identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
AA3B8781FFFCBC3B420F286B1E0EF99C.text	AA3B8781FFFCBC3B420F286B1E0EF99C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyclocephala Dejean 1821	<div><p>Genus Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>The machadoi group comprises species of Cyclocephala distinct from others by the following characters: long antennal club (about three times as long as antennomeres 2–7) with its respective distal lamella entirely covered by dense sensorial spots.</p><p>Key to species of Cyclocephala of the machadoi group</p><p>1. Antennal club about 2–3 times as long as antennomeres 2–7 combined ......................................... ......................................................................... Cyclocephala species with long antennal club … 2</p><p>– Antennal club subequal in length to antennomeres 2–7 ...................................................................... ................................................................................... Cyclocephala species with short antennal club</p><p>2. Distal antennal lamella entirely covered by dense sensorial spots visible at low magnifications under stereo microscope ........................................................ Cyclocephala machadoi species group. … 3</p><p>– Distal lamella lacking visible sensorial spots ... other Cyclocephala species with long antennal club</p><p>3. Body dorsal surface testaceous with dark head; clypeus constricted laterally close to ocular canthus ........................................................................................................................................................... 4</p><p>– Body dorsal surface entirely brownish; clypeus subparallel laterally close to ocular canthus ....... ................................................................................. C. everardoi Grossi, Santos &amp; Almeida, 2016</p><p>4. Tridentate protibia; both outer sides of parameres with a middle process visible in caudal view ... 5</p><p>– Bidentate protibia; parameres lacking middle process produced on outer sides, only with a subapical process visible in caudal view .......................................................................... C. nhumirim sp. nov.</p><p>5. Frontoclypeal suture indistinct; parameres not hook-shaped apically ............................................. ................................................................................ C. machadoi Grossi, Santos &amp; Almeida, 2016</p><p>– Frontoclypeal suture distinct; apex of parameres distinctly hook-shaped ....................................... ................................................................................................................. C. catimbauensis sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AA3B8781FFFCBC3B420F286B1E0EF99C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Duarte, Paulo R. M.;Grossi, Paschoal C.;Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z.	Duarte, Paulo R. M., Grossi, Paschoal C., Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. (2026): Two new species of Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae) with remarkably long antennal lamellae. European Journal of Taxonomy 1079: 1-15, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1079.3309, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3309/14551
AA3B8781FFFCBC3C427F2C501A84FC22.text	AA3B8781FFFCBC3C427F2C501A84FC22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyclocephala catimbauensis Duarte & Grossi & Vaz-De-Mello 2026	<div><p>Cyclocephala catimbauensis sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1103675D-F058-4AA8-B6C2-57E0EDE9065E</p><p>Figs 1, 4–5</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>At first glance, C. catimbauensis sp. nov. resembles C. machadoi and C. nhumirim sp. nov. by the testaceous body. However, the former is separated by the following characters: distinct frontoclypeal suture; protibia with tridentate outer margin, bearing a distinct basal tooth; apical lobes of parameres hook-shaped in caudal view; middle process of parameres strong and produced basally; apex of parameres rounded and not deflexed in lateral view. The parameres configuration of C. catimbauensis is similar to those of C. everardoi . Nonetheless, C. catimbauensis is separated by a testaceous colour, complete frontoclypeal suture, minute and scarce head punctures, clypeus constricted close to ocular canthus.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific epithet is a toponym referring to the type locality: “Catimbau”, of uncertain origin and meaning.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>BRAZIL • ♂; Pernambuco, Buíque, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-37.2459&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-8.576408" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -37.2459/lat -8.576408)">Catimbau National Park</a>; 8°34′35.07″ S, 37°14′45.23″ W; 15– 25 Mar. 2024; P.E.S. Costa leg.; CERPE.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>BRAZIL • 12 ♂♂; Pernambuco, Buíque, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-37.24523&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-8.587161" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -37.24523/lat -8.587161)">Catimbau National Park</a>; 8.587161° S, 37.245233° W; 7–18 Mar. 2025; A.W. Araujo leg.; light trap; CERPE • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; CEMT .