identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
8168D03AC6A2579D8D18BD33DF40119D.text	8168D03AC6A2579D8D18BD33DF40119D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Homoeomma Ausserer 1871	<div><p>Genus Homoeomma Ausserer, 1871</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Homoeomma stradlingi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Modified from Galleti-Lima et al. (2026). Males are distinguished from other Theraphosinae by the combination of the following characters: tegular apophysis at the base of the palpal bulb (length greater than the width of the base) (Fig. 2 E) or reduced (see Montenegro Vargas and Aguilera 2024); palpal bulb with the angle formed between the embolus and the bulb ranging from 135 ° to 90 ° (Fig. 2 C – E); the bulb with two prolateral keels, PS and PI, retrolateral keel absent (Fig. 6 A, B). Female internal genitalia with two receptacles with or without constriction at apex; guard plates absent (Fig. 5 A – D) (Montenegro Vargas et al. 2024: fig. 2 f, 4 f; Galleti-Lima et al. 2026: figs 4 I, 6 I).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Colombia, Ecuador, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina and Chile.</p><p>Composition.</p><p>Homoeomma brasilianum (Chamberlin, 1917), H. chilense Montenegro &amp; Aguilera, 2018, H. elegans (Gerschman &amp; Schiapelli, 1958), H. espinozai Montenegro &amp; Aguilera, 2024, H. familiare Bertkau, 1880, H. josti sp. nov., H. minimum Montenegro &amp; Aguilera, 2024, H. montanum (Mello-Leitão, 1923), H. orellanai Montenegro &amp; Aguilera, 2018, H. poqui Montenegro &amp; Aguilera, 2024, H. strabo (Simon, 1892) status reinstated, H. toriyamai Montenegro &amp; Aguilera, 2024, H. uruguayense (Mello-Leitão, 1946) and H. villosum (Keyserling, 1891) .</p><p>Note.</p><p>Yamamoto (2008) proposed that H. strabo and H. stradlingi are junior synonyms of H. familiare Bertkau, 1880 which is found in southeastern Brazil. Sherwood et al. (2018) later suggested that the location (Colombia) may be attributable to a collection labeling error. Galleti-Lima et al. (2026) formally synonymized H. strabo under H. familiare basing their decision on comparisons with illustrations by Gerschman and Schiapelli (1972), not on the direct examination of the type specimen. The primary rationale cited by these authors is the disjunct distribution: “ The known range of Homoeomma was previously the eastern side of the Andes, where it was found in ecosystems along the Atlantic coast, including the Chaco, Pampa, and Atlantic Forest. The single record in Colombia (northwestern South America) is doubtful, as the only record of H. strabo (now synonymous with H. familiare) is limited to the type specimen. ” Although we were unable to inspect the type material (which was loaned to another researcher), H. strabo is revalidated against Galleti-Lima et al. (2026) and is not regarded as a locality error or a disjunct distribution due to the discovery of a new species in the Ecuadorian Andes. Furthermore, H. strabo has been recorded in Colombia, whereas H. familiare Bertkau, 1880 occurs in southeastern Brazil, resulting in a broad distributional gap between the two taxa, rendering their conspecificity unlikely.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8168D03AC6A2579D8D18BD33DF40119D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dupérré, Nadine;Tapia, Elicio;Salazar-Valenzuela, David	Dupérré, Nadine, Tapia, Elicio, Salazar-Valenzuela, David (2026): New Theraphosinae from Ecuador: description of five species (Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae, Romopelma, and Homoeomma) with the establishment of a new genus. Evolutionary Systematics 10 (2): 217-261, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.196576
C4DCC96D698F553C9BCD84AB4A02FE0B.text	C4DCC96D698F553C9BCD84AB4A02FE0B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Homoeomma josti Duperre & Tapia 2026	<div><p>Homoeomma josti Dupérré &amp; Tapia sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 36 A, 39</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: 1 ♂ from Ecuador, Tungurahua Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.4264&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.4428" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.4264/lat -1.4428)">El Copete</a> (-01.4428, -78.4264) 3250 m, 25.03. – 04. 04. 2024, yellow pan trap, M. Huben, ECFN 12484 (QCAZ) .</p><p>Paratypes: same data as holotype • 2 ♂ ECFN 12586 (ZMH -A 0032950) • 2 ♂ ECFN 12589 (QCAZ) • 1 ♂ ECFN 12587 (DTC) • 1 ♂ ECFN 12588 (ZIMG) • 1 ♀ ECFN 13354 (QCAZ) • 1 ♀ from Tungurahua Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.60376&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.31332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.60376/lat -1.31332)">Totoras</a> (-01.31332, -78.60376) 2696 m, 11 June 2016, hand collecting, E. Tapia, A. Tapia, N. Dupérré, ECFN 13358 (QCAZ) .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Male most resemble H. familiare, H. strabo and H. chilense Montenegro &amp; Aguilera, 2018 but are distinguished by their disconnected, slightly serrated prolateral superior keel; and the presence of a small retrolateral tooth (Fig. 6 A, C, D); retrolateral tooth absent in H. familiare and H. strabo (Galleti-Lima et al. 2026: fig. 3 A, B; Gerschman and Schiapelli 1972: figs 23, 24); and two small teeth in H. chilense (Montenegro Vargas et al. 2018: fig. 2 e). Females are diagnosed by their uniquely comma-shaped spermathecae (Fig. 5 A – D).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of Lou Jost, mathematician, population geneticist and orchid taxonomist for his work protecting Ecuador diversity through EcoMinga foundation.</p><p>Description.</p><p>(Holotype male). Total length: 20.07; carapace length: 9.63; width 9.46, abdomen length 10.44. Carapace hexagonal, reddish-brown covered by black setae along radiating line and pale setae all through; pars cephalica flat; fovea straight (Fig. 1 A, B). Eyes on low mound; AME 0.27, ALE 0.32, PME 0.30, PLE 0.37; PME - PME 0.68. Sternum orange-brown: 4.11 length, 3.64 width; labio-sternal mound joined; with three sigillae close to margin, anterior rounded, median and posterior oval (Fig. 1 C). Labium V-shaped, orange with nine cuspules; endites orange with 73 cuspules extending over 13 % of the endite; anterior lobe moderately extended (Fig. 1 C). Chelicerae orange-brown covered with pale decumbent setae, and black erected setae; 14 retromarginal teeth, and ~ 25 intermarginal denticles. Abdomen elongated oval, dark brown with dark decumbent setae and reddish-brown erected setae; urticating setae Type III present dorso-basally and centrally (0.43 mm) (Fig. 36 A); spinnerets: PMS 0.87, PLS 3.33 (1.03 / 0.75 / 1.55). Leg