identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
4607C692AEC7595D8D0109B84A430D50.text	4607C692AEC7595D8D0109B84A430D50.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laurinque Breedy, McFadden, Murillo-Cruz & Quattrini 2026	<div><p>Genus Laurinque Breedy, McFadden, Murillo-Cruz &amp; Quattrini gen. nov.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Laurinque elenya sp. nov. by monotypy.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Las Gemelas II, Isla del Coco, Costa Rica.</p><p>Generic diagnosis as for the family.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Laurinquë: neuter n. (Q) meaning golden tree in the Elvish language, Quenya (The Lord of the Rings, Tolkien 1955) in allusion to the bright yellow tree-like colonies. The golden octocoral gardens on fields of brittle stars evoke the mystic world of elves, where they spoke Quenya their ancient tongue (The Lord of the Rings, Tolkien 1955; The Silmarillion, Tolkien 1977).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4607C692AEC7595D8D0109B84A430D50	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Breedy, Odalisca;McFadden, Catherine S.;Murillo-Cruz, Catalina;Yánez-Suárez, Ana-Belén;Robert, Katleen;Quattrini, Andrea M.	Breedy, Odalisca, McFadden, Catherine S., Murillo-Cruz, Catalina, Yánez-Suárez, Ana-Belén, Robert, Katleen, Quattrini, Andrea M. (2026): A coral among stars: A new octocoral family (Anthozoa, Octocorallia, Malacalcyonacea) from seamounts in the tropical eastern Pacific. ZooKeys 1283: 253-272, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1283.191899
B977A774E3C554CD8D2477D0E33B2899.text	B977A774E3C554CD8D2477D0E33B2899.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laurinque elenya Breedy, McFadden, Murillo-Cruz, Yanez-Suarez, Robert & Quattrini 2026	<div><p>Laurinque elenya Breedy, McFadden, Murillo-Cruz, Yánez-Suárez, Robert &amp; Quattrini sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2, 3, 4, 5, 6</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Las Gemelas II, Isla del Coco, Costa Rica.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. Costa Rica • one specimen, ethanol / dry preserved; off Isla del Coco, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.65116&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.071715" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.65116/lat 5.071715)">Las Gemelas II</a>; 5.071715, -87.65116; 362.53 m depth; 16 Oct. 2023; R/V Falkor (too), ROV SuBastian, S 0601; MZUCR 3884, FKt 230918-693 . Paratypes. Costa Rica • (one specimen, ethanol preserved); off Isla del Coco, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.65332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.071503" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.65332/lat 5.071503)">Las Gemelas II</a>; 5.071503, -87.65332; 412.18 m depth; 16 Oct. 2023; R/V Falkor (too), ROV SuBastian, S 0601; MZUCR 4022, FKt 230918–786 • (one specimen, ethanol preserved); off Isla del Coco, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.448105&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.994402" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.448105/lat 4.994402)">Las Gemelas I</a>; 4.994402, -87.448105; 404.77 m in depth; 15 Oct. 2023; R/V Falkor (too), ROV SuBastian, S 0600; MZUCR 4080, FKt 230918–665 • (one specimen, ethanol preserved); off Isla del Coco, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.446945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.992902" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.446945/lat 4.992902)">Las Gemelas I</a>; 4.992902, -87.446944; 359.87 m depth; 15 Oct. 2023; R/V Falkor (too), ROV SuBastian, S 0600; MZUCR 3892, FKt 230918–685 • (one specimen, ethanol preserved); off Isla del Coco, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.44812&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.994389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.44812/lat 4.994389)">Las Gemelas I</a>; 4.994389, -87.448117; 404.77 m depth; 22 Jan. 2019; R/V Falkor (too), ROV SuBastian, S 0600; MZUCR 3886, FKt 230918–653 • (one specimen, ethanol preserved); Eastern Pacific Ocean, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-85.91156&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.679967" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -85.91156/lat 7.679967)">Seamount 6</a>; 7.679967, -85.911561; 529 m depth; R/V Falkor, ROV SuBastian, S 0227; MZUCR 3088, FK 190106 S 0227 - Q 2 .