identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
AE073B28FFD76257FD11F9D0604CFA6E.text	AE073B28FFD76257FD11F9D0604CFA6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ametastegia luridiventer Takeuchi 1952	<div><p>Ametastegia luridiventer Takeuchi, 1952</p><p>(Fig. 1A–F)</p><p>Materials examined. JAPAN: HONSHU— Tokyo Met.: 1 female, Hachioji-shi, Uratakaomachi, Kogesawa, 31. VIII. 2019 , Y. Kato; 1 female, same data as above, except for 7. IX; 1 female, same data as above, except for 2. V. 2021; 1 female, same data as above, except for 23. IX; 1 female, Hachioji-shi, Uratakaomachi, Oshimo, oviposited on Fallopia japonica var. japonica in field and captivity, YK20200912A, 12. IX. 2020 , Y. Kato; 1 final instar larva (in ethanol), offspring of YK20200912A, hatched 17. IX, fixed 5. X, Host: Fallopia japonica var. japonica; 1 final feeding instar larva (in ethanol), same data as above, except for fixed 6. X; 1 male, same data as above, except for hatched 17–18. IX, mat. 5. X., emerged 1–20. XII. 2020 .</p><p>Larva. ɹ Early instar (Fig. 1B): Length about 2 mm; head brown to dark brown, with ocularium and stemmatum black; trunk translucent white. Middle instar (Fig. 1C): Length 5–10 mm; head bluish gray dorsally and whitish gray ventrally, with ocularium and stemmatum black; trunk translucent white, abdominal segment each with pair of obscure black spots on supraspiracular zone. Final feeding instar (Fig. 1D, E): Length about 14 mm; color similar to middle instar, but obscure black spots on supraspiracular zone distinct and with large black spot on abdominal tergum 10. Final instar (= mature larva) (Fig. 1F): Length about 14 mm; similar to final feeding instar, but ground color dark greenish gray dorsally, dark creamy white ventrally. Trunk covered with thin layer of white wax in all feeding instars.</p><p>Host plant. ɹ Polygonaceae: Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr. var. japonica (new record).</p><p>Observations and rearing records. ɹ On September 12, 2020 , I observed a female ovipositing on a leaf of Fallopia japonica in Oshimo, Uratakaomachi, Hachioji City, Tokyo Metropolis, Honshu, Japan. After observing oviposition, I collected this female and kept it alive in a container with the same live plant species, and it laid 10 or more eggs on the same plant from September 12 to 13. The eggs were individually inserted in the tissue of the leaf from the upper surface (Fig. 1A). All eggs hatched between September 17 and 18. The larva always stayed on the undersurface of the leaf, with the coiling resting position (Fig. 1E). Three larvae reached the final feeding instar from October 1 to 2 and the others died. One of them was fixed in ethanol on October 6. The remaining larvae executed extra molts and matured from October 5 to 6. They entered the decaying wood, not the soil. A male adult emerged on December 15 to 20, 2020 .</p><p>Life history. ɹ Adults were collected in early May and late August to late September in Hachioji City, Tokyo, Japan (see collection data above) . According to my rearing records, one larva that hatched in mid-September matured in early October and became an adult in the same year. Therefore, this species is probably multivoltine in Honshu, Japan .</p><p>Remarks. ɹ The larva and host plant are recorded here for the first time. Among the Japanese congeners, the larva of Ametastegia polygoni Takeuchi, 1929 is also known to feed on Fallopia japonica (Hara et al., 2022) . The final feeding instar larva of A. luridiventer is easily distinguished from that of A. polygoni by the each abdominal segment with a pair of distinct black spots on the supraspiracular zone (no black spots on the trunk in A. polygoni, fig. 3C, D in Hara et al., 2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE073B28FFD76257FD11F9D0604CFA6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos-Lozano, Alejandro;Plaza-Florido, Abel;Carrera-Bastos, Pedro;Pérez-Prieto, Inmaculada;Hernández-Belmonte, Alejandro;Kamalinejad, Fatemeh;Gálvez, Beatriz G;López, Juan A;Lumbreras, Jorge;Rincón-Castanedo, Cecilia;Martín-Ruiz, Asunción;Fleck, Steven J;López-Soto, Alejandro;Yanguas-Casás, Natalia;Pinós, Tomàs;Lucia, Alejandro;Fiuza-Luces, Carmen	Santos-Lozano, Alejandro, Plaza-Florido, Abel, Carrera-Bastos, Pedro, Pérez-Prieto, Inmaculada, Hernández-Belmonte, Alejandro, Kamalinejad, Fatemeh, Gálvez, Beatriz G, López, Juan A, Lumbreras, Jorge, Rincón-Castanedo, Cecilia, Martín-Ruiz, Asunción, Fleck, Steven J, López-Soto, Alejandro, Yanguas-Casás, Natalia, Pinós, Tomàs, Lucia, Alejandro, Fiuza-Luces, Carmen (2025): Discovery of Host Plants and Larvae of Three Species of Tenthredinidae (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) in Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 51 (2): 57-62, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.51.2_57, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003836