measurements: I 32.23 (9.32 / 4.12 / 7.44 / 6.90 / 4.45); II 29.91 (8.75 / 3.76 / 6.53 / 6.45 / 4.42); III 27.95 (7.53 / 3.85 / 5.58 / 6.90 / 4.09); IV 34.77 (9.28 / 3.25 / 7.88 / 10.03 / 4.33); leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I p 1-1, r 1-1, II p 1, r 1-1, III d 1-1 - 1 - 1, p 1-1, r 1-1, IV d 1-1 - 1 - 1 - 1, p 1-1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1; tibia I p 1-1, r 1-1 - 1, v 2-2 - 1 (apical), II p 0-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 1-2 - 1 - 2 (apical), III d 2-2 - 2, p 2-2 - 2 - 1, r 2-2 - 1, v 1-2 - 2 (apical); IV d 2-1 - 2 - 2, p 2-2 - 2 - 1, r 1-1 - 1 - 1, v 2-2 - 3 (apical); metatarsus I p 0-1 - 1, r 1, v 0-1 - 1 (apical); II d 0-2 - 2, p 0-2 - 1, r 1-1, v 2-2 - 2 - 2 (apical); III d 0-2 - 2 - 2, p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1 v 1-2 - 2 - 2 (apical); IV d 2-1 - 2 - 2, p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1 v 2-2 - 2 - 2 - 1 - 2 (apical). Tibia I apophysis with two branches, smaller dorsal branch with long, basal megaspine and longer ventral branch with short apical megaspine (Fig. 6 E); metatarsus I curved, not folding between the two branches. Tarsus fully scopulate separated by thicker, longer setae; metatarsal scopula I 55 %, II 20 %, III 5 %, IV ascopulate. Palpal tibia; 4.58 length, 1.62 width; spination p 6. Palpal cymbium bilobed without basal retrolateral apophysis (Fig. 6 F); palpal bulb with well-developed triangular tegular apophysis (Fig. 2 E); prolaterally small tooth; proeminent, disjunct PS keel, PS and PI circling the bulb; embolic keel (EK) overlapping; retrolaterally with RS, RI keels absent, with small retrolateral tooth (Fig. 6 A – D).</p><p>Female (Paratype ECFN 13358). Total length: 22.98; carapace length: 8.84; width 8.50, abdomen length 14.14. Live coloration: carapace and leg dark brown covered with orange-reddish erected setae; abdomen blackish covered with orange-reddish erected setae (Fig. 3). Carapace as in male. Eyes: AME 0.24, ALE 0.42, PME 0.31, PLE 0.33, PME - PME 0.70. Chelicerae as in male (Fig. 4 B); with 12 retromargianl teeth, and ~ 11 intermarginal denticles. Labium with 25 cuspules, endites with 148 cuspules covering 15 % of endites surface (Fig. 4 C) Sternum as in male; 3.78 length, 4.42 width (Fig. 4 C). Leg: I 22.98 (6.64 / 3.86 / 5.67 / 3.65 / 3.16); II 20.73 (6.16 / 3.36 / 4.52 / 3.81 / 2.88); III 17.00 (3.23 / 2.30 / 4.18 / 4.39 / 2.90); IV 26.37 (7.24 / 3.08 / 5.89 / 6.46 / 3.70); leg formula 4123. All tarsi with scopula separate by thicker, longer setae; metatarsal scopula I 50 %, II 35 %, III 10 %, IV ascopulate. Spination: femur I p 1-1, II p 1, III, p 1-1, r 1-1, IV, p 1, r 1, d 1; tibia I v 0-1 - 2 (apical), II v 0-1 (apical), III p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1, v 2-3 (apical); IV p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1 v 1-2 - 3 (apical); metatarsus I v 1-1 (apical); II v 1-1 - 2 (apical); III p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1 v 1-1 - 2 - 3 (apical); IV p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 1-1 - 2 - 2 - 3 (apical). Abdomen ovoid covered with dark brown recumbent setae and light orange erected setae (Fig. 4 A); urticating setae type III (0.46 mm). Spinnerets: PMS 0.87; PLS 3.43 (1.07 / 1.05 / 1.31). Internal genitalia with dual spermathecae, wider basally than apically, comma-shaped; guard plates absent (Fig. 5 A, B).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only known from the type locality, Tungurahua Province, Ecuador.</p><p>Variation.</p><p>Male body length: 15.53–20.07, x 16.58, n = 5; carapace length 6.92–9.63, x 7.70, n = 5.</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>Specimens were collected between 2696–3250 m in high evergreen forest of the Eastern Cordillera of the Andes (BsAn 01) (Aguirre et al. 2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C4DCC96D698F553C9BCD84AB4A02FE0B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dupérré, Nadine;Tapia, Elicio;Salazar-Valenzuela, David	Dupérré, Nadine, Tapia, Elicio, Salazar-Valenzuela, David (2026): New Theraphosinae from Ecuador: description of five species (Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae, Romopelma, and Homoeomma) with the establishment of a new genus. Evolutionary Systematics 10 (2): 217-261, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.196576
651EAD70AC65586C992E30A0E9193A18.text	651EAD70AC65586C992E30A0E9193A18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Romopelma barrigae Penaherrera-R 2024	<div><p>Romopelma barrigae Peñaherrera-R et al., 2024</p><p>Figs 8, 9, 10, 36 B, 39</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: 1 ♂ from Ecuador, Pichincha Province, Mindo (0.053°S, 78.774°W) 1250 m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.774&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.053" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.774/lat -0.053)">Parroquia de San Miguel de Los Bancos</a>, 18 November 2015, coll. Melissa Costales (ZSFQ-i 18037). Not examined .</p><p>Other material examined.</p><p>Ecuador • Pichincha Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.97375&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.41763" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.97375/lat -0.41763)">Mindo</a> (-00.41763, -78.97375) 1547 m, 1 ♀, 12 Dec. 2015, N. Dupérré, E. Tapia, A. Tapia, ECFN 13746 (QCAZ) ; same data • 1 ♀ ECFN 908 (ZMH -A 0002984) .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Males and females most ressembles R. chirapa sp. nov. but are distinguished by the combination of following characters: by the presence of retrolateral tegular process (Peñaherrera-R et al. 2024 b: fig 2 B, D) absent in the latter (Figs 13 B, 13 D, 14 B); SA and PI weakly developed in R. barrigae according to Peñaherrera-R et al. (2024 b) whereas elongated reaching below lower half of bulb in the latter (Fig. 14 A, C). Females are distinguished by the combination of the combination of the following characters: spermathecae elongated (3 × longer than wide) with elongated oval spermathecal head; guard plate further apart, separated by half their length (Fig. 10 A – C), whereas spermathecae shorter (2–2.5 × longer than wide) with rounded spermathecal head; guard plates closer, separated by less than half their length (Fig. 17 A – F).</p><p>Description.