identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
3F9EDFF04288535A9041B32A1D4D82C2.text	3F9EDFF04288535A9041B32A1D4D82C2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cataleptoneta aydintopcui Demircan 2020	<div><p>Cataleptoneta aydintopcui Demircan, 2020</p><p>Fig. 8 B, E</p><p>Cataleptoneta aydintopcui Demircan, 2020: 188, figs 1 A, B, 2 A – E, 3 A – C (♂ ♀).</p><p>Material.</p><p>Türkiye: Antalya Prov.: • 2 ♂ 1 ♀ (ZMUT), Döşemealtı Dist., Yağca Vill., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.570835&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.077778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.570835/lat 37.077778)">Karain Cave</a>, 37°04'40.0"N, 30°34'15.0"E, 4. 8. 2009 (R. Kaya, C. Kaya) .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Previously known only from the type locality in Mersin Province, northwestern Türkiye (Demircan 2020). The new locality reported here extends the range of the species approximately 320 km eastwards.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3F9EDFF04288535A9041B32A1D4D82C2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.;Kaya, Rahşen S.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M., Kaya, Rahşen S. (2026): New data on spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Türkiye, with descriptions of four new species. ZooKeys 1282: 323-338, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1282.192906
FDE2E981C0EC5A0389D0E9ADF30579D2.text	FDE2E981C0EC5A0389D0E9ADF30579D2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cybaeus anatolicus Zamani & Marusik & Kaya 2026	<div><p>Cybaeus anatolicus sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 1 A – G</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: • ♀ (ZMUT), Türkiye: Konya Prov.: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=32.57139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.838886" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 32.57139/lat 36.838886)">Taşkent-Ermenek plains</a>, 36°50'20"N, 32°34'17"E, 1651 m, 16. 5. 2012 (R. Kaya) . Paratypes: • 1 ♀ (ZMUT), • 1 ♀ (ZMUU), collected together with the holotype .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet refers to the distribution of the species in central Anatolia.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The new species differs from its congeners by having a transversal copulatory opening (vs. non-transversal), an epigynal plate not divided into two parts (vs. divided), and two pairs of receptacles, each pair located close together and lacking distinct copulatory ducts (vs. two pairs of receptacles connected or separated by copulatory ducts) (cf. Fig. 1 E – G vs. Nentwig et al. 2026: figs on the genus page). It also differs in the spination of tibia I, which bears a single pair of ventral spines (vs. at least two pairs of ventral spines; Roth and Brame 1972).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Female (holotype). Habitus as in Fig. 1 A. Total length 3.95. Carapace 1.65 long, 1.25 wide. Eyes as in Fig. 1 D. Carapace and sternum yellowish brown. Chelicerae, maxillae, and labium pale reddish brown. Chelicerae with 4 pro- and 4 retromarginal teeth (Fig. 1 C). Palps and legs yellowish brown, slightly darker distally. Abdomen and spinnerets pale beige (Fig. 1 B). Measurements of palp and legs: palp: 2.15 (0.65, 0.35, 0.50, -, 0.65); I: 5.80 (1.65, 0.75, 1.35, 1.30, 0.75); II: 4.90 (1.40, 0.60, 1.05, 1.10, 0.75); III: 4.65 (1.25, 0.60, 0.95, 1.15, 0.70); IV: 6.70 (1.80, 0.70, 1.65, 1.70, 0.85).</p><p>Spination: I: Fe 1-2 - 0 - 0, Ti 0-0 - 0 - 1 p, Mt 0-0 - 0 - 1 p + 1 p + 1 p. II: Fe 1-1 - 0 - 0, Ti 1-2 - 0 - 1 + 1, Mt 0-2 - 1 - 1 p + 1 p + 1. III: Fe 1-1 - 1 - 0, Ti 1-2 - 1 - 1 + 1 p + 1 p, Mt 1-2 - 2 - 1 p + 1 p + 1. IV: Fe 1-1 - 1 - 0, Ti 1-2 - 2 - 1 p + 1 p + 1 p, Mt 1-3 - 3 - 1 p + 1 p + 1 p. Pa I – IV 2-0 - 0 - 0; Ta I – IV 0-0 - 0 - 0.</p><p>Trichobothria: Mt: I 6-5, II 4-4, III 4-5, IV 2-5; Ta: I 5-5, II 5-4, III 4-3, IV 5-5.</p><p>Epigyne as in Fig. 1 E – G; epigynal plate ~ 2 × wider than long; fovea small, transversal, posterior part not subdivided; copulatory chambers (Cc) heavily sclerotized and wider than inner receptacles; endogyne with 2 pairs of receptacles: relatively large inner receptacles (Ir) and smaller, digitiform outer ones (Or), almost half as wide as inner receptacles; inner receptacles spaced by ~ 3 × their width; fertilization ducts (Fd) originating from outer receptacles.