identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
D9754505B4EE50B28A5BB4D565DEAABF.text	D9754505B4EE50B28A5BB4D565DEAABF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinomantis lakolosy Hutter & Andriampenomanana & Lambert & Vences 2025	<div><p>Spinomantis lakolosy sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 3, 4; Table 1</p><p>Available names.</p><p>There are no junior synonyms available in the S. bertini complex that could represent earlier available names for the new species.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet lakolosy is a Malagasy word meaning “bell”. The name was chosen to describe the advertisement call of this species, which sounds like a ringing bell. The name is to be treated as an invariable noun in apposition.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Previously undocumented species.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype. KU 340852 (CRH 726), sex unknown, possibly subadult female. Collected by Carl R. Hutter, Zo F. Andriampenomanana, Solo Justin, and Richard E. Glor on February 2 nd, 2015, at <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=47.5447&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.1468" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 47.5447/lat -21.1468)">Miranony Forest</a> (21.1468°S, 47.5447°E; ca. 1100 m a. s. l) in mid-altitude rainforest within Ranomafana National Park in the Southern Central East of Madagascar, Fianarantsoa province (Fig. 4) .</p><p>Paratypes. KU 340867 (CRH 751), adult female. KU 340868 (CRH 752) adult male. Collected on February 2 nd, 2015, with all other collection data the same as the holotype .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Spinomantis lakolosy is placed in the family Mantellidae, subfamily Mantellinae as diagnosed by Glaw and Vences (2006). Phylogenetic evidence assigns the new species to the genus Spinomantis with phylogenetic affinities to S. bertini . The new species can be diagnosed to the genus Spinomantis morphologically by presence of intercalary elements between ultimate and penultimate phalanges of fingers and toes, presence of distinct femoral glands of type 1 (Glaw et al. 2000) in males, outer metatarsal tubercle present, maxillary teeth present, and adults living along streams in rainforests.</p><p>The new species is distinguished by a combination of the following characters within Spinomantis: (1) a dorsal color pattern of dark brown with golden-olive mottling and whitish dots; (2) a dark flank coloration with mottling of irregular white spots which rather diffusely transitions towards the dorsal coloration without sharp, regular color border; (3) light brown and dark bands on the ventral surface of the legs; (4) thick frenal stripe; (5) absence of dermal fringes or spines; and (6) advertisement calls with notes arranged in a series with a combination of a long note duration, long inter-note interval, and low dominant frequency.</p><p>Spinomantis lakolosy sp. nov. can easily be distinguished from other Spinomantis species not in the S. bertini species complex by many morphological characters. The new species differs from the arboreal species S. aglavei, S. fimbriatus, S. massi, S. nussbaumi, S. peraccae, S. phantasticus, and S. tavaratra by having terrestrial habits and smaller body size (female SVL 25 mm versus male and female SVL range of 31–56 mm). The new species differs from S. aglavei, S. fimbriatus, S. massi, S. phantasticus, and S. tavaratra by smooth skin and an absence of dermal spines or fringes; from S. elegans by a lack of a clearly delimited ocellated dorsal pattern and smaller body size (female SVL 25 mm versus male and female SVL range of 50–60 mm); from S. guibei by a smaller body size (female SVL 25 mm versus male and female SVL range of 29–40 mm) and a brown-yellow-gold color pattern versus green; from S. microtis by a smaller body size (female SVL 25 mm versus male and female SVL range of 30–48 mm), smaller terminal discs on fingers and toes, and smooth skin; and from S. brunae by a smaller size (female SVL 25 mm versus male and female SVL range of 32–35 mm) and absence of gold and black mottling on the dorsum.