</p><p>For male description see Peñaherrera-R et al. (2024 b). Female (ECFN 13746). Total length: 30.13; carapace length: 11.92; width 9.73, abdomen length 18.21. Live coloration: overall coloration black, covered by black decumbent erected setae and reddish erected setae (Fig. 8). Carapace elongated oval, dark reddish brown densely covered recumbent black setae, pars cephalica flat; fovea straight (Fig. 9 B). Eyes on low mound: AME 0.38, ALE 0.3744 PLE 0.34, PLE 0.40: PME - PME 0.92. Labium orange with 62 cuspules; endites orange with 177 cuspules covering 21 % of surface; anterior lobe moderately extended (Fig. 9 C). Chelicerae orange covered with dark erected setae, with retromarginal 14 teeth, and &lt;50 intermarginal denticles. Sternum: 4.57 length, 5.07 width; labio-sternal mound joined; with three elongated oval sigillae not close to margin (Fig. 9 C). Leg measurements: I 33.40 (9.79 / 5.59 / 7.71 / 5.70 / 4.61); II 30.65 (8.79 / 4.51 / 7.33 / 5.99 / 4.03); III 29.04 (7.48 / 3.03 / 6.10 / 7.99 / 4.44); IV 40.99 (9.94 / 4.21 / 9.46 / 12.34 / 5.04); leg formula 4123. Tarsus fully scopulate separated with thick, longer setae; metatarsal scopula I 80 %, II 50 %, III 25 %, IV 5 %. Spination: femur I d 0-0 - 1, II d 0-0 - 1, III d 0-0 - 2, IV d 0-0 - 1; tibia I v 0-0 - 2 (apical), II v 0-0 - 2 (apical), III p 0-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 0-1 - 3 (apical), IV p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1 - 1, v 0-1 - 2 - 3 (apical); metatarsus I v 0-1 - 3 (apical), II p 0-1 - 1, v 2-1 - 2 (apical), III p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 1-1 - 1 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 3 (apical), IV p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 1-2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 1 - 3 (apical). Abdomen ovoid covered with dark brown recumbent setae and reddish erected setae (Fig. 9 A); urticating setae type Id (0.57 mm) dorso-centrally (Fig. 36 B) and type Ib (0.57 mm) dorso-basally (Fig. 36 C). Spinnerets: PMS 1.50; PLS 5.31 (1.88 / 1.30 / 2.13). Internal genitalia with dual spermathecae on wide base, 3 × longer than wide; spermathecal head oval, separated by 1.25 × their diameter; guard plates triangular separated by half their length (Fig. 10 A, B).</p><p>Variation.</p><p>Female body length: 30.00–30.13, x 30.01, n = 2; carapace length 11.80–11.92, x 11.86, n = 2.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only found at the type locality, Pichincha Province, Ecuador.</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>Specimens were collected between 1250–1547 m in low montane evergreen forest of the Western Cordillera (BsBn 04) (Iglesias et al. 2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/651EAD70AC65586C992E30A0E9193A18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dupérré, Nadine;Tapia, Elicio;Salazar-Valenzuela, David	Dupérré, Nadine, Tapia, Elicio, Salazar-Valenzuela, David (2026): New Theraphosinae from Ecuador: description of five species (Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae, Romopelma, and Homoeomma) with the establishment of a new genus. Evolutionary Systematics 10 (2): 217-261, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.196576
CEBF890FB8BC574298F5E9FD4744DFE1.text	CEBF890FB8BC574298F5E9FD4744DFE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Romopelma chirapa Duperre & Tapia 2026	<div><p>Romopelma chirapa Dupérré &amp; Tapia sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 36 C – F, 39</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: 1 ♂ from Ecuador, Cotopaxi province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.00035&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.41433" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.00035/lat -0.41433)">OTONGA Biological Reserve</a> (-00.41433, -79.00035) 1888 m, pitfall trap, 25 May – 8 June 2014, E. Tapia, C. Tapia, N. Dupérré, ECFN 12567 (QCAZ) . Paratypes: Ecuador • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.01495&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.42546" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.01495/lat -0.42546)">OTONGA Biological Reserve</a> (-00.41994, -79.00623) 1997 m, pitfall trap, 1 ♂, 25 Nov. 8 Dec. 2014, E. Tapia, C. Tapia, N. Dupérré, ECFN 12568 (ZMH -A 0032948) • (-00.42546, -79.01495) 2029 m, hand collecting, 1 ♀ with eggsac, 8 Nov. 2015, E. Tapia, C. Tapia, ECFN 12569 (QCAZ) • (-00.41395, -78.99085) 1728 m, hand collected under log in pasture, 1 ♀, 25 Nov. 2019, E. Tapia, ECFN 3869 (ZMH -A 00329489) • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.99085&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.41395" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.99085/lat -0.41395)">OTONGA Biological Reserve</a> (-00.41395, -78.99085) 1728 m, hand collected, 1 ♀, 7 Nov. 2015, E. Tapia, ECFN 903 (ZMH -A 0002994) .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet is a noun in apposition, invariable taken from the Kichwa meaning “ light rain with sun ” in reference to the habitat of the species.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Male are distinguished from R. barrigae by the absence of retrolateral tegular process (Fig. 13 B, D), present in the latter (Peñaherrera-R et al. 2024 b: fig 2 B, D); SA and PI elongated reaching below lower half of bulb (Fig. 14 A, C), whereas weakly developed in R. barrigae according to Peñaherrera-R et al. (2024 b). Females are distinguished from R. barrigae by their shorter spermathecae (2–2.5 × longer than wide) with rounded spermathecal head; guard plates closer, separated by less than half their length (Fig. 17 A – F) whereas spermathecae elongated (3 × longer than wide) with elongated oval spermathecal head; guard plates further apart, separated by half their length (Fig. 10 A – D) in the latter.</p><p>Description.</p><p>(Holotype male, ECFN 12567). Total length: 19.73; carapace length: 9.68; width 9.08, abdomen length 10.05. Carapace orange-brown, densely covered light orange setae; pyriform, pars cephalica flat; fovea straight (Fig. 11 B). Eyes on low mound: AME 0.27, ALE 0.39 PME 0.26, PLE 0.36, PME - PME 0.72. Chelicerae with 13 retromarginal teeth and 24 intermarginal denticles basally. Labium with 19 cuspules, endites with 61 cuspules, extending over 12 % of surface; anterior lobe moderately extended (Fig. 11 C). Sternum: 4.08, length, 4.22 width; labio-sternal mound joined; anterior sigillae small located near margin, median one elongated oval, located near margin and posterior pair elongated oval, larger not close to margin (Fig. 11 C). Leg measurements: I 32.23 (9.32 / 4.12 / 7.44 / 6.90 / 4.45); II 29.91 (8.75 / 3.76 / 6.53 / 6.45 / 4.42); III 27.95 (7.53 / 3.85 / 5.58 / 6.90 / 4.09); IV 34.77 (9.28 / 3.25 / 7.88 / 10.03 / 4.33); leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I d 0-0 - 1, II d 0-0 - 1, III d 0-0 - 2, IV d 0-0 - 1; tibia I p 0-0 - 1, v 0-2 - 4 (apical), II p 0-1 - 1, v 0-2 - 3 (apical), III p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 0-2 - 3 (apical), IV p 0-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 2-1 - 2 - 1 - 1 - 2 (apical); metatarsus I p 0-0 - 1, v 2-1 - 2 (apical), II p 0-1 - 1, v 1-1 - 2 - 1 - 3 (apical), III d 0-0 - 1, p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 2-1 - 2 - 2 - 3 (apical), IV d 0-0 - 2, p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 2-2 - 2 - 2 - 1 - 1 - 3 (apical). Tibial apophysis leg I absent (Fig. 12 C). Tarsi fully scopulate separated by thick setae; metatarsal scopula I 25 %, II 20 %, III 5 %, IV ascopulate. Abdomen elongated oval, light- brown covered with brown, short decumbent setae and long orange erected setae; urticating setae type Id (0.57) dorso-centrally (Fig. 36 D) and Ib (0.55) dorso-anteriorly. Spinnerets PMS 1.27, PLS 5.53 (2.16 / 1.51 / 1.86). Palpal tibia: 5.35 length, 1.82 width; spination p 2-2 (Fig. 12 A, B). Palp: cymbium bilobed with retrolateral basal apophysis (Fig. 12 D); palpal bulb with long, smooth prolateral inferior and superior keels reaching lower half of bulb (Fig. 14 A); EK keel long, two branches are overlapping; subapical keel long reaching bulb lower half, slight sinuated (Figs 7 B, 14 A, 14 C); retrolateral inferior keel, long and V-shaped (Fig. 14 D).</p><p>Female (Paratype, ECFN 12569) Total length: 28.23; carapace length: 10.93; width 9.57, abdomen length 17.30. Live coloration. Overall coloration dark chocolate brown, covered by dark black recumbent setae and red erected setae (Fig. 15). Carapace elongated oval, dark reddish brown densely covered with dark recumbent setae pars cephalica; fovea as in male (Fig. 16 A). Eyes on low mound: AME 0.33, ALE 0.37, PME 0.29, PLE 0.35, PME - PME 0.87. Chelicerae dark reddish-brown with 14 retromarginal teeth, and 45 intermarginal denticles. Labium, endites and sternum orange; labium with 54 cuspules; endites with ~ 194 cuspules, extending over 12 % of endites surface; anterior lobe moderately extended (Fig. 16 C). Sternum: 4.19 length, 4.57 width; labio-sternal mound joined; with three oval sigillae not close to margin (Fig. 16 C). Leg measurements: I 29.29 (9.11 / 4.39 / 7.23 / 5.72 / 3.84); II 28.05 (8.46 / 4.28 / 5.19 / 6.45 / 3.67); III 27.39 (7.03 / 4.33 / 5.87 / 6.65 / 3.51); IV 39.08 (11.11 / 4.08 / 8.53 / 10.35 / 5.01); leg formula 4123. Tarsi fully scopulate separated by thick, elongated setae; metatarsal scopula I 70 %, II 50 %, III 25 %, IV 5 %. Spination: femur I d 0-0 - 1, II d 0-0 - 1, IV d 0-0 - 1; tibia I v 0-0 - 1 (apical), II v 0-0 - 2 (apical), III p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 1-1 - 2 (apical), IV p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 0-2 - 1 - 2 (apical); metatarsus I v 0-1 - 3 (apical), II p 0-1 - 1, v 0-2 - 3 (apical), III p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 0-1 - 1, v 2-1 - 2 - 2 - 3 (apical), IV p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 2-2 - 1 - 2 - 1 - 3 (apical). Abdomen elongated oval, dark brown covered with dark brown recumbent setae and orange erected setae (Fig. 16 A); urticating setae type Id (0.55) dorso-centrally (Fig. 36 E, F) and Ib (0.54) dorso-basally (Fig. 36 E). Spinnerets: PMS 1.10; PLS 5.21 (1.83 / 1.35 / 2.03). Internal genitalia with dual spermathecae on wide base, spermathecae 2–2.5 × longer than wide; spermathecal head rounded, separated by 1.25 × their diameter; guard plates triangular, separated by less than half their length (Fig. 17 A, B).</p><p>Variation.</p><p>Male body length: 19.69–19.73, x 19.71, n = 2; carapace length: 9.48–9.69, x 9.59, n = 2; female body length: 27.56–28.23, x 27.90, n = 2; carapace length 10.81–10.93, x 10.87, n = 2.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only found at the type locality, Cotopaxi Province, Ecuador.</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>Specimens were collected between 1278–2029 m and occur in evergreen mountain forest of the Western Cordillera (BsMn 03) (Iglesias et al. 2013). A female specimen was collected in November carrying a large egg sac, suggesting potential reproductive period.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CEBF890FB8BC574298F5E9FD4744DFE1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dupérré, Nadine;Tapia, Elicio;Salazar-Valenzuela, David	Dupérré, Nadine, Tapia, Elicio, Salazar-Valenzuela, David (2026): New Theraphosinae from Ecuador: description of five species (Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae, Romopelma, and Homoeomma) with the establishment of a new genus. Evolutionary Systematics 10 (2): 217-261, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.196576
1C91643081BD535FBD886312FA98F39B.text	1C91643081BD535FBD886312FA98F39B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Romopelma Penaherrera-R 2024	<div><p>Genus Romopelma Peñaherrera-R et al., 2024</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Romopelma barrigae Peñaherrera-R et al. 2024 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Modified from Peñaherrera-R et al. (2024 b). Males and females are distinguished from Cyclosternum, Cymbiapophysa, Tandayarachne and Yunka gen. nov. by the combination of following characters: the presence of urticating setae type Id and type Ib dorsally (Fig. 36 B, C, E); males are further distinguished by the absence of a tibial apophysis on leg I (Fig. 12 C); palpal bulb without dorsal median depression; SA keel long reaching bulb lower half, slight sinuated; a unique RI keel, long and V-shaped (Fig. 14 C, D) whereas RI keel short or absent in other genera (Fig. 35 A – D) (Peñaherrera-R. et al. 2024: fig. 3, 22–33; Peñaherrera-R and Guayasamin 2025: figs 3, 15). Females are further distinguished by their internal genitalia with their short spermathecae 1.5 × as long as wide, and triangular guard plates (Figs 10 A, 17 A), whereas rectangular to square, or fused guard plates in Yunka gen. nov. (Figs 23 A, 25 C).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Ecuador.</p><p>Composition.</p><p>Romopelma barrigae and Romopelma chirapa sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C91643081BD535FBD886312FA98F39B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dupérré, Nadine;Tapia, Elicio;Salazar-Valenzuela, David	Dupérré, Nadine, Tapia, Elicio, Salazar-Valenzuela, David (2026): New Theraphosinae from Ecuador: description of five species (Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae, Romopelma, and Homoeomma) with the establishment of a new genus. Evolutionary Systematics 10 (2): 217-261, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.196576
