taxonID	type	description	language	source
AC44C14FCB79096118ADFF4C974A3D80.taxon	description	MycoBank: MB # 859720	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB79096118ADFF4C974A3D80.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The name griseomacropus is derived from griseo-, meaning gray, and macropus, referring to its resemblance to Helvella macropus.	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB79096118ADFF4C974A3D80.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Very similar to Helvella submacropus, but differs by the presence of a distinct subhymenium layer and longer ascospores.	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB79096118ADFF4C974A3D80.taxon	materials_examined	Type: SOUTH KOREA, Chungcheongbuk-do, Yeongdong-gun, Sangchon-myeon, Mulhan-ri, San 50 - 1, elev. 551 m, 7 August 2024, S. Y. Park, KH 099 (KA 25 - 0485, holotype).	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB79096118ADFF4C974A3D80.taxon	description	Apothecia stipitate-cupulate. Cap 0.5 – 2.0 cm high, 1.2 – 4.0 cm broad, cup-shaped to discoid, occasionally laterally compressed, margin even to reflexed, free from stipe. Hymenium pale gray or brownish gray when fresh, becoming brownish when dried, surface smooth. Receptacle surface concolorous with hymenium, inconspicuously pubescent. Stipe 2.3 – 9.0 cm high, 0.2 – 0.5 cm broad, pale grey to grey, tapering upwards, sometimes brownish tint at the base, pubescent, terete, sometimes with one or more longitudinal grooves. Ectal excipulum 60 – 100 µm broad, of textura globulosa – angularis, 17.4 – 35.3 × 14 – 25.6 µm. Outermost cells 80 – 210 µm broad, drum-shaped, 13.2 – 41.1 × 7.9 – 18.9 µm. Medullary excipulum 150 – 240 µm broad, of textura intricata, hyphae 3 – 5.8 µm. Subhymenium 30 – 170 µm broad, of textura globulosa-intricata. Asci (204.6 –) 239.8 – 242.4 (– 310) × (13 –) 14.9 – 15.1 (– 18.6) µm, pleurohynchous, subcylindrical, eight-spored. Ascospores [90 / 3 / 3 in H 2 O] (20.8 –) 23.3 – 24.3 (– 26.7) × (10.3 –) 11.3 – 11.7 (– 12.5) µm, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, subfusoid, smooth, hyaline, [Q (1.85 –) 2.03 – 2.13 (– 2.36), Q av 2.08 ± 0.15]. Paraphyses 3 – 4.3 µm, filiform, septate, hyaline. Apex of paraphyses 5.4 – 9.9 µm	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB79096118ADFF4C974A3D80.taxon	distribution	Habitat and known distribution: Solitary or scattered on the ground in broad-leaved forest.	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB79096118ADFF4C974A3D80.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimen examined: SOUTH KOREA, Jeju, Jeju-si, 1100 - ro 2073, elev. 1,055 m, 9 July 2023, S. Y. Park, KH 027 (KA 24 - 1348), SOUTH KOREA, Jeju, Jeju-si, 1100 - ro 2073, elev. 1,055 m, 9 July 2023, S. Y. Park, KH 028 (KA 24 - 1349)	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB79096118ADFF4C974A3D80.taxon	discussion	Notes: In the phylogenetic analysis, sequences of Helvella griseomacropus formed an independent branch with strong support within the Macropus lineage. Helvella macropus and Helvella submacropus were represented as the most closely related taxa. One of the distinct traits of H. griseomacropus is its grey-colored ascomata, which distinguishes it from H. macropus, whose ascomata are yellowish-brown to pale greyish-brown (Dissing 1966). H. submacropus is very similar to H. griseomacropus in many traits, including color, size, and microscopic features; however, several notable differences were observed. The color of H. griseomacropus is paler than that of H. submacropus, and its apothecia are more plane to discoid in shape (Fig. 2 B), rather than shallowly cupulate as in H. submacropus (Li et al. 2023). Microscopically, H. griseomacropus has a distinct subhymenial layer composed of textura globulosa-intricata. In addition, the ascospores of H. griseomacropus are longer (20.8 – 26.7 × 10.3 - 12.5 µm vs. 17 – 23 × 10 - 13 µm), and the average Q value (length / width ratio) is markedly higher than in H. submacropus (2.08 ± 0.15 vs. 1.73 ± 0.12).	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB78096118ADFC9E93A43770.taxon	description	MycoBank: MB # 859722	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB78096118ADFC9E93A43770.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The specific epithet koreana refers to the type locality, Korea.	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB78096118ADFC9E93A43770.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Similar to Helvella solitaria, which has compressed cup-shaped to cup-shaped apothecia at maturity, but the apothecia of Helvella koreana remain persistently compressed cup-shaped throughout development.	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB78096118ADFC9E93A43770.taxon	materials_examined	Type: SOUTH KOREA, Gyeonggi-do, Paju-si, Jori-eup, Samneung-ro 89, elev. 28 m, 13 May 2024, S. Y. Park & H. P. Choi, KH 087 (KA 25 - 0479, holotype).	