incubation at 25 ° C. Colonies on PDA are circular, with a flat surface and entire edge, reaching a diameter about 28 mm after 39 days of incubation at 25 ° C. The colony appears white on the top view, while the reverse side with pale grey centre and yellow edge.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>China • Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, Anshun City, Xixiu District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.11667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.271389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.11667/lat 26.271389)">Yaowang Valley</a>, 26°16'17"N, 106°7′0"E, on the rotting branch of Phellodendron amurense, 15 October 2024, Shi-Ping Zou, HBYWGC 13 (HKAS 149888, holotype), ex-type culture GZCC 25-0522 • Ibid., HBYWGC 25 (149889), living culture GZCC 25-0523 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>In the phylogenetic analysis, Dictyosporium phellodendri (GZCC 25-0522 and GZCC 25-0523) formed a sister clade to D. muriformis with 80 % ML / 0.98 PP (Fig. 2), but D. muriformis, possesses smaller conidia (20–30 × 11–14.5 μm vs. 26–32 × 15–25 μm), darker pigmentation (median brown vs. pale brown or pale yellow) and the absence of appendages (Hyde et al. 2020). Morphologically, D. phellodendri is most similar to D. alatum (ATCC 34953) in conidial shape. However, it is distinguished by its larger conidia (17–44 × 15–27 μm vs. 26–32 × 15–25 μm), paler colouration and 4–10 septa per row (Van Emden 1975). Furthermore, comparisons of sequences between D. phellodendri and D. alatum (ATCC 34953) revealed differences in the ITS region of 13 % (64 / 507 bp, including 11 gaps) and in the LSU region of 3 % (18 / 573 bp, with 4 gaps). We, therefore, designated our collections as a new species, based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B02086B7AC535678B33B6E7F31AC07BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zou, Shi-Ping;Xiao, Yuan-Pin;Tang, Qiu-Yuan;Chen, Yu-Bi;Lu, Yong-Zhong;Liu, Ning-Guo;Bao, Dan-Feng;Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan	Zou, Shi-Ping, Xiao, Yuan-Pin, Tang, Qiu-Yuan, Chen, Yu-Bi, Lu, Yong-Zhong, Liu, Ning-Guo, Bao, Dan-Feng, Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan (2026): Two new saprobic species of Helicosporium and Dictyosporium and a new host record of Neohelicomyces guizhouensis isolated from Phellodendron amurense (Rutaceae, Tracheophyta) in China. MycoKeys 127: 47-71, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.127.175758
62429C698BC85A47960040500E1D39D3.text	62429C698BC85A47960040500E1D39D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helicosporium Nees	<div><p>Helicosporium Nees, Syst. Pilze (Würzburg): 68 (1816) [1816–17]</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Helicosporium, one of the three earliest described helicosporous genera ( Helicoma, Helicomyces and Helicosporium) (Link 1809; Nees 1817; Corda 1837), was established by Nees (1817) with H. vegetum as the type species. To date, 118 species are recorded in the Index Fungorum (2025). However, based on combined morphological and molecular evidence, only about 32 species are currently accepted in this genus (Lu et al. 2018 b; Xiao et al. 2023; Ma et al. 2024 b; Bai et al. 2025; Peng et al. 2025; Sun et al. 2025). Amongst these, sexual morphs have been confirmed for only five species: H. flavum, H. sexuale, H. vegetum, H. rubrum and H. multiseptatum (Boonmee et al. 2014, 2021; Brahmanage et al. 2017; Peng et al. 2025; Sun et al. 2025). Most species of Helicosporium are saprobes inhabiting freshwater and terrestrial environments, with a broad geographical distribution (Morgan-Jones and Goos 1992; Zhao et al. 2007; Lu et al. 2017 a, 2018 b, 2022; Dong et al. 2020; Boonmee et al. 2021; Hsieh et al. 2021; Xiao et al. 2023; Ma et al. 2024 b). The majority of Helicosporium species have been isolated from decaying wood of unidentified plant hosts, while H. multiseptatum as the saprobe and H. thailandicum as the pathogen obtained from Poaceae sp. and Elaeis sp. ( Arecaceae), respectively (Sun et al. 2025). In this study, we introduce a new Helicosporium species which was isolated from medicinal plants.