54DED5D9C8B35119B306E02DD9997D5E.text	54DED5D9C8B35119B306E02DD9997D5E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Yunka baboso Duperre & Tapia 2026	<div><p>Yunka baboso Dupérré &amp; Tapia sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 E, H, 32 C, D, 33 E, 34 E, 35 D, 38 A – D, 40</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: 1 ♂ from Ecuador, Esmeraldas Province, Alto Tambo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.5737&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.91111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.5737/lat 0.91111)">Reserva Otokiki</a> (00.91111, -78.57370) 655 m, March 2015, E. Tapia, ECFN 895 (QCAZ) . Paratype: 1 ♂, Alto Tambo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.581&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.910389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.581/lat 0.910389)">Reserva Otokiki</a> (0.910389, -78.581000) 700 m, 17 July 2025, hand collecting, E. Tapia, A. Guasti, ECFN 12199 (ZMH -A 0032856) • Carchi Province, 1 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.45061&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.904459" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.45061/lat 0.904459)">Communidad del Rio Baboso</a> (0.904459, -78.450611) 951 m, 15 Feb. 2018, hole on roadside talus, bosque secundary humid forest, E. Tapia, ECFN 063 (ZMH -A 0002688) • 1 ♀, same data as previous, ECFN 062 (QCAZ) .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the locality Rio Baboso.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Males and females most resemble Y. suenos sp. nov. and Y. guasaganda sp. nov. but males are distinguished from both species by the absence of tibia I without apophysis (Fig. 30 E) present in the latter (Fig. 30 A – D). Females are distinguished by their barbell-shaped spermathecae, separated by 3.4 × time their width (at constriction point) (Fig. 29 A – D), whereas L-shaped spermathecae in the latter (Figs 23 B, 25 D).</p><p>Description.</p><p>(Male holotype, ECFN 895). Total length: 26.88; carapace length: 13.62; width 11.83, abdomen length 13.26. Carapace dark reddish brown, densely covered with yellowish setae; pars cephalica flat; fovea straight (Fig. 26 B). Eyes: AME 0.48, ALE 0.53, PME 0.30, PLE 0.37, PME - PME 1.14. Chelicerae dark reddish-brown densely covered with recumbent yellowish setae; retromargin with nine teeth, with ~ 20 intermarginal denticles. Labium dark reddish brown with 10 cuspules; endites reddish brown with ~ 125 cuspules covering 19 % of surface (Fig. 26 C). Sternum light brown: 6.30 length, 5.57 width; labio-sternal mound separated; with three oval sigillae, anterior and median closer to margin, posterior one distant from margin (Fig. 26 C). Leg measurements: I 52.31 (14.41 / 5.75 / 12.81 / 11.39 / 7.95); II 48.93 (13.61 / 5.50 / 11.19 / 11.16 / 7.47); III 42.62 (11.83 / 4.97 / 9.19 / 10.19 / 6.44); IV 56.21 (14.47 / 6.01 / 13.11 / 16.09 / 6.53); leg formula 4123. All tarsi with scopula, separate by thick setae on leg III – IV, metatarsal scopula I 90 %, II 80 %, III 45 %, IV 10 %. Spination: femur I d 0-0 - 1, II d 0-0 - 1, III, d 0-0 - 2, IV, d 0-0 - 1; tibia I p, 0-1 - 1, v 2-1 - 3 (apical), II p 1-1 - 1, v 2-1 - 3 (apical), III p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 2-2 - 3 (apical); IV p 0-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1 - 1, v 2-1 - 2 - 1 - 3 (apical); metatarsus I v 0-1 - 2 (apical), II v 0-1 - 3 (apical), III p 0-1 - 1, r 0-1 - 1, v 2-2 - 3 (apical); IV, p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1 - 1 - 1, v 1-1 - 2 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 3 (apical). Leg I with tibial apophysis without apophysis (Fig. 30 E). Abdomen elongated oval covered with dark brown decumbent setae and black and reddish-orange erected setae (Fig. 26 A); urticating setae type dorso-basally Ia (0.35 mm) (Fig. 38 A) and Ib (0.58 mm) (Fig. 38 B). Spinnerets measurements: PMS 1.09; PLS 6.38 (2.29 / 1.47 / 2.62). Palpal tibia 7.63 length, 2.45 width; spination: 5 p, d 2 (apical) (Fig. 27 A, B); cymbium bilobed (Fig. 30 H); tegular heel large; bulb with elongated PS smooth, disjunct and reaching lower half and curving and reaching upper half, disjunct medially and going upward; PI reaching below mid-point, PI serrated apically, disjunct medially; converging EK (Fig. 34 E); elongated serrated SA forming a large ventral plate (Figs 27 C, 32 C, 33 E); RS straight and short (Figs 27 D, 32 D, 35 D).</p><p>Female (paratype, ECFN 063) Total length: 39.62; carapace length: 18.58; width 15.87, abdomen length 21.04. Carapace as in male: pars cephalica flat densely covered with yellowish setae; fovea straight (Fig. 28 B). Eyes: AME 0.55, ALE 0.54, PME 0.46, PLE 0.54, PME - PME 1.40. Chelicerae as in males, with 13 teeth retromarginal teeth,&gt; 50 intermarginal denticles. Labium, endites and sternum as in male (Fig. 28 C), labium with 42 cuspules; endites with 89 cuspules covering 16 % of surface. Sternum as in male (Fig. 28 C): 7.25 length, 6.45 width. Leg measurements: I 45.40 (13.39 / 6.41 / 9.68 / 9.71 / 6.21); II 43.57 (11.80 / 6.19 / 9.57 / 9.67 / 6.34); III 42.51 (10.98 / 5.73 / 8.82 / 10.39 / 6.59); IV 57.54 (15.31 / 7.10 / 12.52 / 16.04 / 6.57); leg formula 4123. All tarsi with scopula, separated by thicker, longer setae on leg III – IV; metatarsal scopula I 100 %, II 100 %, III 45 %, IV 10 %. Spination: femur I d 0-0 - 1, II d 0-0 - 1, III, d 0-0 - 1, IV, d 0-0 - 1; tibia I p 0-0 - 1, v 1-1 - 2 (apical), II p 0-1 - 1, v 0-2 - 3 (apical), III p 1-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 0-2 - 3 (apical); IV p 0-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 1-1 - 3 (apical); metatarsus I v 1-1 - 3 (apical), II v 1-2 - 2 (apical), III p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 0-1 - 1, v 1-2 - 2 - 1 - 3 (apical); IV p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 1-1 - 2 - 1 - 2 - 1 - 2 - 1 - 3 (apical). Abdomen as in male (Fig. 28 A); with urticating setae type dorso-centrally with urticating setae type I (0.37 mm) (Fig. 38 D) and dorso-anterior with urticating setae type Ia (0.16 mm) (Fig. 38 C). Spinnerets measurements: PMS 2.09; PLS 2.21 / 2.30 / 3.13. Internal genitalia with dual, barbell-shaped spermathecae, with middle constriction, separated by 3.4 × time their width (at constriction point); guard plates elongated rectangular, separated (Fig. 29 A, B).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known from Ecuador, Esmeraldas and Carchi provinces.</p><p>Variation.</p><p>Male body length: 26.88–35.89, x 31.38, n = 2; carapace length 13.62–15.69, x 14.65, n = 2; female body length: 26.83–39.62, x 33.22, n = 2; carapace length 13.59–18.58, x 16.08, n = 2.</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>Specimens were collected between 655–951 m and inhabit the evergreen foothills forest of the Western Cordillera (BsPn 01) (Guevara and Morales 2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/54DED5D9C8B35119B306E02DD9997D5E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dupérré, Nadine;Tapia, Elicio;Salazar-Valenzuela, David	Dupérré, Nadine, Tapia, Elicio, Salazar-Valenzuela, David (2026): New Theraphosinae from Ecuador: description of five species (Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae, Romopelma, and Homoeomma) with the establishment of a new genus. Evolutionary Systematics 10 (2): 217-261, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.196576