</p><p>When comparing Spinomantis lakolosy sp. nov. to other species in the S. bertini complex, the following differences are apparent: (1) S. bertini: has more white coloration on ventral side and a more distinct frenal stripe that extends farther to the tip of the snout and is more yellow in coloration, a dorsal-lateral line with yellow borders (versus absence of line), dorsal coloration that is more uniform (versus mottled in the new species); (2) S. beckei: has a distinct dorsal-lateral line and much smaller brown spotting, a thinner frenal stripe that extends past the arm but does not extend to the snout, whitish coloration on the hind limbs and less distinct bands, and more brown rather than yellow in coloration; and (3) S. mirus: has more yellow-brown background dorsal coloration while the new species has more brown mottling and some reddish coloration on the flanks and hind limbs, the new species has dark brown flanks versus yellow in S. mirus . Also, in all these species in most individuals, the transition between dorsal and flank color occurs along a sharp, regular and distinguishable color border which is less distinctly expressed in the new species.</p><p>Bioacoustically, Spinomantis lakolosy sp. nov. differs from other species in the S. bertini complex by: (1) S. bertini: a much shorter note duration (20–26 ms versus 67–105 ms); and (2) S. beckei: a much shorter note duration (20–26 ms versus 67–105 ms) and frequency modulation with a terminal end note. Additionally, despite having a similar body size, S. lakolosy sp. nov. has a much lower dominant frequency than other species in the complex (2454–2497 Hz versus 4000 Hz or more in the other species).</p><p>Description of the holotype.</p><p>Specimen in good state of preservation (Fig. 4), muscle tissue sample removed from left thigh, damage and limited tissue removal also on right thigh; tongue removed. Snout-vent length 21.8 mm, for further measurements see Table 1. Body slender; head longer than wide, approximately of same width as body. Snout rounded in dorsal view, pointed in lateral view, nostrils directed laterally, slightly protuberant, much nearer to tip of snout than to eye; canthus rostralis distinct, slightly concave; loreal region concave; tympanum distinct, rounded, its horizontal diameter 60 % of eye diameter; supratympanic fold relatively distinct, running above the tympanum, then bending downwards and running straight towards forelimb insertion; tongue missing (removed); vomerine teeth absent, maxillary present; choanae small, rounded. Arms slender, subarticular tubercles single; fingers without webbing; relative length of fingers 1 &lt;2 &lt;4 &lt;3; finger disks enlarged; nuptial pads absent. Hind limbs slender; tibiotarsal articulation reaches snout tip when the hind limb is adpressed along the body; lateral metatarsalia largely separated; inner metatarsal tubercles distinct, outer metatarsal tubercle not recognizable; webbing formula between toes rudimentary, with traces of web between toes 3, 4 and 5; relative length of toes 1 &lt;2 &lt;5 &lt;3 &lt;4; third toe slightly but clearly longer than fifth. Skin on the upper surface smooth, without folds or ridges; ventral skin smooth. Femoral glands not recognizable in external or internal view.</p><p>After 10 years in preservative, the dorsum is washed with brown and greenish brown tones and some indistinct and irregular light beige dots, without distinct borders between the colors, brown color being especially seen on the anterior dorsum. Limbs greenish brown with two distinct brown crossbands on lower arm, and three brown crossbands on shanks. Ventrally irregularly and indistinctly mottled brown; hindlimbs ventrally with somewhat more distinct brown color. Color in life not documented by photos.</p><p>Variation.</p><p>Besides the holotype, only one further specimen (female KU 340867; not sequenced) from the type locality was available for examination (Table 1). Compared to the holotype, this specimen is slightly larger, supporting that the holotype is probably a subadult. Compared to the holotype the specimen had a somewhat more obvious light spotting on the dorsum, and a dense dark vermiculation on the ventral side. In life, the specimen had a dorsum with irregular mottling in brown and yellowish-olive elements. The border between dorsal and flank color was relatively clear, the flanks being dark brown with sharp delimited yellowish - beige spots and markings. From snout tip over nostrils to eye, a reddish-brown line was present, and some reddish-brown spots were also present along the dorsolateral separation. A second female specimen, CRH 678 (UADBA unaccessioned), largely agreed with this pattern (without the reddish-brown elements, and the light markings on the dorsum being more olive-greenish), and in life, had dark vermiculation on a silvery white throat, chest and anterior belly whereas the posterior belly was uniformly grayish brown.