taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
248554D322785C0C9730E085D07F7542.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
248554D322785C0C9730E085D07F7542.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547894	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure2	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
248554D322785C0C9730E085D07F7542.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547896	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure4	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
248554D322785C0C9730E085D07F7542.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547899	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure7	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
248554D322785C0C9730E085D07F7542.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547895	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure3	Figure 3. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Juiz de Fora, Recanto dos Lagos, DZ 46.657). E, F S. (C.) buena (original illustration from Williams & Bell (1940) and readapted version. G – J S. (C.) caribbea (Ecuador, Pichincha, El Toachi, OM 15.676). K – N S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 3. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Juiz de Fora, Recanto dos Lagos, DZ 46.657). E, F S. (C.) buena (original illustration from Williams & Bell (1940) and readapted version. G – J S. (C.) caribbea (Ecuador, Pichincha, El Toachi, OM 15.676). K – N S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
248554D322785C0C9730E085D07F7542.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
248554D322785C0C9730E085D07F7542.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547903	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure11	Figure 11. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) ascalon, S. (C.) buena, S. (C.) caribbea, S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov., S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. and S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 11. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) ascalon, S. (C.) buena, S. (C.) caribbea, S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov., S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. and S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
EF3F1648D8B55061AAC84655D440D33B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
EF3F1648D8B55061AAC84655D440D33B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547899	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure7	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
EF3F1648D8B55061AAC84655D440D33B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547900	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure8	Figure 8. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus. E – H S. (C.) azteca (Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Playa Del Coco, Cerro Ceiba, MGCL 1112103). I – L S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.595). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Venezuela, Distrito Federal, Naiguata, OM 41.643). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 8. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus. E – H S. (C.) azteca (Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Playa Del Coco, Cerro Ceiba, MGCL 1112103). I – L S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.595). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Venezuela, Distrito Federal, Naiguata, OM 41.643). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
EF3F1648D8B55061AAC84655D440D33B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547911	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure15	Figure 15. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) azteca, S. (C.) tyro and S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 15. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) azteca, S. (C.) tyro and S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
EF3F1648D8B55061AAC84655D440D33B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
371A0673921B5607B267851F75421096.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547894	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure2	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
371A0673921B5607B267851F75421096.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547895	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure3	Figure 3. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Juiz de Fora, Recanto dos Lagos, DZ 46.657). E, F S. (C.) buena (original illustration from Williams & Bell (1940) and readapted version. G – J S. (C.) caribbea (Ecuador, Pichincha, El Toachi, OM 15.676). K – N S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 3. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Juiz de Fora, Recanto dos Lagos, DZ 46.657). E, F S. (C.) buena (original illustration from Williams & Bell (1940) and readapted version. G – J S. (C.) caribbea (Ecuador, Pichincha, El Toachi, OM 15.676). K – N S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
371A0673921B5607B267851F75421096.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547903	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure11	Figure 11. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) ascalon, S. (C.) buena, S. (C.) caribbea, S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov., S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. and S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 11. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) ascalon, S. (C.) buena, S. (C.) caribbea, S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov., S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. and S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
33096AC8BB375DB0B31A13A748FD8589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
33096AC8BB375DB0B31A13A748FD8589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547894	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure2	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
