taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
056222111D7F5EFB8DA749BAFE7BEDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537231	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure13	Figure 13. Head scalation photographs and drawings of Oligodon bivirgatus. A, B. Specimen QHU R 2024049 (adult male, from Diaoluoshan, Hainan); C. SYNU 1907027 (holotype, adult female, from Shangxi Nature Reserve, Hainan). Notes: PF, prefrontal; I, internasal; IL, infralabials; SL, supralabials; TEM, temporals; TEM-L, temporolabial. Photographs and drawings by Y. H. Xu (A, B) and reproduced from Qian et al. (2021) (C).	Figure 13. Head scalation photographs and drawings of Oligodon bivirgatus. A, B. Specimen QHU R 2024049 (adult male, from Diaoluoshan, Hainan); C. SYNU 1907027 (holotype, adult female, from Shangxi Nature Reserve, Hainan). Notes: PF, prefrontal; I, internasal; IL, infralabials; SL, supralabials; TEM, temporals; TEM-L, temporolabial. Photographs and drawings by Y. H. Xu (A, B) and reproduced from Qian et al. (2021) (C).	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
056222111D7F5EFB8DA749BAFE7BEDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537232	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure14	Figure 14. Coloration of the typical morph of Oligodon bivirgatus in life (uncollected adult male, iNaturalist 298113949). A. Dorsolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view of the head; D. Lateral view of the head; E. Ventral view of the head. Photographs by B. W. Genter.	Figure 14. Coloration of the typical morph of Oligodon bivirgatus in life (uncollected adult male, iNaturalist 298113949). A. Dorsolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view of the head; D. Lateral view of the head; E. Ventral view of the head. Photographs by B. W. Genter.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
056222111D7F5EFB8DA749BAFE7BEDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537233	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure15	Figure 15. Coloration of the new morph of Oligodon bivirgatus in life (QHU R 2024049, adult male). Photographs by C. X. Liao and Y. H. Xu.	Figure 15. Coloration of the new morph of Oligodon bivirgatus in life (QHU R 2024049, adult male). Photographs by C. X. Liao and Y. H. Xu.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
056222111D7F5EFB8DA749BAFE7BEDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537234	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure16	Figure 16. Preserved specimens of Oligodon bivirgatus. A. Holotype SYNU 1907027, adult female; B. Paratype SYNU 1808001, adult female; C. QHU R 2024049, adult male representing the new color morph. Photographs reproduced from Qian et al. (2021) (A, B) and by Y. H. Xu (C)	Figure 16. Preserved specimens of Oligodon bivirgatus. A. Holotype SYNU 1907027, adult female; B. Paratype SYNU 1808001, adult female; C. QHU R 2024049, adult male representing the new color morph. Photographs reproduced from Qian et al. (2021) (A, B) and by Y. H. Xu (C)	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
056222111D7F5EFB8DA749BAFE7BEDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537235	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure17	Figure 17. Sulcus side (left), asulcate side (middle), and apical side (right) of the hemipenis of Oligodon bivirgatus (QHU R 2024049, adult male). Photographs by J. J. Huang and J. L. Ren. Scale bar: 5 mm.	Figure 17. Sulcus side (left), asulcate side (middle), and apical side (right) of the hemipenis of Oligodon bivirgatus (QHU R 2024049, adult male). Photographs by J. J. Huang and J. L. Ren. Scale bar: 5 mm.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
056222111D7F5EFB8DA749BAFE7BEDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537236	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure18	Figure 18. Habitat of Oligodon bivirgatus in Diaoluoshan, Lingshui Li Autonomous County, Hainan Province, China. Photograph by C. X. Liao.	Figure 18. Habitat of Oligodon bivirgatus in Diaoluoshan, Lingshui Li Autonomous County, Hainan Province, China. Photograph by C. X. Liao.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
056222111D7F5EFB8DA749BAFE7BEDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537219	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure1	Figure 1. Map of eastern Asia showing the distribution of O. bivirgatus, O. lungshenensis, and O. ornatus based on voucher specimens, literature records, and electronic records (Suppl. material 1: table SS 1). Numbered stars represent type localities of species and junior synonyms.	Figure 1. Map of eastern Asia showing the distribution of O. bivirgatus, O. lungshenensis, and O. ornatus based on voucher specimens, literature records, and electronic records (Suppl. material 1: table SS 1). Numbered stars represent type localities of species and junior synonyms.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
1904650AFE205C2C9A55CF06F5E0461F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537227	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure9	Figure 9. Head scalation of Oligodon lungshenensis. A 1 – C 1. Dorsal view; A 2 – C 2. Lateral view; A 3 – C 3. Ventral view. A. QHU R 2024050, adult male, from Guilin, Guangxi, China; B. SYS r 001529, adult male, from Hezhou, Guangxi, China; C. CIB F. 201109039, adult male, from Leigongshan, Guizhou, China. Photographs by Y. H. Xu.	Figure 9. Head scalation of Oligodon lungshenensis. A 1 – C 1. Dorsal view; A 2 – C 2. Lateral view; A 3 – C 3. Ventral view. A. QHU R 2024050, adult male, from Guilin, Guangxi, China; B. SYS r 001529, adult male, from Hezhou, Guangxi, China; C. CIB F. 201109039, adult male, from Leigongshan, Guizhou, China. Photographs by Y. H. Xu.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
1904650AFE205C2C9A55CF06F5E0461F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537228	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure10	Figure 10. Oligodon lungshenensis in life (QHU R 2024050, adult male, from Guilin, Guangxi, China). A. Dorsolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view of the head; D. Lateral view of the head; E. Ventral view of the head. Photographs by Y. H. Xu.	Figure 10. Oligodon lungshenensis in life (QHU R 2024050, adult male, from Guilin, Guangxi, China). A. Dorsolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view of the head; D. Lateral view of the head; E. Ventral view of the head. Photographs by Y. H. Xu.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
