identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
9A5F878AFF80FFC4F0B82DBBD1E33EC8.text	9A5F878AFF80FFC4F0B82DBBD1E33EC8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aspalathus chlorina C. H. Stirt. & Muasya 2025	<div><p>1. Aspalathus chlorina C.H.Stirt. &amp; Muasya, sp. nov. (Fig. 1)</p><p>Aspalathus sp. nov. (chlorina ms.) in Euston-Brown &amp; Kruger, Plants of the Baviaanskloof, p.365, 2023.</p><p>Diagnosis:— Morphologically similar to the very variable species A. setacea Ecklon &amp; Zeyher (1836: 216) from which it differs in its finely crispate young branches, slender ascending to erect, scarcely branched tail-like branches, incurved and axis hugging leaves, bright lime to lemon green foliage, flowers free from the subtending foliage, standard apex obtuse and glabrous on front, and wing petals much longer than the keel and with tips free from the keel petals. See Notes below for further explanation on the variability of A. setacea .</p><p>Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape Province: Steytlerville, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.322048&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.74552" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.322048/lat -33.74552)">near top of low hill NW of Guerna, Kouga Mountains</a>, 3324CD, [33°44’43.87”S 24°19’19.37”E], 9 February 2012, Euston-Brown 1797 (holotype BOL!; isotypes NBG!, PRE!) .</p><p>Plant an erect shrub 50–80 cm tall with stiff erect somewhat incurving brush-like branches arising from near the base, colonial, reseeder. Young branches finely crispate. Leaf clusters alternate, dense but patent with shoot axis internodes, situated on leaf base tubercles covered with patent, dense white crisped hairs. Leaves intensely bright limeto lemon green coloured, slender, incurving; tips acute, erect to touching axis of branch, becoming patent at fruiting stage. Leaflets (10) 15–20 mm long, 15–18 per node, linear, terete, semi-rigid, mostly incurved, sparsely covered with fine appressed silvery hairs, tip acute, not spiny. Inflorescences 1-flowered, borne on lateral short shoots, scattered along each seasonal shoot. Flowers (8)10–11(12) mm long, all petals pale lemon yellow, well-exerted from the foliage; pedicel 1 mm long, tomentose; bract 3 mm long, linear; bracteoles minute &lt;1 mm long, more a tuft of hairs. Calyx broadly globose-campanulate, 8–9 mm long, finely pubescent outside, shaggy inside; teeth equal, narrowly triangular, 4.0–5.0 mm long, equal, soft, acuminate; teeth sparsely sericeous, half the length of flower; tube 3.0– 3.5 mm long. Standard 11–12 × 6.5–7.0 mm, narrowly obovate to oblong-obovate, semi-reflexed at anthesis, apex obtuse not cuspidate, back hairy throughout, upper front glabrous; claw 2 mm, narrow, incurved. Wing petals 9–10–11 × 2.5–3.0 mm, much longer than the keel petals, sericeous along lower parts and sometimes on inside, tips flared but incurving towards apex, well free of keel, petal sculpturing present, comprising 5 rows of numerous small lunate costal and mostly deep transcostal pockets covering the entire surface above the hairy zone; claw 3 mm, strongly recurved and twisted. Keel petals 9 × 3 mm, blade 6.0 × 1.5 mm, tomentose over entire surface except for upper margin, auriculate, upper and lower margins convex, pocketed; claw 3.0– 3.5 mm long, ribbon-like, incurved. Androecium 8 mm long with 5 basifixed and 5 dorsifixed versatile anthers. Pistil 10 mm, long; ovary shaggy, ovules 2; style straight, glabrous. Fruit convex-lanceolate, slightly beaked, 10–11 × 4.0– 4.5 mm, short woolly, style persistent. Seeds unknown.</p><p>Etymology: —The specific epithet is from the Latin chlorinus (yellowish-green) and relates to the distinctive lime- to yellowish lemon-green colour of the leaves of this species.</p><p>Distribution and habitat: — Aspalathus chlorina is a colonial reseeder that habituates northern moderate slopes in Kouga Grassy Sandstone Fynbos (FFs28, Rebelo et al. 2006) of the Baviaanskloof Biosphere Reserve (Fig. 2). It is known from two localised populations each comprising a few hundred plants in the Kouga mountains at about 580– 600m.</p><p>Phenology: —Flowering takes place from December to February.