33096AC8BB375DB0B31A13A748FD8589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547895	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure3	Figure 3. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Juiz de Fora, Recanto dos Lagos, DZ 46.657). E, F S. (C.) buena (original illustration from Williams & Bell (1940) and readapted version. G – J S. (C.) caribbea (Ecuador, Pichincha, El Toachi, OM 15.676). K – N S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 3. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Juiz de Fora, Recanto dos Lagos, DZ 46.657). E, F S. (C.) buena (original illustration from Williams & Bell (1940) and readapted version. G – J S. (C.) caribbea (Ecuador, Pichincha, El Toachi, OM 15.676). K – N S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
33096AC8BB375DB0B31A13A748FD8589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
33096AC8BB375DB0B31A13A748FD8589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547903	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure11	Figure 11. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) ascalon, S. (C.) buena, S. (C.) caribbea, S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov., S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. and S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 11. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) ascalon, S. (C.) buena, S. (C.) caribbea, S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov., S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. and S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
E6785B67EC565BFC9EC354F0F4293899.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547894	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure2	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
E6785B67EC565BFC9EC354F0F4293899.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547897	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure5	Figure 5. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.063). E – H S. (C.) lizeri album (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.787). I – L S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Brazil, Rondônia, Cacaulândia, OM 38.641). M – P S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Paraná, Londrina, DZ 44.789). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 5. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.063). E – H S. (C.) lizeri album (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.787). I – L S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Brazil, Rondônia, Cacaulândia, OM 38.641). M – P S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Paraná, Londrina, DZ 44.789). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
E6785B67EC565BFC9EC354F0F4293899.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
E6785B67EC565BFC9EC354F0F4293899.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547905	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure12	Figure 12. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) eryx, S. (C.) musculus, S. (C.) melius, S. (C.) corumba and S. (C.) insignis. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 12. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) eryx, S. (C.) musculus, S. (C.) melius, S. (C.) corumba and S. (C.) insignis. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
1233A3182D5B557ABAFA0622F9CC7DBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
1233A3182D5B557ABAFA0622F9CC7DBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547894	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure2	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
1233A3182D5B557ABAFA0622F9CC7DBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547895	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure3	Figure 3. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Juiz de Fora, Recanto dos Lagos, DZ 46.657). E, F S. (C.) buena (original illustration from Williams & Bell (1940) and readapted version. G – J S. (C.) caribbea (Ecuador, Pichincha, El Toachi, OM 15.676). K – N S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 3. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Juiz de Fora, Recanto dos Lagos, DZ 46.657). E, F S. (C.) buena (original illustration from Williams & Bell (1940) and readapted version. G – J S. (C.) caribbea (Ecuador, Pichincha, El Toachi, OM 15.676). K – N S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
1233A3182D5B557ABAFA0622F9CC7DBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
1233A3182D5B557ABAFA0622F9CC7DBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547905	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure12	Figure 12. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) eryx, S. (C.) musculus, S. (C.) melius, S. (C.) corumba and S. (C.) insignis. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 12. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) eryx, S. (C.) musculus, S. (C.) melius, S. (C.) corumba and S. (C.) insignis. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
C86921E731075840A75568D9F51FCD67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
C86921E731075840A75568D9F51FCD67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547896	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure4	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
C86921E731075840A75568D9F51FCD67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547898	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure6	Figure 6. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Cambuquira, DZ 46.677). E – H S. (C.) melius (Argentina, Chaco, Villa Río Bermejito, DZ 44.961). I – L S. (C.) musculus (( Brazil, Paraná, Curitiba, DZ 44.804). M – P S. (C.) perna (Brazil, Pernambuco, Caruaru, Brejo dos Cavalos, Murici, DZ 46.901). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 6. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Cambuquira, DZ 46.677). E – H S. (C.) melius (Argentina, Chaco, Villa Río Bermejito, DZ 44.961). I – L S. (C.) musculus (( Brazil, Paraná, Curitiba, DZ 44.804). M – P S. (C.) perna (Brazil, Pernambuco, Caruaru, Brejo dos Cavalos, Murici, DZ 46.901). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
C86921E731075840A75568D9F51FCD67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
C86921E731075840A75568D9F51FCD67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547905	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure12	Figure 12. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) eryx, S. (C.) musculus, S. (C.) melius, S. (C.) corumba and S. (C.) insignis. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 12. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) eryx, S. (C.) musculus, S. (C.) melius, S. (C.) corumba and S. (C.) insignis. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
