taxonID	type	description	language	source
855C87FDFFE8AD52FF23FE04FC70696D.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Rio Pardo de Minas, Parque Estadual de Serra Nova, 15 ° 39 ’ 49.0 ” S, 42 ° 46 ’ 14.0 ” W, 1385 a. s. l., 26 March 2023 (fl., fr.), L. A. A. Góes-Neto, P. L. S. Miranda, M. Piacesi, A. F. S. Pereira, L. C. Assis & J. A. N. Batista 784 (holotype: BHZB!). (Fig. 1) Diagnosis: — Calea riopardensis resembles C. repanda, but is distinguishable from the latter by the petiole 0.6 – 0.7 cm long (vs. 1.3 – 1.5 cm), leaf base attenuate (vs. rounded), peduncle 1.75 – 3.25 cm long (vs. 0.45 – 0.7 cm), involucre 10.5 – 10.6 mm long (vs. 12.2 – 12.7 mm), ray floret corolla 15.8 – 16.5 mm long (vs. 13.4 – 13.8 mm), disc corolla 5.7 – 5.9 mm long (vs. 5 – 5.4 mm), and cypselae 3.5 – 3.8 mm long (vs. 3.0 – 3.2 mm). Shrubby habit, erect, branched, 0.6 m tall. Stems castaneous, cylindrical, non-striate, glabrous or strigose, internodes 0.68 – 1.67 cm long. Leaves decussate petiolate, 0.6 – 0.7 mm long; blades 2.1 – 4 × 0.65 – 2 cm, narrowly oblong to oblanceolate, base attenuate, apex obtuse, venation acrodromous basal, margin pauciserrate, whitish-green, slightly revolute on apex; abaxial surface glabrous, veins sparsely strigose, eglandular, adaxial surface glabrous; coriaceous, green, concolorous. Capitulescence cymose, axis 0 – 1.4 cm long, branching to 2 nd order ramifications, 2 – 4 secondary stems; peduncle 1.75 – 3.25 cm long, glabrous to sparsely strigose, eglandular. Capitulum heterogamous, radiate, involucrum wide cylindrical to narrow campanulate, 10.5 – 10.6 × 11 – 11.2 mm, 6 - seriate; phyllaries conspicuously striate, two outermost series foliaceous, olivaceous, apex obtuse, margin entire, whitish-green, flat, glabrous, glandular-punctate; first series blade 4.75 – 6.3 × 3.8 – 5 mm, suborbicular to wide obovate, 6 – 7 - striate; second series blade 4.6 – 6 × 3.6 – 3.8 mm, narrow ovate or oblong, 8 - striate; three intermediate series scarious, pale green to pale yellow, apex rounded, margin entire, ciliate to densely ciliate, pale yellow, flat, glabrous; third series blade 6.5 – 8 × 3.4 – 3.8 mm, narrow ovate or oblong, 8 - striate; fourth series blade 7.8 – 8 × 3.9 – 4 mm, oblong, 8 – 10 - striate; fifth series blade 8 – 8.4 × 3.6 – 3.8 mm, oblong, 8 – 10 - striate; innermost series blade 7.5 – 7.8 × 2.9 – 3 mm, narrow oblong, apex obtuse, margin entire, ciliate to densely ciliate, pale yellow, flat, glabrous, 8 – 10 - striate, scarious, pale green to pale yellow. Receptacle convex, holopaleaceous, paleae 8 – 8.2 × 2.5 – 2.7 mm, oblanceolate, concave, apex obtuse, yellow. Ray florets 6 – 8, pistillate, corolla liguliform, 15.8 – 16.5 mm long, tube 3.5 – 4 mm long, limb 12.3 – 12.5 × 4.9 – 5 mm, wide oblanceolate to oblong, apex 4 - lobulate, 5 – 7 veins, yellow, abaxial surface densely glandular-punctate, adaxial surface glabrous; style arms 0.6 – 0.7 mm long, yellow. Disc florets ca. 35, bisexual, corolla tubulose, 5.7 – 5.9 mm long, tube 1.7 – 1.9 mm long, lobes 1.1 – 1.3 mm long, yellow, glandular-punctate; anthers 2.4 – 3 mm long, apical anther appendages deltoid, yellow; style arms 0.7 – 0.9 mm long, linear, yellow. Cypselae 3.5 – 3.8 mm long, black, prismatic, ray cypselae 3 - angled, disc cypselae 4 - angled, sparsely puberulous or glabrous, ribs densely puberulous or glabrous; pappus 10 – 12 scales, bitypic, bilength or polylength, free, uniseriate, shorter scales 1.2 – 2.3 mm long, medium scales 1.7 – 1.8 mm long (present only in the polylength