taxonID	type	description	language	source
BE4BA407FFC9BA3F079E0947FB00F98B.taxon	materials_examined	The original description of T. aphrodita noted the torsion of the penis of the single male available for analysis and it was interpreted as a possible anomaly (Gómez-Zurita & Cardoso, 2014). However, the study of a larger number of specimens for the current work has shown that this is a constant, diagnostic trait for the species (Fig. 9), making these males easily distinguishable from any other known species, including the closely allied T. atlantis, which shows only a slight lateral torsion of the penis. Newly available data also helped to recognize a larger area of distribution of the species in central Grande Terre relative to our previous knowledge (Fig. 6). Material examined: Province Sud: (1) one female, Col d’Amieu, top of hill, 21 ° 37 ’ S 165 ° 49 ’ E, 450 m, 9 February 2004, ad lucem, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (2) two females, Col d’Amieu, 3 km from gate, loc. 2, 21 ° 35.1 ’ S 165 ° 47.8 ’ E, 500 m, 6 January 2007, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (3) two females and two males, Col d’Amieu, 3.5 km from gate, loc. 3, 21 ° 35.1 ’ S, 165 ° 4 [... ’ E], 490 m, 6 Janury 2007, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (4) three females and one male, Col d’Amieu, 6.5 – 7.0 km to gate, - 21.5868 165.7738, 450 m, 14 November 2008 (one female) and 15 November 2008 (two females, male), leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (5) one male, Col d’Amieu, 7.6 km to gate, - 21.57993 165.77128, 600 m, 15 November 2008, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (6) two females and one male, Farino, Parc des Grandes Fougères, Camp de la Houe, - 21.61176 165.75406, 400 m, 13 November 2008, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (7) three males, Farino, Parc des Grandes Fougères, Aire des Araucarias, - 21.61859 165.7557, 400 m, 14 November 2008, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (8) three females and two males, Farino, Parc des Grandes Fougères, track and forest N of Pic Vincent, - 21.59929 165.77519, 670 m, 17 November 2008, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (9) six females and five males, Parc des Grandes Fougères, N of Pic Vincent, - 21.5962 165.7765, 650 m at night (two females, two males), 650 – 680 m (four females, three males), 5 November 2010, leg. M. Wanat and R. Ruta (MNHW); (10) one female and two males, Parc des Grandes Fougères, N of Pic Vincent, - 21.6006 165.7749, 680 m, 5 November 2010, at light, leg. M. Wanat and R. Ruta (MNHW); (11) one male (IBE-JGZ- 3938), Parc des Grandes Fougères, N of Pic Vincent, - 21.6006 165.7749, 680 m, 5 November 2010, at light, leg. M. Wanat and R. Ruta (IBE-JGZ); (12) three females, Parc des Grandes Fougères, Aire des Carpolepis, - 21.6152 165.7736, 550 m, 5 November 2010, leg. M. Wanat and R. Ruta (MNHW); (13) six females and four males, Parc des Grandes Fougères, N of Pic Vincent, - 21.5918 165.7745, 600 – 680 m, 6 November 2010, leg. M. Wanat and R. Ruta (MNHW); (14) four females and one male (IBE-JGZ- 3946), Parc des Grandes Fougères, N of Aire des Carpolepis, - 21.6108 165.7753, 550 – 600 m, 6 November 2010, night beating, leg. M. Wanat and R. Ruta (MNHW); (15) three females and one male, Parc des Grandes Fougères, N of Aire des Carpolepis, - 21.6095 165.7747, 550 – 600 m, 7 November 2010, leg. M. Wanat and R. Ruta (MNHW); (16) nine females and four males, Farino, Parc des Grandes Fougères, Pic Vincent track, - 21.60948 165.77459, 640 m (one female), 600 – 670 m (eight females, four males), 17 November 2008, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (17) one female (IBE-JGZ- 3942) and one male (IBE-JGZ- 3939), Farino, Parc des Grandes Fougères, Pic Vincent track, - 21.60948 165.77459, 600 – 670 m, 17 November 2008, leg. M. Wanat (IBE-JGZ). Province Nord: (1) one female and one male, Col des Roussettes, rainforest E of river, - 21.4080 165.5302, 520 m, 2 December 2010, leg. M. Wanat and R. Ruta (MNHW); (2) one female, Aoupinié, road to sawmill, 21 ° 09 ’ S 165 ° 19 ’ E, 420 – 530 m, 7 February 2004, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (3) one female, Aoupinié, gate, - 21.18144 165.28785, 900 m, 27 November 2008, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (4) one male, Aoupinié, refuge, - 21.14890 165.32348, 400 m, 29 November 2008, beating rainforest, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (5) two females and one male (one with: IBE-JGZ- 3963), Aoupinié, Goipin rd jct to gate, - 21.18140 165.28790, 850 – 900 m, 20 November 2010, leg. M. Wanat and R. Ruta (MNHW); (6) one male (IBE-JGZ- 3963), Aoupinié, Goipin rd jct to gate, - 21.18140 165.28790, 850 – 900 m, 20 November 2010, leg. M. Wanat and R. Ruta (IBE-JGZ).	en	Platania, Leonardo, Cardoso, Anabela, Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2020): Diversity and evolution of New Caledonian endemic Taophila subgenus Lapita (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 189: 1123-1154
BE4BA407FFCDBA3904670F71FDA1FC09.