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/62429C698BC85A47960040500E1D39D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zou, Shi-Ping;Xiao, Yuan-Pin;Tang, Qiu-Yuan;Chen, Yu-Bi;Lu, Yong-Zhong;Liu, Ning-Guo;Bao, Dan-Feng;Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan	Zou, Shi-Ping, Xiao, Yuan-Pin, Tang, Qiu-Yuan, Chen, Yu-Bi, Lu, Yong-Zhong, Liu, Ning-Guo, Bao, Dan-Feng, Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan (2026): Two new saprobic species of Helicosporium and Dictyosporium and a new host record of Neohelicomyces guizhouensis isolated from Phellodendron amurense (Rutaceae, Tracheophyta) in China. MycoKeys 127: 47-71, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.127.175758
3979AD239DE3552F8105B96E019FAFEC.text	3979AD239DE3552F8105B96E019FAFEC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helicosporium phellodendri S. P. Zou, Y. P. Xiao & Y. Z. Lu 2026	<div><p>Helicosporium phellodendri S. P. Zou, Y. P. Xiao &amp; Y. Z. Lu sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 3</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>the specific epithet “ phellodendri ” refers to the host genus name “ Phellodendron ” from which the fungus was isolated.</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>HKAS 145879.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on dead wood of Phellodendron amurense . Sexual morph Undetermined. Asexual morph Hyphomycetous, helicosporous. Colonies on natural substrate superficial, effuse, gregarious, with masses of crowded, glistening conidia, yellowish-green. Mycelium partly immersed, partly superficial, composed of pale brown to brown, branched, septate, guttulate, smooth hyphae. Conidiophores 89–97 × 4–5 μm (x ̄ = 94 × 4.5 μm, n = 20), macronematous, mononematous, erect, cylindrical, straight or broadly curved, simple or occasionally branched, septate, brown at base, paler towards the apex, thick-walled. Conidiogenous cells 9.5–10.5 × 3.5–4.8 μm (x ̄ = 10 × 4.3 μm, n = 15), holoblastic, monoblastic, integrated, intercalary, cylindrical, pale brown to brown, smooth-walled. Conidia solitary, pleurogenous, helicoid, tapering towards the ends, 10.5–12.5 μm diam. and conidial filament 1.5–2 μm wide (x ̄ = 11.5 × 1.8 μm, n = 25), 60–65 μm long (x ̄ = 63 μm, n = 25), tightly coiled 2 ½ – 3 times, not becoming loose in water, multi-septate, hyaline, smooth-walled.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Conidia produce germ tubes on PDA within 14 hours of incubation at 25 ° C. Colonies on PDA are circular, with a flat surface and entire edge, reaching a diameter of 26 mm after 36 days of incubation at 25 ° C. The colony appears dark brown to black at centre, brown at outer ring on the top view and brown on the reverse view.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>China • Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, Qingzhen City, Maige Miao and Bouyei Ethnic Township, Xiaochong Village, 26°74′N, 106°37′E, on the rotting wood of Phellodendron amurense, 1 October 2024, Shi-Ping Zou, HB-Z 17-1 (HKAS 145879, holotype), ex-type culture GZCC 25-0005 • Ibid., HB-Z 17-2 (HKAS 145878), living culture GZCC 25-0006 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Morphological examination indicated that Helicosporium phellodendri conforms to the generic concept of Helicosporium, characterised by pale yellow to yellow-green colonies on the natural woody substratum, erect setiferous cylindrical conidiophores with denticulate conidiogenous cells and hyaline to yellow-green helicoid conidia which are mainly becoming loosely coiled in water (Ma et al. 2024 b). Helicosporium phellodendri is morphologically similar to H. multidentatum, but