identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
3552D4A3AD0E5B3088180CC189E7F74F.text	3552D4A3AD0E5B3088180CC189E7F74F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dolichopoda (Dolichopoda) balrogi Kalaentzis & Alexiou 2026	<div><p>Dolichopoda (Dolichopoda) balrogi Kalaentzis &amp; Alexiou sp. nov.</p><p>Materials examined. —</p><p>Holotype: GREECE • ♂; Dodecanese, Kastellorizo Island; 242 m; 15 November 2025; D. Koutsogiannopoulos, C. Kotselis, A. Christopoulos leg.; KMNH . Paratypes: GREECE • 1 ♀; same information as holotype; KMNH • 2 ♀, 2 ♂; Dodecanese, Kastellorizo Island; 242 m; 17 October 2025; K. Kalaentzis leg.; BOLD Sample IDs: KK 250241, KK 250288, KK 250289, and KK 250339; MZUR ;</p><p>Diagnosis. —</p><p>Because of the unarmed fore and middle femora, the new species described here belongs to the genus Dolichopoda . It is a member of subgenus Dolichopoda because of the absence of spines on all femora, the presence of spines on the fore tibia, and the non-bifurcated median process of the epiphallus. The new species is similar to D. sbordonii, a species endemic to the adjacent Anatolian coast. Both share a non-bilobate median process of epiphallus and the presence of styli at the subgenital plate of the male. The new species differs mainly in the shape of the median process of epiphallus (trapezoidal vs triangular) and the shape of the X tergite of the male (traces of lateral lobes vs lateral lobes). The female of D. sbordonii differs mainly by the shorter ovipositor with smaller number of denticles on the ventral valve. Dolichopoda lycia is a species also present on the adjacent coast. It shares with D. balrogi sp. nov. the shape of the tenth male tergite, with only inconspicuous lateral lobes and a similar ovipositor in females, with 15 denticles on the ventral valve. It differs in the bilobed median process of the epiphallus and the absence of styli.</p><p>Description. —</p><p>Male. Body brown to testaceous (Fig. 3). Posterior margins of tergites dark brown. Rostral tubercles reduced, consisting of two separated folds, head around them darkened longitudinally (Fig. 3). Legs elongated, darker brown, femora unarmed. Fore tibia armed with 0–1 spines on the upper edge and 4–5 spines on both sides of the ventral edge. Middle tibia with 1–2 spines on the upper edge and 4–5 on the ventral edges. Hind tibia armed with 15–16 spines on both sides of upper edge and 3 spines on the ventral edge. X tergite with the posterior edge straight with only traces of lateral lobes (Fig. 3). Epiproct triangular, with convex lateral edges, paraproct with numerous small denticles. Subgenital plate strongly incised in the middle to 2 / 3, creating two wide rounded lobes, with short styli at the apex (Fig. 3). Epiphallus moderately sclerotized, median process short, trapezoidal, in lateral view strongly curved apically, showing inconspicuous emargination at the apex (Fig. 3).</p><p>Female. As in male. Subgenital plate triangular, bifurcated at apex. Ovipositor long, length 14.4 mm, 15 denticles on the ventral valve.</p><p>Measurements (mm). (Holotype). Body length 16.2, rather large for the genus, pronotum 3.6, fore femora 17.0, middle femora 16.0, hind femora 26.0, fore tibia 19.0, middle tibia 19.0, hind tibia 31.0, hind tarsum 11.0, first article of hind tarsum 6.0.</p><p>Etymology. —</p><p>The specific epithet balrogi is a Latinized genitive noun derived from “Balrog,” the legendary creature inhabiting the depths of Khazad-dûm in J. R. R. Tolkien’s legendarium. The name alludes to the circumstances of discovery of the species, which was found exclusively in a man-made tunnel. In Tolkien’s narrative, the Balrog is revealed only after the Dwarves “delved too deep”; similarly, Dolichopoda balrogi sp. nov. was discovered on Kastellorizo due to anthropogenic excavation on Mt. Vigla, as the island lacks accessible caves. The epithet thus symbolically links deep excavation with the revelation of hidden subterranean fauna.</p><p>Molecular analysis. —</p><p>Sequencing was successful producing four COI DNA barcodes of 632–683 bp. Sequences were deposited in the BOLD Systems database (Sample IDs: KK 250241, KK 250288, KK 250289, and KK 250339).</p><p>Bayesian inference (BI) based on mitochondrial COI sequences recovered a well-resolved phylogeny of Dolichopoda species (Fig. 4). ML analysis produced an identical overall topology and is therefore not shown.</p><p>All sequences obtained from Kastellorizo formed a distinct lineage within the eastern Mediterranean Dolichopoda, sister to the Anatolian taxa D. lycia and D. sbordonii, with high posterior probability, indicating a close phylogenetic affinity with southwestern Anatolian species. Despite this relationship, the Kastellorizo lineage did not cluster within any previously described species. Other Greek and Anatolian taxa formed distinct, well-supported clades, highlighting the phylogenetic distinctiveness of the Kastellorizo lineage within the European species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3552D4A3AD0E5B3088180CC189E7F74F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kalaentzis, Konstantinos;Alexiou, Sotiris;Christopoulos, Apostolos;Minoudi, Styliani;Koutsogiannopoulos, David;Kotselis, Christos;Triantafyllidis, Alexandros	Kalaentzis, Konstantinos, Alexiou, Sotiris, Christopoulos, Apostolos, Minoudi, Styliani, Koutsogiannopoulos, David, Kotselis, Christos, Triantafyllidis, Alexandros (2026): Delving too deep: Morphological and molecular description of the cave-dwelling Dolichopoda balrogi sp. nov. (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae) from Kastellorizo Island, Greece. Journal of Orthoptera Research 35 (2): 259-266, DOI: 10.3897/jor.35.187943
1A93A50F62235A178D428D12BB9DAF9C.text	1A93A50F62235A178D428D12BB9DAF9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dolichopoda Bolivar 1880	<div><p>Genus Dolichopoda Bolívar, 1880</p><p>Type species. —</p><p>Gryllus palpatus Sulzer, 1776 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A93A50F62235A178D428D12BB9DAF9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kalaentzis, Konstantinos;Alexiou, Sotiris;Christopoulos, Apostolos;Minoudi, Styliani;Koutsogiannopoulos, David;Kotselis, Christos;Triantafyllidis, Alexandros	Kalaentzis, Konstantinos, Alexiou, Sotiris, Christopoulos, Apostolos, Minoudi, Styliani, Koutsogiannopoulos, David, Kotselis, Christos, Triantafyllidis, Alexandros (2026): Delving too deep: Morphological and molecular description of the cave-dwelling Dolichopoda balrogi sp. nov. (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae) from Kastellorizo Island, Greece. Journal of Orthoptera Research 35 (2): 259-266, DOI: 10.3897/jor.35.187943