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Colony. The holotype is a large irregular-flabellate colony, up to 50 cm tall and 60 cm wide (Fig. 2 A, D); the specimen was preserved dry, and a fragment was preserved in ethanol. Branching throughout the colony is irregularly lateral, dense, approximately in one plane, and occasionally anastomosing (Fig. 2 A, B, D). The stem is ~ 3 cm long and 1.5 cm in diameter, and slightly flattened (Fig. 2 A, C, D). It arises from an extended holdfast and produces several main branches, 0.6–1.0 cm in diameter. The branches bifurcate 20–30 times, producing branchlets 0.5–6.0 cm apart and 0.1–0.6 cm in diameter (Fig. 2 A, B, D). Free ends are up to 6 cm long, 0.10–0.15 mm in diameter. The axis is proteinaceous, dark brown with concentric layers of gorgonin and a hollow cross-chambered core. The stem and holdfast are covered by elongated tubular polyps (Fig. 2 C); the holdfast extends on the substrate under brittle stars. The holdfast of the collected colony is ~ 5 cm in diameter. The coenenchyme is thin, with parallel furrows on the main axis and branches which extend all along the colony (Fig. 6 C); furrows are more evident on the dry fragment of the holotype. When the colony is preserved, dry or in ethanol, the coenenchyme easily detaches from the axis.</p><p>Polyps. The polyps are monomorphic, long, tubular, the neck zone without sclerites (Figs 3 A, 3 B, 4 A, 4 C); they can reach up to 5 mm long (Fig. 2 B, C). The colony appears fuzzy due to the densely packed, expanded polyps, especially observed at the lower part of the stem and holdfast (Fig. 2 A – D). Polyps are arranged in longitudinal rows on the stem and thicker branches, and all around the thin branches and branchlets. They are closely set and partially retract into short cylindrical or dome-shaped mounds, 0.5–1.0 mm tall and 1.0– 1.5 mm in diameter (Fig. 3 A, B). Polyps at the ends of branches are often in clusters of four or five polyps (Figs 2 B, 3 A, 3 B). When alive, the long neck zone of the anthocodia is translucent, while the upper part and tentacles are of a bright yellow color (Figs 2 B, 2 C, 3 A, 3 B, 6 A). When preserved in ethanol or dry, the color vanishes (Fig. 3 A, B).</p><p>Sclerites. Polyp sclerites are arranged as collaret and points (Fig. 4 A, C, D). Points of long curved, straight spindles with short spines, and irregular spindles with short tubercles, 0.2–0.5 mm long and 0.02–0.04 mm wide (Figs 4 C, 4 D, 5 A), arranged en chevron (Figs 3 A, 3 B, 4 A, 4 C, 4 D); collaret is inconspicuous, composed of a few shorter, irregular spindles and rods found at the base of the points (Figs 3 A, 3 B, 4 A, 4 C, 4 D, 5 A, 5 B). Tentacular and pharyngeal sclerites are flattened rods, slightly curved, with small warts and lobed or serrated irregular borders, 0.05–0.30 mm long and 0.02–0.03 mm wide (Fig. 5 B). Coenenchyme includes various types of spindles (Fig. 4 B): irregular, warty, tuberculate, 0.1–0.3 mm long and 0.03–0.08 mm wide (Fig. 5 C), and shorter, straight or slightly curved, irregular warty spindles, 0.10–0.25 mm long and 0.02–0.035 mm wide (Fig. 5 D). The same type of coenenchymal sclerites are arranged en chevron at the opercular rim of the polyp mounds (Fig. 4 A). The axial sheath includes radiates and crosses, 0.06–0.10 mm and 0.04–0.06 mm, respectively (Fig. 5 E). The coenenchyme is very thin, making the difference between the sclerites of the axial sheath and external coenenchyme difficult to determine.</p><p>Color. The colony is bright yellow when alive (Fig. 2 A – D), and of darker hue when preserved (Fig. 3 A, B). The dry fragment of the holotype is dark brown. Sclerites are pale yellow. The preserved specimen dyed the ethanol brownish.</p><p>Variations. The paratypes consist of a small colony with a single branch, 4 cm long (MZUCR 3892) attached to a rock; a complete colony 25 cm long, 11 cm wide (MZUCR 3088); and small fragments (MZUCR 4080, 4022) from larger colonies (Fig. 7 B; paratype MZUCR 4022). All the paratypes are consistent in sclerite types with some variation in size, and colony morphology. The colonies observed at Las Gemelas I, II were larger and more frondose than the ones from Seamount 6. Eggs were found in the specimens collected in Las Gemelas II.