differs in having longer conidia (105–130 μm vs. 60–65 μm), with more coils (3 ¼ – 3 ¾ vs. 2 ½ – 3). Furthermore, the conidia of H. multidentatum become loosely coiled in water, while those of H. phellodendri do not loosen (Xiao et al. 2023). Phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 1) also supports that H. phellodendri and H. multidentatum are distinct species. Strains GZCC 25-0005 and GZCC 25-0006 formed a well-supported, independent lineage within Helicosporium (Fig. 1). Helicosporium viridisporum and H. sexuale are closely related to H. phellodendri . However, H. viridisporum can be distinguished from H. phellodendri by its longer conidiophores (69–189 × 3–5 μm vs. 89–97 × 4–5 μm), denticulate conidiogenous cells and acropleurogenous, aseptate conidia (Lu et al. 2022). Helicosporium sexuale displays sexual morph (Boonmee et al. 2021), whereas, H. phellodendri exhibits asexual morph. Therefore, H. phellodendri is introduced here as a novel species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3979AD239DE3552F8105B96E019FAFEC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zou, Shi-Ping;Xiao, Yuan-Pin;Tang, Qiu-Yuan;Chen, Yu-Bi;Lu, Yong-Zhong;Liu, Ning-Guo;Bao, Dan-Feng;Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan	Zou, Shi-Ping, Xiao, Yuan-Pin, Tang, Qiu-Yuan, Chen, Yu-Bi, Lu, Yong-Zhong, Liu, Ning-Guo, Bao, Dan-Feng, Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan (2026): Two new saprobic species of Helicosporium and Dictyosporium and a new host record of Neohelicomyces guizhouensis isolated from Phellodendron amurense (Rutaceae, Tracheophyta) in China. MycoKeys 127: 47-71, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.127.175758
FAB80A6E7F0B5E3FB38C5FFF2F74DE23.text	FAB80A6E7F0B5E3FB38C5FFF2F74DE23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neohelicomyces guizhouensis J. Ma, Y. Z. Lu & K. D. Hyde	<div><p>Neohelicomyces guizhouensis J. Ma, Y. Z. Lu &amp; K. D. Hyde, MycoKeys 105: 323 (2024)</p><p>Fig. 4</p><p>Description.</p><p>Saprobic on dead wood of Phellodendron amurense . Sexual morph Undetermined. Asexual morph Hyphomycetous, helicosporous. Colonies on natural substrate superficial, effuse, gregarious, with mass of crowded conidia, white. Mycelium partly immersed, partly superficial, composed of hyaline to pale brown, branched, septate, guttulate, smooth hyphae. Conidiophores 154–175 × 4–5 μm (x ̄ = 161 × 4.5 μm, n = 20), macronematous, mononematous, erect, cylindrical, tapering towards the apex, straight or slightly flexuous, unbranched, septate, subhyaline to pale brown, thick-walled. Conidiogenous cells 11–19 × 2.5–4 μm (x ̄ = 14.5 × 3.5 μm, n = 20), holoblastic, monoblastic or polyblastic, integrated, terminal or intercalary, cylindrical, with denticles, subhyaline to pale brown, smooth-walled. Conidia solitary, acropleurogenous, helicoid, developing on tooth-like protrusion, 14–20 μm diam. and conidial filament 1.5–3 μm wide (x ̄ = 16 × 2 μm, n = 20), 94–133 μm long (x ̄ = 113 μm, n = 25), tightly coiled 3–3 ½ times, not becoming loose in water, guttulate, hyaline, smooth-walled.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Conidia produce germ tubes on PDA within 10 hours of incubation at 25 ° C. Colonies on PDA are circular, with a raised centre and undulate edge, reaching a diameter of 30 mm after 45 days of incubation at 25 ° C. The colony appears grey to pale brown on the top view, with the reverse side ranging from pale brown to brown.