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The generic placement is tentative and based mainly on similarities in the habitus; the spination and epigyne of the new species clearly differ from those of all other species in Cybaeidae .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known only from the type locality in Konya Province, south-central Türkiye.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FDE2E981C0EC5A0389D0E9ADF30579D2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.;Kaya, Rahşen S.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M., Kaya, Rahşen S. (2026): New data on spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Türkiye, with descriptions of four new species. ZooKeys 1282: 323-338, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1282.192906
D1E0AFE71BCE5F498B86C6E7A31BCDB6.text	D1E0AFE71BCE5F498B86C6E7A31BCDB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dictyna caligaformis Zamani & Marusik & Kaya 2026	<div><p>Dictyna caligaformis sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 A – C, 3 A – F, 4 A – F</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: • ♂ (ZMUT), Türkiye: Bursa Prov.: İnegöl Dist., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.583334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.933334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.583334/lat 39.933334)">Great Oylat Cave</a>, 39°56'N, 29°35'E, 519 m, 3. 6. 2009 (Y. M. Marusik) . Paratypes: • 2 ♀ (ZMUT), collected together with the holotype .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet is derived from caliga (Latin for ‘ military boot’) and - formis (‘ shaped like’), referring to the boot-like shape of the posterior part of the conductor in lateral view.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The new species is similar to D. uncinata Thorell, 1856, a species with a trans-Palaearctic distribution, in having a similarly massive posterior arm of the conductor (Pc). The male differs from that of D. uncinata by the dorsal tibial apophysis shorter than the tibial diameter (vs. as long as the tibial diameter) and by the blunt anteroventral extension of the tibia (vs. conical) (cf. Fig. 3 B vs. Roberts 1985: fig. 14 d). Females of the two species are almost indistinguishable; however, the new species may be diagnosed by longer anterior chambers (Ac) and receptacles, and by the copulatory ducts forming an almost right angle (vs. acute) (cf. Fig. 4 E vs. Roberts 1985: fig. 14 d).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male. Habitus as in Fig. 2 A – C. Total length 3.10. Carapace 1.20 long, 0.95 wide, 0.35 high. Carapace, chelicerae, and labium reddish brown; sternum and maxillae light brown. Palps and legs yellowish brown. Abdomen grey, with indistinct pale beige markings. Spinnerets light brown. Measurements of palp and legs: palp: 1.40 (0.30, 0.25, 0.25, -, 0.60); I: 3.35 (0.95, 0.35, 0.85, 0.70, 0.50); II: 2.90 (0.85, 0.35, 0.65, 0.60, 0.45); III: 1.90 (0.65, 0.30, 0.45, 0.50, 0.30); IV: 2.70 (0.80, 0.30, 0.60, 0.65, 0.35).</p><p>Palp as in Fig. 3 A – F; tibia ~ 2 × longer than wide, with lobe-shaped anteroventral projection (Av); dorsal tibial apophysis shorter than tibial diameter; cymbium ~ 1.5 × longer than wide; anterior arm of conductor terminating at ~ 10: 30 position; posterior arm of conductor (Pc) massive, tip bent at right angle; embolus originating at 9 o’clock position.</p><p>Female. Habitus as in Fig. 4 A. Total length 2.95. Carapace 0.95 long, 0.75 wide. Coloration as in male, only slightly paler, and with more distinct abdominal markings. Measurements of palp and legs: palp: 0.95 (0.30, 0.15, 0.20, -, 0.30); I: 2.45 (0.75, 0.30, 0.55, 0.50, 0.35); II: 2.15 (0.70, 0.25, 0.45, 0.45, 0.30); III: 1.90 (0.60, 0.25, 0.40, 0.40, 0.25); IV: 2.40 (0.75, 0.30, 0.50, 0.55, 0.30). Calamistrum uniseriate (Fig. 4 C). Cribellum undivided (Fig. 4 B).</p><p>Epigyne as in Fig. 4 D – F; plate without distinct ridges; copulatory openings (Co) spaced ~ 4 diameters apart; copulatory ducts forming almost right angle; anterior chambers (Ac) elongated; receptacles contiguous.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Rounded sclerotizations (Rs) may be homologous to ridges, although they are not connected to the copulatory openings.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known only from the type locality in Bursa Province, northwestern Türkiye.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D1E0AFE71BCE5F498B86C6E7A31BCDB6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.;Kaya, Rahşen S.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M., Kaya, Rahşen S. (2026): New data on spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Türkiye, with descriptions of four new species. ZooKeys 1282: 323-338, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1282.192906