</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype male</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Length: 9.3 mm; width between elytral humeri: 4.6 mm.</p><p>OVERALL BODY ASPECT. Body oval-shaped in dorsal view, dorsally convex in lateral view; dorsal surface glabrous; ventral surface bearing sparse, yellowish setae.</p><p>COLOUR. Testaceous except for black frons; clypeus, pronotum, and scutellar plate with dark brown colour.</p><p>HEAD. Clypeus subtrapezoidal, transverse (about 1.6 times as wide as long), shorter than frons, reflexed and slightly rounded anteriorly, constrict close to ocular canthus; surface covered with small, sparse punctures. Frontoclypeal suture distinct, complete. Frontal surface smooth; width between eyes about 2.6 times as wide as transverse diameter of one eye. Ocular canthus transverse, subtriangular, bearing a dorsal sulcus on outer corner.</p><p>MOUTHPARTS. Mentum subtriangular, narrow.</p><p>ANTENNA. Ten-segmented; club long (about 3.0 times as long as antennomeres 1–7); lamellae flattened with a subapical, small constriction on inner margin, surface densely covered by small, sensorial spots.</p><p>THORAX. Pronotum transverse (basis about 1.7 times as wide as mid-line length); punctures small, shallow, irregularly scattered. Prosternal anterior margin slightly sinuous on sides, bearing a subtrapezoidalshaped projection at middle. Scutellar plate subtriangular, smooth. Elytral surface without distinct striae, bearing four double rows of parallel punctures; punctures small, deep, separated from each other by the diameter of three punctures; sutural row with punctures separated from each other by the diameter of two punctures; interstriae with sparse punctures irregularly scattered.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Tergite 8 glabrous, covered with small, dense, shallow punctures, scattered about one puncture diameter apart. Ventrites 2–5 transversely covered with a complete row of setigerous punctures; ventrite 5 longer compared to 4; ventrite 6 bearing a glabrous disc, with setae transversely arranged on posterior margin.</p><p>LEGS. Inner protarsal claw thickened, widely incised, with inner branch distinctly broader than outer one. Protarsomere 5 cylindrical, slightly curved, longer than protarsomere 4; protarsomeres 2–4 beakershaped, subequal in length; protarsomere 4 with a ventroapical lobe, covered with longitudinal striae; protarsomere 1 subequal in length to protarsomeres 2–3 combined. Protibia bearing three teeth projected on outer margin (one apical, one medial, one basal); apical tooth obliquely curved, about two times as long as medial one; medial and basal teeth subtriangular, basal tooth smaller than previous ones.</p><p>AEDEAGUS. Parameres, in cauda view, symmetrical, rhomboid-shaped, elongate, with each outer margin bearing three subtriangular processes lateroventrally projected (one at basis larger than subsequent ones, one at middle and one on apex, smaller than previous ones); apex slightly divergent, hooked-shaped. Parameres, in lateral view, subtriangular, about 2.2 times as short as phallobase, bearing a rounded, convergent apex.</p><p>Variation</p><p>Paratypes with no perceptible variation in relation to holotype.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cyclocephala catimbauensis sp. nov. is known only from its type locality, a landscape composed of xerophilic vegetation, rocky outcrops, and sandstone walls. The Catimbau National Park is the only one entirely circumscribed by the semi-arid climate within the Caatinga biome in the northeast region of Brazil (Corrêa et al. 2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AA3B8781FFFCBC3C427F2C501A84FC22	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Duarte, Paulo R. M.;Grossi, Paschoal C.;Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z.	Duarte, Paulo R. M., Grossi, Paschoal C., Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. (2026): Two new species of Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae) with remarkably long antennal lamellae. European Journal of Taxonomy 1079: 1-15, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1079.3309, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3309/14551
AA3B8781FFFBBC3C41882E3B1974F843.text	AA3B8781FFFBBC3C41882E3B1974F843.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyclocephala everardoi Grossi, Santos & Almeida 2016	<div><p>Cyclocephala everardoi Grossi, Santos &amp; Almeida, 2016</p><p>Figs 2A–C, 4</p><p>Cyclocephala everardoi Grossi et al., 2016: 249–250 (original description).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Cyclocephala everardoi is easily separated by the following combination of characters, unique within the group: Brownish body colour; clypeus parabolic and subparallel lateroposteriorly close to ocular canthus; clypeal surface with dense and deep punctures; prosternal anterior margin bearing a prominent lobe on each side; presence of a spine-like process on each outer margin of parameres (at middle and at apex); apical lobes of parameres transverse. Other species within the machadoi group bear a testaceous colour, clypeus subtrapezoidal and lateroposteriorly constricted close to ocular canthus, clypeal surface with sparse and shallow punctures, prosternum only with a weak lobe on each side.