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: Province Sud: (1) two males, Koghi Mts., humid forest, 22 ° 11 ’ S 166 ° 30 ’ E, 450 – 600 m (one male), 500 m, ad lucem (one male), 11 February 2004, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (2) five females and one male, Mt. Koghi, 22 ° 10.7 ’ S 166 ° 30.4 ’ E, 420 – 450 m (maquis) (four females, one male), 450 – 500 m (rainforest) (one female), 16 December 2006, leg. M. Wanat and R. Dobosz (MNHW); (3) one female and one male, Koghi Mts., auberge and forest, - 22.17809 166.50569, 470 – 500 m, 24 October 2008, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (4) one female and four males (one with: IBE- JGZ- 3958), Koghi Mts., roadside, - 22.17631 166.50138, 340 m, 25 October 2008, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (5) two females and one male, Koghi Mts., rainforest, - 22.17809 166.50569, 500 – 520 m, 25 October 2008, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (6) one female (IBE-JGZ- 3943), Koghi Mts., rainforest, - 22.17809 166.50569, 500 – 520 m, 25 October 2008, leg. M. Wanat (IBE-JGZ); (7) three females and three males, Koghi Mts., rainforest, - 22.17809 166.50569, 500 – 550 m, 27 October 2008, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (8) two females, Koghi Mts., auberge to Vallee des Houps, - 22.17809 166.50569, 500 – 550 m, 3 December 2008, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); (9) two females, Koghi Mts., track to Cascade, forest, - 22.17809 166.50569, 500 – 550 m, 4 December 2008, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW). Province Nord: (1) one male (IBE-JGZ- 3954), Hienghène, parking near bridge, ruderal, 20 ° 41 ’ S 164 ° 56 ’ E, 20 m, 4 February 2004, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW). Based on the locality data of holo-, allo- and paratopotypes of this species (Samuelson, 2010) and of the specimens studied by Gómez-Zurita & Cardoso (2014; Province Sud, Monts des Koghis, c. 300 m S of Koghi Restaurant, - 22.18288 166.50490, 457 m, 17 November 2006, leg. Fabrice Caulson), it was established that T. mars only occurs in several places at low and middle elevations (340 – 600 m) on Mont Koghi (which is 1061 m high). The study of the abundant material in the entomological collection of the Museum of Natural History of the University of Wroclaw (MNHW, Wroclaw) confirmed the narrow endemicity of the species in this area in southern Grande Terre (Fig. 6). The single male specimen labelled as originating from Hienghène, in a completely different biome in the northern coast of Grande Terre, matched the type of T. mars and shared the rrnS haplotype with several other specimens of this species from Mont Koghi. Given the ecological differences, the uneven intervening topography and the large geographic separation between these two localities (some 230 km in a straight line) and the lack of genetic differentiation of the specimen with T. mars from the type locality, it is likely that this specimen was mislabelled. This increased knowledge about the confinement of T. mars to Mont Koghi also raises the question about the actual identity of most of the specimens considered by Samuelson (2010) to be conspecific with his type of T. mars. The author listed as paratypes a number of specimens from many localities, ranging from Ponérihouen, in the central northern part of Grande Terre, to the Forêt de Thy, near the southern town of Saint-Louis, one or two valleys south from the localities in the Mont Koghi (small white circles in Fig. 6). Based on our current understanding on the diversity and distribution of Taophila subg. Lapita, most of these specimens (which we did not examine) must belong to other described or still unknown species. Because most of these localities are in areas where more than one species of Lapita occur, we cannot predict their taxonomic attribution without studying the specimens. Distribution: This species is only known with certainty from Mont Koghi in southern Grand Terre.	en	Platania, Leonardo, Cardoso, Anabela, Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2020): Diversity and evolution of New Caledonian endemic Taophila subgenus Lapita (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 189: 1123-1154
BE4BA407FFC0BA3607CA0921FBBCFC07.taxon	description	MTDNA DATA AND SPECIES RELATIONSHIPS A total of 39 specimens of the subgenus Lapita of Taophila, including representatives of all the new species hypothesized in this work and new samples of T. aphrodita and T. mars, were tested for their DNA and some proved effective for amplification of short mtDNA fragments (Table 1). A 403 - nucleotide segment of COI was successfully sequenced in 15 specimens, while a 510 – 516 - nucleotide long rrnS segment was obtained from 18 specimens. Only 30.8 % of the specimens analysed yielded sequences for both markers, but 56.4 % produced some useful sequence data and they included at least one representative of every species known to date. The phylogenetic tree supported the species hypotheses based on morphology, remarkably in the case of species for which there was already information available, so that the new specimens had identical or similar haplotypes to these already published (Fig. 8). The obtained tree topology was apparently naturally unbalanced with most nodes receiving high support, except those representing soft polytomies in the clade of species with strongly sinuous costae on the elytra of females, and also the relationships within the clades of T. gaea, T. oceanica and T. ouranos on the one hand and T. aphrodita, T. atlantis and T. kronos on the other. The first split in the phylogeny separated, with relatively high bootstrap support (BS> 80 %), the species T. tridentata from all the other species with only two lateral teeth on the sides of pronotum. The next split separated two clades, one with the pair T. hermes and T. olympica, and the other with all the other species, characterized among other things, as mentioned, by their females showing a characteristic sigmoid costa laterally on elytra. The clock-constrained Bayesian tree using a single representative sequence per species showed the same structure and relationships, but with comparatively lower posterior probability (PP = 0.65) for the first split separating T. tridentata from the other Lapita, effectively resulting in a basal trichotomy in the tree, and conversely with higher support (PP = 0.88 – 0.91) defining two distinctive clades among the species with sinuous costae on the elytra of females (Fig. 11).	en	Platania, Leonardo, Cardoso, Anabela, Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2020): Diversity and evolution of New Caledonian endemic Taophila subgenus Lapita (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 189: 1123-1154