AE0F9CEA0C4B5E708B38198D354E765C.text	AE0F9CEA0C4B5E708B38198D354E765C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drassodes robatus Roewer 1961	<div><p>Drassodes robatus Roewer, 1961</p><p>Fig. 5 A, B</p><p>Drassodes robatus Roewer, 1961: 17, figs 28–31, 70 (♂).</p><p>Drassodes robatus: Murphy 2007: 55, fig. 446 (♂); Esyunin and Zamani 2019: 69, figs 3 A – F, 4 A – F (♂ ♀).</p><p>Material.</p><p>Türkiye: Gaziantep Prov.: • 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (ZMUT), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.62972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.010834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.62972/lat 37.010834)">Nizip Dist.</a>, 37°00'39"N, 37°37'47"E, 773 m, 11. 5. 2004 (R. Kaya) .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Previously known from Iran and Afghanistan (WSC 2026). New record for Türkiye, with the current material representing the easternmost record of the species in its known range.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE0F9CEA0C4B5E708B38198D354E765C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.;Kaya, Rahşen S.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M., Kaya, Rahşen S. (2026): New data on spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Türkiye, with descriptions of four new species. ZooKeys 1282: 323-338, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1282.192906
A7ED9E2C8D8456F191832AB3B1E798D2.text	A7ED9E2C8D8456F191832AB3B1E798D2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptonetela ayvaensis Zamani & Marusik & Kaya 2026	<div><p>Leptonetela ayvaensis sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 8 A, 8 D, 9 A – F</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: • ♂ (ZMUT), Türkiye: Bursa Prov.: Nilüfer Dist., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.701&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.124165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.701/lat 40.124165)">Ayvaini Cave</a>, 40°07'27.0"N, 28°42'03.6"E, 12. 11. 2012 (R. Kaya) . Paratype: • 1 ♀ (ZMUT), collected together with the holotype .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the species.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The new species is similar to L. deltshevi in having the same number and shape of prolateral spines on the palpal tibia, but can be distinguished by its smaller size (carapace 0.65 vs. 0.78 mm), a shorter femur (length / width ratio 5.2 vs. 6), and tibia lacking a ventrobasal bulge (cf. Fig. 9 A vs. Brignoli 1979: fig. 2).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male. Habitus as in Fig. 8 A. Carapace 0.65 long, 0.60 wide. Specimen in poor condition; abdomen and most leg segments missing. Measurements of palp and femora and patellae of legs I – III: palp: 1.05 (0.40, 0.20, 0.15, -, 0.30); I: 1.25, 0.25; II: 1.15, 0.20; III: 0.90, 0.20.</p><p>Palp as in Fig. 9 A – F; femur 5.2 × longer than wide, with strong ventral seta in middle; patella 3 × shorter than femur; tibia almost 2 × shorter than femur, with 5 strong prolateral spines, proximal spines much stronger than others; anterior part of cymbium with long ventral setae and setae at tip; bulb ~ 1.6 × longer than wide; terminal part with conical sclerite bearing 4 teeth and 2 membranous lamellae.</p><p>Female. Habitus as in Fig. 8 D. Total length 2.10. Carapace 0.80 long, 0.70 wide. Cephalothorax and its appendages pale yellowish brown. Abdomen and spinnerets pale beige. Measurements of palp and legs: palp: 1.35 (0.45, 0.15, 0.30, -, 0.45); I: 4.60 (1.30, 0.30, 1.30, 0.95, 0.75); II: 4.05 (1.15, 0.25, 1.10, 0.90, 0.65); III: 3.40 (0.95, 0.25, 0.85, 0.80, 0.55); IV: 4.55 (1.25, 0.25, 1.30, 1.05, 0.70).</p><p>Endogyne. Lost before photography.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known only from the type locality in Bursa Province, northwestern Türkiye.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A7ED9E2C8D8456F191832AB3B1E798D2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.;Kaya, Rahşen S.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M., Kaya, Rahşen S. (2026): New data on spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Türkiye, with descriptions of four new species. ZooKeys 1282: 323-338, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1282.192906
