identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
47665AA36DEA54A9A9D09D2210832D13.text	47665AA36DEA54A9A9D09D2210832D13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bactrocera (Bactrocera) melanobivittata Doorenweerd 2025	<div><p>Bactrocera (Bactrocera) melanobivittata Doorenweerd sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 2</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype. Male. “ Malaysia: Sabah. 3–5. xii. 2018. Danum Valley access rd. 4.9683"N, 117.8173"E. Methyl eugenol trap FF 18 Ma 065. Leg. D. Rubinoff &amp; C. Doorenweerd. DNA sample ms 12171 ”. Deposited at the University of Hawaii Insect Museum reg. no. UHIM.ms 12171 . Paratype. One male. “ Malaysia, Sabah. 2–4. viii. 2019. Maliau Basin: camp Agathis trail . 4.7079"N, 116.8947"E. Methyl eugenol trap FF 19 Ma 036. Leg. D. Rubinoff &amp; C. Doorenweerd. DNA sample ms 08978. ” Deposited at the Sabah Forestry Department Insect Collection, reg. no. UHIM.ms 08978 .</p><p>Differential diagnosis.</p><p>The two lateral longitudinal red stripes on the black scutum distinguish B. melanobivittata from most other Bactrocera . The most similar species is B. bivittata Lin &amp; Wang, but B. melanobivittata can be distinguished by having a scutum that is almost completely black except for two longitudinal red stripes, and the yellow postsutural vittae. There is intraspecific variation in the amount of black on the scutum in B. bivittata (Fig. 3) but the red stripes are obscured in darker colored specimens of B. bivittata whereas they are of roughly equal width and clearly contrasting in B. melanobivittata . Bactrocera melanobivittata can be distinguished from B. ellenriederae, which also has two red stripes on the scutum, by the costal band on the wing that ends between vein R 4 + 5 and M, while the costal band of B. ellenriederae reaches vein M, and B. melanobivittata is distinguished from B. youngi by having only the anterior lateral corners of tergite IV black, whereas B. youngi has the lateral quarters of tergite IV black. The most similar species in Borneo is B. lateritaenia, which can be distinguished by having tapering yellow postsutural vittae, which are parallel in B. melanobivittata .</p><p>Molecular diagnostics.</p><p>The COI - 5 P 3 P sequences of ms 12171 and ms 08978 are most similar to sequences of Bactrocera bivittata, but at 6.5 % minimum pairwise difference (Doorenweerd et al. 2024 b).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male. Head (Fig. 2 C). Fulvous with oval black spots in the antennal furrows. Antennal segments fulvous to dark fulvous distally, combined length less than the height of the head. Thorax (Fig. 2 A, B, D, E). Scutum and pleural areas all black with narrow red-brown areas surrounding the yellow markings. Two lateral longitudinal red stripes reach from the anterior of the scutum to half-way of the postsutural yellow vittae. Yellow markings: postpronotal lobes; notopleura; presutural area adjacent to notopleura; postsutural yellow lateral vittae of equal width throughout and reach just past intra-alar seta; mesopleural stripe dorsally wider than notopleuron but does not reach postpronotal lobe; anatergite and katatergite. Scutellum yellow with a narrow black basal band. Setae: one pair scutellar; one pair prescutellar; one pair intra-alar; one pair posterior supra-alar; one pair anterior supra-alar; two pair notopleural and four scapular. Abdomen (Fig. 2 B, D, E, G). Diamond-shaped; terga free; pecten of setae on tergum III present. Dorsal side of abdomen fulvous with a black ‘ T’ on segments III – V, the medial line narrows posteriorly to a point on segment V. Anterolateral corners of segment IV black. Ceromata brown. Posterior lobe of the male surstylus short (Fig. 2 G). Sternum V with a narrow concavity on the posterior margin. Legs (Fig. 2 D). All femora and tibia fulvous. Wings (Fig. 2 F). Wing length 6.5 mm. Cells bc and c clear, faint tint in cell sc. Costal band confluent with vein R 2 + 3 and continues at more or less the same width until just past where vein R 4 + 5 reaches the costa. Anal streak absent, vein CuA 2 and A 1 merge at ~ 0.8 length of A 1. Supernumerary lobe not pronounced, inconspicuous. Female. Unknown.</p><p>Male lure. Methyl eugenol.</p><p>Host plant.</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species epithet is a compound adjective formed from the Latin melano, meaning dark, and its nearest sister species B. bivittata, because it has an overall darker appearance of the latter.</p><p>Comments.</p><p>Bactrocera melanobivittata was included as B. ‘ spMalaysia 05 ’ in the DNA barcoding study of Doorenweerd et al. (2024 b). It is placed in subgenus Bactrocera based on having a short posterior lobe of the male surstylus, sternum V has a narrow concavity on the posterior margin, lateral postsutural yellow vitta present, medial vitta is absent, one pair of prescutellar setae and the presence of a pair of anterior supra-alar seta.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/47665AA36DEA54A9A9D09D2210832D13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Doorenweerd, Camiel;Chung, Arthur Y. C.;Mustapeng, Andi Maryani A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Doorenweerd, Camiel, Chung, Arthur Y. C., Mustapeng, Andi Maryani A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2025): The Dacini fruit flies of Borneo: an annotated checklist with 89 species including three new to science (Tephritidae, Dacinae). ZooKeys 1240: 305-325, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1240.148768