</p><p>We tentatively assign to this species specimens from another population, Andemaka, which was found divergent genetically, ecologically and bioacoustically. The single sequenced specimen KU 340884 (CRH 781) had a 16 S distance of 1.4 % to the paratype KU 340868 (CRH 752) from the type locality Miranony. In this specimen, an adult male determined by well-developed femoral glands, the light dorsal pattern was overall olive greenish, and the belly pattern was more whitish on gray. Femoral glands were distinct but relatively small, and the single gland granules not clearly distinguishable in external view. The advertisement call of this specimen furthermore had a very short note (pulse) duration of less than 20 ms (vs.&gt; 25 ms in Miranony), suggesting a possible bioacoustic differentiation.</p><p>Call.</p><p>The advertisement call from the type locality Miranony consists of a note series of regularly repeated short bell – like tonal notes (Fig. 5). Several calls are emitted in a call series. In one series of nine calls of specimen CRH 752, calls consisted of 7–10 notes (8.5 ± 1.7 notes; N = 9), had a duration of 562–1150 ms (987 ± 220 ms; N = 9), and an inter – call interval duration of 473–752 ms (584 ± 96 ms; N = 8). Within calls, note duration was 67–105 ms (86 ± 13 ms; N = 16) and inter – note interval duration was 0–58 ms (27 ± 15 ms; N = 15). Dominant frequency was 2454–2497 Hz and approximate prevalent band width was 2200–2800 Hz.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Spinomantis lakolosy sp. nov. is only known from Miranony Forest (21.1468°S, 47.5447°E; ca. 1100 m a. s. l.) in high altitude rainforest within northern Ranomafana National Park in Southern Central East Madagascar, Fianarantsoa province (Fig. 2). The identity of the specimens from the second site, Andemaka, remains to be studied in depth.</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>Spinomantis lakolosy sp. nov. is locally moderately abundant, and found only within undisturbed, primary forests at high elevations (ca. 1000–1100 m). Individuals were perched on the surfaces of vegetation less than 50 cm in height or on mossy rocks calling over a fast-flowing stream (Fig. 6). The species’ advertisement call was loud and could easily be heard over the sound of the rushing water in the stream, and many individuals could be heard calling in a light mist, on a cloudy night. Other syntopic Spinomantis include S. peraccae and a species from the S. aglavei complex.</p><p>Conservation status.</p><p>The new species is only reliably known from Ranomafana National Park at a high elevation forest site near the village of Miranony (the status of the population from Andemaka requires further study). The distribution of this species is therefore only known from a single location, in the northern section of Ranomafana National Park, where many villages in the area have left the forest fragmented with no connectivity. Furthermore, the forest in which the species occurs is experiencing intense deforestation pressure. Ongoing anthropogenic threats are continually reducing the quality and extent of its habitat. For example, slash-and-burn agriculture and forest products are frequently extracted directly from this species’ habitat. Given this information, we propose to categorize this species as “ Endangered ” [B 1 ab (iii)] following IUCN criteria (IUCN 2001).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D9754505B4EE50B28A5BB4D565DEAABF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Hutter, Carl R.;Andriampenomanana, Zo F.;Lambert, Shea M.;Vences, Miguel	Hutter, Carl R., Andriampenomanana, Zo F., Lambert, Shea M., Vences, Miguel (2025): Two new species of the Spinomantis bertini species complex (Mantellidae) from south-eastern Madagascar. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (2): 285-299, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.174833
70AEE535DFAF584C9D8D194BDCB91842.text	70AEE535DFAF584C9D8D194BDCB91842.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinomantis lavabato Hutter & Andriampenomanana & Lambert & Vences 2025	<div><p>Spinomantis lavabato sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 4, 7; Table 1</p><p>Available names.</p><p>There are no junior synonyms available in the S. bertini complex that could represent earlier available names for the new species.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet lavabato is a Malagasy word / phrase literally meaning “rock hole” or in other words a “cave”. The name was chosen to describe the general micro-habitat of this species, where it dwells in cave-like rocky structures. The name is to be treated as an invariable noun in apposition.