taxonID	type	description	language	source
BD6B87CD2626FFD0FDDCFC06FC39699C.taxon	type_taxon	Type species Brueelia rossittensis Kéler, 1936: 257	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2626FFD0FDDCFC06FC39699C.taxon	discussion	Remarks The four species described here belong to the genus Brueelia s. str., but constitute a distinct species group within this genus, characterised by the presence of a dorsal preantennal suture that reaches the ads on each side, but does not reach the lateral margin of the head (Fig. 3). Apart from Brueelia kalaharicae sp. nov., all species also have antero-lateral extensions of the gonopore (Fig. 5), which are not found in any other known species of Brueelia. The only previously known species in the genus with a dorsal preantennal suture is Brueelia phasmasoma Gustafsson & Bush, 2017, known from the Caribbean bananaquit, Coereba flaveola luteola (Cabanis, 1850). This species has a more extensive suture, which reaches both the lateral margins of the head, and the hyaline margin at the frons, thus completely encircling the dorsal preantennal plate (Gustafsson & Bush 2017: fig. 58). There seems to be no reason to assume that these two groups are closely related; it is more likely that the dorsal preantennal suture has evolved twice within Brueelia. The hosts of the three species belong to the African ‘ brown buntings’ (sensu Olsson et al. 2013), which constitute a separate radiation within the Old World emberizids (Alström et al. 2008). Apart from the species described here, we have examined material at the NHMUK from both Emberiza capensis Linnaeus, 1766, and Emberiza impetuani Smith, 1836. The specimens from both these host species are all female, and belong to the anomala species group. In the absence of males, we do not describe this material further here, but note that based on head shapes, material from each of these two hosts may represent distinct species. The African ‘ brown bunting’ radiation is closely related to the African ‘ yellow bunting’ radiation (Alström et al. 2008). Brueelia kalaharicae sp. nov. is described from a host in this radiation. In addition, we have examined a single female from E. cabanisi orientalis (Shelley, 1882), which belongs to the anomala species group. This specimen was included in the phylogeny of Bush et al. (2016: fig. 3 e, clade I- 2, specimen 55), but its placement near Brueelia spp. from fringillid and sylviid hosts was not well supported. Additional samples from emberizid hosts may help to resolve the relationships of these lice within the Brueelia - complex. Unfortunately, no male specimens have been seen; consequently, we do not describe this species here. It is likely that the anomala species group occurs throughout the African ‘ brown and yellow buntings’ radiation. The anomala species group appears to be a mainly Afro-Arabian radiation within Brueelia, and no specimen of Brueelia from other emberizids we have examined belongs to this species group. The anomala species group thus forms the second species group within Brueelia limited to mainly African hosts, the other being the clara species group (Gustafsson & Bush 2015). All species in this species group belong to the subgenus Br. (Brueelia).	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2627FFD5FD93FDAAFDC969A0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 207 E 0246 - C 6 D 4 - 4 F 2 C- 8 E 64 - D 5 BF 535 FD 24 A Figs 1 – 7	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2627FFD5FD93FDAAFDC969A0.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis Brueelia anomala sp. nov. is most similar to Brueelia saharae sp. nov. with which it shares the following characters not found in Brueelia semicingulata sp. nov.: antero-lateral extensions of gonopore reach beyond lateral margins of mesosome in B. anomala (Fig. 5) and B. saharae (Fig. 19), but do not reach lateral margins in B. semicingulata (Fig. 12); dark markings of lateral tergopleurites more extensive in B. anomala (Figs 1 – 2) and B. saharae (Figs 15 – 16) than in B. semicingulata (Figs 8 – 9); parameres more elongated in B. anomala (Fig. 6) and B. saharae (Fig. 20) than in B. semicingulata (Fig. 13). Brueelia anomala can be separated from B. saharae by the following characters: proximal mesosome rounded in B. anomala (Fig. 5), but angular and proximally widened in B. saharae (Fig. 19); gonopore with flat anterior margin in B. anomala (Fig. 5), but medianly pointed anterior margin in B. saharae (Fig. 19); male tergopleurite VII with 1 tps on each side in B. anomala (Fig. 1), but 2 tps on each side in B. saharae (Fig. 15).	