taxonID	type	description	language	source
A76D20F1285F514CBB722441055EEF01.taxon	description	Figs 3, 4, Table 3	en	Wu, Yun-He, Zuo, An-Ru, Yang, Shen-Pin, Zhang, Ding-Can, Duan, Zheng-Pan, Kasyoka Kilunda, Felista, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Che, Jing (2025): Morphological and molecular data reveal one new species of the genus Xenophrys Günther, 1864 (Anura, Megophryidae) from Yunnan, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 1409-1422, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.158027
A76D20F1285F514CBB722441055EEF01.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ tongbiguanen ” is a Latinized adjective derived from the name of Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve, Yunnan Province, China, where the new species occurs. We propose the English common name “ Tongbiguanen horned toad ” and the Chinese common name “ Tóng Bì Guān Jiǎo Chán (铜壁关角蟾). ”	en	Wu, Yun-He, Zuo, An-Ru, Yang, Shen-Pin, Zhang, Ding-Can, Duan, Zheng-Pan, Kasyoka Kilunda, Felista, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Che, Jing (2025): Morphological and molecular data reveal one new species of the genus Xenophrys Günther, 1864 (Anura, Megophryidae) from Yunnan, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 1409-1422, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.158027
A76D20F1285F514CBB722441055EEF01.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Xenophrys tongbiguanensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of morphological characters: (1) body size medium, SVL 43.5 – 44.2 mm in three adult males and 54.8 – 57.6 mm in two adult females; (2) head length almost equal to width; (3) vomerine teeth prominent; (4) eye diameter less than twice as long as maximum tympanum diameter; (5) tympanum distinct, upper margin concealed by supratympanic fold; (6) tongue oval-shaped, slightly notched posteriorly; (7) tibio-tarsal articulation of straightened limb reaching between nostrils and tip of snout; (8) the heels slightly overlapping; (9) relative finger length: I <II <IV <III; (10) metacarpal tubercle absent; (11) toes with rudimentary webbing; (12) throat, chest, and anterior half of abdomen yellowish-brown with dense orange flecking and three longitudinal dark-brown stripes that one located in the middle of the throat and the other two located below the pectoral glands; (12) male with single internal vocal sac; and (13) nuptial pads in males absent.	en	Wu, Yun-He, Zuo, An-Ru, Yang, Shen-Pin, Zhang, Ding-Can, Duan, Zheng-Pan, Kasyoka Kilunda, Felista, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Che, Jing (2025): Morphological and molecular data reveal one new species of the genus Xenophrys Günther, 1864 (Anura, Megophryidae) from Yunnan, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 1409-1422, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.158027
A76D20F1285F514CBB722441055EEF01.taxon	description	Description of holotype. (measurements in Table 3): KIZ 058786, mature male, sized medium body (SVL 44.2 mm); head slightly longer than wide (HL / HW = 1.02); snout bluntly pointed in dorsal view, obtusely protruding in lateral view, notably projecting beyond lower jaw; triangular in dorsal view; top of head flat; loreal region vertical and concave; canthus rostralis distinct, sharp (Fig. 3 A); pupil diamond-shaped, vertical (Fig. 3 B); eyes large (ED / HDL 29.0 %), eye diameter less than twice as long as maximum tympanum diameter (TD / ED 52.9 %) and shorter than snout length (SNT 6.1 mm, ED / SNT 83.6 %); nares oval, laterally orientated, located much closer to eye than tip of snout (SN 3.4 mm, DNE 2.7 mm); eye-tympanum distance larger than maximum tympanum diameter (TEY / TD 114.9 %); tympanum distinct, oval-shaped, relatively small (TD / HDL 15.3 %), with upper ~ 10 % concealed by supratympanic ridge; internarial distance almost equal to interorbital distance (IND / IOD 101.8 %), and larger than width of upper eyelid (IND / UEW 131.8 %); tongue oval-shaped, slightly notched posteriorly; maxillary teeth present; vomerine teeth prominent, in two oblique series, positioned between choanae; pineal ocellus absent; single internal vocal sac, with a sac slit opening on floor of mouth