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB78096118ADFC9E93A43770.taxon	description	Apothecia stipitate-cupulate. Cap 1.0 – 3.5 cm high, 1.3 – 3.6 cm broad, laterally compressed cup-shaped, margin deflexed to even, free from stipe. Hymenium grayish brown to dark brown. surface smooth. Receptacle surface concolorous with the hymenium, covered with whitish tufts. blunt ribs nearly absent or covering approximately one – third of the receptacle surface. Stipe 1.0 – 5.2 cm high, 0.3 – 1.3 cm broad, cream to white at the base, gradually becoming dark brown toward the apex and concolorous with the receptacle surface, tapering upwards, glabrous but covered with tufts at the apex, ribbed and furrowed, ribs blunt, exhibiting both single- and double-edged forms, with anastomosis present. Ectal excipulum 70 – 110 µm broad, of textura angularis, 10.4 – 28.4 × 6.3 – 21.6 µm. Outermost cells 40 – 100 µm broad, club-shaped, 9.4 – 25.1 × 6.2 – 13.1 µm. Medullary excipulum 360 – 490 µm broad, of textura intricata, hyphae 2.4 – 5 µm. Asci (266.1 –) 310.4 – 313.2 (– 356.1) × (13.8 –) 16.2 – 16.4 (– 20.7) µm, pleurohynchous, subcylindrical, eight-spored. Ascospores [60 / 2 / 2 in H 2 O] (17.8 –) 19.6 – 20 (– 22.1) × (13 –) 14.6 – 15 (– 16) µm, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, [Q (1.15 –) 1.32 – 1.36 (– 1.55), Q av 1.34 ± 0.08]. Paraphyses 2.2 – 4.9 µm, clavate, septate, yellowishbrown. Apex of paraphyses 4.3 – 8.5 µm. Habitat and known distribution: Scattered on moss or soil in broad-leaved or mixed forests.	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB78096118ADFC9E93A43770.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimen examined: SOUTH KOREA, Gyeonggi-do, Paju-si, Jori-eup, Samneung-ro 89, elev. 28 m, 13 May 2024, S. Y. Park & H. P. Choi, KH 088 (KA 25 - 0480).	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB78096118ADFC9E93A43770.taxon	discussion	Notes: Helvella koreana belongs to the Solitaria lineage and forms a sister relationship with Helvella taiyuanensis in the phylogenetic tree. However, morphologically it shows a closer resemblance to Helvella solitaria. The apothecia of H. koreana remain laterally compressed cup-shaped throughout development, whereas those of H. taiyuanensis are irregular to saddle-shaped, and H. solitaria develops from a compressed form when young to a regular cup shape at maturity. Ascospore dimensions of H. koreana (17.8 – 22.1 × 13 – 16 µm) are comparable to those of H. solitaria (19 – 24 × 12 – 15 µm) (Dissing 1966), but larger than those of H. taiyuanensis (15 – 18.9 × 11.3 – 13.4 µm) (Liu 1985). The stipe of H. koreana is cream to white and glabrous, becoming concolorous with the receptacle surface toward the apex and bearing scattered tufts. In contrast, H. solitaria has a whitish to grayish-white stipe, and H. taiyuanensis is white to cream, both showing uniform coloration from base to apex, with H. taiyuanensis bearing a single rounded longitudinal ridge (Wang et al. 2019).	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB75096C18ADFF2593ED3CA8.taxon	description	MycoBank: MB # 849619 Apothecia stipitate-captitate. Cap 0.6 – 1.6 cm high, 0.6 – 2.0 cm broad, saddle-shaped, bilobate, occasionally irregularly lobed, margin deflexed to even. Hymenium beige to brown, glabrous, smooth, becoming brown when dry. Receptacle surface grayish white to white. Stipe 1 – 3 cm high, 0.3 – 0.6 cm broad, white to yellowish white, terete. Ectal excipulum 40 – 80 µm broad, of textura angularis, 21 – 42 × 14.2 – 24.5 µm, occasionally with large globose cells in the inner layer. Outermost cells 20.2 – 44 × 10.4 – 17.7 µm, elongate club-shaped. Medullary excipulum 130 – 180 µm broad, of interwoven textura intricata, hyphae 3 – 4.7 µm. Asci (256.6 –) 268.6 – 274.8 (– 297.1) × (14.1 –) 16.9 – 17.7 (– 22.1) µm, pleurohynchous, subcylindrical, eight – spored. Ascospores [30 / 1 / 1 in H 2 O] (17.4 –) 19.4 – 20.8 (– 22.9) × (12.2 –) 12.6 – 13.2 (– 14.4) µm, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, [Q (1.3 –) 1.51 – 1.61 (– 1.79), Qav 1.56 ± 0.12]. Paraphyses 2.6 – 4.7 µm, filiform, septate, pale brown. Apex of paraphyses 6.2 – 7.6 µm.	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB75096C18ADFF2593ED3CA8.taxon	distribution	Habitat and known distribution: Solitary on mossy ground in mixed forests.	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB75096C18ADFF2593ED3CA8.taxon	materials_examined	Specimen examined: SOUTH KOREA, Gangwon-do, Taebaek-si, Hwangji-dong 25 - 2, elev. 688 m, 22 July 2023, S. Y. Park, KH 056 (KA 24 - 1347). SOUTH KOREA, Gangwon-do, Taebaek-si, Hwangji-dong 25 - 2, elev. 688 m, 23 July 2024, S. Y. Park, KH 090 (KA 25 - 0482).	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
AC44C14FCB75096C18ADFF2593ED3CA8.taxon	discussion	Notes: Specimen KA 24 - 1347 was collected in 2023, and KA 25 - 0482 was collected from the same locality in 2024. The collection site was a well-lit mixed forest park located in a high-altitude area, where the specimens were found scattered on moss under trees. Both specimens shared common morphological characteristics, including small, compressed apothecia (Fig. 4 A – D) and the occasional presence of large, globose cells in the ectal excipulum (Fig. 4 E, H). Notably, KA 25 - 0482 exhibited no development of asci in any of the apothecia, even in mature specimens, and no developing asci were observed.	en	Park, Sang-Young, Kim, Sohee, Park, Eunsu, Kwag, Young-Nam, Eo, Ju-Kyeong, Lee, Hwayong (2025): Two new species and a new record of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) from South Korea. Phytotaxa 732 (2): 147-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.732.2.3