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>China • Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, Qingzhen City, Maige Miao and Bouyei Ethnic Township, Xiaochong Village, 26°74′N, 106°37′E, on the rotting branch of Phellodendron amurense, 1 October 2024, Shi-Ping Zou, HB-Z 15-1 (HKAS 145881), living culture GZCC 25-0007 • Ibid., HB-Z 15-2 (HKAS 145880), living culture GZCC 25-0008 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Phylogenetic analysis showed that our isolates (GZCC 25-0007 and GZCC 25-0008) grouped with N. guizhouensis (GZCC 23-0725) by strong support (ML / PP = 98 % / 0.97; Fig. 1). Pairwise comparison of the ITS, LSU, tef 1 - α and rpb 2 sequences between GZCC 25-0007 and N. guizhouensis (GZCC 23-0725) revealed minimal nucleotide differences: 5 bp / 424 bp (1.2 %, including two gaps), 3 bp / 859 bp (0.3 %, including two gaps), 2 bp / 892 bp (0.2 %, no gaps) and 2 bp / 903 bp (0.2 %, no gaps), respectively. Morphologically, our new collections share identical characteristics of conidiogenous cells and conidia with the holotype of N. guizhouensis (Ma et al. 2024 a) . Therefore, GZCC 25-0007 and GZCC 25-0008 are identified as N. guizhouensis . Neohelicomyces guizhouensis was originally described by Ma et al. (2024 a) from submerged wood in a stream in China and our study represents its first record associated with Phellodendron amurense .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FAB80A6E7F0B5E3FB38C5FFF2F74DE23	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zou, Shi-Ping;Xiao, Yuan-Pin;Tang, Qiu-Yuan;Chen, Yu-Bi;Lu, Yong-Zhong;Liu, Ning-Guo;Bao, Dan-Feng;Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan	Zou, Shi-Ping, Xiao, Yuan-Pin, Tang, Qiu-Yuan, Chen, Yu-Bi, Lu, Yong-Zhong, Liu, Ning-Guo, Bao, Dan-Feng, Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan (2026): Two new saprobic species of Helicosporium and Dictyosporium and a new host record of Neohelicomyces guizhouensis isolated from Phellodendron amurense (Rutaceae, Tracheophyta) in China. MycoKeys 127: 47-71, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.127.175758
98E12299ADBF5FF282E79876BBCF2FF2.text	98E12299ADBF5FF282E79876BBCF2FF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neohelicomyces Z. L. Luo, Bhat & K. D. Hyde	<div><p>Neohelicomyces Z. L. Luo, Bhat &amp; K. D. Hyde, Cryptog. Mycol. 38 (1): 39 (2017)</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Neohelicomyces was proposed by Luo et al. (2017) with N. aquaticus designated as the type species. To date, 30 species have been recorded in Index Fungorum (2025). All known taxa represent asexual morphs (Ma et al. 2024 a, b), except for N. sexualis, which was characterised and linked to its sexual morph, based on both morphological and molecular evidence (Sun et al. 2025). The asexual morphs of Neohelicomyces species are characterised by macronematous, mononematous, erect, septate conidiophores with holoblastic conidiogenous cells and loosely or tightly coiled helicoid conidia (Hsieh et al. 2021; Lu et al. 2022; Yang et al. 2023; Ma et al. 2024 a, b). In contrast, the sexual morph produces scattered, superficial, solitary, subglobose, light brown ascomata on natural substrates, lacking setae. Ascospores are multiseriate, narrowly cylindrical, straight to slightly curved, hyaline to pale brown, septate and rough (Sun et al. 2025). Species of Neohelicomyces are saprobic, typically inhabiting freshwater or terrestrial environments on decaying wood in Asia, Europe and North America, including records from China, Germany and Thailand (Ma et al. 2024 a; Sun et al. 2025). Only a few host plants have been documented for this genus (Ma et al. 2024 a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/98E12299ADBF5FF282E79876BBCF2FF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zou, Shi-Ping;Xiao, Yuan-Pin;Tang, Qiu-Yuan;Chen, Yu-Bi;Lu, Yong-Zhong;Liu, Ning-Guo;Bao, Dan-Feng;Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan	Zou, Shi-Ping, Xiao, Yuan-Pin, Tang, Qiu-Yuan, Chen, Yu-Bi, Lu, Yong-Zhong, Liu, Ning-Guo, Bao, Dan-Feng, Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan (2026): Two new saprobic species of Helicosporium and Dictyosporium and a new host record of Neohelicomyces guizhouensis isolated from Phellodendron amurense (Rutaceae, Tracheophyta) in China. MycoKeys 127: 47-71, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.127.175758