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2627FFD5FD93FDAAFDC969A0.taxon	etymology	Etymology The species epithet is derived from the Greek ‘ anomalia’ for ‘ irregularity’, referring to the presence of a dorsal preantennal suture, which is unusual in the genus.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2627FFD5FD93FDAAFDC969A0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype (ex Emberiza striolata striolata) “ ARABIA ” • ♂; locality unknown; Mar. 1948; R. Meinertzhagen leg.; 17490, NHMUK 010693762; NHMUK [marked with black dot on slide]. Paratypes (ex Emberiza striolata striolata) “ ARABIA ” • 3 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; locality unknown; Mar. 1948; R. Meinertzhagen leg.; 17490, NHMUK 010693762; NHMUK.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2627FFD5FD93FDAAFDC969A0.taxon	biology_ecology	Type host Emberiza striolata striolata (Lichtenstein, 1823) – striolated bunting.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2627FFD5FD93FDAAFDC969A0.taxon	distribution	Type locality “ Arabia ”.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2627FFD5FD93FDAAFDC969A0.taxon	description	Description Both sexes Head narrowly trapezoidal (Fig. 3), lateral margins of preantennal area straight, frons flat to slightly concave. Marginal carina narrow, deeply displaced and much widened at osculum. Ventral anterior plate large, rounded triangular. Head chaetotaxy as in Fig. 3. Preantennal nodi slender, not bulging. Pre-ocular nodi larger than post-ocular nodi. Marginal temporal carina moderate, irregular. Gular plate lanceolate. Thoracic and abdominal segments as in Figs 1 – 2. Base pigmentation pale yellowish brown; posterior half of marginal carina, margins of antennal sockets, temples, anterior gular plate, proepimera, metepisterna, sternal and subgenital plates, and most of female tergopleurite IX + X medium brown; antero-lateral sections of tergopleurites medium brown as outlined by narrow lines in Figs 1 – 2. Male Thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 1; tergopleurite VII with 1 tps on each side. Basal apodeme slender (Fig. 4), slightly constricted at mid-length. Proximal mesosome gently rounded (Fig. 5). Mesosomal lobes broad, rugose area extensive in distal ends, 2 pmes sensilla on each side of gonopore. Gonopore with antero-lateral extensions reaching beyond lateral margins of mesosome, anterior margin flat. Penile arms long, reaching to distal margin of mesosome. Parameres elongated, tapering gently, pst 1 – 2 as in Fig. 6. MEASUREMENTS (n = 4). TL = 1.17 – 1.23; HL = 0.31 – 0.32; HW = 0.23 – 0.24; PRW = 0.15; PTW = 0.21 – 0.23; AW = 0.31 – 0.32. Female Thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 2. Lateral margins of anterior subgenital plate roughly parallel (Fig. 7), with moderate connection to cross-piece. Vulval margin gently rounded (Fig. 7), with 3 – 4 short, slender vms and 3 – 4 short, thorn-like vss on each side; 3 – 4 short, slender vos on each side of subgenital plate; distal 1 vos median to vss. MEASUREMENTS (n = 8). TL = 1.44 – 1.53; HL = 0.34 – 0.35; HW = 0.24 – 0.26; PRW = 0.16 – 0.17; PTW = 0.24 – 0.26; AW = 0.26 – 0.38.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2622FFDAFDB3FD8FFE2B695C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 4 F 9 F 87 E- 6872 - 4 D 71 - 91 BB- 549 F 74 E 7 C 7 A 4 Figs 8 – 14	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2622FFDAFDB3FD8FFE2B695C.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis Brueelia semicingulata sp. nov. can be separated from both B. anomala sp. nov. and B. saharae sp. nov. by the following characters: antero-lateral extensions of gonopore does not reach lateral margins of mesosome in B. semicingulata (Fig. 12), but reaches beyond lateral margins in B. anomala (Fig. 5) and B. saharae (Fig. 19); anterior margin of proximal mesosome is flat in B. semicingulata (Fig. 12), but rounded in B. anomala (Fig. 5) and irregular in B. saharae (Fig. 19); patches of dark pigmentation on lateral tergopleurites less extensive in B. semicingulata (Figs 8 – 9) than in B. anomala (Figs 1 – 2) and B. saharae (Figs 15 – 16).	