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Previously referred to as Spinomantis aff. bertini (Glaw and Vences 2007) and designated as a candidate species Spinomantis sp. Ca 07 (Vieites et al. 2009).</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype. KU 336975 (field number JJW 2336). An adult male collected by Carl R. Hutter, Shea M. Lambert, and Solo Justin collected on January 10 th, 2013, at <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=47.4103&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.3326" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 47.4103/lat -21.3326)">Maharira Forest</a> (21.3326°S, 47.4103°E; ca. 1300 m a. s. l.) alongside a trail with rocky formations in mid-altitude rainforest within Ranomafana National Park, in Southern Central East Madagascar, Fianarantsoa province (Fig. 2) .</p><p>Paratypes. KU 336978 (CRH 118) adult female, KU 336979 (CRH 122) adult male and KU 336980 (CRH 175) adult male collected by Carl R. Hutter, Zo F. Andriampenomanana, April Hillman, and Solo Justin from caves at the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=47.412&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.3334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 47.412/lat -21.3334)">peak of Maharira</a> (21.3334°S, 47.4120°E; ca. 1340 m a. s. l.) . KU 336975 (JJW 2336), KU 336976 (JJW 2350), and KU 336977 (JJW 2352) all males collected along a trail with rocky formations in <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=47.4106&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.3312" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 47.4106/lat -21.3312)">Maharira Forest</a> (21.3312°S, 47.4106°E; ca. 1300 m a. s. l.), Fianarantsoa province, Madagascar . ZSM 806/2003 (FGMV 2002.693), adult male, collected at Maharira, Ranomafana National Park, at unknown coordinates, on 26 January 2003 by E. Rajeriarison and T. Rajoafiarison .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Spinomantis lavabato is placed in the family Mantellidae, subfamily Mantellinae as diagnosed by Glaw and Vences (2006). Phylogenetic evidence assigns the new species to the genus Spinomantis with phylogenetic affinities to S. bertini . The new species can be diagnosed to the genus Spinomantis morphologically by presence of intercalary elements between ultimate and penultimate phalanges of fingers and toes, presence of distinct femoral glands (type 1: Glaw et al. 2000) in males, outer metatarsal tubercle present, maxillary teeth present, and adults living along streams in rainforests.</p><p>The new species is distinguished by a combination of the following characters within Spinomantis: (1) small adult male body size of SVL 24.2–24.4 mm, adult females also small at 26.7 mm; (2) a dorsal color pattern of dark brown with yellow-olive mottling and whitish dots along the flanks; (3) darker flank coloration with mottling of white with a transition between flank and dorsal coloration somewhat diffuse as light dorsal markings can extend onto flanks and brown flank color is of similar tone as brown color on dorsum; (4) dark bands on the dorsal surface of limbs; (5) mottled frenal stripe; (6) absence of dermal fringes or spines; (7) advertisement calls are short notes arranged in a series with a combination of a very short note duration, short inter-note interval, and high dominant frequency.</p><p>Spinomantis lavabato sp. nov. can easily be distinguished from other Spinomantis species not in the S. bertini species complex by many morphological characters (size ranges in the following are given for males and females combined as body size dimorphism in Spinomantis is low). The new species differs from the arboreal species S. aglavei, S. fimbriatus, S. massi, S. nussbaumi, S. peraccae, S. phantasticus, and S. tavaratra by having a terrestrial habitat and smaller body size (SVL 24.2–24.4 versus 31–56 mm). The new species differs from S. aglavei, S. fimbriatus, S. massi, S. phantasticus, and S. tavaratra by smooth skin and an absence of dermal spines or fringes; from S. elegans by a lack of a clearly delimited ocellated dorsal pattern and smaller body size (versus 50–60 mm); from S. guibei by a smaller body size (versus 29–40 mm) and a brown-yellow color pattern versus green; from S. microtis by a smaller body size (versus 30–48 mm), smaller terminal discs on fingers and toes, and smooth skin; and from S. brunae by a smaller size (versus 32–35 mm) and absence of gold and black mottling on the dorsum.