4935345D8E0155E08867672E4F462103.text	4935345D8E0155E08867672E4F462103.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptonetela Kratochvil 1978	<div><p>Genus Leptonetela Kratochvíl, 1978</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This genus currently comprises 124 described species distributed from Greece to China (WSC 2026), including two from Türkiye: L. deltshevi (Brignoli, 1979) (♂; Ordu Province, northern-central Türkiye) and L. turcica Danışman &amp; Coşar, 2021 (♂ ♀; Kahramanmaraş Province, southern-central Türkiye).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4935345D8E0155E08867672E4F462103	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.;Kaya, Rahşen S.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M., Kaya, Rahşen S. (2026): New data on spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Türkiye, with descriptions of four new species. ZooKeys 1282: 323-338, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1282.192906
88412DFACCAB5D90882A747D4C329B77.text	88412DFACCAB5D90882A747D4C329B77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptonetela oylatensis Zamani & Marusik & Kaya 2026	<div><p>Leptonetela oylatensis sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 8 C, 10 A – F</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: • ♂ (ZMUT), Türkiye: Bursa Prov.: İnegöl Dist., Great Oylat Cave, 39°56'62.0"N, 29°35'49.0"E, 22. 7. 2003 (R. Kaya).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the species.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The new species is similar to L. turcica Danışman &amp; Coşar, 2021 in having a very strong ventral spine on the male palpal tibia, but can be distinguished by the spine being acute rather than widened at the tip (cf. Fig. 10 B vs. Danışman and Coşar 2021: fig. 10 B). The new species also differs in having ventral femoral setae, which are absent in the sibling species, and a longer femur I (1.45 vs. 1.0).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male. Habitus as in Fig. 8 C. Total length 1.85. Carapace 0.70 long, 0.65 wide. Cephalothorax yellowish brown. Palps and legs pale yellowish brown. Abdomen and spinnerets pale beige. Measurements of palp and legs (I, II and IV only femora and patellae): palp: 1.15 (0.45, 0.15, 0.25, -, 0.30); I: 1.45, 0.30; II: 1.25, 0.25; III: 3.30 + missing tarsus (1.15, 0.20, 1.05, 0.90, missing); IV: 1.40, 0.25.</p><p>Palp as in Fig. 10 A – F; femur long, length / width ratio 6.3, slightly longer than patella + tibia, venter with 4 long setae; tibia ~ 4 × longer than wide, with very strong ventro-basal spine and 4 setae; cymbium slightly longer than tibia, anterior half with long straight setae; bulb ~ 1.5 × longer than wide, terminal part with ridge-like sclerite bearing 6 teeth and 2 membranous lamellae.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known only from the type locality in Bursa Province, north-western Türkiye.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/88412DFACCAB5D90882A747D4C329B77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.;Kaya, Rahşen S.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M., Kaya, Rahşen S. (2026): New data on spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Türkiye, with descriptions of four new species. ZooKeys 1282: 323-338, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1282.192906
