identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
56E2C86C735D5E9B93CD7CDE02DF976A.text	56E2C86C735D5E9B93CD7CDE02DF976A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hepialus humuli (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Hepialus humuli (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>GEORGIA • 1 ♂; Khevsureti (without exact locality); 1800 m. a. s. l.; 12 July 1970; leg: E. Didmanidze; Simon Janashia Museum of Georgia (SJMG) ; • 1 ♂; Martvili; 4 July 1962; leg: E. Didmanidze; SJMG ; • 1 ♀; Bakhmaro; 18 July 1961; leg: E. Didmanidze; SJMG .</p><p>Recent examination of the Lepidoptera collection housed in the Simon Janashia Museum of Georgia has yielded several specimens of Hepialus Fabricius, 1775 . The material comprises two males and a single female of Hepialus humuli (Linnaeus, 1758), from the Georgian regions of Mtskheta-Mtianeti (Khevsureti), Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti (Martvili), and Guria (Bakhmaro). These records are significant as they suggest that H. humuli has been present in Georgia for at least 64 years, although it has rarely been collected, probably owing to its crepuscular lifestyle and occurrence in remote mountainous regions. The species is widespread across Europe and eastwards to central Siberia (Simonsen and Huemer 2014; Grehan and Knyazev 2019). In western Eurasia, the southern distributional limit of H. humuli is along the Pyrenees and north of the Mediterranean along the European Alps, Balkans, and north of the Black Sea. Its presence in the Caucasus (North Ossetia) was reported by Dobronosov and Komarov (2017), suggesting that its occurrence in northern Georgia was to be expected. The Georgian record, long overlooked, raises the question as to whether the species may also occur further south in Central Asia, particularly in Kazakhstan and adjacent countries.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/56E2C86C735D5E9B93CD7CDE02DF976A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi;Makharadze, Giorgi;Petrov, Valeri;Grehan, John R.	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Makharadze, Giorgi, Petrov, Valeri, Grehan, John R. (2026): New Light on Old Ghosts: First Record of the genus Hepialus Fabricius, 1775 (Lepidoptera, Hepialidae) from Georgia. Caucasiana 5: 25-29, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.5.e176387