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2622FFDAFDB3FD8FFE2B695C.taxon	etymology	Etymology The species epithet is derived from the Latin ‘ semi ’ for ‘ half’ and ‘ cingulatus ’ for ‘ belted’, referring to the areas of dark pigmentation that reach only half-way across the abdomen.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2622FFDAFDB3FD8FFE2B695C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype (ex Emberiza tahapisi arabica) “ ARABIA ” • ♂; locality unknown; Feb. 1948; R. Meinertzhagen leg.; 17428,17469, NHMUK 010693760; NHMUK [marked with black dot on slide]. Paratypes (ex Emberiza tahapisi arabica) “ ARABIA ” • 1 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; locality unknown; Feb. 1948; R. Meinertzhagen leg.; 17428, 17469, NHMUK 010693760; NHMUK.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2622FFDAFDB3FD8FFE2B695C.taxon	biology_ecology	Type host Emberiza tahapisi arabica (Lorenz von Liburnau & Hellmayr, 1902) – cinnamon-breasted bunting.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2622FFDAFDB3FD8FFE2B695C.taxon	distribution	Type locality “ Arabia ”.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2622FFDAFDB3FD8FFE2B695C.taxon	description	Description Both sexes Head slenderly trapezoidal (Fig. 10), lateral margins slightly convex, frons flat to slightly concave. Marginal carina slender, deeply displaced and much widened at osculum. Ventral anterior plate triangular. Head chaetotaxy as in Fig. 10. Preantennal nodi slender, not bulging. Pre-ocular nodi larger than post-ocular nodi. Marginal temporal carinae moderate, irregular. Gular plate lanceolate. Thoracic and abdominal segments as in Figs 8 – 9. Base pigmentation pale brown; posterior half of marginal carina, margins of antennal sockets, temples, anterior gular plate, proepimera, metepisterna, sternal and subgenital plates, and most of female tergopleurite IX + X medium brown; antero-lateral corners of tergopleurites medium brown as outlined by narrow lines in Figs 8 – 9. Male Thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 8; tergopleurite VII with 1 tps on each side. Basal apodeme slender (Fig. 11), constricted at mid-length. Proximal mesosome square-shaped (Fig. 12). Mesosomal lobes wide, rugose area limited to distal end, 2 pmes sensilla on each side of gonopore. Gonopore with antero-lateral extension not reaching lateral margins of mesosome, anterior margin convex medianly. Penile arms short, not reaching distal margin of mesosome. Parameres somewhat elongated, tapering gently, pst 1 – 2 as in Fig. 13. MEASUREMENTS (n = 2). TL = 1.14 – 1.17; HL = 0.31 – 0.32; HW = 0.22 – 0.23; PRW = 0.14; PTW = 0.20 – 0.22; AW = 0.29 – 0.31. Female Thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 9. Lateral margins of anterior subgenital plate parallel to slightly convex (Fig. 14), with narrow connection to cross-piece. Vulval margin convergent to blunt median point (Fig. 14), with 3 short, slender vms and 3 – 5 short, thorn-like vss on each side; 3 – 4 short, slender vos on each side of subgenital plate; distal 1 vos median to vss. MEASUREMENTS (n = 5). TL = 1.39 – 1.53; HL = 0.35 – 0.36; HW = 0.25 – 0.26; PRW = 0.16 – 0.17; PTW = 0.23 – 0.25; AW = 0.33 – 0.36.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2622FFDAFDB3FD8FFE2B695C.taxon	discussion	Remarks Pterothorax and abdominal segment II are obscured by gut content in all examined specimens, and here illustrated approximately.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD262DFFDFFD97FDEAFC1769A0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 20 B 215 F 5 - 894 A- 4 C 4 B- 8 CA 7 - 2 ADD 49 D 312 DD Figs 15 – 21	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD262DFFDFFD97FDEAFC1769A0.