2DB2B199858852218F36E58FF48EE813.text	2DB2B199858852218F36E58FF48EE813.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Yunka Duperre & Tapia 2026	<div><p>Yunka Dupérré &amp; Tapia gen. nov.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Yunka suenos Dupérré &amp; Tapia, sp. nov.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The generic epithet is a noun, invariable, taken from the Kichwa language “ yunka ” meaning from the coastal region, in reference to member of the genus being found in the Ecuadorian coastal region. The gender is feminine.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Males and females are distinguished from Cyclosternum, Cymbiapophysa and Tandayarachne by their undivided tarsal scopula on leg I-II (Fig. 21 E) (not from Cymbiapophysa otongachi and C. velox both have undivided tarsal scopula on leg I – II). Males are further distinguished by the combination of the following characters: tibial apophysis absent ( Yunka baboso sp. nov., Fig. 30 E) if present, with ventral elongated branch bearing a short apical megaspine and long basal megaspine, dorsal branch reduced, with or without megaspine (Fig. 30 A – D) (in some cases, on the same specimen the dorsal megaspine was present on the left but absent on the right side), whereas tibial apophysis with ventral and dorsal branch of about equal size in Cyclosternum (Peñaherrera-R. et al. 2024 a: fig. 7), ventral branch longer than dorsal branch in Cymbiapophysa (Peñaherrera-R and Ghia 2025: fig. 5), Tandayarachne (Peñaherrera-R and Guayasamin 2025, fig. 13 B). Females are distinguished from Cyclosternum and Cymbiapophysa by their short dual spermathecae, L-shaped spermathecae or straight, with square to rectangle guard plates (Figs 23 A, 25 C, 29 A); whereas Cyclosternum and Cymbiapophysa with rounded, oval or triangular spermathecal head with triangular or elongated rectangular guard plates (Gabriel 2016: fig. 69; Peñaherrera-R. et al. 2024 a: fig. 14).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Medium to large mygalomorph spider (total length male, 23.90–31.38; total length female 34.45–39.62); carapace elongate oval; pars cephalica flat, fovea straight (Fig. 19 B, 22 B); eyes on low mound. Labium excavated, with 10–42 cuspules; endites with 71–125 cuspules restricted to 13–19 % surface of the endites, anterior lobe moderately developed (Fig. 22 C, 26 C). Sternum longer than wide, labio-sternal mound joined or separated; anterior and median closer to margin, posterior one distant from margin (Fig. 22 C, 24 B). Males dorsally with abdominal urticating setae type Ia (Fig. 38 A) and Ib (Fig. 38 B); females dorsally with type I (Fig. 38 D), and Ia (Fig. 38 C). Legs with undivided tarsal scopula on leg I – II (Fig. 21 E); metatarsal scopula present on all legs. Males with tibial apophysis absent or if present, with ventral elongated branch bearing a short apical megaspine and long basal megaspine, dorsal branch reduced, with or without megaspine. Male palpal tibia straight, without spines retolaterally, with spines prolaterally and dorsally (Figs 20 A, 20 B, 27 A, 27 B); cymbium bilobed with small retrolateral apophysis (Fig. 30 F – H); bulb with narrow, elongated embolus; tegular heel large; with elongated PS smooth, disjunct and reaching lower half and curving and reaching upper half; PI long, reaching below lower half, smooth to serrated apically, disjunct medially; short converging EK; elongated SA, reaching below lower half, serrated to undulate forming a large ventral plate (Figs 7 D, 20 C, 20 D, 31 A – F). Females with L-shaped or barbell-shaped spermathecae, with slight constriction, square to rectangle guard plates (Figs 23 B, 25 D, 29 B); spermathecal head oval to mushroom shape; guard plates rectangular to square, fused to separated (Figs 23 B, 23 D, 29 D).</p><p>Composition.</p><p>Yunka suenos sp. nov., Yunka guasaganda sp. nov. and, Yunka baboso sp. nov.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Ecuador.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2DB2B199858852218F36E58FF48EE813	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dupérré, Nadine;Tapia, Elicio;Salazar-Valenzuela, David	Dupérré, Nadine, Tapia, Elicio, Salazar-Valenzuela, David (2026): New Theraphosinae from Ecuador: description of five species (Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae, Romopelma, and Homoeomma) with the establishment of a new genus. Evolutionary Systematics 10 (2): 217-261, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.196576
3E4C0BDB9DE25714A781F979795BFC5A.text	3E4C0BDB9DE25714A781F979795BFC5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Yunka guasaganda Duperre & Tapia 2026	<div><p>Yunka guasaganda Dupérré &amp; Tapia sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 24, 25, 30 D, G, 32 A, B, 33 D, 34 D, 35 C, 37 D – F, 40</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: 1 ♂ from Ecuador, Cotopaxi Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.18334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.7781" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.18334/lat -0.7781)">Guasaganda</a> (-00.77810, -79.18334) 493 m, 8 May 2019, hand collected in hotel room, E. Tapia, ECFN 1297 (QCAZ) . Paratype: same data as holotype, 1 ♀ collected under log, E. Tapia, ECFN 1295 (QCAZ) .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Males and females most resemble Y. suenos sp. nov. but are distinguished by the combination of following characters; male palpal tibia with two dorsal spines (Fig. 30 G), whereas&gt; 5 spines in the latter (Fig. 30 F); male bulb with SA 4 × longer than wide (Fig. 32 A); whereas bulb with SA 7 × longer than wide in Y. suenos sp. nov. (Fig. 31 A – F). Females are distinguished by internal genitalia with spermathecae separated by 4 × their width (at constriction point) (Fig. 25 C, D), whereas separated 2.7–3.0 × their width (at constriction point) in the latter (Fig. 23 A – F).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.</p><p>Description.