C2740634FD6756C4ADEC590B1C5F378F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
C2740634FD6756C4ADEC590B1C5F378F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547894	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure2	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
4DC15DF8F25659D8A19ED014487CE6B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
4DC15DF8F25659D8A19ED014487CE6B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547894	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure2	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
4DC15DF8F25659D8A19ED014487CE6B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547896	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure4	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
4DC15DF8F25659D8A19ED014487CE6B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547899	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure7	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
4DC15DF8F25659D8A19ED014487CE6B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547897	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure5	Figure 5. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.063). E – H S. (C.) lizeri album (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.787). I – L S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Brazil, Rondônia, Cacaulândia, OM 38.641). M – P S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Paraná, Londrina, DZ 44.789). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 5. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.063). E – H S. (C.) lizeri album (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.787). I – L S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Brazil, Rondônia, Cacaulândia, OM 38.641). M – P S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Paraná, Londrina, DZ 44.789). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
4DC15DF8F25659D8A19ED014487CE6B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547909	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure14	Figure 14. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) lizeri lizeri, S. (C.) lizeri album, S. (C.) perna and S. (C.) tucumanus. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 14. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) lizeri lizeri, S. (C.) lizeri album, S. (C.) perna and S. (C.) tucumanus. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
23D7C4E973785E1D8B16EF6846F2DB3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
23D7C4E973785E1D8B16EF6846F2DB3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547894	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure2	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
23D7C4E973785E1D8B16EF6846F2DB3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547897	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure5	Figure 5. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.063). E – H S. (C.) lizeri album (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.787). I – L S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Brazil, Rondônia, Cacaulândia, OM 38.641). M – P S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Paraná, Londrina, DZ 44.789). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 5. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.063). E – H S. (C.) lizeri album (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.787). I – L S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Brazil, Rondônia, Cacaulândia, OM 38.641). M – P S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Paraná, Londrina, DZ 44.789). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
23D7C4E973785E1D8B16EF6846F2DB3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
23D7C4E973785E1D8B16EF6846F2DB3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547909	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure14	Figure 14. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) lizeri lizeri, S. (C.) lizeri album, S. (C.) perna and S. (C.) tucumanus. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 14. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) lizeri lizeri, S. (C.) lizeri album, S. (C.) perna and S. (C.) tucumanus. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
C7D8EBDC996E545D942327455F17C5F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
C7D8EBDC996E545D942327455F17C5F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547896	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure4	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
AFCFA014D8F0571CA4FD8E00846873A6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
AFCFA014D8F0571CA4FD8E00846873A6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547896	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure4	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
AFCFA014D8F0571CA4FD8E00846873A6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547897	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure5	Figure 5. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.063). E – H S. (C.) lizeri album (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.787). I – L S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Brazil, Rondônia, Cacaulândia, OM 38.641). M – P S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Paraná, Londrina, DZ 44.789). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 5. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.063). E – H S. (C.) lizeri album (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.787). I – L S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Brazil, Rondônia, Cacaulândia, OM 38.641). M – P S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Paraná, Londrina, DZ 44.789). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
AFCFA014D8F0571CA4FD8E00846873A6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
AFCFA014D8F0571CA4FD8E00846873A6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547907	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure13	Figure 13. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) melangon melangon and S. (C.) melangon stanga. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 13. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) melangon melangon and S. (C.) melangon stanga. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