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis Brueelia saharae sp. nov. is most similar to B. anomala sp. nov. with which it shares the following characters not found in Brueelia semicingulata sp. nov.: antero-lateral extensions of gonopore reach beyond lateral margins of mesosome in B. anomala (Fig. 5) and B. saharae (Fig. 19), but do not reach lateral margins in B. semicingulata (Fig. 12); dark markings of lateral tergopleurites more extensive in B. anomala (Figs 1 – 2) and B. saharae (Figs 15 – 16) than in B. semicingulata (Figs 8 – 9); parameres more elongated in B. anomala (Fig. 6) and B. saharae (Fig. 20) than in B. semicingulata (Fig. 13). Brueelia saharae can be separated from B. anomala by the following characters: proximal mesosome angular and proximally widened in B. saharae (Fig. 19), but rounded in B. anomala (Fig. 5); gonopore with medianly pointed anterior margin in B. saharae (Fig. 19), but flat anterior margin in B. anomala (Fig. 5); male tergopleurite VII with 1 tps on each side in B. anomala (Fig. 1), but 2 tps on each side in B. saharae (Fig. 15).	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD262DFFDFFD97FDEAFC1769A0.taxon	etymology	Etymology The species epithet is derived from the Sahara Desert, which is the main range of the type host.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD262DFFDFFD97FDEAFC1769A0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype (ex Emberiza sahari) MOROCCO • ♂; locality unknown; Nov. 1938; R. Meinertzhagen leg.; 12071, NHMUK 010693761; NHMUK [marked with black dot on slide]. Paratypes (ex Emberiza sahari) MOROCCO • 11 ♂♂, locality unknown; Nov. 1938; R. Meinertzhagen leg.; 12071, NHMUK 010693761; NHMUK • 18 ♀♀; same data as for preceding; 12071, NHMUK 010693831; NHMUK	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD262DFFDFFD97FDEAFC1769A0.taxon	biology_ecology	Type host Emberiza sahari Levaillant, 1850 – house bunting.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD262DFFDFFD97FDEAFC1769A0.taxon	distribution	Type locality Morocco.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD262DFFDFFD97FDEAFC1769A0.taxon	description	Description Both sexes Head slenderly trapezoidal (Fig. 17), lateral margins of preantennal area slightly convex, frons flat to slightly convex. Marginal carina slender, deeply displaced and much widened at osculum. Ventral anterior plate rounded triangular. Head chaetotaxy as in Fig. 17. Preantennal nodi wide but not bulging. Pre-ocular nodi larger than post-ocular nodi. Marginal temporal carina slender, slightly irregular. Gular plate lanceolate. Thoracic and abdominal segments as in Figs 15 – 16. Base pigmentation pale brown; marginal carina, margins of antennal sockets, temples, anterior gular plate, proepimera, metepisterna, sternal and subgenital plates, and most of female tergopleurite IX + X medium brown; antero-lateral corners of tergopleurites medium brown as outlined by narrow lines in Figs 15 – 16. Male Thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 15; tergopleurite VII with 2 tps on each side. Basal apodeme short, stout (Fig. 18), slightly constricted at mid-length. Proximal mesosome pointed (Fig. 19), with narrow lateral extensions variable between specimens. Mesosomal lobes broad, rugose area extensive, 2 pmes on each side lateral to gonopore. Gonopore with antero-lateral extensions reaching beyond lateral margins of mesosome. Penile arms short, not reaching distal margin of mesosome. Parameres elongated, tapering gently, pst 1 – 2 as in Fig. 20. MEASUREMENTS (n = 12 except TL where n = 9). TL = 1.28 – 1.43; HL = 0.32 – 0.35 (0.34); HW = 0.25 – 0.27 (0.26); PRW = 0.16 – 0.17 (0.16); PTW = 0.24 – 0.27 (0.26); AW = 0.33 – 0.39 (0.36). Female Thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 16. Lateral margins of anterior subgenital plate concave to roughly parallel (Fig. 21), with narrow connection to cross-piece. Vulval margin convergent to rounded median point (Fig. 21), with 3 – 5 short, slender vms and 4 – 5 short, thorn-like vss on each side; 3 – 4 short, slender vos on each side of subgenital plate, distal 1 vos median to vss. MEASUREMENTS (n = 18). TL = 1.55 – 1.75 (1.65); HL = 0.36 – 0.38 (0.37); HW = 0.27 – 0.29 (0.28); PRW = 0.17 – 0.19 (0.18); PTW = 0.27 – 0.30 (0.29); AW = 0.39 – 0.44 (0.41).	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2628FFDCFD80FD8FFC0F692C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 240 FC 581 - D 117 - 4 C 6 C-B 749 - 46 E 40281 C 278 Figs 22 – 28	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2628FFDCFD80FD8FFC0F692C.