identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
D3A7991CF3A15C8881E6977897B62DF1.text	D3A7991CF3A15C8881E6977897B62DF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Patithelphusa Mitra & Rath & Jung & Kim & Kundu 2025	<div><p>Patithelphusa gen. nov.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Patithelphusa yercaudensis sp. nov., by present designation.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Carapace distinctly broader than long, dorsal surface distinctly convex, lateral margins with many short oblique striae (Fig. 2 A); dorsal surface distinctly convex in frontal view (Fig. 2 B); external orbital angle widely triangular, blunt, outer margin serrated, 4.5 times of inner margin (Fig. 2 A); epibranchial tooth short, distinct notch between epibranchial tooth and outer margin of external orbital tooth; cervical groove well demarcated in all course, broad and shallow anteriorly, relatively deep and narrow posteriorly, not reaching to the postorbital cristae; epistomal median lobe with distinct triangular tooth, tip bilobed; third maxilliped exopods with long flagellum (Fig. 2 D); suture between S 2 / S 3 shallow and broad, not reaching to lateral margins of sternum; suture between S 3 / S 4 shallow and broad, not interrupted by any ridge, reaching to lateral edge of sternum. Sixth pleonal segment of male slightly broader than long (Fig. 2 C, E, F); G 1 subterminal segment relatively slender, basally broad; terminal segment cone shaped, elongated, 0.4 times of subterminal segment, inner margin straight, outer margin convex in middle, with some long setae, tip triangular, not sharp. G 2 c. 1.2 times longer than G 1, subterminal segment long, basally broad, terminal segment slightly shorter than half of subterminal segment (Fig. 3 A – C).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The genus is named after eminent crustacean taxonomist, Dr Sameer Kumar Pati, for his valuable contribution to freshwater crab taxonomy in India. The gender is neuter.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The new genus Patithelphusa shares similarities with only four gecarcinucid genera, Baratha, Travancoriana, Vanni and Vela, by having a combination of characters: exopods of third maxilliped with long flagellum, and the distal segment of G 2 is relatively long. Patithelphusa gen. nov. can nevertheless be separated from Baratha by its anterolateral and posterolateral region of carapace dorsal surface with many horizontal and oblique striae (Fig. 2 A) (vs. anterolateral and posterolateral region of carapace dorsal surface smooth in Baratha; figs 19 a, 21 a, Bahir and Yeo 2007); external orbital angle widely triangular, blunt (Fig. 2 A) (vs. external orbital angle sharp, produced; figs 19 a, 21 a, Bahir and Yeo 2007); pleonal somite six of male distinctly broader than long (Fig. 2 C, E) (vs. pleonal somite six of male squarish to slight longer than broad; figs 18 b, 19 c, 21 c, Bahir and Yeo 2007); antennular fossae rectangular (Fig. 2 B) (vs. eye shaped, medially broad, gradually narrower in both ends, figs 19 b, 21 b, Bahir and Yeo 2007); G 1 terminal segment relatively longer, tip blunt (Fig. 3 A, B) (vs. G 1 terminal segment relatively shorter, cone shaped, tip pointed; figs 18 c – g, 20 a – e, Bahir and Yeo 2007).</p><p>Patithelphusa gen. nov. can be separated from Travancoriana by several morphological characters: the dorsal surface of carapace distinctly convex in frontal and as well as in dorsal view in Patithelphusa gen. nov. (Fig. 2 A, B) (vs. carapace dorsal surface slightly convex in frontal view in Travancoriana; taf. 4, figs 38, 39, Bott 1970; fig. 8 a, b, Bahir and Yeo 2007); somite six of male pleon distinctly broader than long (Fig. 2 C, E) (vs. somite six of male pleon longer than broad; taf. 4, fig. 40, Bott 1970; figs 7 d, 8 c, Bahir and Yeo 2007); outer margin of external orbital tooth serrated (Fig. 2 A) (vs. outer margin of external orbital tooth smooth; taf. 4, fig. 39, Bott 1970; fig. 8 a, Bahir and Yeo 2007); epigastric cristae separated from postorbital cristae by a small gap (Fig. 2 A) (vs. epigastric cristae confluent with postorbital cristae; taf. 4, fig. 39, Bott 1970; fig. 8 a, Bahir and Yeo 2007); epibranchial tooth small but discernible, cleft distinct (Fig. 2 A) (vs. epibranchial tooth indistinct, cleft not visible; taf. 4, fig. 39, Bott 1970; fig. 8 a, Bahir and Yeo 2007). Outer orbital margin of epibranchial tooth is distinctly straight in Patithelphusa (Fig. 2 A) (vs. outer orbital margin of epibranchial tooth distinctly convex in Travancoriana; taf. 4, fig. 39, Bott 1970; fig. 8 a, Bahir and Yeo 2007); G 1 terminal segment cone shaped, elongated, 0.4 times of subterminal segment, tip triangular, not sharp (Fig. 3 A, B) (vs. G 1 terminal segment relatively longer c. 0.3-0.6 times of subterminal segment, tip acute; figs 7 f – h, 16 f-I, Bahir and Yeo 2007).