A94E5A0DC80A5176A93D45E06D1EB237.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547896	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure4	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
A94E5A0DC80A5176A93D45E06D1EB237.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547907	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure13	Figure 13. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) melangon melangon and S. (C.) melangon stanga. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 13. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) melangon melangon and S. (C.) melangon stanga. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
B91732A507EE5DCC8E97B655B35468AC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
B91732A507EE5DCC8E97B655B35468AC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547896	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure4	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
B91732A507EE5DCC8E97B655B35468AC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547898	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure6	Figure 6. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Cambuquira, DZ 46.677). E – H S. (C.) melius (Argentina, Chaco, Villa Río Bermejito, DZ 44.961). I – L S. (C.) musculus (( Brazil, Paraná, Curitiba, DZ 44.804). M – P S. (C.) perna (Brazil, Pernambuco, Caruaru, Brejo dos Cavalos, Murici, DZ 46.901). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 6. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Cambuquira, DZ 46.677). E – H S. (C.) melius (Argentina, Chaco, Villa Río Bermejito, DZ 44.961). I – L S. (C.) musculus (( Brazil, Paraná, Curitiba, DZ 44.804). M – P S. (C.) perna (Brazil, Pernambuco, Caruaru, Brejo dos Cavalos, Murici, DZ 46.901). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
B91732A507EE5DCC8E97B655B35468AC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547905	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure12	Figure 12. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) eryx, S. (C.) musculus, S. (C.) melius, S. (C.) corumba and S. (C.) insignis. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 12. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) eryx, S. (C.) musculus, S. (C.) melius, S. (C.) corumba and S. (C.) insignis. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
DD471B1258D65AF9BDADB681D38247AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
DD471B1258D65AF9BDADB681D38247AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547896	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure4	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
DD471B1258D65AF9BDADB681D38247AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547898	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure6	Figure 6. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Cambuquira, DZ 46.677). E – H S. (C.) melius (Argentina, Chaco, Villa Río Bermejito, DZ 44.961). I – L S. (C.) musculus (( Brazil, Paraná, Curitiba, DZ 44.804). M – P S. (C.) perna (Brazil, Pernambuco, Caruaru, Brejo dos Cavalos, Murici, DZ 46.901). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 6. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Cambuquira, DZ 46.677). E – H S. (C.) melius (Argentina, Chaco, Villa Río Bermejito, DZ 44.961). I – L S. (C.) musculus (( Brazil, Paraná, Curitiba, DZ 44.804). M – P S. (C.) perna (Brazil, Pernambuco, Caruaru, Brejo dos Cavalos, Murici, DZ 46.901). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
DD471B1258D65AF9BDADB681D38247AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
DD471B1258D65AF9BDADB681D38247AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547905	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure12	Figure 12. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) eryx, S. (C.) musculus, S. (C.) melius, S. (C.) corumba and S. (C.) insignis. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 12. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) eryx, S. (C.) musculus, S. (C.) melius, S. (C.) corumba and S. (C.) insignis. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
D410BF592B6D5091BEE87351EB015E3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
D410BF592B6D5091BEE87351EB015E3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547899	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure7	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
D410BF592B6D5091BEE87351EB015E3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547894	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure2	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 2. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) ascalon: A, B male (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Morro do Diabo, OM 17.996); C, D female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro, DZ 46.813). E, F S. (C.) buena: male (Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista, holotype, CMNH 7188). G – J S. (C.) caribbea: G, H male (Costa Rica, Limón Province, La Bomba, MGCL 1112082); I, J female (Costa Rica, Limón Province, Germania, MGCL 1112078). K – N S. (C.) eryx: K, L male (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566); M, N female (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). O – R S. (C.) corumba: O, P male (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.033); Q, R female (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.005). S, T S. (C.) lizeri album: male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.788). U – X S. (C.) lizeri lizeri: U, V male (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 46.176); W, X female (Colombia, Meta, Villavencio, Bosque Bavaria, DZ 45.526). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
D410BF592B6D5091BEE87351EB015E3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547896	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure4	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
D410BF592B6D5091BEE87351EB015E3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547901	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure9	Figure 9. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. (Brazil, Maranhão, Imperatriz, DZ 46.631). E – H S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov. (Peru, Huánuco, Tingo Maria, OM 46.905). I – L S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.583). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 9. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. (Brazil, Maranhão, Imperatriz, DZ 46.631). E – H S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov. (Peru, Huánuco, Tingo Maria, OM 46.905). I – L S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.583). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
