identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
B77687CEFFD0FFDFFDF78346FD29FA17.text	B77687CEFFD0FFDFFDF78346FD29FA17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodontidae Dall 1898	<div><p>Family Parallelodontidae Dall, 1898</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The systematic classification follows Carter et al. (2011). Note that several of the genus- and species-group names listed below are attributed to families other than the Parallelodontidae at present. Their current systematic classification is indicated in the respective Remarks sections.</p><p>Genus-group names</p><p>Many Palaeozoic species that are now placed in the family Parallelodontidae were formerly placed in genera that belong to other orders or families today. These are not treated in detail but summarised here (information in parentheses indicate current systematic position; in alphabetic order): Arca Linnaeus, 1758 (order Arcida, family Arcidae), Byssoarca Swainson, 1833 (o. Arcida, fam. Arcidae; objective synonym of Arca Linnaeus, 1758), Cucullaea Lamarck, 1801 (o. Arcida, fam. Cucullaeidae), Cypricardia Lamarck, 1819 (o. Venerida; today accepted as Trapezium Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1811), Cypricardinia Hall, 1859 (o. Carditida), Dolabra McCoy, 1844 (o. Trigoniida; taxonomic status uncertain), Leptodesma Hall, 1883 (o. Ostreida), Megalodon J. De C. Sowerby, 1827 (o. Megalodontida), Microdon Conrad, 1842 (o. Carditida; junior homonym, replaced by Eodon Hall in Miller, 1877), Modiola (o. Mytilida; misspelling of Modiolus Lamarck, 1799), Myalina de Koninck, 1842 (o. Myalinida), Mytulites Schlotheim, 1813 (o. Mytilida; objective synonym of Mytilus Linnaeus, 1758), Palaearca Hall, 1859 (o. Cyrtodontida; today accepted as Cyrtodonta Billings, 1858), Palanatina Hall &amp; Whitfield, 1870 (o. Modiomorphida), Pholadomya G.B. Sowerby I, 1823 (superfamily Pholadomyoidea), Pleurophorus King, 1844 (superfam. Kalenteroidea; junior homonym, replaced by Permophorus Chavan, 1954), Psammobia Lamarck, 1818 (o. Cardiida; today accepted as Gari Schumacher, 1817), Pterinea Goldfuss, 1832 (o. Ostreida), Ptychopteria Hall, 1883 (o. Ostreida), Pullastra G.B. Sowerby I, 1826 (o. Venerida; today accepted as Venerupis Lamarck, 1818), Sanguinolites McCoy, 1844 (superfam. Grammysioidea), Venerupis Lamarck, 1818 (o. Venerida).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD0FFDFFDF78346FD29FA17	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD0FFD8FD79849AFEE0FE25.text	B77687CEFFD0FFD8FD79849AFEE0FE25.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alula Girty 1912	<div><p>Alula Girty, 1912</p><p>Original source</p><p>Girty (1912): 3.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Alula squamulifera Girty, 1912; by original designation. Upper Permian, United States of America (Colorado).</p><p>Gender</p><p>Female.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Originally related to the family Parallelodontidae; according to Ding et al. (1982) part of the family Grammysiidae Miller, 1877; according to Morris et al. (1991) included in the family Sanguinolitidae Miller, 1877 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD0FFD8FD79849AFEE0FE25	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD7FFD8FD5B80F5FE0BFC01.text	B77687CEFFD7FFD8FD5B80F5FE0BFC01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alytodonta Cope 1997	<div><p>Alytodonta Cope, 1997</p><p>Original source</p><p>Cope (1997a): 739.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Alytodonta gibbosa Cope, 1997; by original designation. Lower Silurian, Scotland.</p><p>Gender</p><p>Female.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Originally placed in the family Parallelodontidae by Cope (1997a); placed in the family Frejidae by Cope &amp; Kříž (2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD7FFD8FD5B80F5FE0BFC01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD7FFD8FE9F82A8FDC0F995.text	B77687CEFFD7FFD8FE9F82A8FDC0F995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antonella Astafieva-Urbajtis	<div><p>Antonella Astafieva-Urbajtis in Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš, 1985 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985): 14.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Antonella catelliformis Astafieva-Urbajtis in Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš, 1985; by original designation. Upper Carboniferous, Slovenia.</p><p>Gender</p><p>Female.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Junior homonym of Antonella Cooke &amp; Kondo, 1961 [ Gastropoda]; no replacement name available. Originally placed in the “ Catella Group” of the Parallelodontidae (subfamily Grammatodontinae) by Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD7FFD8FE9F82A8FDC0F995	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD7FFD9FDE38705FBE4FE63.text	B77687CEFFD7FFD9FDE38705FBE4FE63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Beushausenia Cossmann 1897	<div><p>Beushausenia Cossmann, 1897 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Cossmann (1897): 93.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Macrodon rugosus Buckman, 1845; by typification of replaced name. Jurassic, United Kingdom.</p><p>Gender</p><p>Female.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Introduced as a new name for Macrodon Buckman, 1845, non Schinz, 1822 [Pisces]. Cossmann indicated Cucullaea hirsonensis d’Archiac, 1843 as the type species, however under Art. 67.8 the type species of Beushausenia is the type species of Macrodon . Junior objective synonym of Parallelodon, which is an earlier replacement name. Beushausenia Maillieux, 1913 [in Maillieux 1913a] ( Pterineidae) is a junior homonym (replaced by Beushausenella Maillieux, 1913 [in Maillieux 1913b]).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD7FFD9FDE38705FBE4FE63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD6FFD9FD88834EFEABFB98.text	B77687CEFFD6FFD9FD88834EFEABFB98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carbonarca Meek & Worthen 1870	<div><p>Carbonarca Meek &amp; Worthen, 1870</p><p>Original source</p><p>Meek &amp; Worthen (1870): 39.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Carbonarca gibbosa Meek &amp; Worthen, 1870; by subsequent designation by Newell (1969). Carboniferous, United States of America (Illinois).</p><p>Gender</p><p>Female.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Originally no classification indicated. Questionably assigned to the family Parallelodontidae by Newell (1969).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD6FFD9FD88834EFEABFB98	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD6FFD9FDBD8507FD19F9D3.text	B77687CEFFD6FFD9FDBD8507FD19F9D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmetodon Branson 1942	<div><p>Cosmetodon Branson, 1942</p><p>Original source</p><p>Branson (1942): 248.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Arca keyserlingii d’Orbigny, 1850; by original designation. Upper Jurassic, Russia.</p><p>Gender</p><p>Male.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Cosmetodon was erected as subgenus of Grammatodon Meek &amp; Hayden, 1860; this was followed by Newell (1969) and recent studies (e.g., Ros-Franch et al. 2014; Prinoth &amp; Posenato 2023). Nevesskaja et al. (2013) treated it as a distinct genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD6FFD9FDBD8507FD19F9D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD6FFDAFD4087DFFBECFDB5.text	B77687CEFFD6FFDAFD4087DFFBECFDB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucullopsis Chao 1927	<div><p>Cucullopsis Chao, 1927</p><p>Original source</p><p>Chao (1927): 10.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Cucullopsis quadrata Chao, 1927; by original designation. Upper Carboniferous to lower Permian, China.</p><p>Gender</p><p>Female.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Originally placed in the family Parallelodontidae . Questionably assigned to the “ Grammatodon group” of the family Parallelodontidae according to Newell (1969). Consistently treated as a distinct genus (e.g., Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš 1978; Fang et al. 2009; Nevesskaja et al. 2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD6FFDAFD4087DFFBECFDB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD5FFDAFDF38365FCDBFBF2.text	B77687CEFFD5FFDAFDF38365FCDBFBF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Grammatodon Meek & Hayden 1860	<div><p>Grammatodon Meek &amp; Hayden, 1860</p><p>Original source</p><p>Meek &amp; Hayden (1860): 419.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Arca (Cucullaea) inornata Meek &amp; Hayden, 1858; by monotypy. Upper Jurassic, United States of America (Nebraska).</p><p>Gender</p><p>Male.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Originally part of the family “Arcadae”. Type genus of the parallelodontid subfamily Grammatodontinae (Newell 1969; Carter et al. 2011; Knight &amp; Morris 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD5FFDAFDF38365FCDBFBF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD5FFDAFD8F853DFE99F92A.text	B77687CEFFD5FFDAFD8F853DFE99F92A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon Buckman 1845	<div><p>Macrodon Buckman, 1845 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Buckman (1845): 98.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Macrodon rugosus Buckman, 1845; by monotypy. Jurassic, United Kingdom.</p><p>Gender</p><p>Male.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Originally no classification indicated. Junior homonym of Macrodon Schinz, 1822 [Pisces]; replaced with Parallelodon by Meek &amp; Worthen (1866a). The widely used “ Macrodus ” is an incorrect subsequent spelling.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD5FFDAFD8F853DFE99F92A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD5FFDBFD9387F5FDD0FD96.text	B77687CEFFD5FFDBFD9387F5FDD0FD96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mnataia Prantl & Ruzicka 1955	<div><p>Mnataia Prantl &amp; Růžička, 1955</p><p>Original source</p><p>Prantl &amp; Růžička (1955b): 4 [Russian], 9 [English].</p><p>Type species</p><p>Mnataia pribyli Prantl &amp; Růžička, 1955; by original designation. Middle Devonian, Czech Republic.</p><p>Gender</p><p>Female.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Originally placed in “a special group of pseudocyrtodont pelecypods”; questionably synonymised with Parallelodon by Newell (1969). Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) discussed potential cyrtodontid and parallelodontid affinities, yet without conclusion. The genus and species were erected based on a single incomplete valve of 6 mm in length.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD5FFDBFD9387F5FDD0FD96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD4FFDBFD47831AFC84FB28.text	B77687CEFFD4FFDBFD47831AFC84FB28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nemodon Conrad 1869	<div><p>Nemodon Conrad, 1869</p><p>Original source</p><p>Conrad (1869): 97.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Arca (Macrodon) eufalensis Gabb, 1860; by original designation. Cretaceous, United States of America (New Jersey).</p><p>Gender</p><p>Male.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Originally no classification indicated; according to Newell (1969) part of the “ Cucullaria group” of the parallelodontid subfamily Grammatodontinae; according to Carter et al. (2011) part of the tribe Nemodontini ( Parallelodontidae: Grammatodontinae).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD4FFDBFD47831AFC84FB28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD4FFDBFD8A85F7FEABF8BC.text	B77687CEFFD4FFDBFD8A85F7FEABF8BC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Obliquidon Astafieva-Urbajtis 1994	<div><p>Obliquidon Astafieva-Urbajtis, 1994</p><p>Original source</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis (1994): 114.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Antonella bedici Astafieva-Urbajtis in Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš, 1985; by original designation. Upper Carboniferous, Slovenia.</p><p>Gender</p><p>Male.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Introduced in a distinct subfamily Obliquidontinae Astafieva-Urbajtis, 1994 in the family Parallelodontidae . The subfamily was considered a synonym of Grammatodontinae by Bieler et al. (2010).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD4FFDBFD8A85F7FEABF8BC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD4FFD4FDF9866CFDEBFE06.text	B77687CEFFD4FFD4FDF9866CFDEBFE06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oligodonta Paul 1941	<div><p>Oligodonta Paul, 1941 [nomen nudum]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Paul (1941): 130.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Nomen nudum – Paul mentioned and used the subgenus in his Fossilium Catalogus but did not provide a description. Originally questionably classified as a subgenus of Grammatodon . Paul (1941) classified Myalina goldfussiana De Koninck, 1842 and Modiola illinoiensis Worthen, 1884 in the new subgenus, but did not indicate a type species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD4FFD4FDF9866CFDEBFE06	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDBFFD4FDF680A9FE2AFBBF.text	B77687CEFFDBFFD4FDF680A9FE2AFBBF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon Meek & Worthen 1866	<div><p>Parallelodon Meek &amp; Worthen, 1866</p><p>Original source</p><p>Meek &amp; Worthen (1866a): 17.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Macrodon rugosus Buckman, 1845; by typification of replaced name. Jurassic, United Kingdom.</p><p>Gender</p><p>Male.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>New name for Macrodon Buckman, 1845, non Schinz, 1822 [Pisces]. Beushausenia Cossmann, 1897, is another, younger replacement name. Originally no classification; type genus of the family Parallelodontidae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDBFFD4FDF680A9FE2AFBBF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDBFFD4FD988562FD5AF947.text	B77687CEFFDBFFD4FD988562FD5AF947.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prorhynchus Hall 1885	<div><p>Prorhynchus Hall, 1885 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hall (1885): xlviii.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Palaeanatina quadrata Hall, 1883; by original designation. Devonian, United States of America (Pennsylvania).</p><p>Gender</p><p>Male. Hall (1885) and several subsequent authors (e.g., Chadwick 1935; Linsley 1994) considered the name as neuter, based on the Greek origin of the suffix ‘- rhynchus ’ (‘ῥῠ́γχος, rhynchos’), but since the ending was Latinised the name is deemed to be masculine according to ICZN Art. 30.1.3.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Junior homonym of Prorhynchus Schultze, 1851 [flatworm]. Originally no classification suggested, but Hall discussed a relationship to “Palaeanatinae” (= Modiomorphidae); synonymous to Parallelodon after Newell (1969); part of the family Leiopteriidae Maillieux, 1921 according to Vokes (1967), which is today considered as a synonym of Pterineidae Meek, 1864 (Bieler et al. 2010); Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) doubted affinities with parallelodontid arcoids.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDBFFD4FD988562FD5AF947	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDBFFD5FDA7866AFACEFC23.text	B77687CEFFDBFFD5FDA7866AFACEFC23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sufia Prantl & Ruzicka 1955	<div><p>Sufia Prantl &amp; Růžička, 1955</p><p>Original source</p><p>Prantl &amp; Růžička (1955a): 303 [Czech], 308 [Russian], 313 [English]; originally as “Šufia”.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Sufia paradoxa Prantl &amp; Růžička, 1955; by original designation. Middle Devonian, Czech Republic.</p><p>Gender</p><p>Female.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Originally placed in “a special group of pseudocyrtodont pelecypods”; questionably synonymised with Parallelodon by Newell (1969). Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) discussed potential cyrtodontid and parallelodontid affinities, yet without conclusion. The genus and species were erected based on a single incomplete valve of 6 mm in total.</p><p>Species-group names</p><p>In addition to the names below, we recently detected a number of “new” parallelodontid species names on a webpage (https://www.paleontology.cz/; accessed on 16 Oct. 2025), partly with illustrations and indication of type material. However, none of these names appear in the published literature or fulfil the requirements of the ICZN for availability. Inquiries for further details from the website operator remained unanswered. The names are not listed here to avoid introducing nomina nuda in the published literature.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDBFFD5FDA7866AFACEFC23	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDAFFD5FDF1828EFC3DF9EA.text	B77687CEFFDAFFD5FDF1828EFC3DF9EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon achiardii De Stefani 1917	<div><p>Macrodon achiardii De Stefani, 1917</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Stefani (1917): 26, pl. 1 figs 11, 13–14, 17, 20, 22; originally as “ Achiardii ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Rio Marina Formation, Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous (De Stefani 1914; Bortolotti et al. 2001).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Cala Baccetti ”; a small bay south of Cavo, Elba Island, Italy.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Studied material (IGF 122E to IGF 125E, IGF 128E to IGF 144E) is stored in the De Stefani collection at the Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>No subsequent mention in literature. De Stefani had plenty of specimens and gave a detailed description of the hinge teeth, which support an affinity to Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDAFFD5FDF1828EFC3DF9EA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDAFFD6FDFE8736FE66FDC5.text	B77687CEFFDAFFD6FDFE8736FE66FDC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon aequalis Chapman 1908	<div><p>Parallelodon aequalis Chapman, 1908</p><p>Original source</p><p>Chapman (1908): 39, pl. 4 fig. 57; originally as “aequalis ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Silurian (Melbournian). In brown mudstone”; Melbourne Formation, Murrindindi Supergroup, lower Ludlow, Silurian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Yarra Improvement Works, S. Yarra”; South Yarra, County of Bourke, Victoria, Australia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a steinkern of a LV (P 7924). Stored in the collections of the Museums Victoria, Melbourne.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Mentioned in the type catalogue of Gill &amp; Davies (1968). The morphology of this species rather matches Schizodus King, 1844 ( Trigoniida: Schizodidae). Systematic classification is therefore questionable (Amler &amp; Friedel 2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDAFFD6FDFE8736FE66FDC5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD9FFD6FE7383D5FBD5FACB.text	B77687CEFFD9FFD6FE7383D5FBD5FACB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodus expansus var. alsaticus Tornquist 1896	<div><p>Macrodus expansus var. alsaticus Tornquist, 1896 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Tornquist (1896): 96 [630], pl. 19 fig. 9.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“[in der] schiefrigen Facies des Kohlenkalks ” (Tornquist 1895: 23) [shaly facies of the Carboniferous Limestone]; middle to upper Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Amler 1987).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Hohlweg unterhalb der Ferme [Bauernhof] Pütig ”; along the route from Bourbach-le-Haut to Masevaux, Département Haut-Rhin, France.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The whereabouts of the material studied by Tornquist (1896) are unknown. He stated the material as belonging to the “Geologische Landesanstalt Elsass-Lothringen”. Amler (1987) stated that the Tornquist collection in the Strasbourg Museum was destroyed in a fire (see also Hubmann 2014).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Synonym of Parallelodon koeneni (Tornquist, 1896) according to Amler (1987).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD9FFD6FE7383D5FBD5FACB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD9FFD7FDE984D7FD79FE06.text	B77687CEFFD9FFD7FDE984D7FD79FE06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon amoenus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon amoenus De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 163, pl. 25 fig. 39, pl. 26 fig. 19.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire d’Anseremme (étage II)”; Waulsort Formation, upper Tournaisian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Anseremme”; Anseremme, Dinant, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The syntypes are stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4736 (pl. 25 fig. 39, not traced) and RBINS a4737 (old no. 697; pl. 26 fig. 19; coll. Dupont).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>De Koninck (1885) used multiple original spellings; “ amoenus ” in the description of the species, “ amӕnus ” (amaenus) in the plate caption. Subsequent workers, including De Koninck himself, only used “ amoenus ”, suggesting that “ amӕnus ” was a printing error. Listed as potential synonym of Parallelodon clathratus (McCoy, 1844) by Amler (1987).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD9FFD7FDE984D7FD79FE06	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD8FFD0FE1D8561FB2DFE30.text	B77687CEFFD8FFD0FE1D8561FB2DFE30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca anatina De Koninck 1851	<div><p>Arca anatina De Koninck in d’Orbigny, 1850 [invalid]</p><p>Original source d’Orbigny (1850): 134.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Lower Limestone of Limestone Group; today known as Ballyshannon Limestone Formation of the Tyrone Group (Chadian–Arundian, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous) [from Psammobia decussata McCoy, 1844].</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Little Island, Cork ”; County Cork [from Psammobia decussata McCoy, 1844], Ireland.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype (designated by Hind 1897, as “the type”): NMING: F7260 (Griffith coll.). Also figured by Hind (1897: 159, pl. 11 fig. 22). Stored at the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin [from Psammobia decussata McCoy, 1844].</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This name was introduced by De Koninck in d’Orbigny (1850) as a replacement name for the secondary homonym Psammobia decussata McCoy, 1844 . The homonymy was not explicitly stated in d’Orbigny (1850), it became only clear in the expanded description in De Koninck (1851: 671, pl. 57 fig. 7a–b), where he indicated the homonymy as “non Arca decussata, Münster, et Nyst”. These species are the Jurassic Arca decussata Roemer, 1836 from northern Germany (who attributed the authorship to Münster) and the Oligocene Arca decussata Nyst &amp; Westendorp, 1839 from Belgium (which is sometimes erroneously indicated as of Nyst, 1835; see, e.g., Sandberger 1858–1863). An additional senior homonym is the extant Arca decussata Linnaeus, 1758 . Later, De Koninck (1885) revised his earlier assessment and classified the species in Parallelodon . Since there was no homonymy anymore, he reinstated McCoy’s name (as Parallelodon decussatus), with Arca anatina being its junior objective synonym. Arca anatina has not been used after that (compare ICZN 1999, Art. 59.3); valid as P. decussatus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD8FFD0FE1D8561FB2DFE30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFD8FFD7FDFA80A9FB15FBBF.text	B77687CEFFD8FFD7FDFA80A9FB15FBBF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon anaklastum Winter 1963	<div><p>Parallelodon anaklastum Winter, 1963</p><p>Original source</p><p>Winter (1963): 51, pl. 6 figs 8–10b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Supai Formation, Permian”; Supai Formation, Artiskian/Kungurian, Cisuralian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“[Loc. 3]”; Between Cibecue and Fort Apache, route 73 between route 70 and Cedar Creek/Silver Butte, at the eastern side of the route, Navajo County, Arizona, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (28024/2:1; pl. 6 fig. 9a–b) and additional type material (28024/1:1; pl. 6 figs 10a–b and 28024/3:1; pl. 6 fig. 8) stored at the American Museum of Natural History, New York.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFD8FFD7FDFA80A9FB15FBBF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDFFFD0FD87856EFD16F9D4.text	B77687CEFFDFFFD0FD87856EFD16F9D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon angustus Hind 1904	<div><p>Parallelodon angustus Hind, 1904</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hind (1904): 137, pl. 23 figs 11–13.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“bed of shale above the Underset Limestone”; shale above or part of the Four Fathom Limestone Member, Alston Formation, Yoredale Group, Visean/Serpukhovian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Nine Standard Rigg, Westmoreland ”; Westmoreland, Cumbria, United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The figured syntypes are stored at the Natural History Museum, London, coll. Hind. Two steinkerns of RV (NHMUK PI L 47717; pl. 23 fig. 11 and NHMUK PI L 47718; pl. 23 fig. 12) and a steinkern of a LV (NHMUK PI L 47719; pl. 23 fig. 13, 13a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDFFFD0FD87856EFD16F9D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDFFFD0FD8880F8FC10FC43.text	B77687CEFFDFFFD0FD8880F8FC10FC43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prorhynchus angulatum Hall 1885	<div><p>Prorhynchus angulatum Hall, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hall (1885): 493, pl. 96 fig. 7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Upper part of the Chemung group”; Brallier Formation, Upper Devonian (Berg et al. 1993).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Warren, Pa.” [Warren, Pennsylvania], United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Linsley (1994) attributed the species to the genus Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDFFFD0FD8880F8FC10FC43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDFFFD1FE3887DBFEEDFD02.text	B77687CEFFDFFFD1FE3887DBFEEDFD02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca antiqua Munster	<div><p>Arca antiqua Münster in Goldfuss, 1837 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Goldfuss (1833–1841): 145, pl. 122 fig. 8a–c.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“dolomitischer Zechstein”; Z1, Zechstein, Changhsingian, Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Glücksbrunn ”; part of the town Bad Liebenstein, Thuringia, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype is a BV specimen (SNSB-BSPG AS VII 2095) designated and figured by Friedel et al. (2025: fig. 2c–e). Additional specimens are a steinkern of RV (SNSB-BSPG AS VII 2096) and a steinkern of LV (SNSB-BSPG AS VII 2097). All are stored at the Bavarian State Collections of Natural History, Bavarian State Collection for Palaeontology and Geology, Munich.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Recently considered as a junior synonym of Parallelodon striatus (von Schlotheim, 1820) by Friedel et al. (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDFFFD1FE3887DBFEEDFD02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDEFFD1FDEB83AEFDF6FABB.text	B77687CEFFDEFFD1FDEB83AEFDF6FABB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon antiquior De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon antiquior De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 152, pl. 25 figs 37–38.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère des Pauquys (étage II)”; Waulsort Formation, upper Tournaisian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pauquys ”; Hastière, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels (RBINS a4695; old no. 652; coll. Dupont).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDEFFD1FDEB83AEFDF6FABB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDEFFD2FDF48467FD4EFEFA.text	B77687CEFFDEFFD2FDF48467FD4EFEFA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon antiquus Barrois 1891	<div><p>Parallelodon antiquus Barrois, 1891</p><p>Original source</p><p>Barrois (1891): 200, pl. 3 fig. 3a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Grès armoricain”; upper Arenig (Babin 1966), Middle Ordovician.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Chapelle-Glain”; Loire-Atlantique département, Region Pays de la Loire, France.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Douvillé (1913: 440) placed the species in Actinodonta Phillips in Phillips &amp; Salter, 1848, followed by other palaeontologists (Dechaseaux 1952: 270; Eberzin 1960: 72), whereas Cox (1960) mentioned its true Parallelodon morphology. Pojeta (1971: 17–18) classified the species in “ Pseudarca [ Siliquarca]” ( Lyrodesmatidae). Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) noted that P. antiquus does not show the typical morphological characteristics of Palaeozoic parallelodontids, particularly with regard to the hinge arrangement, and therefore, doubt the assignment to Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDEFFD2FDF48467FD4EFEFA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDDFFD2FD908026FACFFC43.text	B77687CEFFDDFFD2FD908026FACFFC43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucullaea arguta Phillips 1836	<div><p>Cucullaea arguta Phillips, 1836</p><p>Original source</p><p>Phillips (1836): 210, pl. 5 fig. 20.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Top of Lower Scar Limestones; probably Great Scar Limestone, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Phillips 1836: 241; compare Amler 1987: 160).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Bolland ”; south of Ogden Reservoir, west of Queensbury, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Hind (1897: 174) mentioned the type specimen being stored at the Natural History Museum, London, coll. Gilbertson. We did not trace the specimen.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Placed in Parallelodon by De Koninck (1885: 154); however, Hind (1897: 174) doubted this assignment.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDDFFD2FD908026FACFFC43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDDFFD2FDFD856EFE6EF9FB.text	B77687CEFFDDFFD2FDFD856EFE6EF9FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon atavus Whidborne 1892	<div><p>Parallelodon atavus Whidborne, 1892</p><p>Original source</p><p>Whidborne (1892): 39, pl. 1 fig. 1, 1a.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Wolborough limestone, probably East Ogwell Limestone, Givetian, Devonian (House 2002).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Wolborough ”; Wolborough quarry (SX 8522 7047) near Newton Abbot, County Devon (House 2002), United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The single LV is part of the coll. Vicary (there labelled as Sanguinolites according to Whidborne). Whereabouts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDDFFD2FDFD856EFE6EF9FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDDFFD3FD8E8726FACFFD26.text	B77687CEFFDDFFD3FD8E8726FACFFD26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca aviculoides De Koninck 1842	<div><p>Arca aviculoides De Koninck, 1842</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1842): 114, pl. 3 figs 17a–b, 20a–b; originally as “ aviculoïdes ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire de Visé” (De Koninck 1842); specified as “calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)” by De Koninck (1885); V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntypes are stored in the collection of the Géologie de l’Université Lyon; a BV specimen (UCBL-EM 35420; pl. 3 fig. 17) as Arca aviculoides var. and a BV specimen (UCBL-EM 35421; pl. 3 fig. 20). Additional material (BV specimen; UCBL-EM 35422) is not figured.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Bronn (1848: 92) assigned the species to Cucullaea; later placed in Parallelodon by De Koninck (1885).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDDFFD3FD8E8726FACFFD26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDCFFD3FD9C838AFB28FA92.text	B77687CEFFDCFFD3FD9C838AFB28FA92.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodus baileyi Clarke 1907	<div><p>Macrodus? baileyi Clarke, 1907</p><p>Original source</p><p>Clarke (1907): 234, unnumbered text-fig.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Lower Devonic”; Dalhousie Group, Lower Devonian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Dalhousie, N.B.”; New Brunswick, Canada.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Also described in Clarke (1909); listed but not discussed by Alekseeva (1993). Due to the lack of hinge characters, Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) questioned a classification in Parallelodontidae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDCFFD3FD9C838AFB28FA92	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFDCFFCCFDCD841DFE22FECD.text	B77687CEFFDCFFCCFDCD841DFE22FECD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon balakhonskiensis Ragozin 1931	<div><p>Parallelodon balakhonskiensis Ragozin, 1931</p><p>Original source</p><p>Ragozin (1931): 7, pl. 1 fig. 1, pl. 3 figs 5–9, 12.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Lower Balakhonka [Balakhonskaya] Formation, Upper Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous (Amler &amp; Silantiev 2022).