</p><p>When comparing Spinomantis lavabato sp. nov. to other species in the S. bertini complex, the following differences are apparent: (1) S. bertini: has more white coloration on ventral side and a more distinct frenal stripe that extends farther to the tip of the snout and is more yellow in coloration (versus a less distinct frenal stripe mottled in coloration), a dorsal-lateral line with yellow borders (versus absence of line), dorsal coloration that is more uniform (versus mottled in the new species); (2) S. beckei: has a distinct dorsolateral line and much smaller brown spotting, a thin frenal stripe that extends past the arm but does not extend to the snout, whiteish coloration on the hind limbs and less distinct bands, and brown spots on a yellow background versus yellow spots on a brown background; (3) S. mirus: has a more yellow-brown background dorsal coloration while the new species is more brown in background dorsal coloration, the new species has dark brown flanks versus yellow in S. mirus; and (4) S. lakolosy above: has a distinct frenal stripe, more yellow dorsal background coloration, hints of red color on the flanks and limbs, and golden colored eyes (versus copper). Also, in most individuals of all these species except S. lakolosy, the transition between dorsal and flank color occurs along a sharp and distinguishable straight color border which is less distinctly expressed in the new species.</p><p>Bioacoustically, Spinomantis lavabato sp. nov. differs from other species in the S. bertini complex by: (1) S. bertini: a shorter note duration (20–26 ms versus 27–67 ms); (2) S. beckei: a shorter note duration (20–26 ms versus 27–67 ms) and frequency modulation with a terminal end note; and (3) S. lakolosy above: a much longer note duration (67–105 ms versus 27–67 ms) and lower dominant frequency than expected by body size. Additionally, a unique characteristic of this call compared to the other species is that the amplitude of each note starts out low and increases to maximum call amplitude in the final note.</p><p>Description of the holotype.</p><p>Specimen in excellent state of preservation (Fig. 4), some tissue removed dorsoanteriorly from right thigh. Snout-vent length 24.4 mm, for further measurements see Table 1. Body slender; head longer than wide, slightly wider than body. Snout slightly pointed in dorsal view, rounded in lateral view, nostrils directed laterally, slightly protuberant, nearer to tip of snout than to eye; canthus rostralis distinct, concave; loreal region slightly concave; tympanum distinct, rounded, its diameter 60 % of eye diameter; supratympanic fold distinct, straight; tongue ovoid, bifid and free posteriorly; vomerine teeth absent, maxillary teeth present; choanae small, rounded. Arms slender, subarticular tubercles single; fingers without webbing; relative length of fingers 1 &lt;2 &lt;4 &lt;3; finger disks distinctly enlarged; nuptial pads absent. Hind limbs slender; tibiotarsal articulation reaches nostrils when the hind limb is adpressed along the body; lateral metatarsalia partly connected; inner metatarsal tubercles distinct, outer metatarsal tubercle not recognizable; webbing formula between toes rudimentary, with traces between toes 3, 4 and 5; relative length of toes 1 &lt;2 &lt;3 = 5 &lt;4. Skin on the upper surface smooth, without folds or ridges; ventral skin smooth. Throat skin with recognizable folds laterally, indicating the presence of a vocal sac. Femoral glands large and distinctly elevated, of type 2 sensu Glaw et al. (2000), distance between femoral glands 1.3 mm.</p><p>After almost 13 years in preservative, the dorsum is dark brown with distinctly delimited beige spots and vermiculation. Limbs with distinct dark brown patterns which form clear crossbands on the forelimbs (four on lower arm, about three on upper arm) and less clearly delimited crossbands on hindlimbs (about five on thigh, five on shank, and four on tarsus and hand). Ventrally, dark brown with light spots and vermiculation on throat, chest and belly, more uniformly brown on limbs. In life, the light vermiculation on the dorsum was light brown with an olive greenish tint and rather poorly contrasted, especially in the anterior part of the dorsum. The light spots on the flanks were more distinctly contrasting with the dark brown flank color, yellowish where adjacent to the dorsum and white in the center of the flanks. Strongly contrasting yellowish spots were also present laterally on the head. The iris was copper in its dorsal part (not visible in its ventral half on the available images). The limbs were olive brownish with dark brown crossbands. Ventrally dark brown with very strongly contrasting silvery white vermiculation with a slightly bluish tint. Limbs ventrally brownish with indistinct pattern.