AE073B28FFD56256FF3FF9C36363FF4E.text	AE073B28FFD56256FF3FF9C36363FF4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutomostethus togashii Seiyama 1981	<div><p>Eutomostethus togashii Seiyama, 1981</p><p>(Fig. 1G–K)</p><p>Material examined. ɹ JAPAN: HONSHU— Saitama Pref.: 1 female, Koshigaya-shi, Sagamicho, Motoarakawa River (oviposited on Carex sp. in field and captivity), 21. IV. 2023, Y. Kato .</p><p>Larva. ɹ Early instar (Fig. 1H): Length about 2 mm; head dark brown, with ocularium and stemmatum black; trunk translucent white. Middle instar (Fig. 1I): Length 3–8 mm; head pale brown, with ocularium, stemmatum and small spot on posterior end of vertex black; trunk translucent white to yellowish white. Final feeding instar (Fig. 1J): Length about 10 mm; color similar to middle instar, but dorsal half of trunk pale gray, with supraspiracular region dark gray. Final instar (= mature larva) (Fig. 1K): Head white to light brown; trunk translucent white to yellowish white, cuticle smooth and shiny.</p><p>Host plant. ɹ Cyperaceae: Carex sp. (new record).</p><p>Observations and rearing records. ɹ On April 21, 2021, I observed a female ovipositing on a leaf of Carex sp. in the riverbed of the Motoarakawa River, Koshigaya City, Saitama Prefecture, Honshu, Japan. After observing oviposition, I collected this female and kept it alive in a container with the same live plant species, and it laid 11 eggs on the same plant between April 21 and 23. The eggs were individually inserted in the tissue of the leaf from the lower surface (Fig. 1G). All eggs hatched between May 2 and 4. The hatched larvae solitarily fed on the leaf edge. One larva executed an extra molt and matured on May 27. It entered the soil on the same day. The other 10 larvae died before maturity. No adult emerged .</p><p>Life history. ɹ Naito (2020) noted that E. togashii was a univoltine species and the adults occur in spring to summer, but he did not present any evidence. On the other hand, in the quantitative survey conducted at the Imperial Palace, the lowland of Tokyo, Honshu, Japan (Shinohara, 2000, 2014), adults were collected from mid- April to early June and from late August to early September, possibly suggesting a multivoltine life cycle.</p><p>Remarks. ɹ The larva and host plant are recorded here for the first time. The Japanese congener, Eutomostethus pumicosus Seiyama, 1981 is also known to feed on Carex sp. (Seiyama, 1981), but the larva of this species is still undescribed. Therefore, the larvae of the two species cannot be distinguished at this time.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE073B28FFD56256FF3FF9C36363FF4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos-Lozano, Alejandro;Plaza-Florido, Abel;Carrera-Bastos, Pedro;Pérez-Prieto, Inmaculada;Hernández-Belmonte, Alejandro;Kamalinejad, Fatemeh;Gálvez, Beatriz G;López, Juan A;Lumbreras, Jorge;Rincón-Castanedo, Cecilia;Martín-Ruiz, Asunción;Fleck, Steven J;López-Soto, Alejandro;Yanguas-Casás, Natalia;Pinós, Tomàs;Lucia, Alejandro;Fiuza-Luces, Carmen	Santos-Lozano, Alejandro, Plaza-Florido, Abel, Carrera-Bastos, Pedro, Pérez-Prieto, Inmaculada, Hernández-Belmonte, Alejandro, Kamalinejad, Fatemeh, Gálvez, Beatriz G, López, Juan A, Lumbreras, Jorge, Rincón-Castanedo, Cecilia, Martín-Ruiz, Asunción, Fleck, Steven J, López-Soto, Alejandro, Yanguas-Casás, Natalia, Pinós, Tomàs, Lucia, Alejandro, Fiuza-Luces, Carmen (2025): Discovery of Host Plants and Larvae of Three Species of Tenthredinidae (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) in Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 51 (2): 57-62, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.51.2_57, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003836