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Pravyy bereg reki Mrassu, v dvukh kilometrakh vyshe ulusa Kameshok” [right bank of the river Mrassu, two kilometres above the Kameshok locality]; Kuznetsk Basin, West Siberia, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Khalfin (1950: 51) classified the species in the freshwater genus Kinerkaella Khalfin, 1950 ( Myalinida: Prokopievskiidae).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFDCFFCCFDCD841DFE22FECD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC3FFCCFE9080DEFBA6FC56.text	B77687CEFFC3FFCCFE9080DEFBA6FC56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antonella bedici Astafieva-Urbajtis	<div><p>Antonella? bedici Astafieva-Urbajtis in Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš, 1985</p><p>Original source</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985): 16, pl. 1 fig. 5a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“verkhniy karbon, gzhel’skiy yarus”; Auernig Formation, Gzhelian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Yugoslaviya, gory Karavanke [...] Planina pod Golico 2 ”, Karavanke Mts, Slovenia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material is stored at the Gornjesavski muzej Jesenice, Slovenia, formerly Technical Museum of zelezarne Jesenica. Holotype with coll. no. USMJ 854.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This is the type species of the genus Obliquidon Astafieva-Urbajtis, 1994 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC3FFCCFE9080DEFBA6FC56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC3FFCCFD8F855BFCD7F974.text	B77687CEFFC3FFCCFD8F855BFCD7F974.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodus beneckei Tornquist 1896	<div><p>Macrodus beneckei Tornquist, 1896</p><p>Original source</p><p>Tornquist (1896): 91 [625], pl. 19 fig. 7; originally as “ Beneckei ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“[in der] schiefrigen Facies des Kohlenkalks” (Tornquist 1895: 23) [shaly facies of the Carboniferous Limestone]; middle to upper Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Amler 1987).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Hohlweg unterhalb der Ferme [Bauernhof] Pütig ”; along the route from Bourbach-le-Haut to Masevaux, Département Haut-Rhin, France.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The whereabouts of the material studied by Tornquist (1896) are unknown. He stated the material as belonging to the “Geologische Landesanstalt Elsass-Lothringen”. Amler (1987) stated that the Tornquist collection in the Strasbourg Museum was destroyed in a fire (see also Hubmann 2014).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Valid as Parallelodon beneckei in Friedel &amp; Amler (2024).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC3FFCCFD8F855BFCD7F974	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC3FFCDFDD587A5FB9FFDCC.text	B77687CEFFC3FFCDFDD587A5FB9FFDCC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon bimodoliratus Dickins 1963	<div><p>Parallelodon bimodoliratus Dickins, 1963</p><p>Original source</p><p>Dickins (1963): 40, pl. 3 figs 6–14.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Fossil Cliff Formation”; Sakmarian/Artinskian, Cisuralian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Fossil Ridge, near Holmwood, Irwin River area”; Irwin River area, eastward of Geraldton, Perth basin, West Australia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a LV (UWA Type No. 45352; pl. 3 figs 6–8). Several paratypes available: A and B (UWA Type Nos. 45353 , 45354, both Reg. No. 23354), C (UWA Type No. 45355, Reg No. 23350), D (UWA Type No. 45356, Reg No. 23388), E (UWA Type No. 45357, Reg No. 23363) and F (CPC 3878, Field No. WB 266). Stored at the Geology Department of the University of Western Australia (UWA) and Geoscience Australia, Commonwealth Palaeontological Collection (CPC).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC3FFCDFDD587A5FB9FFDCC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC2FFCDFD8C83D3FC90FAF1.text	B77687CEFFC2FFCDFD8C83D3FC90FAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Grammatodon biplicata Bird 1968	<div><p>Grammatodon biplicata Bird, 1968</p><p>Original source</p><p>Bird (1968): 142, pl. 12 figs 10–11.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“lower Mercer Limestone”; Pottsville Formation, Bashkirian to Moscovian, Lower to Middle Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Near Somerset ”; Perry Co., Ohio, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (pl. 12 fig. 10) and paratype (pl. 12 fig. 11) are BV specimens and stored at the Orton Museum, Ohio State University, coll. no. 9188. Both collected by Morningstar.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Bird (1968) consistently used a feminine ending for all species of Grammatodon, but the gender of the genus is masculine; the correct spelling is biplicatus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC2FFCDFD8C83D3FC90FAF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC2FFCDFDE48438FC29F85C.text	B77687CEFFC2FFCDFDE48438FC29F85C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon blairi Miller & Gurley 1896	<div><p>Macrodon blairi Miller &amp; Gurley, 1896</p><p>Original source</p><p>Miller &amp; Gurley (1896): 11, pl. 2 figs 19–24.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Chouteau limestone”; Kinderhookian, Mississippian, Carboniferous (see Thompson 2001).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“near Sedalia, Missouri ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Stored at the University of Cincinnati Museum (now Cincinnati Museum Center) with 20 “ cotypes ” under coll. no. 3930 to 3935, coll. Miller (see Chappars 1936).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As Parallelodon blairi in Moore (1928) and Williams (1943).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC2FFCDFDE48438FC29F85C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC1FFCEFDAA8042FE65FC27.text	B77687CEFFC1FFCEFDAA8042FE65FC27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca bodana Roemer 1860	<div><p>Arca (?) bodana Roemer, 1860</p><p>Original source</p><p>Roemer (1860): 6, pl. 2 fig. 13; originally as “ Bodana ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Graue Kalke”, beds with “ Spirifer ” [ Cyrtospirifer] disjunctus J. De C. Sowerby in Sedgwick &amp; Murchison, 1840; Givetian or lower Frasnian, Devonian (Amler &amp; Friedel 2025).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Bergfeld bei Elbingerode-Rübeland, Harz Mts, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Morphology matches that of species of Parallelodon, but the arrangement of the hinge teeth is unknown (Amler &amp; Friedel 2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC1FFCEFDAA8042FE65FC27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC1FFCEFD8C828BFD64F993.text	B77687CEFFC1FFCEFD8C828BFD64F993.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon brenensis Reed 1932	<div><p>Parallelodon brenensis Reed, 1932</p><p>Original source</p><p>Reed (1932): 44, pl. 8 fig. 7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Agglomeratic slate of Kashmir”; uppermost Carboniferous to lowermost Permian (Vaidyanadhan &amp; Ramakrishnan 2010; Kumar et al. 2025).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Bren Spur, Srinagar district, Jammu and Kashmir, India.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Based on a single specimen (K 24.897), stored at the Geological Survey of India, Kolkata.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Species discussed by Waterhouse (1987: 136).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC1FFCEFD8C828BFD64F993	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC1FFCFFDD3871EFDBCFD96.text	B77687CEFFC1FFCFFDD3871EFDBCFD96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pterinea brilonensis Kayser 1872	<div><p>Pterinea brilonensis Kayser, 1872 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Kayser (1872): 675, pl. 27 fig. 2; originally as “ Brilonensis ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Briloner Eisenstein/Rotheisenstein”; Stringocephalenkalk (Beushausen 1895), upper Givetian, Middle Devonian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Brilon ”; North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material (MB.M.400) is stored at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin and is figured in Kayser (1872: pl. 27 fig. 2) and Beushausen (1895: pl. 4 fig. 4).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Beushausen (1895: 39, pl. 4 figs 3–4) synonymised Pterinea brilonensis Kayser, 1872 with Pholadomya venusta Steininger, 1853 and placed the species in the genus Macrodus . Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) placed the species in Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC1FFCFFDD3871EFDBCFD96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC0FFCFFDE78319FDC1FACD.text	B77687CEFFC0FFCFFDE78319FDC1FACD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca cancellata J. De C. Sowerby 1824	<div><p>Arca cancellata J. De C. Sowerby, 1824</p><p>Original source</p><p>Sowerby (1824): 115, pl. 473 fig. 2.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Derbyshire Limestone”; Carboniferous Limestone, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Derbyshire, United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Stored at the Natural History Museum, London, with the coll. no. NHMUK PI OR 43184 (figured in Martin 1809: pl. 44 fig. 7 and Sowerby 1824: pl. 473 fig. 2 and Hind 1897: pl. 10 fig. 7). Sowerby reproduced the specimen as a mirror image.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The name was already previously mentioned as “ Conchyliolithus Arcites cancellatus ” by Martin (1809). However, that work did not apply the principles of binomial nomenclature and was placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Works in Zoological Nomenclature by Opinion 231 (ICZN 1954). Sowerby (1824) referred to Martin’s figure, described and illustrated it, and made the name available. Hind (1897) classified the species in Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC0FFCFFDE78319FDC1FACD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC0FFC8FE6884DDFC1BFDCF.text	B77687CEFFC0FFC8FE6884DDFC1BFDCF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conchyliolithus arcites Martin 1809	<div><p>Conchyliolithus Arcites cancellatus Martin, 1809 [unavailable]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Martin (1809): unpaginated text, pl. 44 fig. 7; originally as “ Conchyliolithus Arcites ( cancellatus)”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Martin did not indicate a horizon; Sowerby (1824) gave it as “Derbyshire Limestone”; Carboniferous Limestone, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>No specific locality was mentioned by Martin; Sowerby (1824) referred to it as “ Derbyshire Limestone ”, United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Stored at the Natural History Museum, London with the coll. no. NHMUK PI OR 43184 (figured in Martin 1809: pl. 44 fig. 7; Sowerby 1824: pl. 473 fig. 2 and Hind 1897: pl. 10 fig. 7). Sowerby reproduced the specimen as a mirror image.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Martin (1809) did not apply the principles of binomial nomenclature and was placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Works in Zoological Nomenclature by Opinion 231 (ICZN 1954). Sowerby (1824) referred to Martin’s figure, described and illustrated it, and made the name available (as Arca cancellata). Hind (1897) classified the species in Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC0FFC8FE6884DDFC1BFDCF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC7FFC8FDFB83D3FD23FAD2.text	B77687CEFFC7FFC8FDFB83D3FD23FAD2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon cancellosus Mather 1915	<div><p>Parallelodon cancellosus Mather, 1915</p><p>Original source</p><p>Mather (1915): 215 [there misspelt as “ Parrallelodon ”], pl. 15 fig. 7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Brentwood limestone”; Brentwood Limestone Member, Bloyd Formation, Bashkirian (Morrowan), Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous (Xie et al. 2018).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“near Fayetteville, Arkansas (Station 135)”; the station is further specified on p. 247 as “Fayetteville quadrangle: Brentwood limestone lentil. Three and a half miles northeast of Fayetteville, Ark. Abandoned quarry. S. 1/2, sec. 2, T. 16 N., R. 30 W.”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (FMNH UC 16062) stored at the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (formerly Walker Museum, University of Chicago, as indicated by Mather).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Species discussed in Hoare et al. (1989).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC7FFC8FDFB83D3FD23FAD2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC7FFC8FDEB84DDFE7EF867.text	B77687CEFFC7FFC8FDEB84DDFE7EF867.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon capillatus Waterhouse 1987	<div><p>Parallelodon capillatus Waterhouse, 1987</p><p>Original source</p><p>Waterhouse (1987): 135, pl. 1 figs 5–11.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Brae Formation”; Roadian, Guadalupian, Permian (Clapham &amp; James 2008).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“[L 4108]: Bowen Basin of central Queensland ”; south of Cracow, western flank of Pindari Hills, Queensland, Australia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a RV (UQF 70214; pl. 1 fig. 11). Additional material is illustrated (UGF 70216, UQF 70217, UQF 70213, UQF 70215). All stored at the Department of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Queensland, Brisbane.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC7FFC8FDEB84DDFE7EF867	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC6FFC9FD928042FB2BFBBE.text	B77687CEFFC6FFC9FD928042FB2BFBBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca carbonaria E. T. Cox 1857	<div><p>Arca carbonaria E.T. Cox, 1857</p><p>Original source</p><p>Cox (1857): 567, pl. 7 [sic, actually pl. 8] fig. 5.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“limestone over the main coal No. 11, [...] also in a limestone over an equivalent coal”; Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous (Bird 1968), exact age unknown; the species was later reported as common in the Lower Mercer Member, as well as in the Boggs and Upper Mercer members, of the Lower to Middle Pennsylvanian Pottsville Formation of Ohio (Morningstar 1922; Hoare et al. 1979).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Providence, Hopkins county; [...] on the property of Edward and William Hawes, near Hawesville, Hancock county, Kentucky ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Bird (1968) stated that the “ holotype of this species is lost and no topotype material [...] is available.”.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Herrick (1887) placed the species in Macrodon; Mark (1911) recombined the species as Parallelodon carbonarius (see also Hoare et al. 1979); Bird (1968) classified it in Grammatodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC6FFC9FD928042FB2BFBBE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC6FFC9FDEA8561FCF4F907.text	B77687CEFFC6FFC9FDEA8561FCF4F907.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon carnei Dun & Benson 1920	<div><p>Parallelodon carnei Dun &amp; Benson, 1920</p><p>Original source</p><p>Dun &amp; Benson (1920): 353, pl. 21 fig. 7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Lower Carboniferous (Burindi)”; probably correlated to the Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (see Dun &amp; Benson 1920: 371).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ south-eastern portion of Babbinboon ”; Babbinboon Mt near Tamworth, New South Wales, Australia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Based on a steinkern with a fragement of shell material. Collection not mentioned, but the authors stored material for several other species in the collection of the Geological Survey of New South Wales.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Not found in the literature after the original description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC6FFC9FDEA8561FCF4F907	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC6FFCAFEF087AAFCFAFE59.text	B77687CEFFC6FFCAFEF087AAFCFAFE59.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antonella catelliformis Astafieva-Urbajtis	<div><p>Antonella catelliformis Astafieva-Urbajtis in Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš, 1985</p><p>Original source</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985): 15, pl. 1 fig. 7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“verkhniy karbon, gzhel’skiy yarus”; Auernig Formation, Gzhelian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Yugoslaviya, gory Karavanke [...] Križovec 1 (Črni vrh) ”, Karavanke Mts, Slovenia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material is stored at the Gornjesavski muzej Jesenice, Slovenia, formerly Technical Museum of zelezarne Jesenica. Holotype with coll. no. USMJ 884.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC6FFCAFEF087AAFCFAFE59	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC5FFCAFF088340FEABFB5F.text	B77687CEFFC5FFCAFF088340FEABFB5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon changhsingensis Yang, He, K. - X. Zhang, S. - B. Wu, Y. Zhang, Yue, H. - T. Wu & Xiao 2016	<div><p>Parallelodon changhsingensis Yang, He, K.-X. Zhang, S.-B. Wu, Y. Zhang, Yue, H.-T. Wu &amp; Xiao, 2016</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yang et al. (2016): 105, text-fig. 3g –k.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Talung Formation, upper Changhsingian, Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Dongpan section, near Dongpan Village, Liuqiao Town, Fusui County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region ”; near the exit along road S60 to route G322, southeast of Chongzuo, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a RV (DP8051; text-fig. 3g). One paratype is mentioned (LV; DP1056; text-fig. 3h). Stored at the School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Note that the original work first appeared online in November 2015 but without a ZooBank registration (compare ICZN 1999, Art. 8.5.3). Therefore, the new species is available only from the printed version (2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC5FFCAFF088340FEABFB5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC5FFCBFE3E8442FE2DFEC9.text	B77687CEFFC5FFCBFE3E8442FE2DFEC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon chemungensis Hall & Whitfield 1869	<div><p>Macrodon chemungensis Hall &amp; Whitfield, 1869</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hall &amp; Whitfield (1869): 14.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Chemung group”; Upper Devonian (Brallier Formation and Jennings Formation; Amler &amp; Friedel 2025).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Philipsburgh and Rockville, Alleghany county; at Chemung creek in Chemung county, at Leon in Cattaraugus county, and near Elmira (New-York), and also at Meadville in Pennsylvania ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntypes (AMNH-FI-6556, FI-41953, FI-41954, FI-41955 (formerly 6132/1 to 6132/5)) are stored at the American Museum of Natural History, New York. McAlester (1962: 25, pl. 4 figs 1–2) designated the specimen illustrated by Hall (1885: pl. 51 fig. 14; AMNH-FI-41953 / 41954 (formerly 6132/1)) as the “holotype”, which however does not qualify for a valid lectotype designation (ICZN 1999, Art. 74.5).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>McAlester (1962: 25) classified the species in Grammatodon (Cosmetodon); Linsley (1994) listed it as Gramatodon [sic].</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC5FFCBFE3E8442FE2DFEC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC4FFCBFD85854CFB3CF92A.text	B77687CEFFC4FFCBFD85854CFB3CF92A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Byssoarca clathrata McCoy 1844	<div><p>Byssoarca clathrata McCoy, 1844</p><p>Original source</p><p>McCoy (1844): 72, pl. 11 fig. 34.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Middle Limestone or Calp Series (Griffith in McCoy 1862); probably Benbulben Shale Formation of the Tyrone Group, Arundian–Asbian, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Finner, Bundoran ”, County Donegal (Griffith in McCoy 1862), Ireland.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntypes probably lost (Hind 1897: 144, 174). Should have been stored at the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin as a part of coll. Griffith.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Hüffner (1915) and Amler (1987) attributed the species to the genus Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC4FFCBFD85854CFB3CF92A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC4FFCBFDF480D0FEC0FC62.text	B77687CEFFC4FFCBFDF480D0FEC0FC62.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon chihliensis Chao 1927	<div><p>Parallelodon chihliensis Chao, 1927</p><p>Original source</p><p>Chao (1927): 7, pl. 1 fig. 10a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“ Spirifer taiyuanensis zone, Houkou limestone, Lincheng coal field”; Houkou limestone, Taiyuan Formation, upper Carboniferous to lower Permian (Fang et al. 2009).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Lincheng coal field, S. Chihli ([...] Loc. 158)”; Lincheng County, Xingtai, Hebei, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a RV (no. 1216, pl. 1 fig. 10). Two additional specimens (without number) mentioned by the author. All stored at the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC4FFCBFDF480D0FEC0FC62	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC4FFC4FDF787F5FB50FD8C.text	B77687CEFFC4FFC4FDF787F5FB50FD8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon cochlearis Winchell 1863	<div><p>Macrodon cochlearis Winchell, 1863</p><p>Original source</p><p>Winchell (1863): 16.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Yellow Sandstone beneath Burlington Limestone”; Osagean, Tournaisian–Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Thompson 2001).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Burlington, Iowa ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Classified in Parallelodon by Moore (1928: 28) and in Grammatodon by Paul (1941: 114).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC4FFC4FDF787F5FB50FD8C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCBFFC4FDFF8588FB97F8EE.text	B77687CEFFCBFFC4FDFF8588FB97F8EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon comptus Gemmellaro 1892	<div><p>Macrodon comptus Gemmellaro, 1892</p><p>Original source</p><p>Gemmellaro (1892): 6.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Calcare grossolano con Fusulina ”; Wordian to upper Permian (Sanfilippo et al. 2017).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pietra di Salomone ”; 3 km southern of Palazzo Adriano, Palermo, Italy.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Gemmellaro did not designate types. He mentioned measurements of three specimens, but only the two figured syntypes are stored at the Museo Geologico Università Palermo, Italy (MGUP-001.264a and b).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Only briefly described in Gemmellaro (1892: 6); extended description and illustration in Gemmellaro (1896: 24, pl. 23 figs 4–5). Listed as Parallelodon by Branson (1948: 649).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCBFFC4FDFF8588FB97F8EE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCBFFC4FDEB8313FD82FB21.text	B77687CEFFCBFFC4FDEB8313FD82FB21.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon comoides De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon comoides De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 159, pl. 24 figs 52–53.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The figured syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels (RBINS a4720; old no. 1053; coll. de Ryckholt).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCBFFC4FDEB8313FD82FB21	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCAFFC5FD938043FCF6FC5D.text	B77687CEFFCAFFC5FD938043FCF6FC5D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Modiola concinna McCoy 1844	<div><p>Modiola concinna McCoy, 1844</p><p>Original source</p><p>McCoy (1844): 74, pl. 11 fig. 28.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Arenaceous Limestone of Yellow Sandstone Group (Griffith in McCoy 1862); Dinantian (TournaisianVisean), Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Townparks, Killeshandra ”, County Cavan (Griffith in McCoy 1862), Ireland.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype (designated by Hind 1897, as “the type”; NMING: F7359) figured by McCoy (1844: pl. 11 fig. 28) and Hind (1897: 153, pl. 12 fig. 16). Stored at the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin as part of the Griffith collection.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Hind (1897: 153) synonymised M. concinna and A. fimbriata McCoy, 1844 with a question mark and used the name Parallelodon concinnus for both species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCAFFC5FD938043FCF6FC5D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCAFFC5FDF7854CFC62F906.text	B77687CEFFCAFFC5FDF7854CFC62F906.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon cooperi L. R. Cox 1946	<div><p>Parallelodon cooperi L.R. Cox, 1946</p><p>Original source</p><p>Cox (1946): 612, pl. 13 fig. 4.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Sekondi Series (Upper Palaeozoic)”; original collection label states “Devono-Carboniferous Sekondi Series”; Takoradi Sandstones and Takoradi Shales, Lower Devonian to lower Carboniferous (Machens 1973).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Accra, west of Cape Coast and 45 miles from Cape Coast to beyond Takoradi; Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (as the only specimen) is a RV stored at the Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK PI PL 485; positiv and negativ).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Further mentioned by Machens (1973) and Amler &amp; Friedel (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCAFFC5FDF7854CFC62F906	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCAFFC6FDDD87AAFD29FD27.text	B77687CEFFCAFFC6FDDD87AAFD29FD27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon corrugatus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon corrugatus De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 160, pl. 25 figs 1–2.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels (RBINS a4723; old no. 1159; coll. de Ryckholt).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCAFFC6FDDD87AAFD29FD27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC9FFC6FD8F838AFE0CFAC8.text	B77687CEFFC9FFC6FD8F838AFE0CFAC8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carbonarca cortazari Barrois 1882	<div><p>Carbonarca cortazari Barrois, 1882</p><p>Original source</p><p>Barrois (1882): 337, pl. 17 fig. 1a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Assise de la Leña”; probably Namurian (Serpukhovian, Mississippian to Bashkirian, Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous (Malvesy et al. 2000).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Sebarga, Pont de Demues ”; Sebarga and Pont de Demuès (not found, but according to Barrois 1882: 537, 15 km E of Demuès), Asturias, Spain.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a LV (MGL 4864) and stored at Musée d’Histoire naturelle de Lille (Malvesy et al. 2000).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As “ Parallelodon (Carbonarca) Cortazari ” in De Koninck (1885: 142); not found discussed in the literature afterwards.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC9FFC6FD8F838AFE0CFAC8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC9FFC7FDDD84D6FDB2FEC9.text	B77687CEFFC9FFC7FDDD84D6FDB2FEC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Byssoarca costellata McCoy 1844	<div><p>Byssoarca costellata McCoy, 1844 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>McCoy (1844): 72, pl. 11 fig. 36.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Upper Limestone of Limestone Group (Griffith in McCoy 1862); probably Dartry Limestone Formation of the Tyrone Group (Asbian, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Black Lion, Enniskillen ”, County Leitrim (Griffith in McCoy 1862), Ireland.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The figured specimen is lost (Hind 1897: 146). It should have been stored at the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin, as part of the Griffith collection. Another syntype (NMING, coll. no. F7309) is available there.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Considered a junior synonym of Parallelodon cancellatus “(Martin, 1809) ” [actually (J. De C. Sowerby, 1824)] by Hind (1897: 144).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC9FFC7FDDD84D6FDB2FEC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC8FFC7FDE98518FB77F959.text	B77687CEFFC8FFC7FDE98518FB77F959.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon curtus Dawson 1868	<div><p>Macrodon curtus Dawson, 1868 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Dawson (1868): 302.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“bed (e)”, on p. 280 further specified as “Stewiacke limestone [...], Productus Limestone ”; part of the Windsor Group (middle–upper Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous according to Utting (1978) and Calder (1998).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Windsor”; Nova Scotia, Canada.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The whereabouts of the material are unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Bell (1929: 156) synonymised M. curtus with Parallelidon [sic] hardingi Dawson, 1868 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC8FFC7FDE98518FB77F959	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC8FFC7FDC380D0FAF5FB91.text	B77687CEFFC8FFC7FDC380D0FAF5FB91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon crebristriatus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon crebristriatus De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 145, pl. 21 figs 10–12.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère des Pauquys (étage II)”; Waulsort Formation, upper Tournaisian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pauquys ”; Hastière, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4664 (coll. de Ryckholt).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Questionable synonym of Parallelodon haimeanus (De Koninck, 1851) according to Amler (1987).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC8FFC7FDC380D0FAF5FB91	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFC8FFC0FE068640FC4CFDE9.text	B77687CEFFC8FFC0FE068640FC4CFDE9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon datianensis Li & Ding	<div><p>Parallelodon datianensis Li &amp; Ding in Ding et al., 1982</p><p>Original source</p><p>Ding et al. (1982): 313, pl. 123 fig. 7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Changhsingian, Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Huangkeng, Datian County, Fujian, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The figured holotype is a steinkern of a RV (HI-2549). The storage is unknown. Probably Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFC8FFC0FE068640FC4CFDE9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCFFFC0FDE48330FD50FA01.text	B77687CEFFCFFFC0FDE48330FD50FA01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelidon dawsoni Beede 1911	<div><p>Parallelidon [sic] dawsoni Beede, 1911</p><p>Original source</p><p>Beede (1911): 168, unnumbered text-fig. on p. 168.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Carbonic (Mississippic); ferruginous magnesian limestone” (probably Windsor Group; middle to upper Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous according to Utting 1978) and “bed (e)” / “Stewiacke limestone [...], Productus Limestone ” (part of the Windsor Group; see also M. hardingi).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Magdalen Island, Grindstone Island, Cape le Trou at the west coast”; Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Quebec, and “Windsor”; Nova Scotia, Canada.</p><p>Type material</p><p>In addition to material from Grindstone Island, Beede selected one of the two specimens of M. hardingi of Dawson (1868: text-fig. 102b on p. 302) as belonging to this new species. He did not select a type. The material of Dawson (1868) is stored at the Redpath Museum of the McGill University, under coll. no. 2820. The whereabouts of Beede’s remaining material are unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Also listed by Bell (1929) and Calder (1998), who also adopted the spelling error of the genus. Listed by Paul (1941: 115) as Grammatodon dawsoni .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCFFFC0FDE48330FD50FA01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCFFFC1FD9184A8FC49FDF3.text	B77687CEFFCFFFC1FD9184A8FC49FDF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca decheni von Koenen 1879	<div><p>Arca decheni von Koenen, 1879</p><p>Original source von Koenen (1879): 337.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Bromberg Formation (also called “Formation der Kieseligen Übergangsschichten”); upper Asbian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Weinberg (also known as “ Geistlicher Berg ”), northern periphery of Herborn, Hesse, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Von Koenen (1879) did not provide a precise list of specimens. He mentioned several specimens from Herborn, but only one specimen has been found (GZG.INV.2420; formerly 563-47); it was designated as the lectotype by Friedel &amp; Amler (2024: fig. 5a). The whereabouts of the remaining syntypes from Herborn are unknown. In addition, a paralectotype from Nehden (GZG.INV.10322) is available; figured by Friedel &amp; Amler (2024: fig. 5e–f). Lectotype and paralectotype stored at the GeoZentrum Göttingen.