</p><p>The genus Vanni superficially resembles Patithelphusa gen. nov., but the latter exhibits several distinguishing characteristics: carapace almost squarish in Vanni (fig. 32 a, Bahir and Yeo 2007), while distinctly wider than long in Patithelphusa gen. nov. (Fig. 2 A); carapace flat or slightly convex in frontal view (fig. 32 b, Bahir and Yeo 2007), however the carapace of the new genus is convex in frontal and dorsal view (Fig. 2 A, B); suture between S 2 / S 3 indistinct or slightly visible in Vanni (fig. 32 b, Bahir and Yeo 2007), while S 2 / S 3 is distinctly visible in Patithelphusa gen. nov (Fig. 2 C, F); suture between sternites S 3 / S 4 indistinct (fig. 32 b, Bahir and Yeo 2007) vs. S 3 / S 4 distinct and reaches the lateral margins of the sternum in Patithelphusa gen. nov (Fig. 2 C, F); G 1 terminal segment cone shaped, elongated, 0.4 times of subterminal segment, inner margin straight, outer margin convex in middle, with some long setae; tip triangular, not sharp (Fig. 3 A, B) (vs. G 1 stout, terminal segment relatively short, c. 0.3-0.35 times of subterminal segment, subterminal segment gently tapering towards terminal segment; figs 31 c – f, 33 a, b, 35 c – f, 33 d – e, Bahir and Yeo 2007).</p><p>Genus Vela is closely related to the new genus, though there are some distinct morphological features that easily separate these two genera. The epigastric cristae is smooth in Vela (fig. 46 a, Bahir and Yeo 2007), while it is distinctly rugose in Patithelphusa gen. nov. (Fig. 2 A); postorbital cristae and epigastric cristae are confluent (fig. 46 a, Bahir and Yeo 2007), however postorbital cristae and epigastric cristae are not confluent in Patithelphusa (Fig. 2 A); sixth somite of the male pleon distinctly longer than broad (figs 45 B, 46 c, Bahir and Yeo 2007), however sixth somite broader than long in Patithelphusa (Fig. 2 E); branchial region relatively swollen (fig. 46 a, Bahir and Yeo 2007), while branchial region gently convex in Patithelphusa gen. nov. (Fig. 2 A); G 1 terminal segment cone shaped, 0.4 times of subterminal segment, inner margin straight, outer margin convex in middle (Fig. 3 A, B) (vs. G 1 terminal segment more slender and long, 0.45-0.5 times of subterminal segment, outer margin not convex; figs 45 c – e, 47 b – e: Bahir and Yeo 2007).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D3A7991CF3A15C8881E6977897B62DF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Mitra, Santanu;Rath, Shibananda;Jung, Won-Kyo;Kim, Hyun-Woo;Kundu, Shantanu	Mitra, Santanu, Rath, Shibananda, Jung, Won-Kyo, Kim, Hyun-Woo, Kundu, Shantanu (2025): Scuttling in the highlands: Discovery of a new genus and species of freshwater crabs (Decapoda, Gecarcinucidae) from the Eastern Ghats, India. ZooKeys 1257: 71-90, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.156494
ABF1BF47A22551339E572FEBCC6D0FAB.text	ABF1BF47A22551339E572FEBCC6D0FAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Patithelphusa yercaudensis Mitra & Rath & Jung & Kim & Kundu 2025	<div><p>Patithelphusa yercaudensis sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2, 4</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>This species is named after its type locality, Yercaud, a town and hill station in Salem District in Tamil Nadu, India. Located in the Shevaroy Hills in the Eastern Ghats, it is situated at an altitude of 1515 m. Used as a noun in apposition. Suggested common name: Yercaud crab.</p><p>Type specimens.</p><p>Holotype: • 1 male (cw 29.22 mm, cl 20.83 mm, ch 12.41 mm, fw 8.36 mm). Locality: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.23314&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=11.827111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.23314/lat 11.827111)">Manjakuttai</a>, Shevaroy Hills, Yercaud, District. Salem, Tamil Nadu, India, 11°49'37.6"N, 78°13'59.3"E; elevation 1504 m; date of collection, 27. 02. 2024; collected by S. Mitra; ZSIC Reg no. CR 396 . Paratype: • 1 female (cw 21.20 mm, cl 15.25 mm, ch 8.82 mm, fw 5.82 mm); collection data same as above; ZSIC Reg. no. CR 397 .</p><p>Colourations.</p><p>Dark brown to chocolate colour in live condition. The cheliped and ventral colouration is light brown mixed with light yellow. The female is a little darker than the male.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>The species is known only from the type locality, Yercaud (Fig. 1) of the District Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>See genus Diagnosis.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Carapace distinctly broader than long (cw / cl = 1.4), deep (ch / cl = 0.6), dorsal surface gently convex in frontal view; epigastric cristae low, rugose, slightly anterior to postorbital cristae, postorbital cristae sharp extended up to epibranchial tooth; external orbital angle widely triangular, blunt, outer margin serrated, 4.5 times of inner margin; supraorbital margin sinuate, granulated (Fig. 2 A), no notch between infraorbital margin and external orbital tooth (Fig. 2 B); epibranchial tooth short, distinct notch between epibranchial tooth and outer margin of external orbital tooth; anterolateral margin distinctly convex, cristate, shorter than posterolateral margins, anterolateral region distinctly convex with some oblique striae, posterolateral margin gently concave.