at each corner (Fig. 3 A, B). Forelimbs moderately long and slender (HL / SVL 29.0 %; FHL / SVL 53.6 %); forearm not enlarged, its length shorter than the hand length (FAL / HL 70.3 %); fingers long and narrow, not flattened dorsoventrally; lateral fringes on fingers absent; finger length from shortest to longest: I <II <IV <III; tips of all fingers rounded, slightly dilated relative to digit widths, with circular pads, terminal grooves absent; no webbing between fingers; subarticular tubercle absent; supernumerary tubercle absent; inner metacarpal tubercle and outer metacarpal tubercle indistinct; nuptial pads absent (Fig. 3 E). Hindlimbs long and robust, thigh length shorter than the tibia length (THL / TL 96.6 %) but greater than the foot length (THL / FL 108.5 %); tibia length 53.6 % of SVL; foot length 47.7 % of SVL; tibio-tarsal articulation of straightened limb reaching between nostrils and tip of snout when adpressed along body; the heels slightly overlapping when the tibias are perpendicular to the body axis; toes long and slightly dorsoventrally flattened, toe length from shortest to longest: I <II <V <III <IV; tips of all toes rounded, slightly dilated, terminal grooves absent; notably expanded relative to digit widths, forming circular pads; terminal grooves absent; lateral dermal fringes on toes weak, narrow; rudimentary webbing present between all toes; subarticular tubercle absent, replaced by indistinct callous dermal ridges; supernumerary tubercle absent; inner metatarsal tubercle indistinct, oval-shaped, outer metatarsal tubercle absent (Fig. 3 F). Skin of dorsal surfaces of body, limbs, and dorsal and lateral surfaces of head primarily smooth, with scattered weakly granular; flanks with several large distinct warts (Fig. 3 A); a small pointed horn-like tubercle present on the outer edge of the upper eyelid (Fig. 3 B); supratympanic fold distinct, narrow anteriorly, slightly widening posteriorly, curves down broadly through upper tympanum, terminating above forelimbs; dorsolateral fold absent; a distinct narrow ‘ \ / ’ - shaped parietoscapular ridge present, its two sides extending posteriorly from above tympanum, terminating beyond level of axilla (Fig. 3 A); dorsal surface with distinct and irregular transverse ridges; ventral surface smooth; pectoral glands small, rounded, slightly raised, positioned on level with axilla; femoral gland distinct, located on the rear of each thigh at midpoint between knee and cloacal opening; pectoral glands slightly larger than femoral gland (Fig. 3 D, F).	en	Wu, Yun-He, Zuo, An-Ru, Yang, Shen-Pin, Zhang, Ding-Can, Duan, Zheng-Pan, Kasyoka Kilunda, Felista, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Che, Jing (2025): Morphological and molecular data reveal one new species of the genus Xenophrys Günther, 1864 (Anura, Megophryidae) from Yunnan, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 1409-1422, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.158027
A76D20F1285F514CBB722441055EEF01.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology. Currently, Xenophrys tongbiguanensis sp. nov. is known only from the type locality, Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve, Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province, China (Fig. 1). This frog inhabits flowing montane streams and the nearby forest floor in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests (Fig. 5). The frog usually perches on cardamom leaves at night, but it can be found among piles of dead leaves by the roadside on rainy days. Advertisement calls of males were heard in August. However, the breeding season is currently unclear. The sympatric species Leptobrachella ventripunctata, Zhangixalus smaragdinus, Rhacophorus rhodopus, and Limnonectes longchuanensis were also recorded.	en	Wu, Yun-He, Zuo, An-Ru, Yang, Shen-Pin, Zhang, Ding-Can, Duan, Zheng-Pan, Kasyoka Kilunda, Felista, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Che, Jing (2025): Morphological and molecular data reveal one new species of the genus Xenophrys Günther, 1864 (Anura, Megophryidae) from Yunnan, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 1409-1422, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.158027