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Recently revised as Parallelodon decheni by Friedel &amp; Amler (2024).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCFFFC1FD9184A8FC49FDF3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCEFFC1FDD8841BFCBFF800.text	B77687CEFFCEFFC1FDD8841BFCBFF800.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon delicatus Meek & Worthen 1870	<div><p>Macrodon delicatus Meek &amp; Worthen, 1870</p><p>Original source</p><p>Meek &amp; Worthen (1870): 40.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Upper Coal Measures” (= Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Springfield, Illinois ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Occurs in a species list in Savage (1924); mentioned as Grammatodon in Demanet (1941); listed and illustrated as Parallelodon by Hoare et al. (1979).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCEFFC1FDD8841BFCBFF800	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCEFFC1FD8A833EFEE8FA94.text	B77687CEFFCEFFC1FD8A833EFEE8FA94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psammobia decussata McCoy 1844	<div><p>Psammobia decussata McCoy, 1844</p><p>Original source</p><p>McCoy (1844): 53, pl. 10 fig. 2.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Lower Limestone of Limestone Group (Griffith in McCoy 1862); probably Ballyshannon Limestone Formation of the Tyrone Group, Chadian–Arundian, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Little Island, Cork ”, County Cork (Griffith in McCoy 1862), Ireland.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype (designated by Hind 1897, as “the type”): NMING: F7260 (Griffith coll.). Also figured by Hind (1897: 159, pl. 11 fig. 22). Stored at the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>De Koninck (1885) attributed the species to the genus Parallelodon, which was followed by Amler (1987: 170).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCEFFC1FD8A833EFEE8FA94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCDFFC2FDC0829FFEC0F920.text	B77687CEFFCDFFC2FDC0829FFEC0F920.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carbonarca depressa Meek & Worthen 1870	<div><p>Carbonarca depressa Meek &amp; Worthen, 1870</p><p>Original source</p><p>Meek &amp; Worthen (1870): 40.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Upper Coal Measures” (= Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Lasalle, Ill.” [Lasalle, Illinois], United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Introduced conditionally for specimens of Carbonarca gibbosa Meek &amp; Worthen, 1870 that are “more depressed and oblique than the typical form.” The authors stated further: “these may possibly belong a to a distinct species if the differences noted are not due to accidental distortion. If really distinct, this form might be called C. depressa ”. Only mentioned in the PhD thesis of Griffin (1931); not found elsewhere in the literature.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCDFFC2FDC0829FFEC0F920	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCDFFC2FDE38043FD96FC12.text	B77687CEFFCDFFC2FDE38043FD96FC12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon delitescens Beushausen 1895	<div><p>Macrodon delitescens Beushausen, 1895</p><p>Original source</p><p>Beushausen (1895): 41, pl. 4 fig. 5.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Stringocephalenkalke”; upper Givetian, Middle Devonian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Soetenich ”; Sötenich near Kall, Euskirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The species was based on one LV (MB.M.75), which was destroyed and is only preserved in small fragments at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Additional material from the “Unterer Plattenkalk” (upper Givetian) from Bergisch Gladbach (Bergisches Land, Germany) is also stored in the Ebbighausen coll. (MB.M.21252) at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (Amler &amp; Friedel 2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCDFFC2FDE38043FD96FC12	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCDFFC3FD8E8789FC5EFDB5.text	B77687CEFFCDFFC3FD8E8789FC5EFDB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon depressus Hyde 1953	<div><p>Parallelodon depressus Hyde, 1953</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hyde (1953): 299.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“sandstone in the Allensville member of the Logan formation”; earliest Osagean (upper Tournaisian), Mississippian, Carboniferous (Matchen &amp; Kammer 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Rushville, Ohio, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Specimens are stored at Ohio State University, O.S.U. No. 19671. Driscoll (1965: 100, pl. 16 figs 4–5) figured the holotype and paratype and synonymised the species with P. marshallensis (Winchell, 1862) . He considered the other specimens as not belonging to Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCDFFC3FD8E8789FC5EFDB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCCFFC3FDEC8365FE14FB91.text	B77687CEFFCCFFC3FDEC8365FE14FB91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon desioi Fantini Sestini 1965	<div><p>Parallelodon desioi Fantini Sestini, 1965</p><p>Original source</p><p>Fantini Sestini (1965): 144, pl. 20 figs 9–10.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Gircha Formation, Lower Permian”; Lupghar Formation, Sakmarian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Abgarch Valley, east of Mor Khun ”; Abgarch, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a LV (P 1780), one additional specimen mentioned. All stored at the Paleontology Institute of Milan University.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCCFFC3FDEC8365FE14FB91	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFCCFFC3FDEF8518FDFCF829.text	B77687CEFFCCFFC3FDEF8518FDFCF829.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon dickinsi Waterhouse 1980	<div><p>? Parallelodon dickinsi Waterhouse, 1980</p><p>Original source</p><p>Waterhouse (1980): 103; figured by Dickins (1963: pl. 3 figs 1–5) as P. subtilistriatus .</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Lower Liveringa Formation”; given as Kungurian (Cisuralian, Permian) by Waterhouse, but Mii et al. (2013) classify the Liveringa Group in the Guadalupian–Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Mt Marmion, Western Australia ”; Fitzroy Basin, western Kimberley, Australia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a LV (CPC [“CDC”] 45359, according to Waterhouse 1980; UWA 45359, according to Dickins 1956), figured by Dickins (1963: pl. 3 figs 2–3) as P. subtilistriatus Wanner, 1922 . Further material is a RV (UWA 45358) and a LV (UWA 45360). Holotype stored at the Commonwealth Palaeontological Collection of Geoscience Australia (CPC), formerly at the Geology Department of the University of Western Australia (UWA). However, the specimen is not listed in the CPC collection catalogue of Strusz (1996).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Waterhouse introduced the species based on six specimens that had been misidentified as P. subtilistriatus Wanner, 1922 by Dickins (1963).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFCCFFC3FDEF8518FDFCF829	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF3FFFCFDD78238FB03FA5C.text	B77687CEFFF3FFFCFDD78238FB03FA5C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon dokutschajewi Amalitsky 1886	<div><p>Macrodon dokutschajewi Amalitsky, 1886</p><p>Original source</p><p>Amalitsky (1886): 50, pl. 1 figs 17–18; originally as Dokutschajewi.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Tatarian (Capitanian to Lopingian), Permian (Maslennikov 1935: 40).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“u Chubalova” [near Chubalovo]; S of Gorbatov along the Oka River, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Volga-Oka Basin, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Listed by Netschajew (1894: 84) and, as Parallelodon, by Maslennikov (1935: 12, 40).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF3FFFCFDD78238FB03FA5C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF3FFFCFDEF8043FC6AFCF1.text	B77687CEFFF3FFFCFDEF8043FC6AFCF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon dilatatus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon dilatatus De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 160, pl. 24 figs 46–47.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is inventoried at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels (RBINS a4722), but the specimen could not be found and is potentially lost.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF3FFFCFDEF8043FC6AFCF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF3FFFDFDEE8743FC85FD96.text	B77687CEFFF3FFFDFDEE8743FC85FD96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca elegans De Koninck 1842	<div><p>Arca elegans De Koninck, 1842 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1842): 117, pl. 3 fig. 3a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire de montagne de Visé”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The material of De Koninck (1842–1844) is stored in the collection of the Géologie de l’Université Lyon, but the syntypes of this species could not be found there.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>De Koninck mentioned that he only had a damaged specimen of this species. Junior homonym of Arca elegans Roemer, 1836; Arca elegantula De Koninck, 1844 (p. 634) is a replacement name; valid as Cypricardinia elegantula . See there for further details.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF3FFFDFDEE8743FC85FD96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF2FFFDFD818319FD38FAF1.text	B77687CEFFF2FFFDFD818319FD38FAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca elegantula De Koninck 1844	<div><p>Arca elegantula De Koninck, 1844</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1844): 634.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire de montagne de Visé”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The material of De Koninck (1842–1844) is stored in the collection of the Géologie de l’Université Lyon, but the syntypes of this species could not be found there.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Replacement name for Arca elegans De Koninck, 1842 (p. 117, pl. 2 fig. 3a–b), non Arca elegans Roemer, 1836 . De Koninck (1885) attributed the species to Parallelodon . Today valid as Cypricardinia elegantula according to Amler (1987).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF2FFFDFD818319FD38FAF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF2FFFDFE8C8438FB50F8CC.text	B77687CEFFF2FFFDFE8C8438FB50F8CC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucullopsis elongata Astafieva-Urbajtis	<div><p>Cucullopsis elongata Astafieva-Urbajtis in Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš, 1985</p><p>Original source</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985): 11, pl. 1 fig. 8.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“verkhniy karbon, gzhel’skiy yarus”; Auernig Formation, Gzhelian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Yugoslaviya, gory Karavanke [...] Križovec 1 (Črni vrh) ”, Karavanke Mts, Slovenia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material is stored at the Gornjesavski muzej Jesenice, Slovenia, formerly Technical Museum of zelezarne Jesenica. Holotype is a steinkern of a BV specimen with the coll. no. USMJ 885.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF2FFFDFE8C8438FB50F8CC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF1FFFEFDDA8238FDA5F909.text	B77687CEFFF1FFFEFDDA8238FDA5F909.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon elongatus Hind 1904	<div><p>Parallelodon elongatus Hind, 1904 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hind (1904): 138, pl. 24 fig. 16.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Knipe Scar Limestone”; Great Knipe Scar Limestone Group, Asbian, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Shap, Westmoreland ”; Cumbria, United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The figured specimen is a steinkern of a LV and stored at the Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK PI L 47736; coll. Hind).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Junior homonym of Parallelodon elongatus Yanishevsky, 1900, a Carboniferous species from Russia, and secondary homonym of Macrodon [= Parallelodon] elongatus Bittner, 1901, a Triassic species from Hungary (see also ICZN 1999, Art. 57.3.2.). Also, a potential, secondary homonym of Cucullaea elongata J. De C. Sowerby, 1824, which was placed in Parallelodon by some authors (e.g., Kunz 1964). Currently, the species is classified in Grammatodon (Cosmetodon) according to Fürsich et al. (2019). A replacement name is required.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF1FFFEFDDA8238FDA5F909	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF1FFFEFDD08043FE22FCF0.text	B77687CEFFF1FFFEFDD08043FE22FCF0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon elongatus Yanishevsky 1900	<div><p>Parallelodon elongatus Yanishevsky, 1900</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yanishevsky (1900): 222, pl. 4 fig. 2.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985) indicated a Baskhirian (Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous) age, while Mychko et al. (2025), based on a wider assessment of the area, attributed strata around the type locality to the Visean (Mississippian) to Bashkirian (Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Shartymka River, ca 8 km SE of Polyakovka, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material (KP 426/450) is stored at the A.A. Shtukenberg Geological Museum of Kazan Federal University, Kazan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF1FFFEFDD08043FE22FCF0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF1FFFFFDE68790FD59FC06.text	B77687CEFFF1FFFFFDE68790FD59FC06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Grammatodon erectumbona Bird 1968	<div><p>Grammatodon erectumbona Bird, 1968</p><p>Original source</p><p>Bird (1968): 138, pl. 12 figs 12–13, 14a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Bed ten of Gaptank Formation”; Upper Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous according to Wardlaw &amp; Nestell (2019).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“[USNM] locality 700a – same as locality 700 [2 miles S. 17° E. of Gaptank, 1 1/ 4 miles E. of a point on the Fort Stockton road 2 miles S. of Gaptank, about 23 1/ 2 miles NE of Marathon, Texas] but 1/ 4 mile E. in a small canyon ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a BV specimen (USNM PAL 155833; pl. 12 fig. 14a–b). Paratypes are a RV (USNM PAL 155834; pl. 12 fig. 12) and a LV (USNM PAL 155852; pl. 12 fig. 13). All stored at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Paleobiology Collection, Washington, D.C.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Bird (1968) consistently used a feminine ending for all species of Grammatodon, but the gender of the genus is masculine. The species is named after its “erect broad umbones” (Bird 1968: 138), however the epithet is not formed following Latin grammar; in case of doubt a species name is to be considered a noun in apposition (ICZN 1999, Art. 31.2.2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF1FFFFFDE68790FD59FC06	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF0FFFFFDE282AAFDA2F998.text	B77687CEFFF0FFFFFDE282AAFDA2F998.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon eximius De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon eximius De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 153, pl. 26 fig. 16.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4698 (old no. 1046).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF0FFFFFDE282AAFDA2F998	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF0FFF8FDEB8707FC5BFDF3.text	B77687CEFFF0FFF8FDEB8707FC5BFDF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon expansus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon expansus De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 144 [as P. dilatatus], 260 (Corrections), pl. 21 figs 13–15, 22–23 [as P. expansus].</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère des Pauquys (étage II)”; Waulsort Formation, upper Tournaisian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pauquys ”; Hastière, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntypes are stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4660 (old no. 691; pl. 21 figs 13–15) and coll. no. RBINS a4661 (old. no. 678; pl. 21 figs 22–23).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>De Koninck (1885) erected two species with the same name ( dilatatus) and renamed one of them in the Corrections (p. 260) as P. expansus . The name dilatatus on p. 144 is therefore an incorrect original spelling and not a separately available name (ICZN 1999, Art. 32.4).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF0FFF8FDEB8707FC5BFDF3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF7FFF8FDA5833EFE46FA64.text	B77687CEFFF7FFF8FDA5833EFE46FA64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca faba De Koninck 1842	<div><p>Arca faba De Koninck, 1842</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1842): 115, pl. 2 fig. 17a–d [sic, actually fig. 17a–c]; originally as “ Faba ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire anthraxifère supérieur de Visé” specified as “calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)” by De Koninck (1885); V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The material of De Koninck (1842) is stored in the collection of the Géologie de l’Université Lyon, but the specimen stored there as the illustrated syntype (UCBL-EM 35411) does not match the figures. De Koninck illustrated a BV specimen and a RV, the material stored in Lyon is a damaged LV. Additional material (RBINS a4687, RBINS a4688, RBINS a4689) of De Koninck (1885) is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>De Koninck (1885) placed this species in Parallelodon; the species name is a noun in apposition and does not change its ending.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF7FFF8FDA5833EFE46FA64	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF7FFF9FDEE874BFD13FE59.text	B77687CEFFF7FFF9FDEE874BFD13FE59.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon facetus Miller & Gurley 1896	<div><p>Macrodon facetus Miller &amp; Gurley, 1896</p><p>Original source</p><p>Miller &amp; Gurley (1896): 10, pl. 1 figs 14–16.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Chouteau limestone”; Kinderhookian, Mississippian, Carboniferous (see Thompson 2001).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“near Sedalia, Missouri ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Stored at the University of Cincinnati Museum (now Cincinnati Museum Center) with six “cotypes” under coll. no. 3905–3906, coll. Miller (see Chappars 1936).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As Parallelodon facetus in Moore (1928).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF7FFF9FDEE874BFD13FE59	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF6FFF9FDAD8347FC79FB7D.text	B77687CEFFF6FFF9FDAD8347FC79FB7D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca fallax De Koninck 1851	<div><p>Arca fallax De Koninck, 1851</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1851): 672 [22], pl. 57 fig. 6a–c, in the plate caption as “ Arca (Cucullaea) fallax ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère inférieur de Visé”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown. Additional material (RBINS a4696, RBINS a4697) of De Koninck (1885) is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>De Koninck (1885) placed this species in the genus Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF6FFF9FDAD8347FC79FB7D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF6FFFAFDD085ADFBB8FE69.text	B77687CEFFF6FFFAFDD085ADFBB8FE69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca fimbriata De Koninck 1844	<div><p>Arca fimbriata De Koninck, 1844 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1844): 634 (121, pl. 2 fig. 13 as A. squamosa).</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire de Visé”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntypes are stored in the collection of the Géologie de l’Université Lyon. Syntype UCBL-EM 35397 (figured) is a BV specimen; three further BV specimens are available (UCBL-EM 35398 to 35400).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Replacement name for Arca squamosa De Koninck, 1842 (p. 121, pl. 2 fig. 13) introduced by De Koninck himself in the correction part of the same book (livr. 14: 634). However, fimbriata is a junior homonym of Arca fimbriata McCoy, 1844 and thus invalid as well. McCoy’s work was published in October 1844 (Wyse Jackson &amp; Monaghan 1994), the last parts of De Koninck’s book supposedly in December of the same year (Sherborn 1922). However, there is still uncertainty as to the exact publication dates of the individual parts of De Koninck’s monograph. McCoy even referred to De Koninck’s work in the preface, but only mentioned livr. 1–12, supporting the notion that livr. 14 with the replacement name appeared later. Consequently, De Koninck’s species is still without a valid name.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF6FFFAFDD085ADFBB8FE69	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF5FFFAFDF380B1FA81FB13.text	B77687CEFFF5FFFAFDF380B1FA81FB13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca fimbriata McCoy 1844	<div><p>Arca fimbriata McCoy, 1844 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>McCoy (1844): 71, pl. 12 fig. 8.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Lower Limestone of Limestone Group (Griffith in McCoy 1862); probably Ballyshannon Limestone Formation of the Tyrone Group, Chadian–Arundian, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Ballyduff, Dungarven ”, County Waterford (Griffith in McCoy 1862), Ireland.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The syntype (NMING: F5139) is badly preserved. We doubt that this is the specimen illustrated by McCoy. It is stored in the Griffith coll. of the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Senior homonym of Arca fimbriata De Koninck, 1844 . Hind (1897: 153) synonymised A. fimbriata with a question mark with M. concinna McCoy, 1844 and used the name P. concinnus for both species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF5FFFAFDF380B1FA81FB13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF5FFFAFDCE859EFD19F872.text	B77687CEFFF5FFFAFDCE859EFD19F872.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cypricardinia fossa Campbell & Engel 1963	<div><p>Cypricardinia? fossa Campbell &amp; Engel, 1963</p><p>Original source</p><p>Campbell &amp; Engel (1963): 103, pl. 7 figs 18–24.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Limestone at the top of the Tulcumba Sandstone, today Dangarfield Formation, Tournaisian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>North of the Wean-Manilla Road, north-east of Rangari Homestead, Rangari Area, New South Wales, Australia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (F.7603) and paratypes (F.7604 to 7629) from the type locality, and one paratype (F.7630) from Swain’s Gully, Merlewood (ca 20 miles south of the type locality). All stored at the University of New England Collection, Maine.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Yoo (1988: 238, figs 126–127) placed the species in the genus Parallelodon, yet without discussion; the species is not found discussed elsewhere.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF5FFFAFDCE859EFD19F872	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF4FFFBFDE88043FE67FBBF.text	B77687CEFFF4FFFBFDE88043FE67FBBF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon fraiponti De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon fraiponti De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 146, pl. 24 figs 3, 24, pl. 25 fig. 23.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntypes are stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4666 (old no. 989; pl. 24 fig. 3), coll. no. RBINS a4667 (old no. 993; pl. 24 fig. 24; coll. de Ryckholt) and RBINS a4668 (old no. 988; pl. 25 fig. 23; coll. de Ryckholt).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>De Koninck (1885) introduced a new name for “ Arca obtusa var.” in De Koninck (1842: pl. 2 fig. 15a–b, not 15c–d), non Phillips.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF4FFFBFDE88043FE67FBBF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF4FFFBFDE78562FE25F909.text	B77687CEFFF4FFFBFDE78562FE25F909.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon geinitzi De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon geinitzi De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 159, pl. 24 figs 50–51.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Visé”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype (RBINS a4719; old no. 1343; coll. de Ryckholt) designated by Friedel &amp; Amler (2024) is a BV steinkern. Paralectotype is a steinkern of a RV ( RBINS a4719; old no. 1342). The lectotype has been figured by De Koninck (1885: pl. 24 figs 50–51). Both stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF4FFFBFDE78562FE25F909	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF4FFF4FDE98790FACEFDE8.text	B77687CEFFF4FFF4FDE98790FACEFDE8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca striata var. geinitziana Krotov 1885	<div><p>Arca striata var. geinitziana Krotov, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>Krotov (1885): 246, pl. 3 fig. 13; originally as “ Geinitziana ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Artinskian, Cisuralian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Yazva River, below the village of Verkhnyaya Yazva; near the village of Antipina ”; Perm Krai, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Two syntype specimens, one of which was figured (263; Pjotr I. Krotov coll.), are stored at the A.A. Shtukenberg Geological Museum of Kazan Federal University, Kazan.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Branson (1948) and Friedel et al. (2025) treated the taxon as a distinct species, Parallelodon geinitzianus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF4FFF4FDE98790FACEFDE8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFBFFF4FDDA845BFB81F8E7.text	B77687CEFFFBFFF4FDDA845BFB81F8E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carbonarca gibbosa Meek & Worthen 1870	<div><p>Carbonarca gibbosa Meek &amp; Worthen, 1870</p><p>Original source</p><p>Meek &amp; Worthen (1870): 40.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Upper Coal Measures”; today Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Springfield, Illinois ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Type species of Carbonarca, listed in McAlester (1968) and Newell (1969).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFBFFF4FDDA845BFB81F8E7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFBFFF4FD8C8330FBE9FB54.text	B77687CEFFFBFFF4FD8C8330FBE9FB54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon geminum Waagen 1881	<div><p>Macrodon geminum Waagen, 1881</p><p>Original source</p><p>Waagen (1881): 255, pl. 20 fig. 3.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Productus-limestone”; middle to upper Permian (Henderson &amp; Shen 2020).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Morah” and “Khura”; Morah between Faisalabad and Lahore and Khura near Khushab, Punjab province, Pakistan.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Waagen mentioned two specimens, both LV, for description. Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Listed also by Reed (1944) and, as Parallelodon geminus, by Branson (1948).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFBFFF4FD8C8330FBE9FB54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFAFFF5FE0B8043FBD5FBBE.text	B77687CEFFFAFFF5FE0B8043FBD5FBBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodus koeneni var. gibbosus Tornquist 1896	<div><p>Macrodus koeneni var. gibbosus Tornquist, 1896 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Tornquist (1896): 103 [637], pl. 19 fig. 12; originally as “ Koeneni var. gibbosus ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“[in der] schiefrigen Facies des Kohlenkalks” (Tornquist 1895: 23) [shaly facies of the Carboniferous Limestone]; middle to upper Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Amler 1987).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Hohlweg unterhalb der Ferme [Bauernhof] Pütig”; along the route from Bourbach-le-Haut to Masevaux, Département Haut-Rhin, France.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The whereabouts of the material studied by Tornquist (1896) are unknown. He stated the material as belonging to the “Geologische Landesanstalt Elsass-Lothringen”. Amler (1987) stated that the Tornquist collection in the Strasbourg Museum was destroyed in a fire (see also Hubmann 2014).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Introduced as a new variety based on the greater width of the shell compared to the nominal form. Synonym of Parallelodon koeneni (Tornquist, 1896) according to Amler (1987).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFAFFF5FE0B8043FBD5FBBE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFAFFF5FDEA8561FE22F9D3.text	B77687CEFFFAFFF5FDEA8561FE22F9D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon gibbosus Yanishevsky 1900	<div><p>Parallelodon gibbosus Yanishevsky, 1900</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yanishevsky (1900): 223, pl. 4 fig. 1a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985) indicated a Baskhirian (Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous) age, while Mychko et al. (2025), based on a wider assessment of the area, attributed strata around the type locality to the Visean (Mississippian) to Bashkirian (Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Shartymka River, ca 8 km SE of Polyakovka, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material (KP 426/449) is stored at the A.A. Shtukenberg Geological Museum of Kazan Federal University, Kazan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFAFFF5FDEA8561FE22F9D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFAFFF6FDFB87DEFE40FE58.text	B77687CEFFFAFFF6FDFB87DEFE40FE58.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon glaber Yanishevsky 1900	<div><p>Parallelodon glaber Yanishevsky, 1900</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yanishevsky (1900): 222, pl. 3 fig. 25.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985) indicated a Baskhirian (Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous) age, while Mychko et al. (2025), based on a wider assessment of the area, attributed strata around the type locality to the Visean (Mississippian) to Bashkirian (Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Shartymka River, ca 8 km SE of Polyakovka, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material (KP 426/444, 456, 464) is stored at the A.A. Shtukenberg Geological Museum of Kazan Federal University, Kazan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFAFFF6FDFB87DEFE40FE58	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF9FFF6FDE38340FBAAFB5F.text	B77687CEFFF9FFF6FDE38340FBAAFB5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon grandis Yanishevsky 1900	<div><p>Parallelodon grandis Yanishevsky, 1900</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yanishevsky (1900): 217, pl. 3 fig. 27.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985) indicated a Baskhirian (Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous) age, while Mychko et al. (2025), based on a wider assessment of the area, attributed strata around the type locality to the Visean (Mississippian) to Bashkirian (Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Shartymka River, ca 8 km SE of Polyakovka, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material of other parallelodontid species described by Yanishevsky (1900) is stored at the A.A. Shtukenberg Geological Museum of Kazan Federal University, Kazan; material of P. grandis seems to be missing though.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Listed also in Yanishevsky (1910); not found in the literature afterwards.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF9FFF6FDE38340FBAAFB5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF9FFF6FE7B8442FDB6F800.text	B77687CEFFF9FFF6FE7B8442FDB6F800.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon guangxiensis Pojeta, Zhang & Z. - Y. Yang 1986	<div><p>Parallelodon guangxiensis Pojeta, Zhang &amp; Z.-Y. Yang 1986</p><p>Original source</p><p>Pojeta et al. (1986): 88, pl. 35 fig. 2, pl. 38 figs 3–4, 6–7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Sipai Formation (Emsian) Section 3, Beds 12, 13”; Lower Devonian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Heping Village, Yongfu County, Guangxi ”, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (GXD-038) is a LV. Several paratypes available (GXD-037, -644, -646, -656, -651). All stored at the Yichang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources (today Wuhan Center of China Geological Survey), Wuhan, China.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Listed also in Liao &amp; Ruan (2003) and Chen et al. (2018); Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) doubted affinities with parallelodontid arcoids.