AE073B28FFD46251FF5BFEE3623DFEF6.text	AE073B28FFD46251FF5BFEE3623DFEF6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tenthredo adusta subsp. adusta Motschulsky 1866	<div><p>Tenthredo adusta adusta Motschulsky, 1866</p><p>(Fig. 2A–H)</p><p>Materials examined. ɹ JAPAN: HONSHU— Kanagawa Pref.: 2 females, Yugawara-machi, Yoshihama, Mt. Makuyama, ca 600 m alt., 29. V . 2021, Y. Kato; 1 female, same data as above, except for oviposited on Angelica pubescens in field and captivity, YK20210529A; 3 final feeding instar larvae (in ethanol), offspring of YK20210529A, hatched 4–6. VI , fixed 19. VI; 1 final instar larva (in ethanol), same data as above, except for fixed 20. VI .</p><p>Larva. ɹ Early instar (Fig. 2B, C): Length 6–7 mm; head brownish orange, with ocularium and stemmatum black; trunk translucent opaque white. Middle instar (Fig. 2D, G): Length 10–23 mm; head orange, with ocularium and stemmatum black; antenna dark brown; mandible pale orange, becoming black apically; trunk white to light gray. Final feeding instar (Fig. 2E, H): Length 26–32 mm; color similar to middle instar, but trunk gray to dark gray dorsally, light gray ventrally, with pale brown arrowhead-like dorsal stripe on each segment. Final instar (= mature larva) (Fig. 2F): Length about 26 mm; head orange with dark brownish fleck on anterodorsally; trunk clear orange with dark brown arrowhead-like dorsal stripe on each segments. Trunk covered with thin layer of white wax in all feeding instars.</p><p>Host plant. ɹ Apiaceae: Angelica pubescens Maxim. (new record).</p><p>Observations and rearing records. ɹ On May 29, 2021, I observed a female ovipositing on a leaf of Angelica pubescens in Yoshihama, Yugawaramachi, Kanagawa Prefecture, Honshu, Japan. After observing oviposition, I collected this female and kept it alive in a container with the same live plant species, and it laid 24 eggs on three leaves under the rearing conditions from May 29 to 30. The eggs were individually inserted in the tissue of the leaf from the upper surface (Fig. 2A). All the eggs hatched between June 4 and 6, and the hatched larvae came out from the undersurface of the leaf (Fig. 2B). The early to middle instar larvae fed on the leaf areas close to the edge and bored holes from the upper surface (Fig. 2G). The late instar larvae fed on the leaves from the edges (Fig. 2H). The larvae were always solitary. All larvae reached the final feeding instar from June 13 to 16 and three of them were fixed in ethanol on June 19. The remaining larvae executed extra molts and matured from June 20 to 22. One of them was fixed in ethanol on June 20 and the others went into the soil but died .</p><p>Life history. ɹ According to the collection data listed above and the literature (Naito et al., 2004), adults were collected only from late May to June in the mountainous areas of Honshu, Japan. Therefore, this species is probably univoltine as in other Tenthredo species (e.g., Shinohara and Ibuki, 2019; Shinohara et al., 2019).</p><p>Remarks. ɹ This is the third record of Angelica as a host plant of Japanese Tenthredo . Other two species of Tenthredo associated with Angelica in Japan are Tenthredo fagi Panzer, 1798 and T. providens Smith, 1874 (Okutani, 1967). The larvae of T. fagi and T. providens may be distinguished from that of T. adusta adusta by the presence of dark colored area on the vertex in the feeding instars (Lorenz and Kraus, 1957; Okutani, 1959).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE073B28FFD46251FF5BFEE3623DFEF6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos-Lozano, Alejandro;Plaza-Florido, Abel;Carrera-Bastos, Pedro;Pérez-Prieto, Inmaculada;Hernández-Belmonte, Alejandro;Kamalinejad, Fatemeh;Gálvez, Beatriz G;López, Juan A;Lumbreras, Jorge;Rincón-Castanedo, Cecilia;Martín-Ruiz, Asunción;Fleck, Steven J;López-Soto, Alejandro;Yanguas-Casás, Natalia;Pinós, Tomàs;Lucia, Alejandro;Fiuza-Luces, Carmen	Santos-Lozano, Alejandro, Plaza-Florido, Abel, Carrera-Bastos, Pedro, Pérez-Prieto, Inmaculada, Hernández-Belmonte, Alejandro, Kamalinejad, Fatemeh, Gálvez, Beatriz G, López, Juan A, Lumbreras, Jorge, Rincón-Castanedo, Cecilia, Martín-Ruiz, Asunción, Fleck, Steven J, López-Soto, Alejandro, Yanguas-Casás, Natalia, Pinós, Tomàs, Lucia, Alejandro, Fiuza-Luces, Carmen (2025): Discovery of Host Plants and Larvae of Three Species of Tenthredinidae (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) in Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 51 (2): 57-62, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.51.2_57, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003836