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Large colonies of L. elenya gen. et sp. nov. were found forming extensive gardens on rocky substrate densely inhabited by brittle stars, Ophiacantha sp. in the family Ophiacanthidae, which completely covered the surface in Las Gemelas II (Fig. 7). The stems and holdfasts of the colonies were mostly buried beneath the mat of brittle stars (Figs 2 C, 7). A similar substrate was documented in Las Gemelas I, although the colonies were more sparsely distributed along the sampled area. The depth range of the species lies within the extremely low oxygen zone (0.5–3.0 μmol kg - 1 or 0.01–0.067 mL L - 1), with water temperatures of 8.12–10.8 ° C and salinity of 34.6–34.7 ppt. The species was also found scattered across Seamount 6, but we did not find gardens in this location.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Elenya: neuter adj. (Q) stellar, constellation, in allusion to the field of stars where the species was found.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Seamounts in the Eastern Tropical Pacific of Costa Rica (Fig. 1). The species was found at 362–412 m in depth at Las Gemelas I, II, and 529 m at Seamount 6, representing the deepest record so far.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Laurinque elenya gen. et sp. nov. was also observed in Panamá and the Galápagos Islands (OB, pers. obs.), but this occurrence needs to be corroborated.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B977A774E3C554CD8D2477D0E33B2899	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Breedy, Odalisca;McFadden, Catherine S.;Murillo-Cruz, Catalina;Yánez-Suárez, Ana-Belén;Robert, Katleen;Quattrini, Andrea M.	Breedy, Odalisca, McFadden, Catherine S., Murillo-Cruz, Catalina, Yánez-Suárez, Ana-Belén, Robert, Katleen, Quattrini, Andrea M. (2026): A coral among stars: A new octocoral family (Anthozoa, Octocorallia, Malacalcyonacea) from seamounts in the tropical eastern Pacific. ZooKeys 1283: 253-272, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1283.191899
1443D733F0A257AB8D8AFAF7764D52C5.text	1443D733F0A257AB8D8AFAF7764D52C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laurinqueidae Breedy, McFadden, Murillo-Cruz & Quattrini 2026	<div><p>Family Laurinqueidae Breedy, McFadden, Murillo-Cruz &amp; Quattrini fam. nov.</p><p>Type genus.</p><p>Laurinque gen. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Octocorals with a proteinaceous axis. Axis dark brown with a hollow, cross-chambered core surrounded by concentric layers of gorgonin; coenenchyme thin. Colonies erect, large, irregular-flabellate, reaching more than 1 m tall and 1.2 m wide. Branching throughout the colony irregularly lateral, dense, and occasionally anastomosing. Longitudinal furrows present along stem and branches. Polyps monomorphic, tubular and conspicuously elongated, especially at the base of the colony. Polyps partially retractile into the coenenchyme, producing short cylindrical or dome-shaped mounds arranged all around the branches and closely placed. Polyp sclerites are tuberculate rods and spindles arranged as points; collaret inconspicuous; tentacles and pharynx with rods. Sclerites of coenenchyme are rods and spindles with simple or complex tubercles; axial sheath with rods and radiates. Colonies bright yellow when alive, brownish when preserved or dry. Sclerites pale yellow. Azooxanthellate.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1443D733F0A257AB8D8AFAF7764D52C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Breedy, Odalisca;McFadden, Catherine S.;Murillo-Cruz, Catalina;Yánez-Suárez, Ana-Belén;Robert, Katleen;Quattrini, Andrea M.	Breedy, Odalisca, McFadden, Catherine S., Murillo-Cruz, Catalina, Yánez-Suárez, Ana-Belén, Robert, Katleen, Quattrini, Andrea M. (2026): A coral among stars: A new octocoral family (Anthozoa, Octocorallia, Malacalcyonacea) from seamounts in the tropical eastern Pacific. ZooKeys 1283: 253-272, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1283.191899