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF9FFF6FE7B8442FDB6F800	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF8FFF7FD8685F3FD02F8D1.text	B77687CEFFF8FFF7FD8685F3FD02F8D1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca haimeana De Koninck 1851	<div><p>Arca haimeana De Koninck, 1851</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1851): 672 [22], pl. 57 fig. 9a–c; in the plate caption as “ Arca (Cucullaea) Haimeana ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère inférieur de Visé”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Visé”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Hind (1897) attributed the species to the genus Parallelodon, Paul (1941) to Grammatodon . Revised (as Parallelodon haimeanus) by Amler (1987).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF8FFF7FD8685F3FD02F8D1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF8FFF7FEA28043FEFAFDD1.text	B77687CEFFF8FFF7FEA28043FEFAFDD1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon guizhouensis Lan & Xu 1980	<div><p>Parallelodon guizhouensis Lan &amp; Xu in Yao et al., 1980 [nomen nudum]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yao et al. (1980): 8 (table).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Mentioned only in a table in Yao et al. (1980) from the Lower Changxing [Changhsing] Limestone (Lopingian; Zhang 2009) at Zhongling, Nayong, Guizhou and Zhongying, Qinglong, Guizhou (China). However, the species was not described and is therefore a nomen nudum; not found in the literature afterwards.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF8FFF7FEA28043FEFAFDD1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFF8FFF7FDF583D8FE27FB2D.text	B77687CEFFF8FFF7FDF583D8FE27FB2D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon gushiensis Wang 1982	<div><p>Parallelodon gushiensis Wang, 1982</p><p>Original source</p><p>Wang (1982): 459, pl. 2 figs 22–33.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Lower section of the Miaochong Formation; Pennsylvanian (Zhang 2009).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Eastern slope of Daorenchong, Gushi County, Henan, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The holotype (Y0059) and paratypes (Y0060 to Y0069) are stored at the Henan Geological Bureau, Zhengzhou, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFF8FFF7FDF583D8FE27FB2D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFFFFF0FDC88043FA98FC01.text	B77687CEFFFFFFF0FDC88043FA98FC01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon hamiltoniae Hall & Whitfield 1869	<div><p>Macrodon hamiltoniae Hall &amp; Whitfield, 1869</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hall &amp; Whitfield (1869): 13.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Hamilton group [...] soft shales of Bedford”; Middle Devonian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“in most of the localities from Schoharie county to the centre of the State, [...] in Onandaga county, and at Canandaigua and Seneca lakes . [...] in the town of Bedford, Cuyahoga county, Ohio ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Hall did not designate a holotype; syntypes (AMNH-FI-5301, AMNH-FI-6555) are stored at the American Museum of Natural History, New York.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Pojeta et al. (1986: 89) placed the species in Parallelodon, Linsley (1994) in Gramatodon [sic].</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFFFFF0FDC88043FA98FC01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFFFFF0FD8082A8FE1CF8BC.text	B77687CEFFFFFFF0FD8082A8FE1CF8BC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon hardingi Dawson 1868	<div><p>Macrodon hardingi Dawson, 1868</p><p>Original source</p><p>Dawson (1868): 302, text-fig. 102a–c; originally as “ Hardingi ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“bed (e)”, on p. 280 further specified as “Stewiacke limestone [...], Productus Limestone ”; part of the Windsor Group, middle to upper Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Utting 1978).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Windsor ”; Nova Scotia, Canada.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Dawson had two specimens. Beede (1911) selected the specimen figured on fig. 102a of Dawson (1868) as the “type” (constituting a valid lectotype designation). He separated the other specimen as a new species: dawsoni . Both species are stored together at the Redpath Museum of McGill University, Montreal, Canada, under coll. no. 2820 (coll. Dawson and Hartt).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As Parallelidon [sic] hardingi in Beede (1911: 168, textfig.) and Bell (1929: 156, pl. 26 figs 13–19); as Grammatodon hardingi in Paul (1941: 118); as Grammatodon (Parallelidon) [sic] hartingi [sic] in Calder (1998: 297).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFFFFF0FD8082A8FE1CF8BC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFFFFF1FD9A8663FAA5FDCA.text	B77687CEFFFFFFF1FD9A8663FAA5FDCA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prorhynchus harrisi Caster 1930	<div><p>Prorhynchus harrisi Caster, 1930</p><p>Original source</p><p>Caster (1930): 202 [60], pl. 44 [23] fig. 7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“sandstone, below the Olean conglomerate”; Lower Mississippian, Carboniferous (Berg et al. 1993).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Stickley, Pa.”; apparently misspelling of Stickney, 15 km west of Bradford, Pennsylvania, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Studied material is stored at the paleontological collection of Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, under the coll. no. 5235. There seems to be only an external mould of a LV as the base of this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFFFFF1FD9A8663FAA5FDCA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFEFFF1FDFF83D5FCF4FA01.text	B77687CEFFFEFFF1FDFF83D5FCF4FA01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Grammatodon hexacostata Bird 1968	<div><p>Grammatodon hexacostata Bird, 1968</p><p>Original source</p><p>Bird (1968): 139, pl. 13 figs 1–2.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Bed ten of Gaptank Formation”; Upper Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous according to Wardlaw &amp; Nestell (2019).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“[USNM] locality 700a – same as locality 700 [2 miles S. 17° E. of Gaptank, 1 1/ 4 miles E. of a point on the Fort Stockton road 2 miles S. of Gaptank, about 23 1/ 2 miles NE of Marathon, Texas] but 1/ 4 mile E. in a small canyon ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a RV (USNM PAL 155835; pl. 13 fig. 1a–b). Paratype is a RV (USNM PAL 155836; pl. 13 fig. 2a–b). All stored at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Paleobiology Collection, Washington, D.C.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Bird (1968) consistently used a feminine ending for all species of Grammatodon, but the gender of the genus is masculine; the correct spelling is hexacostatus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFEFFF1FDFF83D5FCF4FA01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFEFFF2FD9B84A8FAF2FE29.text	B77687CEFFFEFFF2FD9B84A8FAF2FE29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon hohmanni Knod 1908	<div><p>Macrodon hohmanni Knod, 1908</p><p>Original source</p><p>Knod (1908): 530, pl. 25 figs 8–9a; originally as “ Hohmanni ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Devonian (no further information given).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Yura . 80 km O. von Huanchaca ” [Yura, 80 km east of Huanchaca]; Potosí Department, Bolivia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntypes (coll. no. 512, 513) are stored in the type cabinet of the collection of the Geologisches Institut of the University Freiburg (Knod 1908: 494).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Knod (1908) himself doubted the systematic position. Cossmann (1909: 21) stated that “it is probably neither a Parallelodon nor a Beushausenia ” (translated from French). The name was not found in literature after that. Placement uncertain (Amler &amp; Friedel 2025); potentially a leptodesmatid (JCF pers. obs.).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFEFFF2FD9B84A8FAF2FE29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFDFFF2FE6980F1FD27FC13.text	B77687CEFFFDFFF2FE6980F1FD27FC13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon hubeiensis R. - J. Zhang 1977	<div><p>Parallelodon hubeiensis R.-J. Zhang in R.-J. Zhang et al., 1977</p><p>Original source</p><p>Zhang et al. (1977): 491, pl. 192 fig. 16.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Wujiaping Formation, Wuchiapingian, Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Lichuan, Hubei province, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a BV specimen (IV 55308) which is stored at the Hubei Institute of Geology (today Hubei Institute of Geosciences), Wuhan, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFDFFF2FE6980F1FD27FC13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFDFFF2FDFC829FFDF0FA75.text	B77687CEFFFDFFF2FDFC829FFDF0FA75.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon illinoiensis Weller 1916	<div><p>Parallelodon illinoiensis Weller, 1916</p><p>Original source</p><p>Weller (1916): 249, pl. 16 fig. 24.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Ste. Genevieve Limestone”; Chesterian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Fountain Creek, two miles SW of Waterloo, Monroe County, Illinois ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (FMNH UC 14833) stored at the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (formerly Walker Museum, University of Chicago).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFDFFF2FDFC829FFDF0FA75	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFDFFF3FDEA84A5FBE4FEC9.text	B77687CEFFFDFFF3FDEA84A5FBE4FEC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carbonarca inaequivalvis Wanner 1922	<div><p>? Carbonarca inaequivalvis Wanner, 1922</p><p>Original source</p><p>Wanner (1922): 71, pl. 154 fig. 3a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Probably Cisuralian, Permian (Charlton et al. 2002).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Basleo”; Basleo near Niki-Niki, East Nusa Tenggara, Timor Tengah Selatan, West Timor, Indonesia (Charlton et al. 2002).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Wanner (1922) described this species as unequivalved. No straight hinge line is recognisable in his illustrations, accordingly the assignment to the genus Parallelodon is doubtful.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFDFFF3FDEA84A5FBE4FEC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFCFFF3FE7E80D7FACFFB04.text	B77687CEFFFCFFF3FE7E80D7FACFFB04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca inermis G. Sandberger & F. Sandberger 1854	<div><p>Arca inermis G. Sandberger &amp; F. Sandberger, 1854 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Sandberger &amp; Sandberger (1850–1856): pl. 28 fig. 11 [description on p. 274 appeared in 1856].</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Stringocephalenkalk”; upper Givetian, Middle Devonian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Villmar ”; Villmar near Limburg on the Lahn, Hesse, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Nine syntypes (MWNH-DEVO-000232) are stored at the Museum Wiesbaden, Hessisches Landesmuseum für Kunst und Natur. One of the shells is the type material of Macrodus villmarensis Beushausen, 1895 .</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Sandberger &amp; Sandberger (1856: 274) listed Arca michelini d’Archiac &amp; Verneuil, 1842 in synonymy, but without explanation. We are not aware of any homonymy issue; therefore, their name is a junior objective synonym of A. michelini (today in Parallelodon). Sandberger &amp; Sandberger distinguished a longer (fig. 11) and a shorter (fig. 11a) variety; Beushausen (1895) separated the latter as a new species, Macrodus villmarensis, and treated the elongated variety as M. michelini d’Archiac &amp; de Verneuil, 1842 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFCFFF3FE7E80D7FACFFB04	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFFCFFF3FE1585ABFD92F829.text	B77687CEFFFCFFF3FE1585ABFD92F829.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon pygmaeus var. infans Whidborne 1896	<div><p>Parallelodon pygmaeus var. infans Whidborne, 1896</p><p>Original source</p><p>Whidborne (1896): 112, pl. 12 figs 4–5.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Pilton Shales, Pilton Formation, upper Famennian, Upper Devonian (Amler 1995).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Quarry Poleshill, Bradiford near Barnstaple, Devon, United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype (LV steinkern) designated by Amler (1995: pl. 1 fig. 11), coll. no. SM.H.324 (coll. Porter, also figured in Whidborne 1896: pl. 12 fig. 5). Paralectotype (RV steinkern), coll. no. SM.H.325, figured by Whidborne (1896: pl. 12 fig. 4) and Amler (1995: pl. 1 fig. 10). Both stored at the Sedgwick Museum Cambridge.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Re-described by Amler (1995).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFFCFFF3FE1585ABFD92F829	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE3FFECFDC28043FBB2FC24.text	B77687CEFFE3FFECFDC28043FBB2FC24.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon insignis Korejwo & Teller 1964	<div><p>Parallelodon insignis Korejwo &amp; Teller, 1964</p><p>Original source</p><p>Korejwo &amp; Teller (1964): 239, pl. 3 figs 8–10, text-fig. 5.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Upper Monograptus angustidens (= Uncinatograptus uniformis angustidens) zone, originally correlated with the Ludlowian (upper Silurian), presently considered to represent the lowermost Devonian (Becker et al. 2020).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Borehole at Chełm, Lublin Voivodeship, Poland.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>According to Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) not belonging to parallelodontids.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE3FFECFDC28043FBB2FC24	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE3FFECFDDB828BFACFF92A.text	B77687CEFFE3FFECFDDB828BFACFF92A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon intermedius De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon intermedius De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 149, pl. 26 figs 5, 10–12, 17–18.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère des Pauquys et de Furfooz (étage II)”; Waulsort Formation, upper Tournaisian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pauquys, Furfooz ”; Hastière and Dinant, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntypes are stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4682 (old no. 692; pl. 26 fig. 5; coll. Dupont), RBINS a4683 (old no. 689; pl. 26 fig. 10; coll. Dupont), RBINS a4684 (old no. 656; pl. 26 figs 11–12; coll. Dupont), RBINS a4685 (old no. 690; pl. 26 figs 17–18; coll. Dupont).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Potentially a senior synonym of Parallelodon simplex (Tornquist, 1896) according to Amler (1987: 164).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE3FFECFDDB828BFACFF92A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE3FFEDFDE787F5FCBCFC93.text	B77687CEFFE3FFEDFDE787F5FCBCFC93.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Palaearca interrupta De Koninck 1876	<div><p>Palaearca interrupta De Koninck, 1876</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1876): 287, pl. 16 fig. 5.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Etheridge (1878: 63, there as “ Arca ”) listed the age of this species as “Carboniferous”; this was repeated by Waterhouse (1958). Campbell &amp; Bein (1971) considered the strata at the locality as probably lower Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Burragood, on the right bank of the Paterson River, New South Wales, Australia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Placed by Reed (1932) and Termier et al. (1974) in Parallelodon (as “ interrupta ”, but Parallelodon is masculine). In some cases, the first description is cited as of 1898, which is the publication date of the English translation of De Koninck’s (1876) work.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE3FFEDFDE787F5FCBCFC93	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE2FFEDFE15821EFD3BF9B4.text	B77687CEFFE2FFEDFE15821EFD3BF9B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon interruptus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon interruptus De Koninck, 1885 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 148, pl. 25 figs 31–32.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère des Pauquys (étage II)”; Waulsort Formation, upper Tournaisian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pauquys ”; Hastière, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4679 (old no. 696; pl. 25 figs 31–32; coll. Dupont).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Secondary homonym of Palaearca interrupta De Koninck, 1876, which was placed in Parallelodon by Reed (1932) and Termier et al. (1974).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE2FFEDFE15821EFD3BF9B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE2FFEEFE2F877BFCADFDB5.text	B77687CEFFE2FFEEFE2F877BFCADFDB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon hamiltoniae var. irvinensis Foerste 1909	<div><p>Macrodon hamiltoniae var. irvinensis Foerste, 1909</p><p>Original source</p><p>Foerste (1909): 521, pl. 27 fig. 15a–c; originally as “ hamiltoniae-irvinensis var. nov.”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Bedford-Berea”; upper Famennian, Upper Devonian (Over 2021).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Indian Fields, Irvine, Kentucky ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntype (USNM PAL 78759) stored at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Paleobiology Collection, Washington, D.C.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The variety was raised to species level and placed in Parallelodon by Hyde (1953: 300), Driscoll (1965: 99) and and Pashin &amp; Ettensohn (1992: 28).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE2FFEEFE2F877BFCADFDB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE1FFEEFF3784F0FDEAF861.text	B77687CEFFE1FFEEFF3784F0FDEAF861.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucullopsis quadrata subsp. jugoslavica Astafieva-Urbajtis	<div><p>Cucullopsis quadrata jugoslavica Astafieva-Urbajtis in Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš, 1978</p><p>Original source</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1978): 11, pl. 1 figs 4–6.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“verkhniy karbon, gzhel’skiy yarus”; Auernig Formation, Gzhelian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Karavanke Alps (loc. Spodnja počivala = ‘ Javornik-Fall’, Javorniški rovt)”, Slovenia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material is stored at the Gornjesavski muzej Jesenice, Slovenia, formerly Technical Museum of zelezarne Jesenica. Holotype has the coll. no. USMJ 61, additionally figured specimens stored under coll. no. USMJ 63 and USMJ 107.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE1FFEEFF3784F0FDEAF861	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE1FFEEFEE88365FD26FB90.text	B77687CEFFE1FFEEFEE88365FD26FB90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon javornikensis Astafieva-Urbajtis	<div><p>Parallelodon javornikensis Astafieva-Urbajtis in Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš, 1978</p><p>Original source</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1978): 10, pl. 1 fig. 2a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“verkhniy karbon, gzhel’skiy yarus”; Auernig Formation, Gzhelian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Karavanke Alps (loc. Spodnja počivala = ‘ Javornik-Fall’, Javorniški rovt)”, Slovenia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material is stored at the Gornjesavski muzej Jesenice, Slovenia, formerly Technical Museum of zelezarne Jesenica (holotype: USMJ 65).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE1FFEEFEE88365FD26FB90	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE1FFEEFE978518FC46FA29.text	B77687CEFFE1FFEEFE978518FC46FA29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon jiaozishanensis Lan & Xu 1980	<div><p>Parallelodon jiaozishanensis Lan &amp; Xu in Yao et al., 1980 [nomen nudum]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yao et al. (1980): 8 (table).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Mentioned only in a table in Yao et al. (1980) from the Upper Changxing [Changhsing] Limestone (Lopingian; Zhang 2009) at Jiaozi Mt, Anshun, Guizhou (China). However, the species was not described and is therefore a nomen nudum; not found in the literature afterwards.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE1FFEEFE978518FC46FA29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE0FFEFFE5F8043FCA6FC94.text	B77687CEFFE0FFEFFE5F8043FCA6FC94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon junggarensis Z. - R. Yang 1983	<div><p>Parallelodon junggarensis Z.-R. Yang in Wei &amp; Z.-R. Yang, 1983</p><p>Original source</p><p>Wei &amp; Yang (1983): 392, pl. 156 fig. 16a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Shiqiantan Formation, “Middle Carboniferous”; as Shihchientan Formation in Zhang (2009), Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Kelameli [also transliterated as Kelamaili], East Junggar, Xinjiang, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Yang did not designate a holotype, but the illustrated specimen (XBA-336) is stored at Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Urumqi, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE0FFEFFE5F8043FCA6FC94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE0FFEFFE07821BFC2AFBD0.text	B77687CEFFE0FFEFFE07821BFC2AFBD0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon kamaiensis Nelzina 1960	<div><p>Parallelodon kamaiensis Nelzina, 1960 [nomen nudum]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Nelzina (1960): 49.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Listed by Nelzina (1960) from the lower Permian of Samarskaya Luka at the western slope of Ural Mts, Russia. Nomen nudum, no description or indication provided.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE0FFEFFE07821BFC2AFBD0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE0FFEFFDFD85DFFD61F898.text	B77687CEFFE0FFEFFDFD85DFFD61F898.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon kansasensis Sayre 1930	<div><p>Parallelodon kansasensis Sayre, 1930</p><p>Original source</p><p>Sayre (1930): 108, pl. 9 figs 4–7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Drum limestone, oolitic member”; Kansas City Formation, Missouri Group, Missourian, Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous (Moore 1949).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Turner, Cherryvale (station 40) and Independence (stations 12, 23), Kansas; and Kansas City, Mo.”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>No types designated; whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As Grammatodon kansasensis in Bird (1968).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE0FFEFFDFD85DFFD61F898	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE0FFE8FDDD8607FCDCFD55.text	B77687CEFFE0FFE8FDDD8607FCDCFD55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon kilmoriensis Chapman 1908	<div><p>? Parallelodon kilmoriensis Chapman, 1908</p><p>Original source</p><p>Chapman (1908): 39, pl. 4 fig. 58 (59?).</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Silurian (Melbournian)”; Yan Yean Formation, Wenlock–Ludlow, Silurian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Police paddock, Kilmore, Bb. 22”; Kilmore, County of Dalhousie, Victoria, Australia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a steinkern (coll. no. P 7925). One additional specimen available, also steinkern (coll. no. P 7926). Stored at the collections of the Museums Victoria, Melbourne.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Mentioned in the type catalogue of Gill &amp; Davies (1968). Systematic classification questionable, may rather be a taxodont protobranch (Amler &amp; Friedel 2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE0FFE8FDDD8607FCDCFD55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE7FFE8FE2F8244FC2AF9B4.text	B77687CEFFE7FFE8FE2F8244FC2AF9B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca kingiana de Verneuil	<div><p>Arca kingiana de Verneuil in Murchison et al., 1845</p><p>Original source</p><p>Murchison et al. (1845): 313, pl. 19 fig. 11; originally as “ Kingiana ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Calcaires d’Iltchegulova. […] Ces calcaires sont subordonnés à la grande masse des grès et des conglomérats du système permien, et en forment ordinairement la base”; Ilchegulova, basal limestone, Kungurian, Permian (Friedel et al. 2025).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Calcaires d’Iltchegulova, dans la vallée de la Dioma, gouvernement d’Orenbourg”; Dyoma [Dema] river valley, Il’chegulovo [Il’chigulovo], Bashkortostan Republic, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>De Verneuil probably erected the species on a single LV, whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Placed in the genus Macrodon by several authors (Chernyshev 1885; Amalitsky 1886; Netschajew 1894) and later in Parallelodon by Likharev (1925; as “ P. kingi ”), Maslennikov (1935; as “ P. kingi ”) and Friedel et al. (2025). See Friedel et al. (2025) for further info.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE7FFE8FE2F8244FC2AF9B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE7FFE9FE09877BFD0CFE59.text	B77687CEFFE7FFE9FE09877BFD0CFE59.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon kiptschakensis Aleksandri-Sadova 1959	<div><p>Parallelodon (?) kiptschakensis Aleksandri-Sadova, 1959</p><p>Original source</p><p>Aleksandri-Sadova (1959): p. 172, unnumbered pl. figs 1–19.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Karagandinsnaya svita” [Karaganda Formation]; upper Visean to Serpukhovian (Sadykov &amp; Korobkin 2019), Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“r. Kipchak” [ Kipchak River]; Karaganda Basin, near Saran, Kazakhstan.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Studied material stored at the Academician F.N. Chernyshev Central Geological Research Museum (TsNIGR museum), St Petersburg under collection no. 4 to 19/10967 (Romanovskaya et al. 1979: 124).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Species not found in any subsequent work.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE7FFE9FE09877BFD0CFE59	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE6FFE9FDF18340FBEEFB5E.text	B77687CEFFE6FFE9FDF18340FBEEFB5E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodus kochi Spriestersbach 1919	<div><p>Macrodus kochi Spriestersbach, 1919</p><p>Original source</p><p>Spriestersbach (1919): 461, pl. 33 fig. 1; originally as “ Kochi ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“aus den Oberen Honselner Schichten”; Upper Honsel Formation, lower Givetian, Middle Devonian (German Stratigraphic Commission 2016; Löw et al. 2022).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“links an der Strasse dicht unter Neuloh, Blatt Herscheid [...]; Gardeweg, Blatt Wipperfürth”; the former locality Neuloh does not exist anymore, it is located along today’s A45 highway near Lüdenscheid-Piepersloh; the locality Gardeweg is north of Wipperfürth, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntypes are a LV (whereabouts unknown) and a figured RV (MB.M.411, coll. Spriestersbach) which is stored at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Not a Parallelodon, probably a taxodont protobranch (Amler &amp; Friedel 2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE6FFE9FDF18340FBEEFB5E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE6FFE9FD838442FCAAF85C.text	B77687CEFFE6FFE9FD838442FCAAF85C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodus koeneni Tornquist 1896	<div><p>Macrodus koeneni Tornquist, 1896</p><p>Original source</p><p>Tornquist (1896): 102 [636], pl. 19 fig. 5; originally as “ Koeneni ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“[in der] schiefrigen Facies des Kohlenkalks” (Tornquist 1895: 23) [shaly facies of the Carboniferous Limestone]; middle to upper Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Amler 1987).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Hohlweg unterhalb der Ferme [Bauernhof] Pütig ”; along the route from Bourbach-le-Haut to Masevaux, Département Haut-Rhin, France.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The whereabouts of the material studied by Tornquist (1896) are unknown. He stated the material as belonging to the “Geologische Landesanstalt Elsass-Lothringen”. Amler (1987) stated that the Tornquist collection in the Strasbourg Museum was destroyed in a fire (see also Hubmann 2014).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Revised as Parallelodon koeneni by Amler (1987).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE6FFE9FD838442FCAAF85C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE5FFEAFE1C8043FD4AFBBF.text	B77687CEFFE5FFEAFE1C8043FD4AFBBF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon konincki Etheridge in De Koninck 1898	<div><p>Parallelodon konincki Etheridge in De Koninck, 1898</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1898): 225 (footnote).</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Gympie Beds”; as “?Malchi Fm.” (Mississippian, Carboniferous) in Rozefelds et al. (1990).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Rockhampton District, Queensland, Australia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The specimens illustrated by Etheridge (1892) and referred to in De Koninck (1898) are stored at the Queensland Museum under coll. no. F1211 and F1212 (De Vis collection; Rozefelds et al. 1990: 696).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>In the English translation of De Koninck’s (1876) work on Australian Palaeozoic fossils, the translator W.S. Dun remarked in a footnote for Palaearca costellata McCoy, 1944 that the species identified by Etheridge (1892) as Parallelodon costellata might be an undescribed species: “Mr. Etheridge suggests the possibility of the Queensland form being a new species – Parallelodon Konincki, Eth. fil. ” The species was not found in the literature after that.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE5FFEAFE1C8043FD4AFBBF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE5FFEAFDCF8562FC00F8FA.text	B77687CEFFE5FFEAFDCF8562FC00F8FA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon koninckianus Yanishevsky 1900	<div><p>Parallelodon koninckianus Yanishevsky, 1900</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yanishevsky (1900): 219, pl. 3 figs 28–29; originally as “ Koninckianus ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985) indicated a Baskhirian (Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous) age, while Mychko et al. (2025), based on a wider assessment of the area, attributed strata around the type locality to the Visean (Mississippian) to Bashkirian (Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Shartymka River, ca 8 km SE of Polyakovka, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material (KP 426/442) is stored at the A.A. Shtukenberg Geological Museum of Kazan Federal University, Kazan.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Yanishevsky compared his species with Parallelodon bistriata (Portlock, 1843) (originally in Pullastra), P. elegantulus (De Koninck, 1844) and P. undatus De Koninck, 1885 . The former two species are now placed in Cypricardinia, the last one with question mark in Parallelodon (Amler 1987) . Listed also in Yanishevsky (1910, 1915); not found in the literature afterwards.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE5FFEAFDCF8562FC00F8FA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE4FFEBFDFC8561FA91F963.text	B77687CEFFE4FFEBFDFC8561FA91F963.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca lacordairiana De Koninck 1842	<div><p>Arca lacordairiana De Koninck, 1842</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1842): 119, pl. 2 fig. 14a–c; originally as “ Lacordairiana ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire anthraxifère supérieur de Visé et à Tournay dans l’argile”; V3b and V3c, Visean, and Tn3a und Tn3b, Tournaisian, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Visé” and “Tournay”; Visé, quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006) and Tournai, Hainaut Province, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntype (UCBL-EM 35401) is stored in the collection of the Géologie de l’Université Lyon, but does not match the figure. It is a RV, but De Koninck illustrated a BV specimen.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>De Koninck (1885: 157) himself placed this species in Parallelodon (as P. lacordaireanus [sic]).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE4FFEBFDFC8561FA91F963	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE4FFEBFDD58043FEE0FBBE.text	B77687CEFFE4FFEBFDD58043FEE0FBBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon kungurense Stuckenberg 1898	<div><p>Macrodon kungurense Stuckenberg, 1898</p><p>Original source</p><p>Stuckenberg (1898): 209 [Russian], 338 [German], pl. 2 fig. 5a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Branson (1948) indicated a Kungurian (Cisuralian, Permian) age for the type locality.