</p><p>Conservation: —Based on the narrow distribution of this species and given the few collections it has been hard to assess its conservation status. As it is reseeding and colonial and dependent on fire for regeneration other populations may exist in this poorly explored area. No threats were evident. We have therefore assessed this species as Least Concern (LC) under the IUCN Red List categories and criteria (IUCN, 2012).</p><p>Notes: — Aspalathus chlorina is a distinctive species which falls into Dahlgren’s (1988) Group 34: Laterales. It is closest to A. setacea, a species represented by a range of different geographical form series extending from the Knysna region to as far eastwards as Komgha (Dahlgren 1963, 1965). This species complex, as currently delimited (Dahlgren, 1963, 1988), varies extremely in leaf length (2–15 mm), floral structure, calyx lobe length (1–8 mm), length of the apical vexillar cusp (0–1.5 mm), habit, and pubescence of the leaves. As Dahlgren has pointed out, the distinguishable races are each typical of a limited region. Based on the limited material available to him when he revised the genus it seemed to him that these races appeared to merge even though they keyed out at four different couplets. However, with many more collections now available, and following extensive fieldwork, it is becoming possible to recognise several quite distinct taxa of which this outlier species is one.</p><p>Aspalathus setacea, as represented by the lectotype (Ecklon &amp; Zeyher 1462), differs from A. chlorina in its variable sparsely to densely branched habit of either large shrubs or small tangled shrubs, but never with tail-like branches, its short villous to woolly to sericeous young branches, dull-green or silvery foliage, flowers well free or enclosed within the foliage, standard with a straight apex or with a tip, shortly sericeous on the apical marginal parts, rarely glabrous, and wing petals shorter than keel petals or, if longer, then clasping the sides of the keel.</p><p>Additional specimens examined: — SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape, 3324 (Steytlerville): Koppie to the west of Guerna, 16 February 2016, Euston-Brown 4560 (BOL).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A5F878AFF80FFC4F0B82DBBD1E33EC8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stirton, Charles Howard;Preez, Brian Du;Euston-Brown, Douglas I. W.;Muasya, A. Muthama	Stirton, Charles Howard, Preez, Brian Du, Euston-Brown, Douglas I. W., Muasya, A. Muthama (2025): Three new species of Aspalathus (Crotalarieae, Fabaceae) from the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa. Phytotaxa 720 (2): 172-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.8
9A5F878AFF83FFC2F0B82A46D6693C2C.text	9A5F878AFF83FFC2F0B82A46D6693C2C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aspalathus vulpicaudata C. H. Stirt. & Muasya 2025	<div><p>2. Aspalathus vulpicaudata C.H.Stirt. &amp; Muasya, sp. nov. (Fig. 3)</p><p>Aspalathus sp. nov. ( vulpicaudata ms.) in Euston-Brown &amp; Kruger, Plants of the Baviaanskloof, p.365, 2023.</p><p>Diagnosis:— Morphologically similar to A. setacea Ecklon &amp; Zeyher (1836: 216) from which it differs in its densely hairy ‘foxtail’ like branches, leaves spreading villous, straight and semi-patent, tightly packed, branch axes hidden by leaves, standard petal broadly ovate without a cuspidate apex.</p><p>Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape Province: Takkieskraal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.22911&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.75011" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.22911/lat -33.75011)">about 3 km North of Nooitgedacht farm, permanent plot #26, 3324CB</a>, [33°45’0.40”S 24°13’44.80”E], 13 February 2012, Euston-Brown 1809 (holotype BOL!; isotype NBG!) .