3A334A530B295861BFAEBFA058163E70.text	3A334A530B295861BFAEBFA058163E70.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dacus (Mellesis) danumensis Doorenweerd 2025	<div><p>Dacus (Mellesis) danumensis Doorenweerd sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 4</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype. Male. “ Malaysia: Sabah: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.8062&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.9534" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.8062/lat 4.9534)">Danum valley Tembaling waterfall trail</a>. WGS 84 4.9534, 117.8062 3–5. xii. 2018 Zingerone trap. Leg. D. Rubinoff &amp; C. Doorenweerd. DNA sample ms 08931. ” Deposited at the University of Hawaii Insect Museum reg. no. UHIM.ms 08931.</p><p>Differential diagnosis.</p><p>The combination of an elongate and petiolate (‘ wasp-like’) abdomen, a uniquely shaped postsutural medial yellow vitta that is almost equally wide as long, the wing with a costal band that reaches up to vein R 4 + 5 and does not expand apically, and the absence of an anal streak, is unique within Dacini . The most closely related species based on COI sequence data is Dacus sinensis Wang, from which D. danumensis can be morphologically distinguished by having a medial postsutural yellow vitta, which is absent in D. sinensis .</p><p>Molecular diagnostics.</p><p>Dacus danumensis COI - 5 P 3 P sequences are most similar to sequences of D. sinensis at 8.6 % minimum pairwise difference (Doorenweerd et al. 2024 b).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male. Head (Fig. 4 B). Fulvous with two waterdrop-shaped black facial spots in the antennal furrows and a black band connecting both compound eyes across the occiput. Antennae dark fulvous. Combined length of antennal segments greater than the height of the head Thorax (Fig. 4 A, C). Scutum and pleural areas completely black. Yellow markings: postpronotal lobes; notopleura and adjacent presutural area; medial postsutural roughly waterdrop-shaped vitta; mesopleural stripe approx. the width of the notopleuron, anterior margin slightly convex; anatergite, katatergite; scutellum. Setae: one pair scutellar; prescutellar setae absent; one pair intra-alar; one pair posterior supra-alar; one pair anterior supra-alar; two pair notopleural; four scapular. Abdomen (Fig. 4 A, C, D, F). Abdomen shape petiolate with narrow and elongated segment I; terga fused; pecten present on tergum III; posterior lobe of the male surstylus short (Fig. 4 F); abdominal sternum V with a narrow concavity on the posterior margin. Tergum I black with yellow posterior band; tergum II yellow with a black T-shape; tergum III with a second black T-shape that covers most of the segment and a medial black line that continuous from tergum II down to the posterior of tergum V; lateral black bands on tergum IV and V. Ceromata yellow and indistinct. Legs (Fig. 4 C). Fore tibia with dark mark on the outer surface that covers most of the tibial length; mid tibia with dark marks on the outer and inner surface that extend from one-third the distal end; hind tibia with distal quarter black. All other leg segments yellow to fulvous. Wings (Fig. 4 E). Wing length 4.9 mm. Cells bc and c clear, faint tint in cell sc. Costal band reaches up to vein R 4 + 5, slightly crosses R 4 + 5 apically. Anal streak absent, supernumerary lobe not pronounced. Female. Unknown.</p><p>Male lure. Zingerone.</p><p>Host plant.</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species epithet danumensis is a noun in apposition that refers to the type locality; the Danum Valley Conservation Area in Sabah, Malaysia.</p><p>Comments.</p><p>This species was included as ‘ Dacus spnMalaysia 01 ’ in the DNA barcoding study of Doorenweerd et al. (2024 b). Placement in subgenus Mellesis is based on lacking prescutellar setae, a slight concavity on the posterior margin of sternum V and its elongate and petiolate abdomen shape.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3A334A530B295861BFAEBFA058163E70	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Doorenweerd, Camiel;Chung, Arthur Y. C.;Mustapeng, Andi Maryani A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Doorenweerd, Camiel, Chung, Arthur Y. C., Mustapeng, Andi Maryani A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2025): The Dacini fruit flies of Borneo: an annotated checklist with 89 species including three new to science (Tephritidae, Dacinae). ZooKeys 1240: 305-325, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1240.148768