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Na pravom’ beregu r. Sylvy, na vershine izluchiny, obrashchennoy k’ severu, v’ 1 verste nizhe derevni Chastykh’, izvestnyak’ (C2) vystupayet’ v’ vide kamnya Glazyrya, vozvyshayushchagosya do 100 metrov’ nad’ vodoyu” [On the right bank of the Sylva River, at the top of the bend facing north, in a 1-km section below the village of Chastykh [Chastye?], a limestone (C2) formation emerges in the form of the Glazyr hill rising up to 100 meters above the water]; Perm Krai, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Girty (1909a: 407) considered this species (as M. kungurensis) to be related with his Parallelodon multistriatus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE4FFEBFDD58043FEE0FBBE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE4FFE4FDD5864EFD4AFD27.text	B77687CEFFE4FFE4FDD5864EFD4AFD27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon lamellifer De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon lamellifer De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 151, pl. 26 figs 7–8.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4693 (old no. 1039; coll. de Ryckholt).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE4FFE4FDD5864EFD4AFD27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEBFFE4FDD7838AFED9FB5F.text	B77687CEFFEBFFE4FDD7838AFED9FB5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon laminatus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon laminatus De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 162, pl. 25 fig. 22, pl. 26 fig. 1.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire des Pauquys (étage II)”; Waulsort Formation, upper Tournaisian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pauquys ”; Hastière, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntypes are stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4730 (old no. 730; pl. 25 fig. 22; coll. Dupont) and RBINS a4731 (old no. 746; pl. 26 fig. 1; coll. Dupont).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEBFFE4FDD7838AFED9FB5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEBFFE4FE238442FC37F8F0.text	B77687CEFFEBFFE4FE238442FC37F8F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon laochangensis Feng, Cui & Liu 1992	<div><p>Parallelodon laochangensis Feng, Cui &amp; Liu, 1992</p><p>Original source</p><p>Feng et al. (1992): 515, pl. 7 figs 16–19.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Laochang, Lancang, Yunnan, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Feng et al. (1992) missed to indicate a holotype. The following specimens have been illustrated: 90L17 (LV, fig. 16a–b), 89L30 (steinkern of RV, fig. 17), 90L18 (external mould of RV, fig. 18), 90L19 (steinkern of LV, fig. 19). All specimens are kept in the Department of Geological History (today Department of Geobiology), of the School of Earth Sciences, Wuhan, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEBFFE4FE238442FC37F8F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEAFFE5FDD48043FBA7FD40.text	B77687CEFFEAFFE5FDD48043FBA7FD40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon latisinuatus Gemmellaro 1896	<div><p>Macrodon latisinuatus Gemmellaro, 1896</p><p>Original source</p><p>Gemmellaro (1896): 25, pl. 23 figs 1–3.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Calcare grossolano con Fusulina ”; Wordian to upper Permian (Sanfilippo et al. 2017).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pietra di Salomone ”; 3 km S of Palazzo Adriano, Palermo, Italy.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Gemmellaro did not designate types. His description based on three BV specimens (MGUP-001.263). All syntypes are stored at the Museo Geologico Università Palermo, Italy.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEAFFE5FDD48043FBA7FD40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEAFFE5FDF08269FDFAFA74.text	B77687CEFFEAFFE5FDF08269FDFAFA74.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon latus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon latus De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 146, pl. 24 figs 4–5.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4665 (old no. 1093; coll. de Ryckholt).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Discussed by Amler (1987: 171).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEAFFE5FDF08269FDFAFA74	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEAFFE5FE4584A5FB8DF85F.text	B77687CEFFEAFFE5FE4584A5FB8DF85F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon lianyuanensis R. - J. Zhang 1977	<div><p>Parallelodon lianyuanensis R.-J. Zhang in R.-J. Zhang et al., 1977</p><p>Original source</p><p>Zhang et al. (1977): 491, pl. 192 fig. 17.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Longtan Formation, Wuchiapingian, Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Lianyuan County, Loudi, Hunan Province, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a steinkern and external mould of a BV specimen (IV 55309) and it is stored at the Hubei Institute of Geology (today Hubei Institute of Geosciences), Wuhan, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEAFFE5FE4584A5FB8DF85F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE9FFE6FDFF8506FB5FF963.text	B77687CEFFE9FFE6FDFF8506FB5FF963.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca loftusiana Howse 1848	<div><p>Arca loftusiana Howse, 1848 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Howse (1848): 246.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Magnesian-limestone”; Ford or Raisby Formation, Zechstein, Changhsingian, Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Tunstall, Humbleton ”; County Tyne and Wear (formerly Durham), United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The whereabouts of the original material are unknown, probably kept in the collections of the Great North Museum: Hancock in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK (Friedel et al. 2025).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Later, Howse (1857) himself listed the species as synonymous to “ Macrodon striata ” [= P. striatus (von Schlotheim, 1820)], which was followed by Friedel et al. (2025); see there for further info.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE9FFE6FDFF8506FB5FF963	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE9FFE6FDD78043FC5DFB9B.text	B77687CEFFE9FFE6FDD78043FC5DFB9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon licharewi Maslennikov 1935	<div><p>Parallelodon licharewi Maslennikov, 1935</p><p>Original source</p><p>Maslennikov (1935): 85 [Russian], 113 [English], pl. 3 fig. 6a–e.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Upper Permian” (no further data given, might also be middle Permian following the revisions of Russian stratigraphy).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“s r. Vel’ - mezhdu ust’yami Shenoshi i Yelyugi i s r. Led’ - iz obnazheniya izvestnyakov u dd. Kokovinskoy i Paskinskoy” [from the Vel River - between the mouths of the Shenon and Elug rivers and from the Led River - from the limestone outcrop near the villages of Kokovinskaya and Paskinskaya]; Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Maslennikov stated that he had about 30 specimens. Syntypes (coll. no. 5833) are stored at the Academician F.N. Chernyshev Central Geological Research Museum (TsNIGR museum), St Petersburg, Russia (Lutaenko 2013).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Illustrated also in Muromtseva &amp; Guskov (1984: 37, pl. 36 figs 8–9).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE9FFE6FDD78043FC5DFB9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE9FFE7FDCC864EFA8BFD8C.text	B77687CEFFE9FFE7FDCC864EFA8BFD8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon longjiuensis Guo 1985	<div><p>Parallelodon longjiuensis Guo, 1985 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Guo (1985): 122, pl. 11 fig. 8.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Longjiu, Jiuzhai, Funing County, Yunnan, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Illustrated specimen (IVy 0132) is stored at the Geological Museum of China, Beijing.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Considered a synonym of Parallelodon qinghaiensis Liu in Gu et al., 1976 by Yang et al. (2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE9FFE7FDCC864EFA8BFD8C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE8FFE7FDEE8313FB5AFB21.text	B77687CEFFE8FFE7FDEE8313FB5AFB21.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon longum Maslennikov 1935	<div><p>Parallelodon longum Maslennikov, 1935</p><p>Original source</p><p>Maslennikov (1935): 86 [Russian], 114 [English], pl. 3 figs 7–8.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Upper Permian” (no further data given, might also be middle Permian following the revision of Russian stratigraphy).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“s r. Led’ vyshe d. Kokovinskoy” [on the Led River, upstream of Kokovinskaya village]; Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntypes are part of Vaga collection (coll. no. 5833). Stored at the Academician F.N. Chernyshev Central Geological Research Museum (TsNIGR museum), St Petersburg, Russia (Lutaenko 2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE8FFE7FDEE8313FB5AFB21	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFE8FFE7FDD08588FB60F827.text	B77687CEFFE8FFE7FDD08588FB60F827.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon louisianensis Williams 1931	<div><p>Parallelodon louisianensis Williams, 1931</p><p>Original source</p><p>Williams (1931): 139, pl. 1 figs 5–6.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Louisiana Limestone, Kinderhookian; Tournaisian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ locality 615, along the Mississippi River, at Louisiana, Missouri”; the locality is further specified on p. 133 as “NE. 1/4 sec. 18, T 54 N., R. 1 W. - North of Louisiana Milling Co., Louisiana, Missouri ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype, a LV (3656), and paratype, a RV (3657), are stored at the University of Missouri mentioned by Williams (1943).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Williams (1943) noted that the species might be a member of Cypricardinia, but the similarity to P. sulcatus (Weller, 1906) “outweighed other considerations and was the deciding factor.”</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFE8FFE7FDD08588FB60F827	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEFFFE0FE988043FC2CFC94.text	B77687CEFFEFFFE0FE988043FC2CFC94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nemodon magolici Astafieva-Urbajtis	<div><p>Nemodon magolici Astafieva-Urbajtis in Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš, 1985</p><p>Original source</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985): 12, pl. 1 figs 3–4.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“verkhniy karbon, gzhel’skiy yarus”; Auernig Formation, Gzhelian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Yugoslaviya, gory Karavanke [...] Planina pod Golico 2”, Karavanke Mts, Slovenia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material is stored at the Gornjesavski muzej Jesenice, Slovenia, formerly Technical Museum of zelezarne Jesenica. Holotype with coll. no. USMJ 851, additionally figured specimen (“ topotype ”) with coll. no. USMJ 852; further material mentioned by the author.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEFFFE0FE988043FC2CFC94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEFFFE0FDE6821BFD0CF9B9.text	B77687CEFFEFFFE0FDE6821BFD0CF9B9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon marinum Lobanova 1961	<div><p>Parallelodon marinum Lobanova, 1961</p><p>Original source</p><p>Lobanova (1961): p. 56, pl. 1 figs 4–6.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“iz verkhnepermskikh otlozheniya” [from upper Permian deposits]; no further details provided, may refer to middle or upper Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Zapadnogo Primor’ya, rayon pos. Grodekovo, mezhdurech’ye Takheyazha i Tochilki” [Western Primorye, Grodekovo settlement area, interfluve of the Takheyazh and Tochilka rivers], Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Figured specimen (holotype) is stored at the Academician F.N. Chernyshev Central Geological Research Museum (TsNIGR museum), St Petersburg, under coll. no. 3/9365 (see also Kadlets et al. 1996: 197).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Species not found in any subsequent work.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEFFFE0FDE6821BFD0CF9B9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEFFFE1FE108760FD74FE58.text	B77687CEFFEFFFE1FE108760FD74FE58.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodus (Parallelodon) mandelensis Dahmer 1915	<div><p>Macrodus (Parallelodon) mandelensis Dahmer, 1915</p><p>Original source</p><p>Dahmer (1915): 213, pl. 8 figs 14–16.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“obere Koblenzer Schichten”; Emsian, Lower Devonian (Amler &amp; Friedel 2025).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Hauberg bei Mandeln bei Dillenburg ” [Hau-Berg, Mandeln near Dillenburg]; Hesse, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material is stored at the Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, under coll. no. SMF60554, SMF67524 to SMF67526 (coll. Dahmer).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Recently studied by Amler &amp; Friedel (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEFFFE1FE108760FD74FE58	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEEFFE1FD8A8442FCF4F8CA.text	B77687CEFFEEFFE1FD8A8442FCF4F8CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon martellii de Stefani 1917	<div><p>Macrodon martellii de Stefani, 1917</p><p>Original source</p><p>de Stefani (1917): 27, pl. 1 figs 12, 15–16, 18–19, 21.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Rio Marina Formation, upper Carboniferous to lower Permian (De Stefani 1914; Bortolotti et al. 2001).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Cala Baccetti ”; a small bay south of Cavo, Elba Island, Italy.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Studied material (IGF 126E, IGF 127E, IGF 149E) is stored in the De Stefani collection at the Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze, Italy.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Not found in the literature after the original description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEEFFE1FD8A8442FCF4F8CA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEEFFE1FDDA8340FEC7FB5F.text	B77687CEFFEEFFE1FDDA8340FEC7FB5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sanguinolites marshallensis Winchell 1862	<div><p>Sanguinolites marshallensis Winchell, 1862</p><p>Original source</p><p>Winchell (1862): 415.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Marshall sandstone, Tournaisian–Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (McGlannan et al. 2022).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Marshall ”; Calhoun County, Michigan, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Winchell did not indicate a type or number of specimens. Driscoll (1965) reported a “holotype”, a RV (UMMP 26877) and a “paratype”, a poorly preserved specimen from the type locality (UMMP 44272). However, Driscoll’s designations as holotype/paratype are invalid; both are syntypes. Syntypes are stored at the University of Michigan, Museum of Paleontology, Ann Arbor.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Driscoll (1965) placed the species in Parallelodon (Cosmetodon) and illustrated the so-called “ holotype ” (pl. 16 figs 1–3).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEEFFE1FDDA8340FEC7FB5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEDFFE2FD9982C2FB8FFA57.text	B77687CEFFEDFFE2FD9982C2FB8FFA57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodus matthewi Clarke 1907	<div><p>Macrodus matthewi Clarke, 1907</p><p>Original source</p><p>Clarke (1907): 234, unnumbered text-fig.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Lower Devonic”; Dalhousie Group, Lower Devonian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Dalhousie, N.B.”; New Brunswick, Canada.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Also described in Clarke (1909); mentioned by Reed (1927). Due to the lack of hinge characters, Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) questioned a classification in the Parallelodontidae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEDFFE2FD9982C2FB8FFA57	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEDFFE2FDE28043FE5AFCDE.text	B77687CEFFEDFFE2FDE28043FE5AFCDE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon maslennikovi Kanev 2006	<div><p>Parallelodon maslennikovi Kanev, 2006</p><p>Original source</p><p>Kanev (2006): 119, fig. 18, ∂.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“verkhnyaya perm’, biarmiyskiy otdel, kazanskiy yarus, verkhnekazanskiy (krasnovidovskiy) pod”yarus” [upper Permian, Biarmian division, Kazanian stage, upper Kazanian (Krasnovidovian) substage].</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“p-ov Kanin, poberezh’ye Choshskoy guby mezhdu mysom Nadteysalya i mysom Yarnisalya” [Kanin Peninsula, coast of the Cheshskaya Bay between Cape Nedteysalya and Cape Yarnisalya]; Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (13/367) is a RV stored at the Geological Museum of the Institute of Geology Komi SC UB RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEDFFE2FDE28043FE5AFCDE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFEDFFE3FDD7875AFAB0FDCF.text	B77687CEFFEDFFE3FDD7875AFAB0FDCF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca mcoyana De Koninck 1851	<div><p>Arca mcoyana De Koninck, 1851 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1851): 670, pl. 57 fig. 8a–c; originally as “ M’Coyana ” in the text and as “ Arca (Cucullaea) M’Coyana ” in the plate caption.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère inférieur de Visé”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Visé”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Probably stored in the collection of the Géologie de l’Université Lyon, but not traced. Additional material of De Koninck stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Cucullaea tenuistria McCoy, 1844 was renamed Arca M’Coyana by De Koninck (1851: 670), only for the risk of confusion with the Cretaceous species Arca tenuistriata Münster in Goldfuss, 1837 (p. 142, erroneously listed as Arca tenuistria Münster in the index: 305). Since no homonymy exists, the name is a junior objective synonym of Parallelodon tenuistria . Apparently, De Koninck (1885: 162) realised that as well, ignored his earlier renaming, and used Parallelodon tenuistria as the valid name.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFEDFFE3FDD7875AFAB0FDCF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFECFFE3FDCC8401FDC5F805.text	B77687CEFFECFFE3FDCC8401FDC5F805.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca michelini d'Archiac & de Verneuil 1842	<div><p>Arca michelini d’Archiac &amp; de Verneuil, 1842</p><p>Original source</p><p>d’Archiac &amp; de Verneuil (1842): 373, pl. 36 fig. 6; originally as “ Michelini ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Age not stated; Middle or Upper Devonian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Paffrath”; near Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) placed this species in Parallelodon; see also discussion of Arca inermis G. Sandberger &amp; F. Sandberger, 1854 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFECFFE3FDCC8401FDC5F805	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFECFFE3FDC783D3FB5DFA9F.text	B77687CEFFECFFE3FDC783D3FB5DFA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon meridionalis De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon meridionalis De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 158, pl. 24 figs 7–13, pl. 25 figs 41–42, pl. 26 figs 6, 15.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calschiste des environs de Tournai (étage I)”; Tn3a and Tn3b, lower Ivorian, Tournaisian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958; Sartenaer &amp; Plodowski 1996; Poty et al. 2002; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Tournai ”; Hainaut Province, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntypes are stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4710 (old no. 215; pl. 24 figs 7–8), RBINS a4711 (old no. 150; pl. 24 fig. 10; coll. de Ryckholt), RBINS a4712 (old no. 137; pl. 24 figs 9, 11–12), RBINS a4713 (old no. 136; pl. 24 fig. 13; coll. de Ryckholt), RBINS a4714 (old no. 146; pl. 25 figs 41–42; coll. de Ryckholt), RBINS a4715 (old no. 146; pl. 26 fig. 6; coll. de Ryckholt) and RBINS a4716 (old no. 185; pl. 26 fig. 15, coll. Lettou).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFECFFE3FDC783D3FB5DFA9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF93FF9CFDCE8043FC04FCEF.text	B77687CEFF93FF9CFDCE8043FC04FCEF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon micronema Meek & Worthen 1866	<div><p>Macrodon micronema Meek &amp; Worthen, 1866</p><p>Original source</p><p>Meek &amp; Worthen (1866b): 261.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Chester division of the Subcarboniferous series”; Chesterian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“St. Genevieve County, Missouri [...]; Randolph County, Illinois ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As Parallelodon micronema in a species list in Mansfield (1927).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF93FF9CFDCE8043FC04FCEF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF93FF9CFDF18232FDD8F9B7.text	B77687CEFF93FF9CFDF18232FDD8F9B7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurophorus minima Worthen 1884	<div><p>Pleurophorus minima Worthen, 1884</p><p>Original source</p><p>Worthen (1884): 17.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Oolitic beds of the St. Louis limestone”; St Louis Limestone, Böue River Group, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Monroe county, Ill.” [Monroe County, Illinois], United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntype (no. 2524) stored at the Illinois State Museum.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Recombined as Parallelodon minima [sic; should be P. minimus] by Weller (1916: 248), Hernon (1935: 690) and Hoare (1993: 378).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF93FF9CFDF18232FDD8F9B7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF93FF9DFE26877AFBAFFE59.text	B77687CEFF93FF9DFE26877AFBAFFE59.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon minimus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon minimus De Koninck, 1885 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 151, pl. 24 figs 28–30.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4692 (old no. 1194; coll. de Ryckholt).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>A secondary junior homonym of Parallelodon minimus (Worthen, 1884) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF93FF9DFE26877AFBAFFE59	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF92FF9DFDFF8297FD23F99C.text	B77687CEFF92FF9DFDFF8297FD23F99C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon minor De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon minor De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 151, pl. 25 fig. 10.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4691 (old no. 1061; coll. Nyst).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF92FF9DFDFF8297FD23F99C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF92FF9DFE998340FE3EFC0B.text	B77687CEFF92FF9DFE998340FE3EFC0B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon striatus subsp. minimus Lan & Xu	<div><p>Parallelodon striatus minimus Lan &amp; Xu in Yao et al., 1980 [nomen nudum]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yao et al. (1980): 8 (table).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Mentioned only in a table in Yao et al. (1980) from the Lower Changxing [Changhsing] Limestone at Jiaozi Mt, Anshun, Guizhou, as well as the upper Longtan Formation (both upper Permian) at Puga, Zhijin, Guizhou (China). However, the species was not described and is therefore a nomen nudum; not found in the literature afterwards. If available, the name would be a primary junior homonym of Parallelodon minimus De Koninck, 1885 and a secondary junior homonym of Parallelodon minimus (Worthen, 1884) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF92FF9DFE998340FE3EFC0B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF92FF9EFDA18703FC49FE59.text	B77687CEFF92FF9EFDA18703FC49FE59.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca modesta Winchell 1863	<div><p>Arca modesta Winchell, 1863</p><p>Original source</p><p>Winchell (1863): 15.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Yellow Sandstone beneath Burlington Limestone”; Osagean, Tournaisian-Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Thompson 2001).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Burlington, Iowa ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Classified in Macrodon by Weller (1900: 90, pl. 3 fig. 16; as “ modesta ”), in Parallelodon by Moore (1928: 28), and in Grammatodon by Paul (1941: 121; as “ modestus ”).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF92FF9EFDA18703FC49FE59	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF91FF9EFDEB8340FC30FB21.text	B77687CEFF91FF9EFDEB8340FC30FB21.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon modestus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon modestus De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 148, pl. 26 fig. 9.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire des Pauquys (étage II)”; Waulsort Formation, upper Tournaisian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pauquys ”; Hastière, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4681 (old no. 688; coll. Dupont).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Potential secondary homonym of Arca modesta Winchell, 1863, which was placed in Parallelodon by Moore (1928: 28) and in Grammatodon by Paul (1941: 121).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF91FF9EFDEB8340FC30FB21	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF91FF9EFDE08588FE86F8BA.text	B77687CEFF91FF9EFDE08588FE86F8BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon modioliformis Hyde 1953	<div><p>Parallelodon modioliformis Hyde, 1953</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hyde (1953): 302, pl. 41 figs 1–2.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Byer member, Logan formation”; earliest Osagean (upper Tournaisian), Mississippian, Carboniferous (Matchen &amp; Kammer 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Sciotoville ”, Ohio, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Figured specimens (“ cotypes ”) and additional material are part of the Hyde collection (no. 752) and of the Ohio State University collection (no. 19670). All specimens are stored at Ohio State University, Columbus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF91FF9EFDE08588FE86F8BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF91FF9FFD868665FBEFFD5A.text	B77687CEFF91FF9FFD868665FBEFFD5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon monreali Barrois 1882	<div><p>Macrodon monreali Barrois, 1882</p><p>Original source</p><p>Barrois (1882): 338, pl. 17 fig. 2a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Assise de Sama”; probably Westphalian (Bashkirian to Moscovian, Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous (after Malvesy et al. 2000).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Mosquitera (Asturias), Spain.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntypes are a LV and a RV (MGL 4982 (1–2)), stored at Musée d’Histoire naturelle de Lille (Malvesy et al. 2000).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As Parallelodon monreali in the collection catalogue of Malvesy et al. (2000).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF91FF9FFD868665FBEFFD5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF90FF9FFDE28245FE22FA7F.text	B77687CEFF90FF9FFDE28245FE22FA7F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon mrassiensis Ragozin 1931	<div><p>Parallelodon mrassiensis Ragozin, 1931</p><p>Original source</p><p>Ragozin (1931): 6, pl. 1 fig. 1, pl. 3 figs 1–4, 12, pl. 4 figs 1b, 2.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Lower Balakhonka [Balakhonskaya] Formation, Upper Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous (Amler &amp; Silantiev 2022).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Pravyy bereg reki Mrassu, v dvukh kilometrakh vyshe ulusa Kameshok” [right bank of the river Mrassu, two kilometres above the Kameshok locality]; Kuznetsk Basin, West Siberia, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Betekhtina (1966) classified the species in the freshwater genus Kinerkaella ( Myalinida: Prokopievskiidae).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF90FF9FFDE28245FE22FA7F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF90FF98FDCC84A2FE6CFEC9.text	B77687CEFF90FF98FDCC84A2FE6CFEC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon multilamellatus Gemmellaro 1892	<div><p>Macrodon multilamellatus Gemmellaro, 1892</p><p>Original source</p><p>Gemmellaro (1892): 7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Calcare grossolano con Fusulina ”; Wordian to upper Permian (Sanfilippo et al. 2017).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pietra di Salomone ”; 3 km S of Palazzo Adriano, Palermo, Italy.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material of other parallelodontid species described by Gemmellaro (1892) is stored at the Museo Geologico Università Palermo, Italy; material of M. multilamellatus seems to be missing though.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Only briefly described in Gemmellaro (1892: 7); extended description and illustration in Gemmellaro (1896: 25, pl. 21 fig. 4).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF90FF98FDCC84A2FE6CFEC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF97FF98FE1980D0FB43FBF2.text	B77687CEFF97FF98FE1980D0FB43FBF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon multilineatus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon multilineatus De Koninck, 1885 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 144, pl. 21 figs 16–18.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4662 (old no. 1171; coll. de Ryckholt).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Junior synonym of Parallelodon haimeanus (De Koninck, 1851) according to Amler (1987).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF97FF98FE1980D0FB43FBF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF97FF98FDF0853DFC05F8CC.text	B77687CEFF97FF98FDF0853DFC05F8CC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon multiliratus Girty 1909	<div><p>Parallelodon multiliratus Girty, 1909</p><p>Original source</p><p>Girty (1909b): 39, pl. 3 figs 4, 4a, 5.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Caney shale”; Kinderhookian? to Chesterian?, Middle Mississippian, Carboniferous (boundaries not clear).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Atoka quadrangle (station 2089), Tishomingo quadrangle (station 2085)”; the localities are further detailed in the appendix as: “ Atoka quadrangle, NE. 1/4 SE. 1/4 sec. 35, T. 2 S., R. 8 E. Caney shale (near top of chert)” and “ Tishomingo quadrangle, ravine a short distance (one-eighth mile) west of Viola ”; Oklahoma, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntypes (USNM PAL 120754, 120742) are stored at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Paleobiology Collection, Washington, D.C.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Mentioned by Aleksandri-Sadova (1965) and Hoare et al. (1989).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF97FF98FDF0853DFC05F8CC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF96FF99FDFE8043FD02FC40.text	B77687CEFF96FF99FDFE8043FD02FC40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon multistriatus Girty 1909	<div><p>Parallelodon multistriatus Girty, 1909</p><p>Original source</p><p>Girty (1909a): 423, pl. 31 figs 13–14a.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Middle of Capitan formation [...]; Delaware Mountain formation”; Guadalupian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Capitan Peak (station 2926?); [...] Guadalupe Point (station 2931), Guadalupe Mts, Texas. [...] Comanche Canyon, Glass Mts, Texas (station 3763). The stations are further specified on p. 511–512 as: “2926. Guadalupe Mountains, Texas. Just below knob on crest of spur running northward from El Capitan. Part of material from horizon above or below. About 1,000 feet below summit of El Capitan and the top of the Capitan limestone.”; “2931. Guadalupe Mountains, Texas. West side of road at entrance to Guadalupe Canyon. Lower half of the Delaware Mountain sandstone; opposite to station 2903 and at about the same horizon, possibly above.”; “3763. Big Bend, Texas. Comanche Canyon, Glass Mountains, 17 miles northeast of Marathon, Tex.”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntypes (USNM PAL 118224) are stored at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Paleobiology Collection, Washington, D.C.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF96FF99FDFE8043FD02FC40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF96FF99FDD08568FD5BF9DA.text	B77687CEFF96FF99FDD08568FD5BF9DA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon mytiloides De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon mytiloides De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 160, pl. 24 fig. 38.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4721 (old no. 966; coll. de Ryckholt).