1904650AFE205C2C9A55CF06F5E0461F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537229	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure11	Figure 11. Preserved specimens of Oligodon lungshenensis. A. QHU R 2024050, adult male, from Guilin, Guangxi, China; B. SYS r 001529, adult male, from Hezhou, Guangxi, China; C. CIB F. 201109039, adult male, from Leigongshan, Guizhou, China. Photographs by Y. H. Xu.	Figure 11. Preserved specimens of Oligodon lungshenensis. A. QHU R 2024050, adult male, from Guilin, Guangxi, China; B. SYS r 001529, adult male, from Hezhou, Guangxi, China; C. CIB F. 201109039, adult male, from Leigongshan, Guizhou, China. Photographs by Y. H. Xu.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
1904650AFE205C2C9A55CF06F5E0461F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537230	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure12	Figure 12. Sulcus side (left), asulcate side (middle), and apical side (right) of the hemipenis of Oligodon lungshenensis (QHU R 2024050, adult male). Photographs by Y. H. Xu. Scale bar: 5 mm.	Figure 12. Sulcus side (left), asulcate side (middle), and apical side (right) of the hemipenis of Oligodon lungshenensis (QHU R 2024050, adult male). Photographs by Y. H. Xu. Scale bar: 5 mm.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
1904650AFE205C2C9A55CF06F5E0461F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537219	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure1	Figure 1. Map of eastern Asia showing the distribution of O. bivirgatus, O. lungshenensis, and O. ornatus based on voucher specimens, literature records, and electronic records (Suppl. material 1: table SS 1). Numbered stars represent type localities of species and junior synonyms.	Figure 1. Map of eastern Asia showing the distribution of O. bivirgatus, O. lungshenensis, and O. ornatus based on voucher specimens, literature records, and electronic records (Suppl. material 1: table SS 1). Numbered stars represent type localities of species and junior synonyms.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
7A328DD2006652EABB99333797736DE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537223	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure5	Figure 5. Head scalation of Oligodon ornatus. A 1 – C 1. Dorsal view; A 2 – C 2. Lateral view; A 3 – C 3. Ventral view. A. UMMZ 182640, adult male, from Nantou, Taiwan, China; B. CIB 78058, adult male, from Wuyishan, Fujian, China; C. CIB - CAS 102876, adult male, from Yizhang, Hunan, China. Photographs by J. L. Lee (A) and Y. H. Xu (B, C).	Figure 5. Head scalation of Oligodon ornatus. A 1 – C 1. Dorsal view; A 2 – C 2. Lateral view; A 3 – C 3. Ventral view. A. UMMZ 182640, adult male, from Nantou, Taiwan, China; B. CIB 78058, adult male, from Wuyishan, Fujian, China; C. CIB - CAS 102876, adult male, from Yizhang, Hunan, China. Photographs by J. L. Lee (A) and Y. H. Xu (B, C).	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
7A328DD2006652EABB99333797736DE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537224	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure6	Figure 6. Oligodon ornatus in life (unvouchered adult male from Wuyishan, Fujian, China). A. Dorsolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view of the head; D. Lateral view of the head; E. Ventral view of the head. Photographs by B. Q. Zhu.	Figure 6. Oligodon ornatus in life (unvouchered adult male from Wuyishan, Fujian, China). A. Dorsolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view of the head; D. Lateral view of the head; E. Ventral view of the head. Photographs by B. Q. Zhu.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
7A328DD2006652EABB99333797736DE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537225	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure7	Figure 7. Preserved specimens of Oligodon ornatus. A. UMMZ 182640, adult male, from Nantou, Taiwan, China; B. CIB 78058, adult male, from Wuyishan, Fujian, China; C. CIB - CAS 102876, adult male, from Yizhang, Hunan, China. Photographs by J. L. Lee (A) and Y. H. Xu (B, C).	Figure 7. Preserved specimens of Oligodon ornatus. A. UMMZ 182640, adult male, from Nantou, Taiwan, China; B. CIB 78058, adult male, from Wuyishan, Fujian, China; C. CIB - CAS 102876, adult male, from Yizhang, Hunan, China. Photographs by J. L. Lee (A) and Y. H. Xu (B, C).	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
7A328DD2006652EABB99333797736DE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537226	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure8	Figure 8. Sulcus side (left), asulcate side (middle), and apical side (right) of the hemipenis of Oligodon ornatus (QHU R 2024047, adult male). Photographs by Y. H. Xu. Scale bar: 5 mm.	Figure 8. Sulcus side (left), asulcate side (middle), and apical side (right) of the hemipenis of Oligodon ornatus (QHU R 2024047, adult male). Photographs by Y. H. Xu. Scale bar: 5 mm.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
7A328DD2006652EABB99333797736DE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1537219	https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.102.183157.figure1	Figure 1. Map of eastern Asia showing the distribution of O. bivirgatus, O. lungshenensis, and O. ornatus based on voucher specimens, literature records, and electronic records (Suppl. material 1: table SS 1). Numbered stars represent type localities of species and junior synonyms.	Figure 1. Map of eastern Asia showing the distribution of O. bivirgatus, O. lungshenensis, and O. ornatus based on voucher specimens, literature records, and electronic records (Suppl. material 1: table SS 1). Numbered stars represent type localities of species and junior synonyms.	2026-02-11	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang		Zenodo	biologists	Xu, Yuhao;Zhang, Tierui;Genter, Benjamin W.;Cai, Bo;Qi, Shuo;Ma, Shun;Sun, Fanyue;Liao, Chenxi;Poyarkov, Nikolay A.;Vogel, Gernot;Lee, Justin L.;Peng, Lifang			