</p><p>Variation.</p><p>Table 1 contains measurements of two males and one female. The female paratype KU 336978 (SVL 26.7 mm) is slightly larger than the two males (24.2–24.4 mm) and lacks femoral glands, and in preservative has a pattern of numerous narrow crossbands on the limbs, especially on the forelimbs. and a more vermiculated pattern on the throat. There does not seem to be a conspicuous sexual dimorphism in relative tympanum size (TD / ED 0.51 in the female, 0.49–0.62 in the two males). In paratype KU 336977 the dorsal pattern is more uniformly green rather than yellowish green as in the holotype (Fig. 7).</p><p>Call.</p><p>The advertisement call consists of a note series of regularly repeated click notes (Fig. 5). Several calls are often emitted in a call series, and in such a case, the number of notes per call gradually increases. Based on one call series of five calls of paratype specimen KU 336977 (JJW 2352), call parameters were as follows: 4, 5, 8, 11, 11 notes per call, call duration 368, 496, 794, 1115 and 1118 ms. Intervals between calls were 1552–3859 ms (2373 ± 1033 ms, n = 4). Note duration was 27–67 ms (44 ± 16 ms, n = 18) and interval duration between notes was 48–68 ms (60 ± 7 ms; n = 16). Amplitude increased from first to last note of a call. Dominant frequency was 3789–4134 Hz (3996 ± 88 ms), approximate prevalent band width was between 2600–4400 Hz. Calls of a second specimen KU 336976 (JJW 2350) were very similar in structure and parameters, one call series consisting of six calls consisting of 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 9 notes per call.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Spinomantis lavabato sp. nov. is known only from Ranomafana National Park at Maharira (Fig. 2), where cave-like rock formations can be found. The sub-sites being caves at the peak of Maharira (21.3334°S, 47.4120°E; ca. 1340 m a. s. l.) and along a trail with rocky formations in Maharira Forest (21.3312°S, 47.4106°E; ca. 1300 m a. s. l.).</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>Spinomantis lavabato sp. nov. is locally abundant, and found only within undisturbed, primary forests at high elevations (ca. 1100–1300 m). Individuals were perched on the surfaces of rocks either within cave-like rock formations or alongside streams that were surrounded by large rock structures (Fig. 8 A, B). Many individuals of the species were always located on these rocks, and usually with a slow flowing stream alongside or underneath them and occasionally with only standing water that may flood during the rain and wash the tadpoles out. The species advertisement call was quiet and therefore calling males could only be heard if nearby when the sound of flowing water was quiet; the sound also echoed from the insides of the cave-like rock structures. Furthermore, the species called during the day, which is not something observed in many other Spinomantis except for S. elegans which also calls from the same microhabitat. Other syntopic Spinomantis include S. peraccae, a species from the S. aglavei complex, and S. elegans .</p><p>Conservation status.</p><p>The new species is known from Ranomafana National Park and only one locality within the park: Maharira. The species is locally abundant, but the microhabitats to find them are somewhat difficult to access and are a very specific specialized habitat type of rocky formations. Maharira, where the species is located, is under some deforestation pressure and faces ongoing threats that result in the reduction of quality and extent of habitat. For example, slash-and-burn agriculture and forest products are frequently extracted directly from this species’ habitat. Given this information, we propose to categorize this species as “ Endangered ” [B 1 ab (iii)] following IUCN criteria (IUCN 2001).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/70AEE535DFAF584C9D8D194BDCB91842	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Hutter, Carl R.;Andriampenomanana, Zo F.;Lambert, Shea M.;Vences, Miguel	Hutter, Carl R., Andriampenomanana, Zo F., Lambert, Shea M., Vences, Miguel (2025): Two new species of the Spinomantis bertini species complex (Mantellidae) from south-eastern Madagascar. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (2): 285-299, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.174833