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF96FF99FDD08568FD5BF9DA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF96FF9AFDF487C5FB3DFDBA.text	B77687CEFF96FF9AFDF487C5FB3DFDBA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon naliwkini Yakovlev 1903	<div><p>Macrodon naliwkini Yakovlev, 1903</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yakovlev (1903): 11 [Russian], 35 [German], pl. 2 fig. 18.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Dolomitsuite, salzführende Ablagerungen der Mulde von Bachmut”; lower Permian, potentially Artinskian, following Koken (1901: 309).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pokrowskoje, Donez-Bassin, Mulde von Bachmut ”; Pokrovs’ke, Bakhmut, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Yakovlev (1903) indicated in the plate caption the figured syntype to be stored at the “Geologicheskiy komitet / Geologische Comité” (today Academician F.N. Chernyshev Central Geological Research Museum (TsNIGR museum), St Petersburg, Russia), but specimens not yet traced.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF96FF9AFDF487C5FB3DFDBA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF95FF9AFDFC85EBFD00F88C.text	B77687CEFF95FF9AFDFC85EBFD00F88C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon newarkensis Herrick 1888	<div><p>Macrodon newarkensis Herrick, 1888</p><p>Original source</p><p>Herrick (1888b): 36, pl. 4 fig. 19.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Keokuk and Burlington Groups. Upper Waverly. (Upper Logan)”; all units are Osagean in age (Tournaisian–Visean), Mississippian, Carboniferous (Thompson 2001; Matchen &amp; Kammer 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Near Newark, O. [Ohio], about 60 or 70 feet above congl. II in our division III”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Classified as Parallelodon by Girty (1911).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF95FF9AFDFC85EBFD00F88C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF95FF9AFD9B8365FAD2FBC4.text	B77687CEFF95FF9AFD9B8365FAD2FBC4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prorhynchus nasutum Hall 1885	<div><p>Prorhynchus nasutum Hall, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hall (1885): 493, pl. 96 fig. 6.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Upper part of the Chemung group”; Brallier Formation, Upper Devonian (Berg et al. 1993).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Warren, Pa.” [Warren, Pennsylvania], United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) doubt affinities to parallelodontids as there are no hinge characters preserved.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF95FF9AFD9B8365FAD2FBC4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF95FF9BFDFE861CFE2AFCB6.text	B77687CEFF95FF9BFDFE861CFE2AFCB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon noinskii Stuckenberg 1905	<div><p>Macrodon noinskii Stuckenberg, 1905</p><p>Original source</p><p>Stuckenberg (1905): 84 [Russian], 136 [German], pl. 10 fig. 24a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Bellerophon-Horizonte” (Krasnoufimian beds of the Ural after Waterhouse 1987: 214; the Krasnoufimian was considered synonymous with the Artinskian substage Saranin by Waterhouse 1997), Cisularian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Samarskaya Luka, Tsarev Kurgan [...], selo Kostychi [...], Kapitanskiy ovrag’“; Samara Oblast, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Misspelt as M. noinskyi by Maslennikov (1935: 87). Waterhouse (1987) briefly referred to the species (as Parallelodon).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF95FF9BFDFE861CFE2AFCB6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF94FF9BFDE9827AFBBFFAEF.text	B77687CEFF94FF9BFDE9827AFBBFFAEF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon normalis De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon normalis De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 145, pl. 21 figs 19–21.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“carbonifère des Pauquys et d’Anseremme (étage II)”; Waulsort Formation, upper Tournaisian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pauquys, Anseremme ”; Hastière and Dinant, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4663 (old no. 638). Additional syntypes are stored in Brussels.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF94FF9BFDE9827AFBBFFAEF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF94FF94FD928431FCF2FDB5.text	B77687CEFF94FF94FD928431FCF2FDB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca obscura De Koninck 1842	<div><p>Arca obscura De Koninck, 1842</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1842): 114, pl. 2 fig. 16a–d.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire de Visé” (De Koninck 1842); specified as “calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)” by De Koninck (1885); V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntypes are stored at the collections of the Géologie de l’Université Lyon. A BV specimen (UBCL-EM 35409) is figured on pl. 2 fig. 16a–b. Syntype UBCL-EM 35410, also a BV specimen, is not figured. The whereabouts of the specimen figured on pl. 2 fig. 16c–d is unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>De Koninck (1885) placed this species in Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF94FF94FD928431FCF2FDB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9BFF94FDC88365FD52FAF1.text	B77687CEFF9BFF94FDC88365FD52FAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ptychopteria obsoleta Simpson	<div><p>Ptychopteria obsoleta Simpson in Lesley, 1889</p><p>Original source</p><p>Lesley (1889): 448, fig. 15.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Chemung Group”, Brallier Formation, Upper Devonian (Berg et al. 1993).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Hill north of Warren, Warren county, Pennsylvania ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lesley (1889: 839) mentioned that P. obsoleta based on Randall’s specimen no. 9622 (wrongly labelled as Yoldia). It is stored in the collection of the Geological Survey of Pennsylvania.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The species was first introduced in Lesley’s (1889) dictionary of the fossils from Pennsylvania. Lesley referred to descriptions by G.B. Simpson in the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, which were presented at a society’s meeting in 1888 but not published before 1890. However, Lesley (1889: viii) stated that the description and illustration were prepared by Simpson, making him the author of the species. Chadwick (1935: 330) classified the species in the genus Prorhynchus . Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) suggested an affiliation to Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9BFF94FDC88365FD52FAF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9BFF95FDC58438FB64FD9D.text	B77687CEFF9BFF95FDC58438FB64FD9D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon obsoletiformes Hayasaka 1925	<div><p>Parallelodon obsoletiformes Hayasaka, 1925</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hayasaka (1925): 18, pl. 8 figs 15–16.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Kuro zone” (i.e., Yabeina globosa zone) of the Akasaka Limestone, Kazanian (Hayami &amp; Kase 1977; Prinoth &amp; Posenato 2023), Guadalupian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Kinshô-zan, Akasaka-Machi, prov. Mino ”; Kinshozan, Akasaka-cho, Fuwa-gun, Gifu Prefecture, Honshu, Japan.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Hayasaka mentioned two specimens, a LV “almost completely freed from the matrix”, on which he based most of the description, and another LV embedded in sediment. He did not indicate a holotype. Hanzawa et al. (1961: 269) listed a specimen stored at Institute of Geology and Paleontology (today Department of Earth Science), Tohoku University, Japan (IGPS no. 22392) incorrectly as the “holotype”. Hayami &amp; Kase (1977) noted this mistake but stated that “their treatment is here regarded as constituting lectotype designation.” However, according to Art. 74.5 a subsequent use of the term “holotype” does not constitute a valid lectotype designation. To serve nomenclatural stability, we formally designate here the same specimen (IGPS no. 22392) as the lectotype.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Placed in Grammatodon (Cosmetodon) by Yancey (1985) and Prinoth &amp; Posenato (2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9BFF95FDC58438FB64FD9D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9AFF95FD908469FDA4F868.text	B77687CEFF9AFF95FD908469FDA4F868.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucullaea obtusa Phillips 1836	<div><p>Cucullaea obtusa Phillips, 1836</p><p>Original source</p><p>Phillips (1836): 210, pl. 5 fig. 19.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Top of Lower Scar Limestones; probably Great Scar Limestone, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Phillips 1836: 241; Amler 1987: 160).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Bolland”; south of Ogden Reservoir, west of Queensbury, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The whereabouts of the material are unknown (Hind 1897: 168).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Placed in Parallelodon by De Koninck (1885). Note that De Koninck used a broad species concept, resulting in morphologically very different specimens being identified as Parallelodon obtusus (Hind 1897: 168; Amler 1987: 160).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9AFF95FD908469FDA4F868	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9AFF95FD9E830CFEF3FB46.text	B77687CEFF9AFF95FD9E830CFEF3FB46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon obsoletus Meek 1871	<div><p>Macrodon obsoletus Meek, 1871</p><p>Original source</p><p>Meek (1871): 71.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Lower coal measures”; Pennine Lower Coal Measures Formation, Moskovian, Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Mongongalia County, W. Va.” [Mongongalia County, West Virginia], United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntypes (coll. no. USNM PAL 7588) are stored at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Paleobiology Collection, Washington, D.C. (see also Schuchert 1905).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Placed in Parallelodon by several authors (e.g., Girty 1909a; Morningstar 1922; Hoare 1961; Hoare et al. 1979).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9AFF95FD9E830CFEF3FB46	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF99FF96FE23828BFB89F92A.text	B77687CEFF99FF96FE23828BFB89F92A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca oreliana de Verneuil	<div><p>Arca oreliana de Verneuil in Murchison et al., 1845</p><p>Original source</p><p>Murchison et al. (1845): 314, pl. 20 fig. 3; originally as “ Oreliana ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“dans les calcaires jaunes dévoniens”; in the yellow Devonian limestones; presumably upper Famennian, uppermost Devonian (according to Lebedev et al. 2018).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“de Novazilskaya, à trois verstes au sud d’Orel” [from Novazilskaya, three versts [~ 3 km] south of Oryol]; locality not found, today probably within the city limits of Oryol (Oryol oblast), Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Listed (as Arca) also by Venyukov (1886: 161, pl. 8 figs 6–7), Nalivkin (1947: 136, pl. 34 fig. 1; there authorship attributed to Venyukov 1886) and Lebedev et al. (2018: 63). Based on the morphology Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) suggested a probable affiliation with Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF99FF96FE23828BFB89F92A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF99FF96FD878043FB0BFC24.text	B77687CEFF99FF96FD878043FB0BFC24.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sanguinolites olseni Grabau 1931	<div><p>Sanguinolites olseni Grabau, 1931</p><p>Original source</p><p>Grabau (1931): 321, pl. 32 fig. 14a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“In the Martinia bed (1194) of the Jisu Honguer limestone”; Zhesi Formation, Wordian–Capitanian, middle Permian (Ren et al. 2020).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Jisu Honguer ”, Mongolia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Grabau mentioned the holotype as the only available specimen, it is a RV (no. 483, Cat. G.S.C. 1505), stored in the Museum of the Geological Survey of China (today Geological Museum of China), Beijing.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Placed in Parallelodon by Gu et al. (1976); also listed as such by Gao &amp; Jiang (1998).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF99FF96FD878043FB0BFC24	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF99FF97FDC087F5FACFFD96.text	B77687CEFF99FF97FDC087F5FACFFD96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon ornatissimus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon ornatissimus De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 161, pl. 24 figs 1–2, pl. 25 figs 3, 30.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntypes are stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4724 (old no. 1033; pl. 24 figs 1–2; coll. de Ryckholt) and RBINS a4725 (old no. 970; pl. 25 fig. 3; coll. De Koninck). Specimen RBINS a4726 (old no. 956; pl. 25 fig. 30) does not match the figure.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF99FF97FDC087F5FACFFD96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF98FF97FDEE8442FC83F827.text	B77687CEFF98FF97FDEE8442FC83F827.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon ovatus Hall & Whitfield 1869	<div><p>Macrodon ovatus Hall &amp; Whitfield, 1869</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hall &amp; Whitfield (1869): 15.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Yellow sandstone”; Waverly Group according to Driscoll (1965), but uncertain from which horizon/ formation. The Waverly Group comprises Upper Devonian to Lower Mississippian formations (Clayton et al. 1998).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Granville, Licking county, Ohio ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>A syntype (AMNH-FI-6556) is stored at the American Museum of Natural History, New York.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As Parallelodon (Cosmetodon) in Driscoll (1965: 98).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF98FF97FDEE8442FC83F827	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF98FF97FE30831AFBF3FB5F.text	B77687CEFF98FF97FE30831AFBF3FB5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon ovatus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon ovatus De Koninck, 1885 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 152, pl. 26 figs 2–3.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calschiste de Tournai (étage I)”; Tn3a and Tn3b, lower Ivorian, Tournaisian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958; Sartenaer &amp; Plodowski 1996; Poty et al. 2002; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Tournai ”; Hainaut Province, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels (RBINS a4694; old no. 254; coll. de Ryckholt).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Junior secondary homonym of Parallelodon ovatus (Hall &amp; Whitfield, 1869) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF98FF97FE30831AFBF3FB5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9FFF90FEF1828BFC2CFA5C.text	B77687CEFF9FFF90FEF1828BFC2CFA5C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nemodon palaeozoicus Astafieva-Urbajtis	<div><p>Nemodon palaeozoicus Astafieva-Urbajtis in Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš, 1985</p><p>Original source</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985): 13, pl. 1 figs 6a–b, 9.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“verkhniy karbon, gzhel’skiy yarus”; Auernig Formation, Gzhelian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Yugoslaviya, gory Karavanke [...] Križovec 1 (Črni vrh) ”, Karavanke Mts, Slovenia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material is stored at the Gornjesavski muzej Jesenice, Slovenia, formerly Technical Museum of zelezarne Jesenica. Holotype with coll. no. USMJ 882, additionally figured specimen (“ topotype ”) with coll. no. USMJ 879; further material mentioned by the author.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9FFF90FEF1828BFC2CFA5C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9FFF90FDE68043FC69FC24.text	B77687CEFF9FFF90FDE68043FC69FC24.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prorhynchus paeneplanus Caster 1930	<div><p>Prorhynchus paeneplanus Caster, 1930</p><p>Original source</p><p>Caster (1930): 203 [61], pl. 44 [23] fig. 5.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“sandstone, below the Olean conglomerate”; Lower Mississippian, Carboniferous (Berg et al. 1993).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ hill south of Smethport, Pa.” (in McKean County, Pennsylvania) is mentioned in the text, but plate caption gives “Glade, Pa.” (probably Warren County), United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Studied material (coll. no. 5234) is stored in the paleontological collection of Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. There seems to be only a steinkern of a RV as the base of this species.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Listed as Prorhynchus peneplanum [sic] by Chadwick (1935: 333).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9FFF90FDE68043FC69FC24	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9FFF91FDE48743FCDAFDBA.text	B77687CEFF9FFF91FDE48743FCDAFDBA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sufia paradoxa Prantl & Ruzicka 1955	<div><p>Sufia paradoxa Prantl &amp; Růžička, 1955</p><p>Original source</p><p>Prantl &amp; Růžička (1955a): 304 [Czech], 310 [Russian], 314 [English], pl. 1 figs 1–3; genus originally as Šufia.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Choteč Limestones - gγ2, Middle Devonian”.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Holyně, west of Prague, Bohemia ”, Czech Republic.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The holotype, the only specimen, is damaged and incomplete. No information of storage provided.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Prantl &amp; Růžička (1955a) provided a detailed description and already discussed similarities with Parallelodon . Newell (1969: 256) tentatively synonymised Sufia with Parallelodon . Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) discussed cyrtodontid or parallelodontid affinities.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9FFF91FDE48743FCDAFDBA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9EFF91FE3C8365FEE7FACD.text	B77687CEFF9EFF91FE3C8365FEE7FACD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptodesma parallelum Simpson	<div><p>Leptodesma parallelum Simpson in Lesley, 1889</p><p>Original source</p><p>Lesley (1889): 448, fig. 14.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Chemung Group”, Brallier Formation, Upper Devonian (Berg et al. 1993).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Hill north of Warren, Warren county, Pennsylvania ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lesley (1889: 332) mentioned L. parallelum as specimen no. 9610 of Randall’s collection (erroneously labelled as Cypricardia). It is stored in the collection of the Geological Survey of Pennsylvania.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The species was first introduced in Lesley’s (1889) dictionary of the fossils from Pennsylvania. Lesley referred to descriptions by G.B. Simpson in the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, which were presented at a society’s meeting in 1888 but not published before 1890. However, Lesley (1889: viii) stated that the description and illustration were prepared by Simpson, making him the author of the species. Chadwick (1935: 330) classified the species in the genus Prorhynchus, McAlester (1962) only stated that this species is not a Leptodesma . Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) suggested an affiliation to Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9EFF91FE3C8365FEE7FACD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9EFF92FDF284DDFCB1FDDB.text	B77687CEFF9EFF92FDF284DDFCB1FDDB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon parkinsoni Amler 1987	<div><p>Parallelodon parkinsoni Amler, 1987</p><p>Original source</p><p>Amler (1987): 152, pl. 5 figs 7–8, text-figs 25–26.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Kalkschiefer-Brekzie von Königsberg, cd III α 3-4/ cd III βstr? = V 3b γ /V 3c inf.? (Warnantium)”; Warnantian substage, upper Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Poty &amp; Hance 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Aufschluss am Stollen-Eingang ‘Schieferkaut’, östliche Seite des oberen Strupbach-Tales, 555 m östlich von Schloss Königsberg; Bl. 5317 Rodheim-Bieber; R6 7800, H 12280 oder kleiner Steinbruch am Waldweg zwischen Königsberg und den ‘Lindenhöfen’ oberhalb der Fischteiche, 220 m nordwestlich von Schloss Königsberg; BI. 5317 Rodheim-Bieber; R 67050, H 12430. – Parkinson gibt nicht an, von welchem der beiden ihm bekannten Fundorte, die etwa 700 m voneinander entfernt liegen, die Bivalvenreste stammen.” [Outcrop at the entrance to the ‘Schieferkaut’ mining tunnel, eastern side of the upper Strupbach valley, 555 m east of Königsberg Castle; map sheet 5317 Rodheim-Bieber; R6 7800, H 12280 or small quarry on the forest path between Königsberg and the ‘Lindenhöfe’ above the fish ponds, 220 m northwest of Königsberg Castle; map sheet 5317 Rodheim-Bieber; R 67050, H 12430. – Parkinson did not specify from which of the two sites known to him, which are about 700 m apart, the bivalve remains originate.]; Biebertal-Königsberg NW of Giessen, Hesse, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (steinkern of a LV, SMF.Mbg.3651) and several paratypes (three steinkerns of two LV and one RV, SMF.Mbg.3233, SMF.Mbg.4005, SMF.Mbg.4006), all stored at the Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9EFF92FDF284DDFCB1FDDB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9DFF92FDD383C6FD64FAA3.text	B77687CEFF9DFF92FDD383C6FD64FAA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon parvus White & Whitfield 1862	<div><p>Macrodon parvus White &amp; Whitfield, 1862</p><p>Original source</p><p>White &amp; Whitfield (1862): 299.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Chemung Group”; Upper Devonian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Burlington, Iowa ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntypes (AMNH-FI-35930, AMNH-FI-35929) are stored at the American Museum of Natural History, New York.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As Parallelodon parvus in species lists in Moore (1928). The Triassic Makrodon [sic] parvum [sic] Hofmann, 1873 is a junior primary homonym.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9DFF92FDD383C6FD64FAA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9DFF92FDEB840EFD15F811.text	B77687CEFF9DFF92FDEB840EFD15F811.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon pauli Friedel & Amler 2024	<div><p>Parallelodon pauli Friedel &amp; Amler, 2024</p><p>Original source</p><p>Friedel &amp; Amler (2024): 516, fig. 4a–d.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Strunium, Etroeungt Formation, uppermost Famennian (equivalent to Wocklum Stage), Devonian ”.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ River valley Angerbach, Ratingen near Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia ”, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (SMF.Mbg.3029) is a BV steinkern, which is also figured by Drevermann (1902: pl. 14 fig. 9) as Macrodus semicostatus McCoy . Paratypes are a steinkern of a LV (SMF.Mbg.3028), also figured by Drevermann (1902: pl. 14 fig. 8) and a steinkern of a RV (BGR-B X13470). Stored at the Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, and Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Berlin.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9DFF92FDEB840EFD15F811	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9CFF93FDEF82DCFB09F995.text	B77687CEFF9CFF93FDEF82DCFB09F995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca permiana d'Orbigny 1850	<div><p>Arca permiana d’Orbigny, 1850 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>d’Orbigny (1850): 165.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Zechsteindolomit von Könitz”; Zechstein Group, Zechstein 1 (reef facies) Series, Werra Formation, Wuchiapingian, Lopingian, Permian (Geinitz 1848; Friedel et al. 2025).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Könitz bei Saalfeld in Thüringen ” [Könitz near Saalfeld, Thuringia] (Geinitz 1848), Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>D’Orbigny erected A. permiana for a specimen with smooth shell that had been determined as A. kingiana by Geinitz (1848: 9, pl. 4 fig. 8); junior synonym of P. zerrenneri (Friedel et al. 2025) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9CFF93FDEF82DCFB09F995	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9CFF93FDE68043FCDBFCD2.text	B77687CEFF9CFF93FDE68043FCDBFCD2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon pergibbosus Mather 1915	<div><p>Parallelodon pergibbosus Mather, 1915</p><p>Original source</p><p>Mather (1915): 214, pl. 15 fig. 6.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Brentwood limestone”; Brentwood Limestone Member, Bloyd Formation, Bashkirian (Morrowan), Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous (Xie et al. 2018).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“near Fayetteville, Arkansas (Station 135)”; the station is further specified on p. 247 as “Fayetteville quadrangle: Brentwood limestone lentil. Three and a half miles northeast of Fayetteville, Ark. Abandoned quarry. S. 1/2, sec. 2, T. 16 N., R. 30 W.”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (FMNH UC 16061) stored at the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (formerly Walker Museum, University of Chicago, as indicated by Mather).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9CFF93FDE68043FCDBFCD2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF9CFF8CFDD58705FEF2FE25.text	B77687CEFF9CFF8CFDD58705FEF2FE25.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon perplexus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon perplexus De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 155, pl. 25 figs 33–35.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère des Pauquys (étage II)”; Waulsort Formation, upper Tournaisian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pauquys ”; Hastière, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntypes are stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4701 (old no. 761; pl. 25 fig. 33; coll. Dupont) and RBINS a4702 (old no. 764; pl. 25 figs 34–35).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF9CFF8CFDD58705FEF2FE25	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF83FF8CFD978518FCF2F896.text	B77687CEFF83FF8CFD978518FCF2F896.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca pinguis De Koninck 1842	<div><p>Arca pinguis De Koninck, 1842</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1842): 116, pl. 2 fig. 11a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire de montagne de Visé”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The syntypes are stored in the collection of the Géologie de l’Université Lyon. None of the specimens match the figure. UCBL-EM 35387 and UCBL-EM 35388 are both BV and eligible. Additional, not figured syntypes are UCBL-EM 35389 and UCBL-EM 35390 .</p><p>Remarks</p><p>De Koninck (1885) placed this species in Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF83FF8CFD978518FCF2F896	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF83FF8CFDD980F5FCF4FB91.text	B77687CEFF83FF8CFDD980F5FCF4FB91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon pettisensis Miller & Gurley 1896	<div><p>Macrodon pettisensis Miller &amp; Gurley, 1896</p><p>Original source</p><p>Miller &amp; Gurley (1896): 10, pl. 2 figs 17–18.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Chouteau limestone”; Kinderhookian, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Thompson 2001).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“near Sedalia, Missouri ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Stored at the Cincinnati Museum Center, Ohio (formerly University of Cincinnati Museum), with 2 “ cotypes ” (3907 – 3908, coll. Miller; see Chappars 1936).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Not found in the literature after the original description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF83FF8CFDD980F5FCF4FB91	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF83FF8DFE25861AFAD8FD5C.text	B77687CEFF83FF8DFE25861AFAD8FD5C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon planus Lutkevich & Lobanova 1960	<div><p>Parallelodon planus Lutkevich &amp; Lobanova, 1960</p><p>Original source</p><p>Lutkevich &amp; Lobanova (1960): 29, pl. 2 fig. 4.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Upper Permian” (middle or upper Permian in the Russian Permian time scale; in the discussion Lutkevich &amp; Lobanova 1960 stated that the deposits come from strata up to the Tatarian, corresponding to the latest middle to upper Permian).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Vostochnaya chast’ Zapadnogo Verkhoyan’ya, r. Uyana, v logu naprotiv rch. Bittuchan ” [eastern part of Western Verkhoyansk, Uyana river, in the ravine opposite Bittuchan river]; Sakha Republic, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype stated to be stored at the Academician F.N. Chernyshev Central Geological Research Museum (TsNIGR museum), St Petersburg, Russia (coll. no. 25/7443, pl. 2 fig. 4); however, it is not mentioned in the type catalogue of Romanovskaya et al. (1979), who listed other species described in that work.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF83FF8DFE25861AFAD8FD5C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF82FF8DFDE18243FCADFA62.text	B77687CEFF82FF8DFDE18243FCADFA62.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca plicata De Koninck 1873	<div><p>Arca plicata De Koninck, 1873 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1873): 84, pl. 3 fig. 16a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Bleiberger Karbon, Nötscher Schichten (Heritsch 1918); Erlachgraben, Badstub and Nötsch Formation, Visean (Mississippian) to Bashkirian (Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous (Schönlaub 1985; Schraut 1996, 1999).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Bleiberg ”; Carinthia, Austria.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Studied specimen is stored at the Geosphere Austria, Vienna (formerly Geologische Bundesanstalt) under coll. no. 517 (Sieber 1979: A216).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Junior primary homonym of the extant species Arca plicata Dillwyn, 1817 . Placed in Macrodon ? by Frech (1892) and in Grammatodon by Paul (1941).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF82FF8DFDE18243FCADFA62	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF82FF8EFD92874DFA8AFDFE.text	B77687CEFF82FF8EFD92874DFA8AFDFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon politus Girty 1909	<div><p>Parallelodon politus Girty, 1909</p><p>Original source</p><p>Girty (1909a): 424, pl. 9 fig. 25.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Middle of Capitan formation [...]; Delaware Mountain formation”; Guadalupian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Capitan Peak (station 2926); [...] Guadalupe Point (station 2931), Guadalupe Mts, Texas. [...] southern Delaware Mts, Texas (station 2969?). The stations are further specified on p. 511–512 as “2926. Guadalupe Mountains, Texas. Just below knob on crest of spur running northward from El Capitan. Part of material from horizon above or below. About 1,000 feet below summit of El Capitan and the top of the Capitan limestone.”; “2931. Guadalupe Mountains, Texas. West side of road at entrance to Guadalupe Canyon. Lower half of the Delaware Mountain sandstone; opposite to station 2903 and at about the same horizon, possibly above.”; “2969. Van Horn quadrangle, about 30 miles northeast of Van Horn, in the Delaware Mountains. Same as station 3500 [About 15 miles north of Jones’s ranch, Delaware Mountains, 4800-foot hill].”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (USNM PAL 118225) is stored at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Paleobiology Collection, Washington, D.C. Additional material was mentioned by Girty (1909a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF82FF8EFD92874DFA8AFDFE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF81FF8EFDD28321FC1DFAA3.text	B77687CEFF81FF8EFDD28321FC1DFAA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodus praecursor Spriestersbach 1942	<div><p>Macrodus praecursor Spriestersbach, 1942</p><p>Original source</p><p>Spriestersbach (1942): 175, pl. 3 fig. 15.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Ohler Schiefer, Unteres Mitteldevon”; Brandenberg-Schichten, Eifelian, Middle Devonian (May 1993).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Alte Halde bei Koppelweide im Alpetal; Blatt Wiehl ” [old dump near Koppelweide, northern of Alpe, map sheet Wiehl]; North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (BGR-B-ORIG-000183071) is the figured LV; additionally, Spriestersbach mentioned three internal moulds; holotype is stored at the Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Berlin.