</p><p>(Male holotype). Total length: 23.90; carapace length: 11.15; width 10.09, abdomen length 12.75. Coloration from specimen in ethanol: carapace dark brown covered with recumbent yellowish setae; with darker longitudinal bands and along radiating lines; pars cephalica flat; fovea straight (Fig. 24 A). Eyes: AME 0.44, ALE 0.40, PME 0.33, PLE 0.43, PME - PME 0.87. Chelicerae dark brown densely covered with recumbent yellowish setae; retromargin with 12 teeth, with ~ 23 intermarginal denticles. Labium orange-brown, with 25 cuspules; endites orange-brown with ~ 78 cuspules covering 13 % of surface (Fig. 24 B). Sternum: 4.95 length, 4.90 width; labio-sternal mound joined; with three oval sigillae, anterior and median closer to margin, posterior one distant from margin (Fig. 24 B). Leg measurements: I 33.66 (11.78 / 6.26 / 9.74 / 8.49 / 9.17); II 27.18 (10.01 / 3.93 / 8.61 / 8.67 / 5.97); III 24.69 (8.91 / 3.53 / 6.70 / 9.01 / 5.45); IV 34.22 (12.26 / 4.49 / 10.95 / 12.97 / 5.81); leg formula 4123. All tarsi with scopula, separate by thick, long setae on leg III-IV; metatarsal scopula I 90 %, II 70 %, III 45 %, IV 15 %. Leg I with tibial apophysis with ventral elongated branch with short apical megaspine and long basal megaspine, dorsal branch reduced, without megaspine (Fig. 30 D), to be noted on the right leg I, the reduced dorsal branch has a short megaspine. Spination: femur I d 0-0 - 1, II d 0-0 - 1, III, d 0-0 - 2, IV, d 0-0 - 1; tibia I p, 1-1 - 1, v 2-1 - 1 - 2 (apical), II p 0-1 - 1, v 2-3 - 3 (apical), III p - 1-1 - 1, r 0-1 - 1, v 2-2 - 3 (apical); IV p 0-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1 - 1, v 1-1 - 1 - 2 - 1 - 5 (apical); metatarsus I v 0-2 - 3 (apical), II v 0-2 - 3 (apical), III p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 2-2 - 3 (apical); IV p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1 - 1 - 1, v 2-3 - 2 - 1 - 2 - 4 (apical). Abdomen ovoid; dorso-centrally with urticating setae type Ib (0.52 mm) (Fig. 37 D). Spinnerets measurements: PMS 1.28; PLS 5.38 (2.01 / 1.62 / 1.75). Palpal tibia: 5.81 length, 2.29 width; spination: 2 d, p 5 (apical). Palp: cymbium bilobed (Fig. 30 G); tegular heel large; bulb with elongated PS smooth, disjunct and reaching lower half and curving and reaching upper half; PI reaching below mid-point, PI serrated apically, disjunct medially; converging EK (Fig. 34 D); elongated serrated SA forming a large ventral plate (Figs 24 C – F, 33 D); RS straight and short (Fig. 35 C).</p><p>Female (paratype). Total length: 36.10; carapace length: 15.58; width 13.56, abdomen length 20.52. Carapace as in male (Fig. 25 A). Eyes: AME 0.50, ALE 0.48, PME 0.34, PLE 0.45, PME - PME 0.92. Chelicerae as in male; retromargin with 12 teeth, with&gt; 25 denticles intermarginal denticles. Labium and endites as male, labium with 27 cuspules; endites with 75 cuspules covering 14 % of surface (Fig. 25 B). Sternum as in male (Fig. 25 B): 6.92 length, 5.92 width. Leg: I 41.02 (11.74 / 6.07 / 9.35 / 7.66 / 6.20); II 37.66 (11.16 / 5.07 / 8.37 / 7.51 / 5.55); III 37.46 (9.46 / 4.56 / 7.30 / 10.04 / 6.10); IV 49.40 (12.57 / 5.49 / 10.48 / 14.07 / 6.79); leg formula 4123. All tarsi with scopula, separate by thick, longer setae on leg III-IV; metatarsal scopula I 100 %, II 90 %, III 45 %, IV 10 %. Spination: femur I d 0-0 - 1, II d 0-0 - 1, III, d 0-0 - 1, IV, d 0-0 - 1; tibia I p 0-0 - 1, v 0-1 - 2 (apical), II p 0-1 - 1, v 0-1 - 2 (apical), III p 0-1 - 1, r 0-1 - 1, v 0-2 - 3 (apical); IV p 0-1 - 1, r 0-1 - 1, v 0-2 - 3 (apical); metatarsus I v 1-1 - 3 (apical), II v 1-2 - 3 (apical),</p><p>III p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 0-1 - 1, v 2-1 - 2 - 1 - 3 (apical); IV p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 1-2 - 1 - 2 - 2 - 1 - 3 (apical).</p><p>Abdomen as in male, with urticating setae type Ia (0.17 mm) (Fig. 37 E) and urticating setae type I (0.23 mm) (Fig. 37 F). Spinnerets measurements: PMS 1.50; PLS 1.16 / 2.22 / 2.73. Internal genitalia with dual, L-shaped spermathecae, with middle constriction, separated by 4 × time their width (at constriction point); guard plates rectangular, not touching medially (Fig. 25 D).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only known from the type locality, Cotopaxi Province, Ecuador.</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>Specimens were collected at 493 m and inhabit the low foothills evergreen montane forest of the Western Cordillera (BsPn 01) (Guevara and Morales 2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E4C0BDB9DE25714A781F979795BFC5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dupérré, Nadine;Tapia, Elicio;Salazar-Valenzuela, David	Dupérré, Nadine, Tapia, Elicio, Salazar-Valenzuela, David (2026): New Theraphosinae from Ecuador: description of five species (Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae, Romopelma, and Homoeomma) with the establishment of a new genus. Evolutionary Systematics 10 (2): 217-261, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.196576
61332342F1A65D039998544AF1A67AB9.text	61332342F1A65D039998544AF1A67AB9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Yunka suenos Duperre & Tapia 2026	<div><p>Yunka suenos Dupérré &amp; Tapia sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 30 A – C, F, 31, 33 A – C, 34 A – C, 35 A, B, 37 A – C, 40</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: 1 ♂, Ecuador, Cotopaxi Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.2316&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.941219" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.2316/lat -0.941219)">La Mana</a> (-00.941219, -79.23160) 203 m, 15 April 2018, C. Tello, ECFN 1239 (QCAZ) . Paratypes: Ecuador • Cotopaxi Province: 1 ♀, La Mana, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.2962&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.837673" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.2962/lat -0.837673)">Jardin de los Sueños</a> (-00.837673, -79.2962) 562 m, 11 August 2025, hand collecting, E. Tapia, A. Tapia, N. Dupérré, ECFN 12342 (QCAZ) • Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Alluriquín: 1 ♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.03043&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.25254" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.03043/lat -0.25254)">La Florida</a> (-00.25254, -79.03043) 884 m, 21 Nov. 2015, E. Tapia (ZMH -A 0002969) • 1 ♂, 21 Oct. 2016, E. Tapia, N. Dupérré, ECFN 897 (ZMH -A 0002970) • 1 ♂, 20 Aug. 2016, E. Tapia, N. Dupérré, ECFN 13789 (QCAZ) • Pichincha Province: 1 ♀, La Union del Toachi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.95369&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.32268" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.95369/lat -0.32268)">Otongachi Reserve</a> (-00.32268, -78.95369) 892 m, 22 Feb. 2018, en huceo del suelo en el camino, E. Tapia, ECFN 101 (QCAZ) • 1 ♀, same data as previous, ECFN 102 (ZMH -A 0002687) • 1 ♀, same data as previous, ECFN 103 (QCAZ) .</p><p>Other material examined.