B9357846C94C52DF803BF245D0E4EAF2.text	B9357846C94C52DF803BF245D0E4EAF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pterotricha kochi (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1872)	<div><p>Pterotricha kochi (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)</p><p>Fig. 7 A – F</p><p>Pterotricha kochii: Levy 1995: 967, figs 121–125 (♂ ♀). 1</p><p>Material.</p><p>Türkiye: Konya Prov.: • 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (ZMUT), Karapınar Dist., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=33.63889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.69361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 33.63889/lat 37.69361)">Meke Salt Lake</a>, 37°41'37"N, 33°38'20"E, 1030 m, 18. 5. 2015 (R. Kaya) .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>All illustrations for this species in the literature are drawings; here, we illustrate the habitus for the first time and provide photographs of the copulatory organs.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Türkiye to the Levant (WSC 2026). In Türkiye, it was previously known from Konya (Nosek 1905, Dalmas 192 1), Gaziantep, Osmaniye, Hatay (Kumbiçak and Kumbiçak 2014), and Kütahya (Seyyar et al. 2019) provinces, southern to central-western Türkiye.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B9357846C94C52DF803BF245D0E4EAF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.;Kaya, Rahşen S.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M., Kaya, Rahşen S. (2026): New data on spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Türkiye, with descriptions of four new species. ZooKeys 1282: 323-338, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1282.192906
286BA56BE02C58ED9FB7CA803A7858E0.text	286BA56BE02C58ED9FB7CA803A7858E0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Troglohyphantes Joseph 1882	<div><p>Genus Troglohyphantes Joseph, 1882</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Troglohyphantes is a large genus of Micronetinae comprising 139 described species. Of these, four species are known from Türkiye: T. gladius Wunderlich, 1995 (♂; Ordu Province, northern-central Türkiye); T. karolianus Topçu, Türkes &amp; Seyyar, 2008 (♂ ♀; Konya Province, central Türkiye); T. pisidicus Brignoli, 1971 (♀; Isparta Province, southwestern Türkiye); and T. turcicus Topçu, Türkeş, Seyyar, Demircan &amp; Karabulut, 2014 (♂ ♀; Bilecik Province, northwestern Türkiye).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/286BA56BE02C58ED9FB7CA803A7858E0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.;Kaya, Rahşen S.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M., Kaya, Rahşen S. (2026): New data on spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Türkiye, with descriptions of four new species. ZooKeys 1282: 323-338, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1282.192906
C510F96F8FE15834864844ED8A3261CA.text	C510F96F8FE15834864844ED8A3261CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Troglohyphantes karolianus Topcu, Turkes & Seyyar 2008	<div><p>Troglohyphantes karolianus Topçu, Türkes &amp; Seyyar, 2008</p><p>Fig. 11 A – E</p><p>Troglohyphantes karolianus Topçu et al., 2008: 91, figs 1, 2, 3 ab, 4 a – c, 5 a – c (♂ ♀).</p><p>Material.</p><p>Türkiye: Konya Prov.: • 2 ♀ (ZMUT), Beyşehir Dist., Kurucaova Vill., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.666668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.35/lat 37.666668)">İnönüini Cave</a>, 37°40'N, 31°21'E, 1200 m, 19. 5. 2010 (R. Kaya) .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Here, we present, for the first time, details of the epigyne of this species, including posterior and lateral views, as well as an image of its habitus. In their original description, Topçu et al. (2008) considered T. polyophthalmus Joseph, 1882, known only from Slovenia, to be the most similar species. However, T. karolianus appears to be more closely similar to T. pisidicus Brignoli, 1971, known only from two females collected in Hacı Akif Cave, Konya Province (Brignoli 1971), merely 10 km from the type locality of T. karolianus . The two nominal species may in fact be synonymous; however, T. karolianus can tentatively be distinguished from T. pisidicus by a longer ridge on the ventral epigynal plate (cf. Fig. 11 C vs. Brignoli 1971: fig. 1) and by its larger overall size (carapace 1.1–1.2 mm vs. 0.85 mm).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known only from the type locality in Konya Province, central Türkiye (Topçu et al. 2008; present data).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C510F96F8FE15834864844ED8A3261CA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.;Kaya, Rahşen S.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M., Kaya, Rahşen S. (2026): New data on spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Türkiye, with descriptions of four new species. ZooKeys 1282: 323-338, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1282.192906