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Based on the general shell morphology, Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) discussed its potential affiliation to Parallelodon, but the diagnostic hinge characters are unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF81FF8EFDD28321FC1DFAA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF81FF8EFDE6840EFC15F868.text	B77687CEFF81FF8EFDE6840EFC15F868.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mnataia pribyli Prantl & Ruzicka 1955	<div><p>Mnataia pribyli Prantl &amp; Růžička, 1955</p><p>Original source</p><p>Prantl &amp; Růžička (1955b): 5 [Russian], 13 [English], pl. 1 figs 1–3; originally as “ přibyli ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Choteč Limestones - gγ2 (Middle Devonian)”.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Holyně near Prague ”, Czech Republic.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The holotype, the only specimen, is damaged and incomplete. No information of storage provided.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Prantl &amp; Růžička (1955b) provided a detailed description and assumed an affiliation to the family Pseudocyrtodontidae; Newell (1969: 256) tentatively synonymised Mnataia with Parallelodon . Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) assumed cyrtodontid or parallelodontid affinities.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF81FF8EFDE6840EFC15F868	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF80FF8FFDBC8043FD16FBBF.text	B77687CEFF80FF8FFDBC8043FD16FBBF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca prisca Goldfuss 1841	<div><p>Arca prisca Goldfuss, 1841</p><p>Original source</p><p>Goldfuss (1833–1841): 283, pl. 160 fig. 10.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Uebergangskalk”; Visean, lower Carboniferous (Paul 1941: 124).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Grafschaft Glatz ” [Powiat Kłodzki]; Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Shell and steinkern of a LV (BIOB-PAL-GF1026). Stored at the Goldfuss-Museum of the University Bonn.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Whidborne (1897: 113, pl. 12 fig. 6) attributed A. prisca to the genus Parallelodon . However, the specimens which Whidborne based this decision on were considered misidentified by Friedel &amp; Amler (2024), who introduced a new species, Parallelodon pauli . Paul (1941) placed the species in Grammatodon, and Kakhadze (1942: 232–233) stated the species “undoubtedly belongs to the genus Parallelodon ” (translated from Georgian).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF80FF8FFDBC8043FD16FBBF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF80FF8FFDFE8562FA87F906.text	B77687CEFF80FF8FFDFE8562FA87F906.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon pygmaeus Whiteaves 1892	<div><p>Macrodon pygmaeus Whiteaves, 1892</p><p>Original source</p><p>Whiteaves (1892): 299, pl. 39 figs 2–3.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Upper Devonian […]; Stringocephalus zone”; Givetian, Middle Devonian (Schumacher 1971).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Lake Winnipegosis, on the north-western shore, at Devils Point, [..] at Dawson Bay, on the south-east side, on a small island to the south-west of Whiteaves Point, and on the south-west side, at the mouth of Steep Rock River”, southern Manitoba, Canada.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts of types unknown (compare Bailey 1986: 322).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Listed as Parallelodon in Whidborne (1896 –1897); mentioned but not discussed by Amler (1995).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF80FF8FFDFE8562FA87F906	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF80FF88FE3287AAFB4BFD03.text	B77687CEFF80FF88FE3287AAFB4BFD03.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon qinghaiensis Liu 1976	<div><p>Parallelodon qinghaiensis Liu in Gu et al., 1976</p><p>Original source</p><p>Gu et al. (1976): 123, pl. 11 figs 5–7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Nuoyinhe Group, upper Permian (Zhang 2009).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Delingha, Qaidam Basin, Qinghai; near Yikebiquesi, upper Bayin River, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>See Parallelodon reticulatus Shih in Fan et al. (1962).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Replacement name for the secondary homonym Parallelodon reticulatus Shih in Fan et al., 1962, non McCoy, 1844. Gu et al. (1976) wrote (translated from Chinese): “The original name of this species was Parallelodon reticulatus (Fan Jiasong et al., 1962) . Because the species name is repeated with P. reticulatus (McCoy, 1844 in Hind 1896–1900), a new name was established.” The species was considered a senior synonym of Parallelodon longjiuensis Guo, 1985 by Yang et al. (2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF80FF88FE3287AAFB4BFD03	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF87FF88FD9A83AEFB6EFAF1.text	B77687CEFF87FF88FD9A83AEFB6EFAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucullopsis quadrata Chao 1927	<div><p>Cucullopsis quadrata Chao, 1927</p><p>Original source</p><p>Chao (1927): 10, pl. 1 figs 11–13.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“ Spirifer taiyuanensis zone, Houkou limestone, Lincheng coal field”; Houkou limestone, Taiyuan Formation, upper Carboniferous to lower Permian (Fang et al. 2009).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Lincheng coal field, S. Chihli (Loc. 158) ”; Lincheng County, Xingtai, Hebei, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Number of type specimens not indicated, but three syntypes (“cotypes”) are illustrated on pl. 1 figs 11–13 (inv. no. 1220 –1222). The syntype with inv. no. 1220 (pl. 1 fig. 11) is also figured by Newell (1969: fig. c6.2). Fang et al. (2009) referred to this specimen incorrectly as the “holotype”. All stored at the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF87FF88FD9A83AEFB6EFAF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF87FF88FD868438FAAFF85C.text	B77687CEFF87FF88FD868438FAAFF85C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Palaeanatina quadrata Hall 1883	<div><p>Palaeanatina quadrata Hall, 1883</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hall (1883): pl. 79 figs 40–49; description on p. 492 appeared in 1885 [there as Prorhynchus quadratum].</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Upper part of Chemung Group (Hall 1885), Upper Devonian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Smethport, Pennsylvania, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Hall (1885) introduced for this species the genus Prorhynchus . Linsley (1994) attributed it to the genus Parallelodon (see also Damborenea 1987). First listed as nomen nudum by Miller (1877: 199).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF87FF88FD868438FAAFF85C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF86FF89FDEB8238FDCDF946.text	B77687CEFF86FF89FDEB8238FDCDF946.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodus ratingensis Paeckelmann 1913	<div><p>Macrodus ratingensis Paeckelmann, 1913</p><p>Original source</p><p>Paeckelmann (1913): 249, pl. 4 fig. 9.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Étroeungt”; Velberter Schichten (Fa2d–Tn1a), upper Famennian (Strunian), Upper Devonian (Amler 1995).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Bahneinschnitt und Wegprofil 200 m sw’ des Blauen Sees, Ratingen-Cromford” [Railway cutting and section along path 200 m southwest of the Blauer See, Ratingen-Cromford]; near Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype (RV, steinkern) designated by Amler (1995) and stored at the Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main (coll. no. SMF.Mbg.3361 = SMF.Mbg.3029; coll. Drevermann, figured by Paeckelmann 1913: pl. 4 fig. 9 and Amler 1995: pl. 1 fig. 12). Paeckelmann mentioned further material (= paralectotypes); one specimen previously stored at IGP of University of Marburg was transferred to Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum as well; the whereabouts of the remaining specimens are unknown (Amler 1995).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Declared as a nomen dubium by Amler (1995); later placed as a valid species in Guerichia Rzehak, 1910 ( Posidoniidae) by Amler (2004: 165).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF86FF89FDEB8238FDCDF946	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF86FF89FDC08043FDA8FCF1.text	B77687CEFF86FF89FDC08043FDA8FCF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon quichaurensis Gonzalez 2006	<div><p>Parallelodon? quichaurensis Gonzalez, 2006</p><p>Original source</p><p>Gonzalez (2006): 136, fig. 5c–e.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Middle member of the Mojón de Hierro Formation, Costatumulus amosi Zone, Asselian to Early Tastubian?”; Cisuralian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ 4000 m E of puesto Tres Lagunas, Tepuel Hills, Chubut ”, Argentina.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The holotype is an external mould of a RV (IPI 2613). Several paratypes are available (IPI 2609, IPI 2612A, IPI 2612B, IPI 2613, IPI 2614, IPI 2616, IPI 2617, IPI 2618). All stored at the Fundación Miguel Lillo at Tucumán, Argentina .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF86FF89FDC08043FDA8FCF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF86FF8AFDF2866AFBCCFD27.text	B77687CEFF86FF8AFDF2866AFBCCFD27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon rectangulus Mansuy 1914	<div><p>Macrodon rectangulus Mansuy, 1914</p><p>Original source</p><p>Mansuy (1914): 36, pl. 4 fig. 4a–b, pl. 7 fig. 3a–d.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Productus limestones, Permian (unspecified horizon).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Phnom Ta Kreem”; west of Battambang, Cambodia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As Parallelodon in Termier &amp; Termier (1959: 277) and Termier et al. (1977: 80).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF86FF8AFDF2866AFBCCFD27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF85FF8AFD8983F4FE5FFA3D.text	B77687CEFF85FF8AFD8983F4FE5FFA3D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Grammatodon regularis Hind 1914	<div><p>Grammatodon regularis Hind, 1914</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hind (1914): 26, pl. 4 figs 12–14a.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“The marine bed of Millstone Grit, Hazel Hill and Clint Quarries. The marine band associated with Glyphioceras spirale at Congleton Edge”; Namurian (Serpukhovian, Mississippian to Bashkirian, Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous (Waters et al. 2014).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Hazel Hill and Clint Quarries. [...] Congleton Edge” (Hind 1914); additionally, he included in the synonymy list a specimen from Sawley, near Ripon previously misidentified in Hind (1897); Yorkshire and Cheshire, United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntypes are stored at the Natural History Museum, London, coll. Hind. Syntypes are a steinkern of a BV specimen from Sawley (NHMUK PI L 47271; pl. 4 fig. 14), an external mould of a RV from Hazel Hill (NHMUK PI L 47770; pl. 4 fig. 13) and a steinkern of a LV from Hazel Hill (NHMUK PI L 47767; pl. 4 fig. 12).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF85FF8AFD8983F4FE5FFA3D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF85FF8AFD8284EDFD0FF863.text	B77687CEFF85FF8AFD8284EDFD0FF863.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon respectus Reed 1944	<div><p>Parallelodon respectus Reed, 1944</p><p>Original source</p><p>Reed (1944): 287, pl. 53 fig. 1–1b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Upper Productus Limestone”; Chhidru Formation (Sameeni 2009), Lopingian, Permian (Henderson &amp; Shen 2020: 889).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ S. cliffs of Lunwala Wahan, 1/ 2 mile S.S.W. Kumra Devi ”; Lunwala Wahan near Nali, Khushab, Punjab, Pakistan.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The holotype, based on a complete and well-preserved shell (GSI type no. 17173 / K 33.318), is stored at the Geological Survey of India, Kolkata.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF85FF8AFD8284EDFD0FF863	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF84FF8BFD808042FACFFBBE.text	B77687CEFF84FF8BFD808042FACFFBBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Byssoarca reticulata McCoy 1844	<div><p>Byssoarca reticulata McCoy, 1844</p><p>Original source</p><p>McCoy (1844): 73, pl. 12 fig. 9.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Chadian, lower Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (according to the collection label of National Museum of Ireland, Dublin).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Millicent, Clane ”, County Kildare (Griffith in McCoy 1862), Ireland.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type series stored at the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin. Lectotype (designated by Hind 1897) is a steinkern with shell preservation (NMING: F7355) figured by McCoy (1844) and Hind (1897: pl. 12 fig. 1). Additional paralectotypes are NMING: F7356, NMING: F5136 and NMING: F5137; all Griffith collection.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Hind (1897) placed the species in the genus Parallelodon (see also Amler 1987). Note that Shih (in Fan et al. 1962) introduced Parallelodon reticulatus as a secondary synonym of P. reticulatus (McCoy, 1844) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF84FF8BFD808042FACFFBBE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF84FF8BFE0F8561FB04F906.text	B77687CEFF84FF8BFE0F8561FB04F906.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon reticulatus Shih	<div><p>Parallelodon reticulatus Shih in Fan et al., 1962 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Fan et al. (1962): 146, pl. 1 fig. 2a–c, text-figs 3–4.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Nuoyinhe Group, upper Permian (Zhang 2009).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Near Yikebiquesi, upper Bayin [Bayinhe] River, Delingha, Qinghai, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a LV, no. 00406; storage uncertain, probably at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Secondary homonym of Byssoarca reticulata McCoy, 1844, which was classified in Parallelodon by Hind (1897). Liu in Gu et al. (1976) introduced P. qinghaiensis as a replacement name.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF84FF8BFE0F8561FB04F906	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF84FF84FDEB87AAFCEBFDE9.text	B77687CEFF84FF84FDEB87AAFCEBFDE9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon sangamonensis Worthen 1890	<div><p>Macrodon sangamonensis Worthen, 1890</p><p>Original source</p><p>Worthen (1890): 123, pl. 21 fig. 3, 3a.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Coal Measures”; Sparland Formation, McLeansboro Group, Upper Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Rolls Ford, Sangamon county, Illinois ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntype (s) is stored at the Illinois State Museum under the coll. no. ISM 2585 (Leary 1971).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Recombined as Parallelodon sangamonensis by Morningstar (1922: 210, pl. 11 figs 3–4); also discussed and illustrated in Hoare et al. (1979: 31, pl. 3 figs 9–10).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF84FF84FDEB87AAFCEBFDE9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8BFF84FDF48337FCDEFA5D.text	B77687CEFF8BFF84FDF48337FCDEFA5D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Byssoarca semicostata McCoy 1844	<div><p>Byssoarca semicostata McCoy, 1844</p><p>Original source</p><p>McCoy (1844): 73, pl. 11 fig. 35.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Middle Limestone or Calp Series (Griffith in McCoy 1862); probably Benbulben Shale Formation of the Tyrone Group (Arundian–Asbian, Visean, Mississippian) (Friedel &amp; Amler 2024), Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Manorhamilton, Manorhamilton”, County Leitrim (Griffith in McCoy 1862), Ireland.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Unfortunately, there is no information available on the number of syntypes studied by McCoy. Specimen NMING: F7357/A, coll. Griffith, figured by McCoy (1844: pl. 11 fig. 35), Hind (1897: pl. 11 fig. 5), Wilson (1967: pl. 3 fig. 9) and Friedel &amp; Amler (2024: fig. 7a), was termed as “the type” in Hind (1897: 158) and is either holotype by monotypy or lectotype by subsequent designation of Hind (1897). The documents of the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin custodians state: “The counterparts of this pair of valves were recently noticed on the reverse of the matrix of the lectotype of Serpulites carbonarius (M’Coy), now numbered F7357/B. These were not seen by Hind or Wilson as the specimen was glued to a tablet with the annelid uppermost”.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Hind (1897) placed the species in the genus Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8BFF84FDF48337FCDEFA5D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8BFF85FDCF874DFE22FEC8.text	B77687CEFF8BFF85FDCF874DFE22FEC8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon semiellipticus Yanishevsky 1900	<div><p>Parallelodon semiellipticus Yanishevsky, 1900</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yanishevsky (1900): 224, pl. 3 fig. 24.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985) indicated a Baskhirian (Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous) age, while Mychko et al. (2025), based on a wider assessment of the area, attributed strata around the type locality to the Visean (Mississippian) to Bashkirian (Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Shartymka River, ca 8 km SE of Polyakovka, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material (KP 426/448) is stored at the A.A. Shtukenberg Geological Museum of Kazan Federal University, Kazan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8BFF85FDCF874DFE22FEC8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8AFF85FDD580D7FC32FD44.text	B77687CEFF8AFF85FDD580D7FC32FD44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca (Macrodon) semilarvis Keyserling	<div><p>Arca (Macrodon) semilarvis “Keyserling ”</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The name appears first (without authorship) in the Atlas for the paleontological course of Meller &amp; Laguzen (1882, Paleozoologiya, part 2, pl. 2 fig. 15; as Arca (Macrodon) semilarvis), who illustrated a specimen from the Pennsylvanian of the western slope of the Ural Mts. It was also mentioned by Chernyshev (1902), who attributed the species to Keyserling (“Keys.”) and referred to it as a replacement name for Macrodon lacordairianum Verneuil, non De Koninck. The original source could not be found; it is unclear, if the species was indeed described earlier by Keyserling. If no older source can be detected, the name would be available from Meller &amp; Laguzen (1882).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8AFF85FDD580D7FC32FD44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8AFF85FD8785BAFABEF8E2.text	B77687CEFF8AFF85FD8785BAFABEF8E2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carbonarca semseyi Rakusz 1932	<div><p>Carbonarca semseyi Rakusz, 1932</p><p>Original source</p><p>Rakusz (1932): 93, pl. 4 figs 15–16.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Horizont ζ”; Upper Carboniferous, probably Moscovian (according to Hyžný et al. 2013).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Dobšiná, “Michaeli-Grube”, Slovakia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Rakusz attributed the authorship to K. Papp (1919: 121) (as “Papp, em. aut.”), who had only listed the name as nomen nudum in a footnote. Not found in the literature after the original description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8AFF85FD8785BAFABEF8E2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8AFF85FE05826BFB1AFB77.text	B77687CEFF8AFF85FE05826BFB1AFB77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon semistriatum Noinsky 1913	<div><p>Macrodon semistriatum Noinsky, 1913 [nomen nudum]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Noinsky (1913): 122, 133, 691, 696, 704.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Noinsky (1913) listed the species from the upper Permian (“Pb2”) below the “outpost” at the mouth of the rather large “Biruchya” ravine (“Nizhe ‘forposta’ u ust’ya dovol’no bol’shogo’ ‘Biryuch’ya’ ovraga”) in Samara Oblast (Russia) as new, but he did not describe it. On p. 691 he stated that “it is very close to the common M. striatum Schloth., and represents, perhaps, only a variation of it” (translated from Russian). However, this does not constitute a description, hence the name is a nomen nudum Maslennikov (1935) listed the species as Parallelodon but again without description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8AFF85FE05826BFB1AFB77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF89FF86FE348043FC57FC24.text	B77687CEFF89FF86FE348043FC57FC24.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon shubenacadiensis Dawson 1868	<div><p>Macrodon (?) shubenacadiensis Dawson, 1868</p><p>Original source</p><p>Dawson (1868): 302, text-fig. 103.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>None given, but probably from the Windsor Group (middle to upper Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous according to Utting 1978).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ at Shubenacadie and Windsor, also in Cape Breton ”; Nova Scotia, Canada.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Studied material is stored at the Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montreal, under coll. no. 2818 in the coll. Dawson.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Bell (1929) placed the species in the genus Leptodesma ( Pterineidae).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF89FF86FE348043FC57FC24	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF89FF86FDD7828BFA97F906.text	B77687CEFF89FF86FDD7828BFA97F906.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon shachtauensis Nelzina 1961	<div><p>Parallelodon shachtauensis Nelzina, 1961</p><p>Original source</p><p>Nelzina (1961): p. 159, fig. 1a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Sakmarskiy yarus, tastubskiy gorizont”; lower Sakmarian, Cisuralian, Permian (see Biakov 2012)</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Bashkiriya, gora Shak-Tau” [Bashkortostan Republic, Shakhtau hill]; near Sterlitamak, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Figured specimen (holotype) is stored at the Academician F.N. Chernyshev Central Geological Research Museum (TsNIGR museum), St Petersburg, under coll. no. 1/9315 (Kadlets et al. 1996: 201).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Nelzina (1961) used three different original spellings, “ shachtauensis ” in the heading of the description, “ schacktauensis ” in the discussion of the species and “ shacktauensis ” in the introduction and figure caption. Considering the locality name (“Shak-Tau” as used by Nelzina and “Shakhtau” as the current name), all three variants are acceptable spellings. Since the species was not found in any subsequent work, we hereby fix shachtauensis as the correct original spelling according to ICZN Art. 32.2.1.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF89FF86FDD7828BFA97F906	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF89FF87FDE887AAFEF8FE59.text	B77687CEFF89FF87FDE887AAFEF8FE59.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon sibiricus Yanishevsky 1915	<div><p>Parallelodon sibiricus Yanishevsky, 1915</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yanishevsky (1915): 53 [Russian], 93 [French], pl. 5 figs 6, 13, 16–17.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“la rive droite de la Tom [...] près de la ville de Tomsk ” [on the right bank of the Tom [...] near the city of Tomsk]; Tomsk Oblast, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF89FF87FDE887AAFEF8FE59	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF88FF87FE1F8340FE11FA94.text	B77687CEFF88FF87FE1F8340FE11FA94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon simense Chernyshev 1902	<div><p>Macrodon simense Chernyshev, 1902 [nomen dubium]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Chernyshev (1902): 346 [Russian], 667 [German].</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Upper Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Russia (locality unknown).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Chernyshev introduced the species as a new name for “ M.[acrodon] Lacordairianum auct. u. a.” (non De Koninck), but it is entirely unclear to which authors he referred to. Forms previously misidentified as “ M. lacordairianum ” by Verneuil are referred to as “ M. semilarvis Keys. ” Since the respective part of the discussion deals with Upper Carboniferous faunas from the central Ural Mts, it is likely that Chernyshev referred to previously misidentified records from these deposits. Given the uncertainty of the species’ identity, material availability and the lack of further discussion in the literature, we consider this species as a nomen dubium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF88FF87FE1F8340FE11FA94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF88FF80FD81841BFBFBFE25.text	B77687CEFF88FF80FD81841BFBFBFE25.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodus simplex Tornquist 1896	<div><p>Macrodus simplex Tornquist, 1896</p><p>Original source</p><p>Tornquist (1896): 98 [632], pl. 19 fig. 8.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“[in der] schiefrigen Facies des Kohlenkalks” (Tornquist 1895: 23) [shaly facies of the Carboniferous Limestone]; middle to upper Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Amler 1987).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Hohlweg unterhalb der Ferme [Bauernhof] Pütig”; along the route from Bourbach-le-Haut to Masevaux, Département Haut-Rhin, France.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The whereabouts of the material studied by Tornquist (1896) are unknown. He stated the material as belonging to the “Geologische Landesanstalt Elsass-Lothringen”. Amler (1987) stated that the Tornquist collection in the Strasbourg Museum was destroyed in a fire (see also Hubmann 2014).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Tornquist (1896) considered specimens identified as Parallelodon obtusus (Phillips, 1836) by De Koninck (1885) as a different species and introduced Macrodon simplex . Potentially a junior synonym of Parallelodon intermedius (De Koninck, 1885) according to Amler (1987).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF88FF80FD81841BFBFBFE25	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8FFF80FD818518FC49F963.text	B77687CEFF8FFF80FD818518FC49F963.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Modiola squamifera Phillips 1836	<div><p>Modiola squamifera Phillips, 1836</p><p>Original source</p><p>Phillips (1836): 209, pl. 5 fig. 22.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Top of Lower Scar Limestones; probably Great Scar Limestone, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Phillips 1836: 241; compare Amler 1987: 160).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Bolland ”; south of Ogden Reservoir, west of Queensbury, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Figured specimen is a LV in matrix, stored at the Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK PI OR 97152, coll. Gilbertson).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Valid as P. squamifer (Hind 1897); also listed in Hudson et al. (1966).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8FFF80FD818518FC49F963	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8FFF80FD8180F5FCDCFB90.text	B77687CEFF8FFF80FD8180F5FCDCFB90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon spryi Chapman 1908	<div><p>Parallelodon spryi Chapman, 1908</p><p>Original source</p><p>Chapman (1908): 38, pl. 1 fig. 3.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Silurian (Yeringian) [...]; in yellow sandstone” Yan Yean Formation?, Wenlock–Ludlow, Silurian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Wandong, Victoria” Wandong, County of Dalhousie, Victoria, Australia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a LV covered with sediment (coll. no. P 7950). Stored at the Museums Victoria, Melbourne.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Mentioned in the type catalogue of Gill &amp; Davies (1968). Systematic classification questionable, may rather be a taxodont protobranch (Amler &amp; Friedel 2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8FFF80FD8180F5FCDCFB90	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8FFF81FDDC864EFCEDFCF1.text	B77687CEFF8FFF81FDDC864EFCEDFCF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca squamosa De Koninck 1842	<div><p>Arca squamosa De Koninck, 1842 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1842): 121, pl. 2 fig. 13.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire de Visé”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntypes are stored in the collection of the Géologie de l’Université Lyon. Syntype UCBL-EM 35397 (figured) is a BV specimen; three further BV specimens are available (UCBL-EM 35398-35400).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Junior homonym of Arca squamosa Lamarck, 1819, renamed as Arca fimbriata by De Koninck (1844: 634); see entry for that species for further details.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8FFF81FDDC864EFCEDFCF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8EFF81FE178239FE88FAA4.text	B77687CEFF8EFF81FE178239FE88FAA4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Grammatodon steinhagei Paul 1954	<div><p>Grammatodon steinhagei Paul, 1954 [nomen nudum]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Paul (1954): 44 [6].</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The species name only occurs (as “ G. steinhagei Paul mscr.”) in a species list in Paul (1954), which was published after his death. Since he did not provide a description, the name is a nomen nudum. The material determined by Paul is located at the Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR) Berlin Spandau and derives from lower Visean (Mississippian, Carboniferous) limestones at “Wasserfall bei Velbert (westlicher Steinbruch)” (Velbert, Am Wasserfall, western quarry) in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8EFF81FE178239FE88FAA4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8EFF81FDE0840BFCF4F810.text	B77687CEFF8EFF81FDE0840BFCF4F810.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon striatocostatus Herrick 1888	<div><p>Macrodon striatocostatus Herrick, 1888</p><p>Original source</p><p>Herrick (1888b): 37, pl. 6 fig. 7, pl. 11 fig. 37 [sic, actually fig. 27]; originally as “ striato-costatus ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Waverly Group, Division I, upper part of Berea shale (see tabulated list compiled by Cooper appended to Herrick’s article) [Upper Devonian according to Kammer &amp; Roeser 2012].</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“in shales seventy feet below conglomerate I, in Ashland Co.”, Ohio, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Not found in the literature after the original description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8EFF81FDE0840BFCF4F810	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8DFF82FDE78043FC79FC5D.text	B77687CEFF8DFF82FDE78043FC79FC5D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mytulites striatus von Schlotheim 1820	<div><p>Mytulites striatus von Schlotheim, 1820</p><p>Original source von Schlotheim (1820): 31, pl. 6 fig. 3a–c.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Höhlenkalkstein”; Zechstein Group, Zechstein 1 (reef facies) Series, Werra Formation, Wuchiapingian, Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Glücksbrunn, Thuringia”; Altenburg cave, Glücksbrunn near Bad Liebenstein-Schweina, Thuringia, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype is a BV specimen (MB.M.5848.1; old no. Qu. A. 161.2) designated by Logan (1967: 41). Further specimens are stored under the coll. no. MB.M.4858. All are stored at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (coll. Schlotheim).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Recently revised as Parallelodon striatus by Friedel et al. (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8DFF82FDE78043FC79FC5D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8DFF82FDE7854DFCBCF960.text	B77687CEFF8DFF82FDE7854DFCBCF960.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Palaearca subarguta De Koninck 1876	<div><p>Palaearca subarguta De Koninck, 1876</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1876): 287, pl. 16 fig. 8.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Etheridge (1878, there as “ Arca ”) listed the age of this species as “Carboniferous”; this was repeated by Waterhouse (1958). Campbell &amp; Bein (1971) considered the strata at the locality as probably lower Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Burragood, on the right bank of the Paterson River, New South Wales, Australia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Etheridge (1889: 205) attributed the species to Parallelodon (as subarguta, but Parallelodon is masculine). In some cases, the first description is cited as of 1898, which is the publication date of the English translation of De Koninck’s (1876) work.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8DFF82FDE7854DFCBCF960	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8DFF83FE6D864FFAD3FD55.text	B77687CEFF8DFF83FE6D864FFAD3FD55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Megalodon suboblongus de Verneuil	<div><p>Megalodon suboblongus de Verneuil in Murchison et al., 1845</p><p>Original source</p><p>Murchison et al. (1845): 305, pl. 20 fig. 4.