</p><p>Pichincha Province: 1 ♀, La Union del Toachi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.950966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.321202" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.950966/lat -0.321202)">Centro Ambiental Otongachi</a> (-00.321202, -78.950968) 850 m, 1 May 2021, hand collected, G. Onore, ECFN 8174 (QCAZ) .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Males and females most resemble Y. guasaganda sp. nov. but are distinguished by the combination of the following characters: palpal tibia with&gt; 5 dorsal spines (Fig. 30 F) whereas only two dorsal spines in the latter (Fig. 30 G); male bulb with curved SA, 7 × longer than wide (Fig. 31 A, C, E); whereas 4 × longer than wide in the later (Fig. 32 A). Female with spermathecae separated by 2.7 × time their width (at constriction point) (Fig. 23 A – F), whereas separated by 4 × time their width (at constriction point) in Y. guasaganda sp. nov. (Fig. 25 C, D).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet is a noun in apposition, invariable taken from the type locality, la reserva Jardin de los Sueños, one of the last remaining foothills Chocó forest, for their efforts and contributions to the preservation of Ecuador’s remaining biodiversity.</p><p>Description.</p><p>(Male holotype). Total length: 26.62; carapace length: 13.22; width 11.16, abdomen length 13.41. Carapace dark brown densely covered with recumbent yellowish setae; pars cephalica flat; fovea straight (Fig. 19 B). Eyes: AME 0.43, ALE 0.48, PME 0.27, PLE 0.41, PME - PME 0.94. Chelicerae dark brown densely covered with recumbent yellowish setae, retromargin with 11 teeth, with ~ 18 intermarginal denticles. Labium orange-brown, with 12 cuspules; endites orange-brown with ~ 71 cuspules covering 14 % of surface (Fig. 19 C). Sternum orange-brown: 5.46 length, 4.99 width; labio-sternal mound joined; with three oval sigillae, anterior and median closer to margin, posterior one distant from margin (Fig. 19 C). Leg measurements: I 47.83 (13.35 / 5.53 / 12.08 / 9.92 / 6.95); II 43.47 (11.72 / 4.89 / 10.67 / 9.96 / 6.23); III 40.44 (10.92 / 4.32 / 8.19 / 10.21 / 6.80); IV 55.47 (14.32 / 5.36 / 12.62 / 16.96 / 6.21); leg formula 4123. All tarsi with scopula, separate by thick, long setae on leg III-IV; metatarsal scopula I 100 %, II 70 %, III 45 %, IV 20 %. Leg I with tibial apophysis with ventral elongated branch with short apical megaspine and long basal megaspine, dorsal branch reduced, with short megaspine (Fig. 30 A). Spination: femur I d 0-0 - 1, II d 0-0 - 1, III, d 0-0 - 1, IV, d 0-1 - 1; tibia I p 0-0 - 1, v 2-3 - 2 (apical), II p 0-0 - 1, v 3-2 - 3 (apical), III p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 0-1 - 1, v 2-2 - 2 (apical); IV p 1-1 - 1, r 0-1 - 1, v 1-1 - 1 - 2 - 1 - 3 (apical); metatarsus I v 0-1 - 3 (apical), II v 0-1 - 3 (apical), III p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 0-1 - 1, v 1-1 - 1 - 3 (apical); IV p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1 - 1 - 1, v 1-1 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 1 - 3 (apical). Abdomen ovoid (Fig. 19 A); dorso-laterally with urticating setae type Ib (0.61 mm) (Fig. 37 A). Spinnerets measurements: PMS 1.56; PLS 6.12 (2.17 / 1.58 / 2.37). Palpal tibia: 5.97 length, 2.62 width; spination: 6 p, d 8 (apical) (Fig. 20 A, B); cymbium bilobed (Fig. 30 F); tegular heel large; bulb with elongated PS, smooth, disjunct and reaching lower half and curving and reaching upper half; PI reaching below mid-point, PI slightly undulate apically, disjunct medially; converging EK; elongated serrated SA forming a large ventral plate (Figs 20 C, 31 A, 33 A, 34 A); RS straight and short (Figs 20 D, 31 B).</p><p>Female (paratype, ECFN 12342). Total length: 34.45; carapace length: 18.85; width 16.65, abdomen length 16.27. Carapace dark brown covered with recumbent yellowish setae; pars cephalica flat; fovea straight (Fig. 22 B). Eyes: AME 0.88, ALE 0.56, PME 0.37, PLE 0.37, PME - PME 1.52. Chelicerae as in male; 16 teeth, with&gt; 50 denticles intermarginal denticles. Labium as in male, with 25 cuspules; endites as in male, with ~ 95 cuspules covering 18 % of surface (Fig. 22 C). Sternum as in male (Fig. 22 C): 7.63 length, 6.03 width. Leg measurements: I 52.70 (15.29 / 7.86 / 12.62 / 9.86 / 7.07); II 48.54 (14.00 / 5.21 / 11.66 / 9.79 / 7.88); III 47.14 (12.06 / 4.99 / 9.94 / 12.79 / 6.36); IV 60.13 (16.31 / 6.45 / 13.80 / 15.73 / 7.84); leg formula 4123. All tarsi with scopula, separate by thick setae on leg III – IV, metatarsal scopula I 100 %, II 100 %, III 50 %, IV 45 %. Spination: femur I d 0-0 - 1, II d 0-0 - 1, III, d 0-0 - 2, IV, d 0-0 - 1; tibia I v 0-1 - 3 (apical), II p 0-0 - 1, v 0-1 - 3 (apical), III p 0-1 - 1, r 0-1 - 1, v 0-1 - 3 (apical); IV p 0-1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1 - 1, v 0-2 - 4 (apical); metatarsus I v 0-1 - 3 (apical), II v 2-1 - 3 (apical), III p 1-1 - 2, r 1-1 - 1, v 1-2 - 1 - 2 - 2 - 3 (apical); IV p 1-1 - 1 - 1, r 1-1 - 1, v 2-2 - 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 (apical). Abdomen ovoid (Fig. 22 A); dorso-centrally with urticating setae type I (0.30 mm) (Fig. 37 C) and dorso-anterior with urticating setae type Ia (0.19 mm) (Fig. 37 B). Spinnerets measurements: PMS 1.52; PLS 2.57 / 1.86 / 3.15. Internal genitalia with dual, L-shaped spermathecae, with middle constriction, separated by 2.7 × time their width (at constriction point); guard plates rectangular, touching medially (Fig. 23 A, B).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known from Ecuador, Cotopaxi, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, and Pichincha provinces.</p><p>Variation.</p><p>Male body length: 26.62–30.71, x 29.39, n = 4; carapace length 13.22–15.53, x 14.89, n = 4; female body length: 30.18–39.15, x 33.76, n = 5; carapace length 15.34–18.86, x 16.34, n = 5.</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>Specimens were collected between 203 to 892 m and inhabit the evergreen foothill forest on the Western Cordillera of the Andes (BsPn 01) (Guevara and Morales 2013). Females were collected in holes in the ground and are considered fossorial, males were collected wandering.</p><p>Note.</p><p>Urticating setae type Ia (0.54 mm) positioned dorso-centrally were found on the male (ECFN 897) the holotype male abdomen was without setae dorso-centrally.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/61332342F1A65D039998544AF1A67AB9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dupérré, Nadine;Tapia, Elicio;Salazar-Valenzuela, David	Dupérré, Nadine, Tapia, Elicio, Salazar-Valenzuela, David (2026): New Theraphosinae from Ecuador: description of five species (Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae, Romopelma, and Homoeomma) with the establishment of a new genus. Evolutionary Systematics 10 (2): 217-261, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.196576