</p><p>Cervical groove well demarcated along its course, broad and shallow anteriorly, relatively deep and narrow posteriorly, not reaching to the postorbital cristae; mesogastric groove shallow, I-shaped; H-shaped groove distinct (Fig. 2 A); sub-hepatic region rugose with some short striae, suborbital and pterygostomial region smooth. Front relatively narrow (fw / cw = 0.3), orbit bluntly triangular, eyes occupy most of the orbital space, eye stalk massive, cornea large, frontal median triangle complete, very short; epistomal median lobe with a distinct triangular tooth, tip bilobed; antennae short, just reaching to the base of eyestalk; antennular fossae horizontally broad (Fig. 2 B).</p><p>Third maxilliped ischium almost quadrangular, 1.6 times longer than broad, longitudinal median groove shallow, merus pentagonal, mesial margin straight; exopods longer than ischium, reaching third of merus, with long flagellum wider than merus (Fig. 2 D). Suture between S 1 / S 2 not visible, suture between S 2 / S 3 as shallow broad groove not reaching to lateral margins of sternum; suture between S 3 / S 4 shallow broad not interrupted by any ridge, reaching to lateral edge of sternum (Fig. 2 C, F). Sternopleonal cavity reaching median part of the cheliped coxae, male pleon T-shaped, somite six squarish, proximal width slightly longer than median length, lateral margin gently concave; telson as long as broad, distinctly shorter than somite six, free end almost truncated to rounded (Fig. 2 E).</p><p>Cheliped sub-equal, left cheliped slightly larger than right, major cheliped longer than P 3, hands of major cheliped stout, cutting edge of fixed finger with large submedian teeth, along with 2–3 subteeth; cutting edge of movable finger with several small and 3–4 large triangular teeth, tips of both fingers pointed and curved; (Fig. 2 G); ambulatory legs stout, merus of P 3 shorter than carapace length.</p><p>G 1 subterminal segment relatively slender, basally broad, terminal segment cone shaped, elongated, 0.4 times of subterminal segment, inner margin straight, outer margin convex in middle, with some long setae; tip triangular, not sharp (Fig. 3 A, B). The G 2 c. 1.2 times longer than G 1, subterminal segment long, basally broad, terminal segment slightly shorter than half of the subterminal segment (Fig. 3 C).</p><p>Variation.</p><p>Paratype female is morphologically most similar to holotype male, except for the genital characters. Carapace gently convex, postorbital cristae prominent, cervical groove shallow broad, distinct along its course (Fig. 4 A); female paratype, however, slightly differs in some morphological characters, median tooth of epistomal median lobe rounded, tip truncated (Fig. 4 B) (vs. epistomal median lobe with triangular tooth, tip bilobed in holotype male, Fig. 2 B); carapace less convex (Fig. 4 A) (vs. carapace more convex in holotype male, Fig. 2 A). Female specimen is not fully mature, hence female pleon not fully covering the sternum (Fig. 4 C). Female gonopore small, horizontally oval, occupying approximately 1 / 5 of the length of S 6, positioned close to S 5 / S 6 (Fig. 4 D).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The newly described species is currently the sole representative of the proposed monotypic genus Patithelphusa . This new species, Patithelphusa yercaudensis sp. nov., has some distinct morphological features; i. e., broad and shallow cervical groove, triangular bilobed median teeth on the epistomial median lobe, a blunt external orbital tooth with a relatively long outer margin and a distinct G 1 terminal segment with a triangular tip (Figs 2 A – F; 3 A, B). In this study, the female paratype was observed to be smaller than the male holotype, raising the possibility of whether the differences reflect sexual dimorphism or ontogenetic variation. However, given the limited sample size, further investigation is recommended to confirm these morphological differences of the newly proposed species. Overall, the discovery of this new genus and species within Gecarcinucidae represents a significant contribution to the scientific understanding of freshwater crabs in India and globally. This novel species is meticulously described morphologically, with comparisons drawn to its closest relatives within the family Gecarcinucidae . With this addition, the total count of gecarcinucid crabs in India now stands at 112 species under 31 genera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ABF1BF47A22551339E572FEBCC6D0FAB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Mitra, Santanu;Rath, Shibananda;Jung, Won-Kyo;Kim, Hyun-Woo;Kundu, Shantanu	Mitra, Santanu, Rath, Shibananda, Jung, Won-Kyo, Kim, Hyun-Woo, Kundu, Shantanu (2025): Scuttling in the highlands: Discovery of a new genus and species of freshwater crabs (Decapoda, Gecarcinucidae) from the Eastern Ghats, India. ZooKeys 1257: 71-90, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.156494