D410BF592B6D5091BEE87351EB015E3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
D410BF592B6D5091BEE87351EB015E3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547903	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure11	Figure 11. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) ascalon, S. (C.) buena, S. (C.) caribbea, S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov., S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. and S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 11. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) ascalon, S. (C.) buena, S. (C.) caribbea, S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov., S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. and S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
393A833A9C2C552297206FCD9EAF7CA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
393A833A9C2C552297206FCD9EAF7CA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547899	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure7	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
393A833A9C2C552297206FCD9EAF7CA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547901	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure9	Figure 9. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. (Brazil, Maranhão, Imperatriz, DZ 46.631). E – H S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov. (Peru, Huánuco, Tingo Maria, OM 46.905). I – L S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.583). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 9. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. (Brazil, Maranhão, Imperatriz, DZ 46.631). E – H S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov. (Peru, Huánuco, Tingo Maria, OM 46.905). I – L S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.583). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
393A833A9C2C552297206FCD9EAF7CA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547903	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure11	Figure 11. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) ascalon, S. (C.) buena, S. (C.) caribbea, S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov., S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. and S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 11. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) ascalon, S. (C.) buena, S. (C.) caribbea, S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov., S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. and S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
E0445A5234A75A2EADB6F17E8842DDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
E0445A5234A75A2EADB6F17E8842DDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547899	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure7	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
E0445A5234A75A2EADB6F17E8842DDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547900	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure8	Figure 8. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus. E – H S. (C.) azteca (Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Playa Del Coco, Cerro Ceiba, MGCL 1112103). I – L S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.595). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Venezuela, Distrito Federal, Naiguata, OM 41.643). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 8. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus. E – H S. (C.) azteca (Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Playa Del Coco, Cerro Ceiba, MGCL 1112103). I – L S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.595). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Venezuela, Distrito Federal, Naiguata, OM 41.643). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
E0445A5234A75A2EADB6F17E8842DDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
E0445A5234A75A2EADB6F17E8842DDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547911	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure15	Figure 15. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) azteca, S. (C.) tyro and S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 15. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) azteca, S. (C.) tyro and S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
DDD66CAD3FAC52A29FA0100993FDE688.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
DDD66CAD3FAC52A29FA0100993FDE688.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547896	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure4	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 4. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) melangon melangon: A, B male (Brazil, Acre, Santa Rosa do Purus, 11, 9 Km SE, DZ 15.997); C, D female (Argentina, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga, DZ 46.934). E – H S. (C.) melangon melangon: E, F male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Francisco, DZ 46.964); G, H female (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, DZ 44.896). I, J S. (C.) melangon stanga: female (Ecuador, Paramba, holotype, BMNH (E) 1669837). K – N S. (C.) insignis: K, L male (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, holotype, DZ 1.410); M, N female (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). O, P S. (C.) melius: male (Argentina, Misiones, Dos de Mayo). Q – T S. (C.) musculus: Q, R male (Argentina, Tucumán, Las Higueras, DZ 1.157); S, T female (Brazil, Santa Catarina, Seara, DZ 44.968). U, V S. (C.) perna: male (Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, DZ 45.217). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