217BC2A4A4225A07BD31FB265F842C3D.text	217BC2A4A4225A07BD31FB265F842C3D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zeugodacus (Zeugodacus) cataracta Doorenweerd 2025	<div><p>Zeugodacus (Zeugodacus) cataracta Doorenweerd sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 5</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype. Male. “ Malaysia: Sabah: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.8061&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.9506" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.8061/lat 4.9506)">Danum Valley Tembaling waterfall trail</a>. WGS 84 4.9506, 117.8061 3–5. xii. 2018 Zingerone trap. Leg. D. Rubinoff &amp; C. Doorenweerd. DNA sample ms 08933. ” Deposited at the University of Hawaii Insect Museum reg. no. UHIM.ms 08933 . Paratype. One male. “ Malaysia, Sabah, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.8126&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.9689" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.8126/lat 4.9689)">Danum Valley access road</a>. WGS 84 4.9689, 117.8126 3–5. xii. 2018 Zingerone trap. Leg. D. Rubinoff &amp; C. Doorenweerd. DNA sample ms 08929. ” Deposited at the Sabah Forestry Department Insect Collection reg. no. UHIM.ms 08929 .</p><p>Differential diagnosis.</p><p>The wing pattern of Zeugodacus cataracta is strikingly different from any other species of Dacini, with a medial dark band that extends down to midway of cell dm, dark marking throughout cell br, and three dark smudges in the distal part of the wing. The species is further unique in having vein CuA 2 and A 1 merge at ~ 1 / 2 the length of A 1, leaving a short cell cup, and all antennal segments are remarkably short, combined less than half the height of the head.</p><p>Molecular diagnostics.</p><p>The COI - 5 P 3 P sequences of ms 08929 and ms 08933 are most similar to published sequences of Zeugodacus scutellaris (Bezzi, 1913), but at 8.9 % minimum pairwise difference (Doorenweerd et al. 2024 b).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male. Head (Fig. 5 C). Fulvous; face dark with indistinct oval black spots in the antennal furrows. Antennal segments dark fulvous and short, combined length less than half the height of the head. Thorax (Fig. 5 A, D). Scutum and pleural areas black with narrow red-brown areas surrounding parts of the yellow markings. Yellow markings: postpronotal lobes; notopleura; presutural area adjacent to notopleura; postsutural yellow lateral vittae that narrow sharply posteriorly and do not reach intra-alar seta; medial elongate postsutural vitta; mesopleural stripe dorsally wider than notopleuron but does not reach postpronotal lobe; anatergite; katatergite. Scutellum yellow with a narrow black basal band. Setae: two pair scutellar; one pair prescutellar; one pair intra-alar; one pair posterior supra-alar; one pair anterior supra-alar; two pair notopleural and four scapular. Abdomen (Fig. 5 B, E, F, H). Oval to diamond-shaped; terga free; pecten of setae on tergum III absent. Posterior lobe of the male surstylus long (Fig. 5 F). Abdomen overall fulvous with interrupted black ‘ T’ on segments III – V. Anterolateral corners of segment IV black. Paratype with more extensive black lateral markings on tergum IV and V (Fig. 5 H). Ceromata yellow and indistinct. Legs (Fig. 5 D). Legs overall fulvous. Outer surface of the fore tibia black, distal third of hind tibia black. Wings (Fig. 5 G). Wing length 5.8 mm. Cells bc and c clear, faint tint in cell sc. Costal band confluent with vein R 2 + 3 and continues at more or less the same width until just past where vein R 4 + 5 reaches the costa. Anal streak absent, vein CuA 2 and A 1 merge at # 1 / 2 the length of A 1. A medial dark band extends from the costal band down to midway of cell dm and dark marking throughout cell br. The distal part of the wing has three dark brown smudges below vein R 4 + 5. Female. Unknown.</p><p>Male lure. Zingerone.</p><p>Host plant.</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species epithet cataracta, Latin for waterfall, is a noun in apposition that refers to both the peculiar wing pattern that resembles a waterfall going over the edge and the type locality; the Tembaling waterfall trail in the Danum Valley Conservation Area.</p><p>Comments.</p><p>This species was included as Zeugodacus ‘ spnMalaysia 02 ’ in the DNA barcoding study of Doorenweerd et al. (2024 b). The combination of a short cell cup and antennae shorter than the height of the head makes accurate systematic placement of this species challenging. Within Dacini, this combination is only known in the monotypic Bactrocera subgenus Queenslandacus; B. exigua (May), known from Australia. However, the yellow presutural markings and long posterior lobes of the male surstylus clearly place this species in Zeugodacus, and we find placement in subgenus Zeugodacus best fitting and consider the similarity with B. exigua paralogous.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/217BC2A4A4225A07BD31FB265F842C3D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Doorenweerd, Camiel;Chung, Arthur Y. C.;Mustapeng, Andi Maryani A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Doorenweerd, Camiel, Chung, Arthur Y. C., Mustapeng, Andi Maryani A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2025): The Dacini fruit flies of Borneo: an annotated checklist with 89 species including three new to science (Tephritidae, Dacinae). ZooKeys 1240: 305-325, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1240.148768