</p><p>Plant an erect densely leafy, single-stemmed shrub 1–1.5 m tall with close erect tail-like branches arising from near the base upwards. Young branches densely leafy, densely clothed in short villous to villous ascending hairs. Leaf clusters comprised of 9–15 leaflets, dense, overlapping and hiding the shoot axis, situated on raised leaf base tubercles densely covered in white silky hairs, tubercles become woody with age and persist on bare older branches. Leaves trifoliolate, greenish but appearing silvery because of the white semi-patent hairs, slender, semi-erect; tips attenuate, free from the axis of the branch. Leaflets (9)10–15 × 0.2–0.4 mm, linear-filiform, slender, straight to wavy, mostly out-curved, terete, soft, clothed densely in spreading white villous hairs, acuminate but not pungent or rigid. Inflorescences unifloral, sessile, terminal on noticeably short lateral shoots, scattered along each branchlet, not very floriferous. Flowers 10 mm long, all petals pale to greenish-yellow, almost hidden within the foliage, pedicel absent to 2 mm in fruit; bracts 4–6 mm long, bracteoles absent or a tuft of hairs. Calyx campanulate, finely silky outside, finely hairy on upper face inside; lobes equal, narrowly triangular to almost linear, 5–7 × 2.0 mm, soft, red to purple towards base; teeth as long or slightly longer than flower, with broad sinuses at the base, tube 2 mm long, densely hairy on the inside. Standard 8–9 × 6 mm, ovate, apex slightly cuspidate, back hairy throughout, upper front glabrous, auricles well-developed; claw 2–3 mm, broad, incurved. Wing petals 6–8 × 1.5–2.0 mm, narrowly cultrate, longer than the keel petals, auriculate, folded inwards along the upper third, apex acute, tips recurving, sparsely hairy along the lower margin; well free of keel, finely hairy along lower margin; petal sculpturing present, comprising 4–5 rows of up to 33 small, lunate costal and transcostal pockets covering the upper central and upper basal zones; claw 3 mm, strongly recurved. Keel petals 7 × 2 mm, blade 5 mm long, sparsely tomentose over entire lower half but thicker towards the apex, auriculate, upper margin convex, deeply pocketed; claw 3–4 mm long, ribbon-like, incurved. Androecium 7 mm long with 5 basifixed and 5 dorsifixed, versatile anthers. Pistil 7 mm, long; ovary 2 mm, densely shaggy, ovules 2; style semi-erect, hairy in basal part. Fruits 7 × 3 mm, convex lanceolate, patent to axis, ribbed on upper margin, dark brown, densely villous. Seeds unknown.</p><p>Etymology: —The specific epithet is derived from the Latin words vulpes, -is (f., a fox) and cauda -ae (f., tail of an animal) and alludes to the distinctive close ‘bushy’ packing of the leaves (like a fox’s tail).</p><p>Notes: — Aspalathus vulpicaudata is a distinctive species, known from only two recent collections, which fall into Dahlgren’s (1988) Group 34: Laterales. It is closest to the lectotype form of A. setacea Ecklon &amp; Zeyher (1836: 216), sharing the densely arranged and hairy leaf morphology, with flowers partly hidden, and awl-shaped calyx nearly as long as the corolla. It differs in leaves hiding the shoot axis (vs shoot axis visible in A. setacea), leaflets densely spreading villous hairs (vs sericeous), calyx lobes red to purple (vs green), standard petal without a cuspidate apex (vs cuspidate apex present).We recognize the variability within the A. setacea complex which needs revision as a whole, especially now that new collections are becoming available, and suggest use of molecular data to enhance integrative taxonomy in the complex. However, the plants of A. vulpicaudata are very distinctive in the field and warrant species recognition based on current knowledge.</p><p>Distribution and habitat: — Aspalathus vulpicaudata is a colonial reseeder that habituates well-drained sandstone on south and south–facing slopes between 543–895 m in Kouga Grassy Sandstone Fynbos (FFs28, Rebelo et al. 2006). It is locally common in 6–7-year-old veld but starts to die back after 15–20 years. Flowering takes place in January and February.</p><p>Conservation: —This species is assessed as Vulnerable (VU D2) under the IUCN Red List categories and criteria (IUCN, 2012). It faces a threat from an expanding invasion by Acacia mearnsii De Wildeman (1925: 61; Black Wattle) in parts of its range, which is less than 20 km 2. It may be more widespread and common given how poorly explored the area is.</p><p>Additional specimens examined: — SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape, 3324 (Steytlerville): Baviaanskloof Nature Reserve, jeep track up to Guerna Kop from Riverside Campsite (– CD), 23 May 2014, Brian du Preez 23 (BOL!).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A5F878AFF83FFC2F0B82A46D6693C2C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stirton, Charles Howard;Preez, Brian Du;Euston-Brown, Douglas I. W.;Muasya, A. Muthama	Stirton, Charles Howard, Preez, Brian Du, Euston-Brown, Douglas I. W., Muasya, A. Muthama (2025): Three new species of Aspalathus (Crotalarieae, Fabaceae) from the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa. Phytotaxa 720 (2): 172-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.8