DDD66CAD3FAC52A29FA0100993FDE688.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547898	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure6	Figure 6. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Cambuquira, DZ 46.677). E – H S. (C.) melius (Argentina, Chaco, Villa Río Bermejito, DZ 44.961). I – L S. (C.) musculus (( Brazil, Paraná, Curitiba, DZ 44.804). M – P S. (C.) perna (Brazil, Pernambuco, Caruaru, Brejo dos Cavalos, Murici, DZ 46.901). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 6. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Cambuquira, DZ 46.677). E – H S. (C.) melius (Argentina, Chaco, Villa Río Bermejito, DZ 44.961). I – L S. (C.) musculus (( Brazil, Paraná, Curitiba, DZ 44.804). M – P S. (C.) perna (Brazil, Pernambuco, Caruaru, Brejo dos Cavalos, Murici, DZ 46.901). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
DDD66CAD3FAC52A29FA0100993FDE688.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547909	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure14	Figure 14. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) lizeri lizeri, S. (C.) lizeri album, S. (C.) perna and S. (C.) tucumanus. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 14. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) lizeri lizeri, S. (C.) lizeri album, S. (C.) perna and S. (C.) tucumanus. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
572E6A4B807F5E74AC61C05581F18D9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
572E6A4B807F5E74AC61C05581F18D9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547899	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure7	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
572E6A4B807F5E74AC61C05581F18D9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547901	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure9	Figure 9. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. (Brazil, Maranhão, Imperatriz, DZ 46.631). E – H S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov. (Peru, Huánuco, Tingo Maria, OM 46.905). I – L S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.583). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 9. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. (Brazil, Maranhão, Imperatriz, DZ 46.631). E – H S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov. (Peru, Huánuco, Tingo Maria, OM 46.905). I – L S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.583). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
572E6A4B807F5E74AC61C05581F18D9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547903	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure11	Figure 11. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) ascalon, S. (C.) buena, S. (C.) caribbea, S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov., S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. and S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 11. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) ascalon, S. (C.) buena, S. (C.) caribbea, S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov., S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. and S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
88D2D4C50F055C8EBEA655C487DA7E49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
88D2D4C50F055C8EBEA655C487DA7E49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547899	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure7	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
88D2D4C50F055C8EBEA655C487DA7E49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547900	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure8	Figure 8. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus. E – H S. (C.) azteca (Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Playa Del Coco, Cerro Ceiba, MGCL 1112103). I – L S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.595). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Venezuela, Distrito Federal, Naiguata, OM 41.643). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 8. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus. E – H S. (C.) azteca (Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Playa Del Coco, Cerro Ceiba, MGCL 1112103). I – L S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.595). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Venezuela, Distrito Federal, Naiguata, OM 41.643). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
88D2D4C50F055C8EBEA655C487DA7E49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
88D2D4C50F055C8EBEA655C487DA7E49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547909	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure14	Figure 14. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) lizeri lizeri, S. (C.) lizeri album, S. (C.) perna and S. (C.) tucumanus. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 14. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) lizeri lizeri, S. (C.) lizeri album, S. (C.) perna and S. (C.) tucumanus. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
783A90E6C55352729122F8F737E3CC5E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547893	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure1	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	Figure 1. Relationships of species of Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 and other species of Carcharodini based on COI sequences obtained by Maximum likelihood inferred with IQTREE. The rectangles represent the different subgenera of Staphylus. The new species are bold highlighted. Support values were considered sufficient when SH-aLRT ≥ 80, aBayes ≥ 0.5 and UFBoot ≥ 95.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
783A90E6C55352729122F8F737E3CC5E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547899	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure7	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	Figure 7. Species of Staphylus (Capilla) in dorsal and ventral views. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus: A, B male (Argentina, Salta, Pichanal, DZ 45.125); C, D female (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Estancia Victoria, Rio Norte Lindo, OM 37.963). E – H S. (C.) azteca: E, F male (El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla, MGCL 1112133); G, H female (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, DZ 45.085). I – L S. (C.) tyro: I, J male (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 22.893); K, L female (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.608). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov.: M, N male (Colombia, Cundinamarca, El Boqueron, holotype, DZ 45.163); O, P female (Colombia, no specific locality, paratype, NHMUK 015052554); Q, R S. (C.) neivae sp. nov.: male (Brazil, Paraíba, São José da Mata, Campina Grande, holotype, DZ 44.944). S, T S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov.: male (Peru, Tingo Maria, holotype, OM 41.643). U – X S. (C.) neideae sp. nov.: U, V male (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, holotype, OM 55.562); W, X female (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, paratype, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 1 cm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