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>BRAZIL • ♂; Minas Gerais [8 km from Northward of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-42.883335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-16.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -42.883335/lat -16.65)">Cristália</a>]; 16°39′ S, 42°53′ W; elev. 720 m; 16 Feb. 2010; Grossi, Parizotto and Melo leg.; light; CERPE.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cyclocephala everardoi is known only from its type locality, a landscape dominated by a xeric savannah vegetation within the Espinhaço formation.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Only the holotype is known.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AA3B8781FFFBBC3C41882E3B1974F843	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Duarte, Paulo R. M.;Grossi, Paschoal C.;Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z.	Duarte, Paulo R. M., Grossi, Paschoal C., Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. (2026): Two new species of Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae) with remarkably long antennal lamellae. European Journal of Taxonomy 1079: 1-15, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1079.3309, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3309/14551
AA3B8781FFF9BC3E418A2B21197CFC39.text	AA3B8781FFF9BC3E418A2B21197CFC39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyclocephala machadoi Grossi, Santos & Almeida 2016	<div><p>Cyclocephala machadoi Grossi, Santos &amp; Almeida, 2016</p><p>Figs 2D–E, 4</p><p>Cyclocephala machadoi Grossi et al., 2016: 246 (original description).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Cyclocephala machadoi has a testaceous colour but is separated by the following combination of characters: indistinct frontoclypeal suture; protibia with three teeth, being the basal one distinct; process on outer margin of parameres weak and produced at middle; parameres with hook-shaped apical lobes.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Brazil • ♂; Minas Gerais, São Gonçalo do Rio Preto, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.34&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.09" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.34/lat -18.09)">P.E. do Rio Preto</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.34&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.09" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.34/lat -18.09)">Porteira</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.34&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.09" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.34/lat -18.09)">Posto</a>; 18.09° S, 43.34° W; elev. 847 m; 2 Dec. 2011; Oliveira and Ferreira leg.; black light; CERPE.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cyclocephala machadoi is known only from its type locality. Cyclocephalus machadoi was collected in an area dominated by rupestrian Cerrado (Grossi et al. 2016).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Only the holotype is known</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AA3B8781FFF9BC3E418A2B21197CFC39	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Duarte, Paulo R. M.;Grossi, Paschoal C.;Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z.	Duarte, Paulo R. M., Grossi, Paschoal C., Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. (2026): Two new species of Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae) with remarkably long antennal lamellae. European Journal of Taxonomy 1079: 1-15, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1079.3309, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3309/14551
AA3B8781FFF9BC3242152E371996FE75.text	AA3B8781FFF9BC3242152E371996FE75.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyclocephala nhumirim Duarte & Grossi & Vaz-De-Mello 2026	<div><p>Cyclocephala nhumirim sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D0386CFF-BF38-41E9-B491-4429D96904E0</p><p>Figs 3–5</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Cyclocephala nhumirim sp. nov. is similar to the species of group with testaceous colour. However, C. nhumirim is separated by the following combination of characters: Indistinct frontoclypeal suture; protibia bearing two distinct teeth on outer margin; parameres only with a subapical outer process, with hook-shaped apex in caudal view; apex of parameres deflexed in lateral view.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific epithet is a toponym referring to the type locality: Nhumirim. The word ‘nhumirim’ means ‘small field’ in the Tupi and Guarani language complexes (Masucci 1979).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>BRAZIL • ♂; Mato Grosso do Sul, Corumbá, Faz. Nhumirim; 23–24 Sep. 1992; CEMT.</p><p>Paratype</p><p>BRAZIL • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; 20–21 Sep. 1992; CERPE.</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype male (not dissected)</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Length: 7.7 mm; width between elytral humeri: 3.3 mm.</p><p>OVERALL BODY ASPECT. Dorsal surface glabrous, except elytral epipleura covered with a row of setae; ventral surface bearing sparse, yellowish setae.</p><p>COLOUR. Nearly entirely testaceous except for dark brown frons and pale antennal club.