9A5F878AFF85FFC3F0B82CD5D28E3888.text	9A5F878AFF85FFC3F0B82CD5D28E3888.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aspalathus outrampsii C. H. Stirt. & Muasya. IUCN 2025	<div><p>3. Aspalathus outrampsii C.H.Stirt. &amp; Muasya, sp. nov. (Fig. 4)</p><p>Diagnosis:— Aspalathus outrampsii is closest to the broadly sympatric species A. lamarckiana Dahlgren (1963: 130, 281) from which it differs in its densely packed soft silvery grey incurving leaf clusters, smaller and narrower 1–15 × 0.2 mm leaflets that have an apical spinelet, and the narrowly triangular-subulate to lanceolate calyx teeth more than half the length of the flower.</p><p>Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=21.639431&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.429745" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 21.639431/lat -33.429745)">near Calitzdorp, Matjiesvlei trail, Swartberg Mountains, 3321BC</a>, [33°25’47.07”S 21°38’21.95”E], 27 October 2013, Du Preez 1 (holotype BOL) .</p><p>Plant an erect shrub 1.2–3.0 m tall, reseeder, colonial. Stems 1–3, arising from near the base, smooth, grey to brown, leafy for long lengths, older parts with persistent hairy leaf bases, tending to rough corkiness in oldest stems. Young branches are densely leafy, white woolly. Leaf clusters comprised of mostly 9 leaflets, dense and obscuring the shoot axis, situated on raised leaf base tubercles densely covered in white silky hairs, tubercles become woody with age and persist on older branches. Leaves trifoliolate, greenish but appearing silvery because of the white semi-patent hairs, drying grey, slender, semi-erect; tips attenuate or with 1 mm spine. Leaflets 11–15 × 0.2 mm, linear, piniform, terete, soft, incurved, clothed densely in spreading white villous hairs. Inflorescences unifloral, in axillary leaf clusters, congested on short seasonal shoots, scattered along each branchlet. Flowers 14–15 mm long; petals dark yellow, proud of the foliage, pedicel absent to 2 mm in fruit; bracts 5–6 mm long, filiform, weak, covered in appressed hairs, bracteoles 4 mm long, straight. Calyx about a third of the length of flower, densely fine woolly with longer hairs, teeth subequal, narrowly triangular–subulate, apex attenuate, 5–7 mm long, tube 4–5 mm long densely woolly on inner and outer faces. Standard 12–14 × 14 mm, broadly elliptic, apex emarginate but also heavily thickened and fused, back densely woolly throughout, upper front finely pubescent, auricles well-developed; claw 2.0– 2.5 mm long, narrow, upcurved. Wing petals 13 × 3 mm, longer than the keel petals, auriculate, folded inwards along the upper third, apex rounded, glabrous; petal sculpturing comprises 4–5 rows of costal and transcostal lunate pockets; claw 5 mm, narrow. Keel petals 15 × 4 mm, blade 7–8 × 4 mm, glabrous, auriculate, upper margin convex, transversely ridged, pocketed, tip rounded to obtuse; claw 5 mm long, flat, broad, ribbon-like, straight. Androecium 10 mm long with 5 basifixed and 5 dorsifixed versatile anthers. Pistil 12–14 mm long; ovary 2 mm, densely shaggy, stigma minute, ovules 2; style semi-erect, hairy in basal part. Fruits narrowly oblong with acute beak, 17 × 5–6 mm, shaggy, silvery. Seeds unknown.</p><p>Etymology: —The specific epithet is derived from the nickname of the “Outramps” group of Custodians of Rare and Endangered Wildflowers (CREW) in honour of the tremendous job the citizen science team do of searching for, evaluating and monitoring threatened plant species in the Southern Cape.