783A90E6C55352729122F8F737E3CC5E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547900	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure8	Figure 8. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus. E – H S. (C.) azteca (Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Playa Del Coco, Cerro Ceiba, MGCL 1112103). I – L S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.595). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Venezuela, Distrito Federal, Naiguata, OM 41.643). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 8. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) tucumanus. E – H S. (C.) azteca (Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Playa Del Coco, Cerro Ceiba, MGCL 1112103). I – L S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa, DZ 46.595). M – P S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Venezuela, Distrito Federal, Naiguata, OM 41.643). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
783A90E6C55352729122F8F737E3CC5E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
783A90E6C55352729122F8F737E3CC5E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547911	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure15	Figure 15. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) azteca, S. (C.) tyro and S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	Figure 15. Distribution map of Staphylus (Capilla) species: S. (C.) azteca, S. (C.) tyro and S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. Solid symbols represent collection studies records and open symbols represent literature records.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
A7EF169487E753CE9FADF2E30F0B3088.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547895	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure3	Figure 3. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Juiz de Fora, Recanto dos Lagos, DZ 46.657). E, F S. (C.) buena (original illustration from Williams & Bell (1940) and readapted version. G – J S. (C.) caribbea (Ecuador, Pichincha, El Toachi, OM 15.676). K – N S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 3. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Juiz de Fora, Recanto dos Lagos, DZ 46.657). E, F S. (C.) buena (original illustration from Williams & Bell (1940) and readapted version. G – J S. (C.) caribbea (Ecuador, Pichincha, El Toachi, OM 15.676). K – N S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, DZ 46.566). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
A7EF169487E753CE9FADF2E30F0B3088.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547897	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure5	Figure 5. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.063). E – H S. (C.) lizeri album (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.787). I – L S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Brazil, Rondônia, Cacaulândia, OM 38.641). M – P S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Paraná, Londrina, DZ 44.789). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 5. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul, DZ 45.063). E – H S. (C.) lizeri album (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, OM 2.787). I – L S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Brazil, Rondônia, Cacaulândia, OM 38.641). M – P S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Paraná, Londrina, DZ 44.789). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
A7EF169487E753CE9FADF2E30F0B3088.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547901	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure9	Figure 9. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. (Brazil, Maranhão, Imperatriz, DZ 46.631). E – H S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov. (Peru, Huánuco, Tingo Maria, OM 46.905). I – L S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.583). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 9. Male genitalia of Staphylus (Capilla) species in lateral, internal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. A – D S. (C.) neivae sp. nov. (Brazil, Maranhão, Imperatriz, DZ 46.631). E – H S. (C.) ricardoi sp. nov. (Peru, Huánuco, Tingo Maria, OM 46.905). I – L S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.583). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
A7EF169487E753CE9FADF2E30F0B3088.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1547902	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.84.e179328.figure10	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	Figure 10. Sterigma (female genitalia) of Staphylus (Capilla) in ventral view. A S. (C.) ascalon (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Camanducaia, Monte Verde, DZ 46.724). B S. (C.) caribbea (Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, OM 36.298). C S. (C.) corumba (Brazil, Pará, Santo Antônio do Tauá, DZ 44.999). D S. (C.) eryx (Brazil, Pará, Santarém, MGCL 1112109). E S. (C.) insignis (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, allotype, DZ 859). F S. (C.) lizeri lizeri (Peru, Madre de Dios, Tambopata Reserve, DZ 45.275). G S. (C.) melangon melangon (Brazil, Mato Grosso, Barra dos Bugres, DZ 46.841). H S. (C.) musculus (Brazil, Paraná, Guarapuava, Santa Clara, DZ 45.644). I S. (C.) tucumanus (Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, caminho Pozo Colorado a Puerto Militar, OM 36.193). J S. (C.) azteca (Mexico, Chiapas, San Jerónimo, Motozintla, DZ 45.085). K S. (C.) tyro (Venezuela, Vargas, La Guaira, DZ 46.705). L S. (C.) nicoleae sp. nov. (Colombia, NHMUK 01552554, Genital Vial NHMUK 010402840). M S. (C.) neideae sp. nov. (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Casa Branca, Córrego do Feijão, OM 55.476). Scale bar = 500 μm.	2026-02-24	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David		Zenodo	biologists	Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann;Siewert, Ricardo Russo;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins;Warren, Andrew David			