</p><p>HEAD. Clypeus subtrapezoidal, transverse (two times as wide as long), 1.5 times as short as frons; margins reflexed (anterior stronger than lateral ones), slightly bilobed anteriorly in frontal view; lateroposterior margins constricted close to ocular canthus, forming an oblique angle; discal surface concave, glabrous, nearly entirely impunctate, except by few small, shallow punctures, observed only under 35 × magnification. Frontoclypeal suture indistinct. Frons slightly convex in lateral view; punctures sparse, small, shallow, irregularly arranged on sides; width between eyes two times as wide as the transverse diameter of an eye. Ocular canthus flattened dorsoventrally, produced obliquely backward, subrectangular, rounded on outer margin, bearing five erect setae dorsally inserted in a transversal sulcus.</p><p>MOUTHPARTS. Mandibular outer margin with dense setae. Mentum subtriangular, narrow, nearly five times as long as width basis, rounded apically. Maxillary palpomere 4 oval-shaped, subequal in length to palpomere 2, and twice as long as palpomere 3; palpomeres 2–3 imbricate in shape.</p><p>ANTENNA. Club long (about 3.0 times as long as head length); lamellae flattened, with a small, subapical constriction on inner margin; setae sparse, longitudinally arranged along an area close to outer margin; distal lamella densely covered by sensorial spots.</p><p>THORAX. Pronotum transverse, weakly convex in lateral view; surface with weak, shallow, small punctures; lateral punctures larger compared to discal ones. Prosternal anterior margin slightly sinuous, weakly crenulated. Prosternal process columnar, long, produced between procoxae, oval-shaped apically. Scutellar plate narrowly parabolic, covered with large, contiguous punctures on posterior half. Elytral surface with indistinct striae; punctures ocellated, larger, deep, and denser those on pronotum; epipleura gradually narrowing from basis toward apex</p><p>ABDOMEN. Tergite 8 convex in lateral view; each corner with a weak excavation; punctures small, dense, shallow, scattered about one puncture diameter apart. Ventrites 2–5 transversely covered with a row of sparse, setigerous punctures; ventrite 6 impunctate, setae confined on posterior margin.</p><p>LEGS. Protarsal claw deeply, widely incised, with inner ramus distinctly broader and shorter than outer one. Protarsomere 5 with a small, acute, apical process; protarsomere 4 angularly projected ventroapically, bearing longitudinal striae; protarsomere 1 long, subequal in length to protarsomeres 2–3 combined. Protibia bearing two obliquely pointed, subtriangular teeth on outer side; apical tooth almost two times as long as subapical one; subapical inner spur long, subequal in length to protarsomeres 1–2 combined; protibial dorsal surface with two longitudinal carinae (one well-marked at middle, one barely-marked close to inner margin); middle carina produced from basis to protibial apex, inner carina confined to basal half. Mesotarsomeres 1–4 gradually decreasing in length; mesotarsomere 5 subequal to mesotarsomere 3 in length; mesotarsomere 1 subtriangular with wide apex. Mesotibia with smooth ventral surface; outer surface with an oblique carina produced at middle, covered with long, spine-like setae, stout compared to metaventral setae; apex bordered with spine-like setae similar to those arranged on outer carina; inner apical spur subequal in length to tarsomeres 1–2 combined, outer apical spur shorter than inner one. Mesofemur subcylindrical, ventrally bearing a longitudinal carina produced from basis to apex covered with setae. Metatarsi similar to mesotarsi. Metatibia subtriangular, shorter, and stout compared to mesotibia; ventral surface with a longitudinal row of seven, setigerous punctures; inner apical spur wider compared to outer one. Mesofemur oval-shaped, wider compared to mesofemur.</p><p>Variation</p><p>The paratype varies from holotype only in the following characters: anterior margin of clypeus distinctly bilobed in dorsal view. Parameres, in caudal view, rhomboid-shaped smooth, symmetrical, long (nearly three times as long as middle width), basal half wider than posterior half, lateroventrally convergent toward an apical half with a small, subapical process projected on outer margin, apex divergent. Parameres, in ventral view, with a carina produced at basis. Parameres, in lateral view, subtriangular, about half the length of phallobase, bearing a small subapical process, and deflexed apex.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cyclocephala nhumirim sp. nov. is known only from its type locality, within the “Pantanal da Nhecolândia”, a subregion limited by the Taquari (northward) and Negro (southward) rivers (Nunes da Cunha &amp; Junk 2014). The Nhecolândia landscape is composed of brackish lakes and has a predominance of grassland vegetation (Costa &amp; Diener 2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AA3B8781FFF9BC3242152E371996FE75	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Duarte, Paulo R. M.;Grossi, Paschoal C.;Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z.	Duarte, Paulo R. M., Grossi, Paschoal C., Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. (2026): Two new species of Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae) with remarkably long antennal lamellae. European Journal of Taxonomy 1079: 1-15, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1079.3309, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3309/14551