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“des calcaires dévoniens”; Devonian limestones; probably lower Famennian (cf. Lebedev et al. 2020), Devonian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“des environs de Zadonsk, sur les bords du Don” [from the vicinity of Zadonsk, on the banks of the Don River]; Lipetsk Oblast, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Based on the morphology, Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) suggested a probable affiliation with Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8DFF83FE6D864FFAD3FD55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8CFF83FDD38245FD06FA22.text	B77687CEFF8CFF83FDD38245FD06FA22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon subperlongi Gan & Yin 1978	<div><p>Parallelodon subperlongi Gan &amp; Yin, 1978</p><p>Original source</p><p>Gan &amp; Yin (1978): 310, pl. 109 figs 23, 27.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Wujiaping Formation, Lopingian, Permian (Wang et al. 2024).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Leping, Pingba, Guizhou Province, South China (Yang et al. 2015), China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a LV, no. GI-112 (pl. 109 fig. 23); storage unknown. Fang et al. (2009) listed the storage institution for bivalve material with a similar inventory number as “Regional Geological Survey Team of Guizhou Province”, yet without providing details.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Used as valid species by Yang et al. (2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8CFF83FDD38245FD06FA22	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFF8CFFBCFDA7848DFC79FDB5.text	B77687CEFF8CFFBCFDA7848DFC79FDB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca substriata Krotov 1885	<div><p>Arca substriata Krotov, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>Krotov (1885): 245, pl. 3 fig. 12.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Artinskian strata”, Cisuralian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Naydena nizhe s. V.-Yaz’vy, na r. Yaz’ve ” [found below Verkhnyaya Yazva, at the Yazva River]; near the village of Antipina, Perm Krai, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type material of another parallelodontid taxon described by Krotov (1885) is stored at the A.A. Shtukenberg Geological Museum of Kazan Federal University, Kazan; material of A. substriata seems to be missing though.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Friedel et al. (2025) placed the species in the genus Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFF8CFFBCFDA7848DFC79FDB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB3FFBCFDD58588FACFF8C5.text	B77687CEFFB3FFBCFDD58588FACFF8C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca subtumida d'Orbigny 1850	<div><p>Arca subtumida d’Orbigny, 1850 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>d’Orbigny (1850): 165.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“untere Zechsteine”; Zechstein Group, Zechstein 1 (reef facies) Series, Werra Formation, Wuchiapingian, Permian (Geinitz 1848).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Corbusen bei Ronneburg, Pössneck, Glücksbrunn, Wartburg bei Seebach in Thüringen ” [Korbussen near Ronneburg, Pössneck, Glücksbrunn, Wartburg hill near Seebach, Thuringia] (Geinitz 1848), Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>D’Orbigny introduced A. subtumida for a specimen that Geinitz had determined as A. tumida (1848: 9, pl. 4 fig. 7). Considered a junior synonym of P. striatus (von Schlotheim, 1820) by Friedel et al. (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB3FFBCFDD58588FACFF8C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB3FFBCFDD28365FB68FB21.text	B77687CEFFB3FFBCFDD28365FB68FB21.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon subtilistriatus Wanner 1922	<div><p>Parallelodon? subtilistriatus Wanner, 1922</p><p>Original source</p><p>Wanner (1922): 72, pl. 154 fig. 4a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Permian beds at Soefa, Timor (Waterhouse 1987: 214).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Soefa bei Baung, Amarassi ”; East Nusa Tenggara, Kupang, West Timor, Indonesia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The figured specimen (BIOB-PAL-Wanner-42) and additional material (BIOB-PAL-Wanner-65) are stored at the Bonner Institute of Organismic Biology, University of Bonn.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Misspelt as P. subliratus by Reed (1944: 289). Mentioned by Charlton et al. (2002: 760).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB3FFBCFDD28365FB68FB21	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB2FFBDFDDE8043FACCFC27.text	B77687CEFFB2FFBDFDDE8043FACCFC27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucullaea sulcata Sedgwick 1829	<div><p>Cucullaea sulcata Sedgwick, 1829 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Sedgwick (1829): 119.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Magnesian Limestone”; Ford or Raisby Formation, Zechstein, Changhsingian, Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Humbleton ”; County Tyne and Wear (formerly Durham), United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype designated by Friedel et al. (2025) is a steinkern of a LV and RV (NHMUK PI PL 98, coll. Sowerby), stored at the Natural History Museum, London. Lectotype is figured by King (1850: pl. 15 fig. 8) and Friedel et al. (2025: fig. 3a).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Considered a junior synonym of Parallelodon striatus (von Schlotheim, 1820) by Friedel et al. (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB2FFBDFDDE8043FACCFC27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB2FFBDFD9C828BFACFF9C9.text	B77687CEFFB2FFBDFD9C828BFACFF9C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon sulcatus Weller 1906	<div><p>Macrodon sulcatus Weller, 1906</p><p>Original source</p><p>Weller (1906): 450, pl. 2 figs 6–9.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Glen Park Limestone”; Glen Park Formation, Kinderhookian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Goetz’s lime quarry, just below Glen Park station on the St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railroad, about twenty-five miles south of St. Louis, in Jefferson County, Missouri ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Williams (1931) indicated the syntypes (“cotypes”) to be stored at the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (FMNH UC 11335).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>First listed as Parallelodon by Moore (1928); further described and discussed by Williams (1931, 1943).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB2FFBDFD9C828BFACFF9C9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB2FFBEFDFA87D0FC95FDE9.text	B77687CEFFB2FFBEFDFA87D0FC95FDE9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon sundaicum Hamlet 1928	<div><p>Parallelodon sundaicum Hamlet, 1928</p><p>Original source</p><p>Hamlet (1928): 82, pl. 12 fig. 18; originally as sundaïcum .</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“ Perm ” (lower Permian Soefa beds according to Waterhouse 1980).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Töo”; East Nusa Tenggara, West Timor, Indonesia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Since Parallelodon is masculine, the species epithet should read sundaicus. Also listed by Waterhouse (1980) and mentioned by Charlton et al. (2002: 760).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB2FFBEFDFA87D0FC95FDE9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB1FFBEFE018330FCD5FA8D.text	B77687CEFFB1FFBEFE018330FCD5FA8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Grammatodon (Cosmetodon) suzukii Nakazawa 1999	<div><p>Grammatodon (Cosmetodon)? suzukii Nakazawa, 1999</p><p>Original source</p><p>Nakazawa (1999): 4, fig. 4-1a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Black shale of the uppermost fossil horizon, in the Hovtinden Member (F11)”; Hovtinden Mb., Kapp Starostin Formation, Lopingian, Permian (Bond et al. 2018).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Festningen, Spitsbergen ”, Norway.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is an external mould of a BV specimen (HP 100050). Should have been stored at the Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University; probably stored at the Kyoto University Museum now, but missing (Friedel et al. 2025).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Described as Parallelodon suzukii by Friedel et al. (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB1FFBEFE018330FCD5FA8D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB1FFBEFE43841DFDDAF8CA.text	B77687CEFFB1FFBEFE43841DFDDAF8CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon tamuganeensis Z. - R. Yang 1983	<div><p>Parallelodon tamuganeensis Z.-R. Yang in Wei &amp; Z.-R. Yang, 1983</p><p>Original source</p><p>Wei &amp; Yang (1983): 391, pl. 149 fig. 34.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Shiqiantan Formation, “Middle Carboniferous” (in Zhang 2009 as “Shihchientan Formation”, Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Kelameli [also transliterated as Kelamaili], East Junggar, Xinjiang, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Illustrated specimen: XBA-154 (no holotype indicated); stored at Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Urumqi, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB1FFBEFE43841DFDDAF8CA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB0FFBFFDCD8043FBDDFCF0.text	B77687CEFFB0FFBFFDCD8043FBDDFCF0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon tenuicostatus Yanishevsky 1900	<div><p>Parallelodon tenuicostatus Yanishevsky, 1900</p><p>Original source</p><p>Yanishevsky (1900): 218, pl. 3 fig. 19.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Astafieva-Urbajtis &amp; Ramovš (1985) indicated a Baskhirian (Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous) age, while Mychko et al. (2025), based on a wider assessment of the area, attributed strata around the type locality to the Visean (Mississippian) to Bashkirian (Pennsylvanian), Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Shartymka River, ca 8 km SE of Polyakovka, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Yanishevsky did not designate a holotype. The type material (KP 426/443), a LV and a RV, is stored at the A.A. Shtukenberg Geological Museum of Kazan Federal University, Kazan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB0FFBFFDCD8043FBDDFCF0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB0FFBFFDFF8238FD5BFA0A.text	B77687CEFFB0FFBFFDFF8238FD5BFA0A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon tenuis De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon tenuis De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 148, pl. 24 fig. 23.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4680 (old no. 967; coll. de Ryckholt).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB0FFBFFDFF8238FD5BFA0A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB0FFB8FD808495FE0CFD43.text	B77687CEFFB0FFB8FD808495FE0CFD43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucullaea tenuistria McCoy 1844	<div><p>Cucullaea tenuistria McCoy, 1844</p><p>Original source</p><p>McCoy (1844): 72, pl. 12 fig. 10.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Dinantian (Tournaisian–Visean), Mississippian, Carboniferous; probably Mullaghfin Formation (Asbian, Visean) (pers. com. I. Somerville 2024).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Cregg, Nobber ”, County Meath (Griffith in McCoy 1862), Ireland.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The total number of syntypes is not recorded, three specimens are kept in the Griffith coll. at the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin. The only specimen (NMING: F7297) figured by McCoy (1844: pl. 12 fig. 10) and Friedel &amp; Amler (2024: fig. 6g) was called “the type specimen” by Hind (1897: pl. 11 fig. 4, 4a), which acts as designation of a lectotype. The two other specimens are paralectotypes NMING: F5133 and NMING: F7298 .</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Cucullaea tenuistria was renamed Arca M’Coyana by De Koninck (1851: 670), only for the risk of confusion with the Cretaceous species Arca tenuistriata Münster in Goldfuss, 1837 (p. 142, erroneously listed as Arca tenuistria Münster in the index: 305). Since no homonymy exists, the name is a junior objective synonym of C. tenuistria . Apparently, De Koninck (1885: 162) realised that as well, ignored his earlier renaming, and used Parallelodon tenuistria as the valid name. Note that the species name is a noun in apposition.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB0FFB8FD808495FE0CFD43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB7FFB8FE36826EFC26FA64.text	B77687CEFFB7FFB8FE36826EFC26FA64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon tenuistriatus Meek & Worthen 1866	<div><p>Macrodon tenuistriatus Meek &amp; Worthen, 1866</p><p>Original source</p><p>Meek &amp; Worthen (1866a): 17.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Coal Measures”; Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Springfield, Illinois, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As Macrodon in the heading of the description, but in the text the authors introduced the genus Parallelodon as a replacement name for Macrodon Buckman, 1845, non Schinz, 1822, and used the combination Parallelodon tenuistriatus . The species was discussed and illustrated by Hoare et al. (1979: 31, pl. 3 figs 11–13) and Amler (1987: 168, pl. 5 fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB7FFB8FE36826EFC26FA64	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB7FFB9FD99874BFB01FE7C.text	B77687CEFFB7FFB9FD99874BFB01FE7C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca tessellata De Koninck 1842	<div><p>Arca tessellata De Koninck, 1842</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1842): 118, pl. 3 fig. 2a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire anthraxifére supérieur de Visé”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated LV (UCBL-EM 35419) is stored in the collection of the Géologie de l’Université Lyon.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Paul (1941) placed the species in Grammatodon; not found in the literature afterwards.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB7FFB9FD99874BFB01FE7C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB6FFB9FDDF80A3FE39FB5E.text	B77687CEFFB6FFB9FDDF80A3FE39FB5E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon theciformis De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon theciformis De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 158, pl. 24 figs 26–27.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère de Visé (étage III)”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4717 (old no. 971, coll. De Koninck).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>De Koninck (1885) used the spelling thecidiformis in the plate caption, but the species has been consistently referred to as P. theciformis (e.g., Hind 1897: 171; Amler 1987: 162; Friedel &amp; Amler 2024: 522, 528).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB6FFB9FDDF80A3FE39FB5E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB6FFB9FDC58442FD47F897.text	B77687CEFFB6FFB9FDC58442FD47F897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon theodorensis Waterhouse 1987	<div><p>Parallelodon theodorensis Waterhouse, 1987</p><p>Original source</p><p>Waterhouse (1987): 136, pl. 1 figs 12–17, 19.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Top Flat Formation”, Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“L 4580”; quarry along highway north of Theodore, Bowen Basin, Banana Shire, Queensland, Australia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype is a RV (UQF 74304; pl. 1 fig. 17). Additional material is illustrated (UQF 74302, UQF 74303, UQF 74305, UQF 74306, UQF 74307, UQF 74308). Stored at the Department of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Queensland, Brisbane.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB6FFB9FDC58442FD47F897	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB6FFBAFDAD861AFD88FD27.text	B77687CEFFB6FFBAFDAD861AFD88FD27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon tieni Chao 1927	<div><p>Parallelodon tieni Chao, 1927</p><p>Original source</p><p>Chao (1927): 9, pl. 1 figs 7–9.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“ Spirifer taiyuanensis zone, Houkou limestone, Lincheng coal field”; Houkou limestone, Taiyuan Formation, upper Carboniferous to lower Permian (Fang et al. 2009).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Lincheng coal field, S. Chihli ([...] Loc. 158)”; Lincheng County, Xingtai, Hebei, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Synypes are four specimens (given by the author as “cotypes”), with three of them illustrated on pl. 1 figs 7–9 (inv. no. 1217–1219); all stored at the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB6FFBAFDAD861AFD88FD27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB5FFBAFDE7838AFBBEFAB1.text	B77687CEFFB5FFBAFDE7838AFBBEFAB1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon Buckman 1845	<div><p>Macrodon ?? triangularis Herrick, 1888</p><p>Original source</p><p>Herrick (1888a): 74, pl. 8 fig. 8.</p><p>Type stratum and age middle Waverly Group, Kinderhookian, Tournaisian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Licking County, Ohio (no exact locality indicated in the text), United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Placed in Schizodus ( Trigoniida: Schizodidae) by Herrick (1888b: 116).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB5FFBAFDE7838AFBBEFAB1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB5FFBAFD898478FE50F8CA.text	B77687CEFFB5FFBAFD898478FE50F8CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon trimuensis Reed 1944	<div><p>Parallelodon trimuensis Reed, 1944</p><p>Original source</p><p>Reed (1944): 288, pl. 56 fig. 13.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Lower Productus Limestone ”; corresponds to Amb Formation (Douglass 1970), Roadian–Wordian, Guadalupian, Permian (Henderson &amp; Shen 2020).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Northern end of hill 1/ 2 mile S.S.W. of pt. 1185, S. of Trimu Wahan (Sheet 38P/14S)”; near Musa Khel, Punjab, Pakistan.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype, based on only one specimen (GSI Type No. 17174 / K30.876), is stored at the Geological Survey of India, Kolkata.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB5FFBAFD898478FE50F8CA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB4FFBBFDC182AFFEEDF925.text	B77687CEFFB4FFBBFDC182AFFEEDF925.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca tumida J. De C. Sowerby 1824	<div><p>Arca tumida J. De C. Sowerby, 1824 [invalid]</p><p>Original source</p><p>Sowerby (1824): 116, pl. 474 fig. 3.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Magnesian Limestone”; Ford or Raisby Formation, Zechstein, Changhsingian, Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Tunstall Hill, near Sunderland ”, Durham, United Kingdom.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Sowerby referred to “plentiful” material. The only available syntype (now lectotype by subsequent designation by Friedel et al. 2025) (NHMUK PI PL 805) is a BV steinkern. Stored in the Sowerby collections of the Natural History Museum, London.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Recently considered as a junior synonym of Parallelodon striatus (von Schlotheim, 1820) by Friedel et al. (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB4FFBBFDC182AFFEEDF925	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB4FFBBFD838043FCF4FC01.text	B77687CEFFB4FFBBFD838043FCF4FC01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon truncatus Walcott 1884	<div><p>Macrodon truncatus Walcott, 1884</p><p>Original source</p><p>Walcott (1884): 243, pl. 8 fig. 2.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Lower portion of Lower Carboniferous limestone”; Mississippian, Carboniferous (Bailey 2021).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ East slope of a small conical hill, on the east side of Secret-cañon-roas Cañon, Eureka, District, Nevada ”, United States of America.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Walcott mentioned only a single specimen. The syntype (probably holotype by monotypy, coll. no. USNM PAL 14382) is stored at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Paleobiology Collection, Washington, D.C. (see also Schuchert 1905).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Not found in the literature after the original description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB4FFBBFD838043FCF4FC01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB4FFB4FDEC87F5FE30FDCA.text	B77687CEFFB4FFB4FDEC87F5FE30FDCA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon undatus De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon undatus De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 156, pl. 25 fig. 15.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire carbonifère des Pauquys (étage II)”; Waulsort Formation, upper Tournaisian, Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pauquys ”; Hastière, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntype is stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4704 (old no. 653; coll. Dupont).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Considered a Cypricardinia ( Cardiniidae) by Paul (1941); placed with question mark in Parallelodon by Amler (1987).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB4FFB4FDEC87F5FE30FDCA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFBBFFB4FE4C83D5FC37FB21.text	B77687CEFFBBFFB4FE4C83D5FC37FB21.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon uralicus Muromtseva 1984	<div><p>Parallelodon uralicus Muromtseva in Muromtseva &amp; Guskov, 1984</p><p>Original source</p><p>Muromtseva &amp; Guskov (1984): 37, pl. 36 fig. 7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Kungurian, lower Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Zapadnyy Ural, reki Sylva i Kishert’” [western Urals, Sylva and Kishert rivers]; Perm Krai, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The holotype (coll. no. 64/11570) is a LV stored at the Academician F.N. Chernyshev Central Geological Research Museum (TsNIGR museum), St Petersburg, Russia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFBBFFB4FE4C83D5FC37FB21	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFBBFFB4FD838588FCF4F8B0.text	B77687CEFFBBFFB4FD838588FCF4F8B0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon vadaszi Rakusz 1932	<div><p>Parallelodon vadaszi Rakusz, 1932</p><p>Original source</p><p>Rakusz (1932): 174, text-fig. 25, pl. 9 fig. 12; originally as “ vadászi ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Oberkarbon”; Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous (probably Moscovian; see Gulyás-Kis 2004).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Eisenbahneinschnitt von Nagyvisnyó” [Railway cut at Nagyvisnyó]; Heves County, Hungary.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Not found in the literature after the original description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFBBFFB4FD838588FCF4F8B0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFBBFFB5FDF3867FFD86FD55.text	B77687CEFFBBFFB5FDF3867FFD86FD55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pholadomya venusta Steininger 1853	<div><p>Pholadomya venusta Steininger, 1853</p><p>Original source</p><p>Steininger (1853): 49, pl. 2 fig. 7a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Givetian, Middle Devonian (Amler &amp; Friedel 2025).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Büdesheim (Eifel), Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Beushausen (1895: 39, pl. 4 figs 3–4) synonymised Pterinea brilonensis Kayser, 1872 with Pholadomya venusta Steininger, 1853 and placed the species in Macrodus . Holzapfel (1895: 221) and Amler &amp; Friedel (2025) placed it in Parallelodon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFBBFFB5FDF3867FFD86FD55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFBAFFB5FDF38244FE58F9F2.text	B77687CEFFBAFFB5FDF38244FE58F9F2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca verneuilliana De Koninck 1842	<div><p>Arca verneuilliana De Koninck, 1842</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1842): 120, pl. 2 fig. 12a–d; originally as “ Verneuilliana ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire de Visé”; V3b and V3c, Visean, Mississippian, Carboniferous (Demanet 1958: 29; Godefroid et al. 2006).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Visé ”; quarries south of Visé, on the east side of the Meuse River valley (Demanet 1958; Godefroid et al. 2006), Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The syntypes are stored in the collection of the Géologie de l’Université Lyon. None of the specimens match the figure perfectly, only the BV syntype UCBL-EM 35391 seems to be the illustrated one (fig. 12c). Additional, but not figured, material (UCBL-EM 35392 to 35396) is available. We also found a specimen labelled as syntype (A83703) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris (JCF pers. obs.), but its status as such is unclear.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Placed in Parallelodon by De Koninck (1885) and Hind (1897). Misspelt as “ verneuilianus ” in all subsequent publications.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFBAFFB5FDF38244FE58F9F2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFBAFFB6FDEA873DFDD8FDCF.text	B77687CEFFBAFFB6FDEA873DFDD8FDCF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodus villmarensis Beushausen 1895	<div><p>Macrodus villmarensis Beushausen, 1895</p><p>Original source</p><p>Beushausen (1895): 38, pl. 4 fig. 2.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Stringocephalenkalk”; upper Givetian, Middle Devonian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Villmar ”; Villmar near Limburg on the Lahn, Hesse, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The type material, consisting of only one BV specimen (coll. no. MWNH-DEVO-000232) is stored at the Museum Wiesbaden, Hessisches Landesmuseum für Kunst und Natur. Beushausen selected the type material for M. villmarensis from the syntypes of Arca inermis G. Sandberger &amp; F. Sandberger, 1854 . The type material of both species is stored under the same number.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Beushausen (1895) separated the short variety of Arca inermis G. Sandberger &amp; F. Sandberger, 1854 [= Parallelodon michelini (d’Archiac &amp; de Verneuil, 1842)] as a new species, Macrodus villmarensis; see also discussion of Arca inermis .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFBAFFB6FDEA873DFDD8FDCF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB9FFB6FDF985ABFCF4F8CD.text	B77687CEFFB9FFB6FDF985ABFCF4F8CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon volgense Stuckenberg 1905	<div><p>Macrodon volgense Stuckenberg, 1905</p><p>Original source</p><p>Stuckenberg (1905): 82 [Russian], 135 [German], pl. 10 fig. 19.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“korallovyy gorizont’” [coral horizon]; age not specified in Stuckenberg (1905), but crinoid material from the same deposits was considered Gzhelian (uppermost Carboniferous) in age by Mirantsev &amp; Rozhnov (2011).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“Samarskaya Luka, Tsarev Kurgan’”; Samara Oblast, Russia.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Not found in the literature after the original description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB9FFB6FDF985ABFCF4F8CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB9FFB6FD9683D3FEF8FB04.text	B77687CEFFB9FFB6FD9683D3FEF8FB04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon vokesi Elias 1957	<div><p>Parallelodon vokesi Elias, 1957</p><p>Original source</p><p>Elias (1957b): 753, pl. 91 figs 5–12.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Redoak Hollow Formation, Upper Mississippian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Locality not stated in the original publication. Tomlinson in Elias (1957a) listed in the foreword four localities in the vicinity of the village of Milo (Carter County, Oklahoma), but it is unclear from which of those the material is derived.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Not traced.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB9FFB6FD9683D3FEF8FB04	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB8FFB7FD8A821BFD62F9B9.text	B77687CEFFB8FFB7FD8A821BFD62F9B9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrodon whitei Gemmellaro 1892	<div><p>Macrodon whitei Gemmellaro, 1892</p><p>Original source</p><p>Gemmellaro (1892): 7.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Calcare grossolano con Fusulina ”; Wordian to upper Permian (Sanfilippo et al. 2017).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pietra di Salomone ”; 3 km S of Palazzo Adriano, Palermo, Italy.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Gemmellaro did not designate types. His description is based on two syntypes, but only the steinkern of a RV illustrated in Gemmellaro (1896) is stored at the Museo Geologico Università Palermo, Italy (MGUP-001.265).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Only briefly described in Gemmellaro (1892: 7); extended description and illustration in Gemmellaro (1896: 23 [misprinted as “197”], pl. 21 fig. 7).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB8FFB7FD8A821BFD62F9B9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB8FFB7FE348043FB9EFC94.text	B77687CEFFB8FFB7FE348043FB9EFC94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon walciodorensis De Koninck 1885	<div><p>Parallelodon walciodorensis De Koninck, 1885</p><p>Original source</p><p>De Koninck (1885): 161, pl. 25 figs 13, 27–28, 43; originally as “ Walciodorensis ”.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“calcaire de Waulsort et des Pauquys (étage II)”; Waulsort Formation, upper Tournaisian, Carboniferous.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pauquys ”; Hastière, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The illustrated syntypes are stored at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, coll. no. RBINS a4727 (old no. 778; pl. 25 fig. 13; coll. Dupont), RBINS a4728 (old no. 707; pl. 25 figs 27–28; coll. Dupont) and RBINS a4729 (old no. 708; pl. 25 fig. 43; coll. Dupont).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB8FFB7FE348043FB9EFC94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFB8FFB0FE468760FCC2FEC9.text	B77687CEFFB8FFB0FE468760FCC2FEC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon yamansuensis Z. - R. Yang 1983	<div><p>Parallelodon yamansuensis Z.-R. Yang in Wei &amp; Z.-R. Yang, 1983</p><p>Original source</p><p>Wei &amp; Yang (1983): 391, pl. 149 fig. 13a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Yamansu Formation, Mississippian, Carboniferous (see also Zhao et al. 2019).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Hami Mt Pass, Xinjiang, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Yang did not designate a holotype. The illustrated specimen (XBA-132) is s a BV and stored at Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Urumqi, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFB8FFB0FE468760FCC2FEC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFBFFFB0FDF7857BFC5AF97C.text	B77687CEFFBFFFB0FDF7857BFC5AF97C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arca zerrenneri von Schauroth 1853	<div><p>Arca zerrenneri von Schauroth, 1853</p><p>Original source von Schauroth (1853): 192 [48], fig. 17a–b.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>“Dolomite von Pösneck”; Zechstein Group, Zechstein 1 (reef facies) Series, Werra Formation, Wuchiapingian, Lopingian, Permian.</p><p>Type locality</p><p>“ Pösneck ” [Pössneck]; Thuringia, Germany.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Species based on only one BV specimen (NMC-F-1185), which is stored at the Naturkundemuseum Coburg.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Recently revised as Parallelodon zerrenneri by Friedel et al. (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFBFFFB0FDF7857BFC5AF97C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
B77687CEFFBFFFB0FDEE80D0FCF4FBB4.text	B77687CEFFBFFFB0FDEE80D0FCF4FBB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parallelodon yangshanensis Wang 1982	<div><p>Parallelodon yangshanensis Wang, 1982</p><p>Original source</p><p>Wang (1982): 460, pl. 2 figs 15–21.</p><p>Type stratum and age</p><p>Lower section of the Miaochong Formation; Upper Carboniferous (Zhang 2009).</p><p>Type locality</p><p>West side of Yangshan Coal Mine, Gushi County, Henan, China.</p><p>Type material</p><p>The holotype (Y0075) and paratypes (Y0076 to Y0082) are stored at the Henan Geological Bureau, Zhengzhou, China.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Not found in the literature after the original description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B77687CEFFBFFFB0FDEE80D0FCF4FBB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Friedel, Julia C.;Neubauer, Thomas A.;Amler, Michael R. W.	Friedel, Julia C., Neubauer, Thomas A., Amler, Michael R. W. (2026): A nomenclator of the Palaeozoic taxa of the family Parallelodontidae (Bivalvia, Arcida). European Journal of Taxonomy 1065: 1-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1065.3289, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3289/14501
