identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
59D422715782522DBAE4180CAB9D0106.text	59D422715782522DBAE4180CAB9D0106.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Baltoparalethus alessioboninoi Schall & Husemann & Bonino 2026	<div><p>Baltoparalethus alessioboninoi sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 2</p><p>Etymology. —</p><p>The species is named after Alessio Bonino, the son of the senior author of this study.</p><p>Locality and horizon. —</p><p>Baltic Sea coast, Yantarny settlement (formerly Palmnicken), Sambia (Samland) Peninsula, Kaliningrad Region, Russia.</p><p>Material. —</p><p>Holotype, male. Currently in the collection of the Back to the Past Museum, Cancún, Mexico, coll. no. BPM 1134. To be transferred to a paleontological museum facility in Miami, USA within the next two years . It is possible that the holotype represents a nymph, but given the currently limited knowledge of the genital morphology of fossil Eumastacoidea at different developmental stages, this is uncertain. There are also no wing pads visible, which would help determine the stage of the specimen.</p><p>Diagnosis. —</p><p>As for genus (monotypical).</p><p>Description. —</p><p>As for genus (monotypical). See comment made above for the “ diagnosis / description ” of the genus.</p><p>Measurements [mm]. —</p><p>Body length (front of head to tip of cercus) 8.0. Head height 2.7. Height of compound eye 1.1, width 0.68. Antenna length (including scape and pedicel) ca. 1.9. Length of maxillary palpus ca. 0.41. Pronotum length (along dorsal line in lateral view) 1.3; height (maximum height in lateral view) 0.64. Thoracic height below pronotum 1.45. Mesotibia 1.56 long. Mesotarsus 1.23 long (0.4 / 0.12 / 0.71 for 1 / 2 / 3 segment; length of third segment including pulvillus). Metafemur 4.6 long, 0.65 wide (maximum width). Metatibia 2.85 long. Metatarsus 1.85 long (1.0 / 0.28 / 0.57). Cercus 0.68 long. Supra-anal plate 0.45 long.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/59D422715782522DBAE4180CAB9D0106	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Schall, Ole-Kristian Odin;Husemann, Martin;Bonino, Enrico	Schall, Ole-Kristian Odin, Husemann, Martin, Bonino, Enrico (2026): The first monkey hopper (Orthoptera, Eumastacoidea) from Eocene Baltic amber. Journal of Orthoptera Research 35 (2): 267-276, DOI: 10.3897/jor.35.188742
EB657AC792845259BB1F761DF96B918A.text	EB657AC792845259BB1F761DF96B918A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Baltoparalethus Schall & Husemann & Bonino 2026	<div><p>Genus Baltoparalethus gen. nov.</p><p>Type species. —</p><p>Baltoparalethus alessioboninoi sp. nov.</p><p>Etymology. —</p><p>Named after its origin from Baltic amber in combination with the extant Episactinae genus Paralethus Rowell &amp; Perez-Gelabert, 2006, to which it bears some resemblance, namely characters 6 and 7 from the list above.</p><p>Diagnosis and description. —</p><p>Because the most important morphological character of diagnostic value for the taxonomy of Eumastacoidea (i. e., the structure of the male internal genitalia [Descamps 1973, Rowell and Perez-Gelabert 2006]) is generally unavailable in fossils, isolating characters relevant to the diagnosis of fossil monkey hoppers remains problematic. Hence, until more knowledge about the group is acquired from new fossil discoveries or research on extant Eumastacoidea, the diagnosis of the new genus described herein matches its description. Due to the current monotypy of the genus, the diagnosis and description also account for the species until more species of Baltoparalethus are described.</p><p>Head: Antennae with 11 flagellomeres; tip of the distal-most flagellomere bearing the antennal organ. Lateral and median ocelli present. Maxillary palpi five-segmented. Fastigium and frons with two prominent lateral carinae, which fuse at the transition from fastigium to frons; frontal carinae forming a supraclypeal trapezium at the base of the frons. Short base of a medial carina just below the fastigium.</p><p>Thorax: Pronotum longer than high in lateral view; rectangular in dorsal view, posterior margin not emarginated. Pronotum covers ca. half of the thoracic height. Meso- and metanotum conspicuous, clearly distinct from abdominal tergites. Shorter and not as deep as pronotum; mesonotum about half the length of metanotum (in dorsal view). Apterous.</p><p>Legs: Pro- and mesotibiae with several edges of small spines. Metafemur slender. Metatibia dorsally with 19 larger spines of variable size; apically with two inner and two outer spurs; the 4 th spur (which is the innermost) is the largest. All tarsi three-segmented with the second tarsomere significantly shorter than the others and third tarsomere longer than the first two combined. First tarsomere with five small dorsal spines on the inner margin. First and second tarsomere with tarsal pads. Third tarsomere with two claws and a large round arolium between them.</p><p>Abdomen: External genitalia with supra-anal plate narrow-triangular; cerci heavily setulose with long setae, covered in tiny denticles and one larger inner tooth toward the apex; epiproct not clearly visible, but with small spines at the apex; paraproct broad-triangular; last abdominal sternite deeply emarginate; subgenital plate with deep ventral suture; directed upwards; apex with upward fold and three spines on the outside; epiproct, paraprocts, and upwards fold of subgenital plate create image of a “ perfectly closed entrance ”; all parts of the external genitalia with conspicuous strong setae (of the paraproct and epiproct only the outer margins are setulose; of the subgenital plate only the outer margins and the inside margins of the deep suture are setulose).</p><p>Remarks. —</p><p>Among fossil Eumastacoidea, Baltoparalethus differs from most genera described so far by the absence of wings. The only two genera that share this condition are Paleomastacris Perez-Gelabert et al., 1997 from Miocene Dominican amber and Burmeumastax Husemann, Schall, Uchida &amp; Kotthoff, 2025 from mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber. Baltoparalethus differs from Paleomastacris (also a member of Episactidae, but assigned to the subfamily Espagnolinae Rehn &amp; Rehn, 1939) by having more antennal flagellomeres (11 vs. 8) as well as the subgenital plate not being divided into two equal triangular parts (Perez-Gelabert et al. 1997). Since Paleomastacris lived ca. 25–30 Ma after Baltoparalethus, the reduction in antennal flagellomere number as well as the deep suture found in the subgenital plate of Baltoparalethus compared to the fully divided subgenital plate of Paleomastacris may indicate the transitionary state of Baltoparalethus in Episactidae evolution.</p><p>Baltoparalethus differs from Burmeumastax in several aspects of the external genitalia morphology. Although this structure is not entirely clear in Burmeumastax, the Myanmar genus misses the apical upward fold of the subgenital plate; additionally, the structure identified by Husemann et al. (2025) as the last abdominal tergite of Burmeumastax exhibits a seemingly multi-plated structure not seen in Baltoparalethus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EB657AC792845259BB1F761DF96B918A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Schall, Ole-Kristian Odin;Husemann, Martin;Bonino, Enrico	Schall, Ole-Kristian Odin, Husemann, Martin, Bonino, Enrico (2026): The first monkey hopper (Orthoptera, Eumastacoidea) from Eocene Baltic amber. Journal of Orthoptera Research 35 (2): 267-276, DOI: 10.3897/jor.35.188742