</p><p>Notes: — Aspalathus outrampsii, first collected in 1956, is a striking species that falls into Dahlgren’s (1988) Group 34: Laterales. Dahlgren (1988) cite the 1956 specimens (Dahlgren &amp; Peterson 1360) among vouchers of A. hystrix Linneaus (1782), with which it shares similar flower morphology and long leaf apex (mucronate), but differ in its weak incurved leaflets that are not spiky to the touch. It remained unrecognised until a few more recent collections were made. It differs from the broadly sympatric species A. lamarckiana in its densely packed soft silvery grey incurving leaf clusters (vs. laxly packed dull grey stiffer spiky leaf clusters), smaller flowers, 10 mm long (vs 21–22 mm); smaller leaflets 11–15 × 0.2 mm (vs 15–23 × 0.7–0.9 mm), tips of leaflets with apical spinelet (vs. aristate); narrowly triangular-subulate to lanceolate calyx teeth more than half the length of the flower (vs. deltoid-triangular and less than half the length of the flower). It may be confused with the allopatric species A. argyrophanes Dahlgren (1963: 130, 271) from which it differs in its flowers exerted from the leaves (vs. hidden or partly hidden within leaves), distribution in Laingsburg-Ladismith Division (vs. Albany Division); flowers produced and clustered on short flowering shoots (vs. distributed along considerable distances of flowering branches), petals bright yellow (vs. lemon yellow); bracts 5–6 mm long, filiform, with appressed hairs and bracteoles 4 mm long (vs. bracts 3–4.5 mm long with half-spreading straight hairs and bracteoles 1.7–3.5 mm long), and calyx tube 5–6 mm long (vs. tube 3–3.5 mm long).</p><p>Distribution and habitat: — Aspalathus outrampsii grows in a Fynbos/Renosterveld transitional zone in a flat sandy wide riverbed. It occurs in vegetation described by Rebelo et al. (2006) as Cango Conglomerate Fynbos (FFt1), South Swartberg Sandstone Fynbos (FFs24) and North Rooiberg Sandstone Fynbos (FFs21). Locally common in dense stands between (440) 1000–1400 m altitude. Flowering takes place between October and November.</p><p>Conservation: — Aspalathus outrampsii is a range restricted species with an extent of occurrence of 630 km 2 and area of occupancy of 28 km 2. Despite the localized distribution and four known locations, it occurs in dense stands in deep gulleys and on mountainsides where it is not threatened. The species is thus assessed as Least Concerned (LC) based on the categories and criteria of the IUCN (2012).</p><p>Additional specimens examined: — SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape, 3321 (Ladismith): 1 mile N of Ladismith along the road to Waterkloof farm (– AC), South –facing slopes, 29 November 1956, Dahlgren &amp; Peterson 1360 (PRE, S) ; Kloof to the west of Die Hel, Oshoekhangsrivier (– BC), 23 November 2015, B. Du Preez 261 (BOL) ; Rooiberg, upper northern slopes of Bailey Peak (– CB), 4 January 1981, J. Vlok 124 (BOL). 3322 (Oudtshoorn): Mid-north slope of Bailey Peak on Rooiberg near Ladismith (– CB), locally common in dense stands, 9 November 1995, C. Patterson-Jones 701 (NBG, PRE) ; Rooiberg (– CD), 4 November 1983, Marshall 202 (PRE) .</p><p>Selected iNaturalist observations:</p><p>Matjiesvlei, Groot Swartberg -33.41969 21.63825, 30 April 2018, Evie Bowen https://www.inaturalist.org/ observations/15836936;</p><p>Steering se Kloof in the Swartberg, -33.42936 21.63964, 6 November 2015, Di Turner https://www.inaturalist. org/observations/11180893;</p><p>Steering se Kloof, Matjiesvlei, -33.433 21.633, 6 September 2013, Brian du Preez https://www.inaturalist.org/ observations/10879988.</p><p>Steering se Kloof, Matjiesvlei, -33.42789 21.63491, 18 November 2022, Sallyslak https://www.inaturalist.org/ observations/142902892</p><p>Steering se Kloof, Matjiesvlei, -33.428068 21.640092, 18 November 2022, Sallyslak https://www.inaturalist.org/ observations/142902891</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A5F878AFF85FFC3F0B82CD5D28E3888	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stirton, Charles Howard;Preez, Brian Du;Euston-Brown, Douglas I. W.;Muasya, A. Muthama	Stirton, Charles Howard, Preez, Brian Du, Euston-Brown, Douglas I. W., Muasya, A. Muthama (2025): Three new species of Aspalathus (Crotalarieae, Fabaceae) from the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa. Phytotaxa 720 (2): 172-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.8