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis Brueelia kalaharicae sp. nov. can be separated from all other species in the Br. anomala species group by the absence of antero-lateral extensions of the gonopore (Fig. 26). Females best separated by the combination of head shape (Fig. 23) and shape of the subgenital plate (Fig. 28).	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2628FFDCFD80FD8FFC0F692C.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific epithet is derived from the subspecific name of the type host species, named after the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa. This name is, in turn, derived from the Tswana words ‘ kgala’ and ‘ gadi’, meaning ‘ to become thirty’ and ‘ of large size’, respectively.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2628FFDCFD80FD8FFC0F692C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype (ex Emberiza flaviventris kalaharica) SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; Limpopo, Mopane; 660 m a. s. l.; 16 Sep. 2011; G. A. Voelker leg.; NHMUK. Paratypes (ex Emberiza flaviventris kalaharica) SOUTH AFRICA • 7 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; Limpopo, Mopane; 660 m a. s. l.; 16 Sep. 2011; G. A. Voelker leg.; PIPR.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2628FFDCFD80FD8FFC0F692C.taxon	biology_ecology	Type host Emberiza flaviventris kalaharica Roberts, 1932 – golden-breasted bunting.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2628FFDCFD80FD8FFC0F692C.taxon	distribution	Type locality Mopane, Limpopo, South Africa.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
BD6B87CD2628FFDCFD80FD8FFC0F692C.taxon	description	Description Both sexes Head slenderly trapezoidal (Fig 24), shape differing between sexes. Frons convex. Marginal carina slender, deeply displaced and much widened at osculum. Ventral anterior plate rounded posteriorly, flattened or slightly concave anteriorly. Head chaetotaxy as in Fig. 24. Preantennal nodi wide, bulging. Pre-ocular nodi much larger than post-ocular nodi. Marginal temporal carina slender, slightly irregular. Gular plate lanceolate. Thoracic and abdominal segments as in Figs 22 – 23. Base pigmentation translucent; marginal and marginal temporal carinae, margins of antennal sockets, flagellomeres II – III, anterior gular plate, proepimera, metepisterna, and anterior ends of tergopleurites pale to medium brown; sternal plates IV – VI in male and posterior half of sternal plate VI and subgenital plate in female pale brown. Male subgenital plate may by pale brown in anterior end. Male Lateral margins of preantennal area slightly convex (Fig. 24). Thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 22; tergopleurite VII with 1 tps on each side. Basal apodeme moderately wide, lateral margins concave (Fig. 25). Proximal mesosome pointed, lateral margins sinuous (Fig. 26). Mesosomal lobes broad, rugose area more or less limited to distal margin; 2 pmes on each side lateral to gonopore. Gonopore rounded anteriorly, without antero-lateral extensions. Penile arms short, not reaching distal margin of mesosome. Parameres stout (Fig. 27), tapering gently; pst 1 – 2 as in Fig. 27. MEASUREMENTS (n = 10). TL = 1.21 – 1.38 (1.29); HL = 0.32 – 0.35 (0.33); HW = 0.22 – 0.25 (0.23); PRW = 0.13 – 0.16 (0.14); PTW = 0.20 – 0.23 (0.22); AW = 0.29 – 0.34 (0.31). Female Lateral margins of preantennal area more or less straight, or only slightly convex (Fig. 23). Thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 23. Lateral margins of subgenital plate straight or slightly concave (Fig. 28), with narrow connection to cross-piece. Vulval margin bulging but rounded (Fig. 28), with 3 – 4 short, slender vms and 3 – 4 short, thorn-like vss on each side; 3 short, slender vos on each side of subgenital plate; distal 1 vos median to vss. MEASUREMENTS (n = 9, except TL n = 6, and PTW n = 8). TL = 1.48 – 1.64; HL = 0.34 – 0.39; HW = 0.25 – 0.27; PRW = 0.14 – 0.16; PTW = 0.23 – 0.28; AW = 0.34 – 0.37.	en	Gustafsson, Daniel R., Bush, Sarah E. (2025): New species group and four new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from African buntings (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 1004: 19-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955, URL: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1004.2955