scales), longer scales 2.2 – 2.8 mm long, elliptical or oblong, rarely oblanceolate, apex obtuse, often acuminate, margins entire, erose. Etymology: — The epithet “ riopardensis ” is the latinized form of the gentile of the Rio Pardo de Minas, the municipality where the species was collected. Distribution, habitat and phenology: — Calea riopardensis occurs in the north of Minas Gerais (Fig. 2). This new species grows in campo rupestre areas (Miola et al. 2021) associated with sandy soils in elevations around 1385 m a. s. l .. The specimen was collected in March with florets and fruits. Conservation Status: — The Serra Talhada State Park area still needs to present studies of its flora, which reflects a smaller number of plant collections in herbaria. We still have a few records to assess the distribution of species better. However, the Vulnerable status (VU) is indicated, using D 2 criteria, considering the knowledge of only one record for C. riopardensis. In the Espinhaço Range, fire, mining and cattle are the most common kinds of treats. However, the species is in a region with a lower incidence of fires, different from regions south of Serra do Espinhaço. Although quartzite mining has increased considerably along this mountain range, this activity is forbidden inside the protected area. The protected area manages to maintain reasonable control of anthropogenic pressures arising from the surrounding area. Unfortunately, the presence of cattle into areas of the park has been observed, which can compromise the population with stochastic events that degrade environmental conditions.	en	Bueno, Vinícius R., Bentes, Marina Soares, Ramos, Renato, Zavatin, Danilo A., Prata-Silveira, Ananda (2025): Three new species of Calea (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae) from the sky islands of the Espinhaço Range. Phytotaxa 689 (2): 185-203, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.2.2
855C87FDFFEEAD59FF23FB7BFD816AB9.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Monte Azul, Pico da Formosa, 15 ° 13 ’ 23.0 ” S, 42 ° 48 ’ 43.4 ” W, 30 June 2023 (fl., fr.), D. A. Zavatin, F. R. Sousa & S. B. Anjos 1872 (holotype: BHZB!; isotype SPF!). (Figs. 3, 4) Diagnosis: — Calea roqueana is morphologically close to C. repanda, but it is distinguishable from the latter by the sessile leaves (vs. petiolate leaves), peduncle 1.2 – 5.5 cm long (vs. 0.45 – 0.7 cm), two outermost series of phyllaries foliaceous (vs. scarious with apex foliaceous), paleae 13 – 13.9 mm long (vs. 8.2 – 9.6 mm), and cypselae 3.8 – 4.6 mm long (vs. 3.0 – 3.2 mm). Shrubby habit, erect, slightly branched, 0.45 – 0.6 m tall. Stems castaneous, cylindrical, non-striate, often striate, densely tomentose or densely pilose, often pilose, internodes 0.78 – 6.25 cm long. Leaves decussate, sessile; blades 1.35 – 3.86 × 0.65 – 3.49 cm, wide ovate or suborbiculate, sometimes narrow ovate or very wide ovate or orbiculate, base subcordate to rounded, apex obtuse, rarely rounded, venation acrodromous basal, margin crenate-serrate, slightly revolute; abaxial densely pilose to sparsely pilose, often sparsely hirsute, veins densely pilose, densely glandular-punctate, often glandular-punctate, adaxial surface pilose to sparsely pilose, eglandular; coriaceous, green, concolorous. Capitulescence cymose, axis 0 – 0.75 cm long, branching to 2 nd order ramifications, 2 – 4 secondary stems, sometimes monocephalous; peduncle 1.2 – 5.5 cm long, densely pilose, often densely hirsute, eglandular. Capitulum heterogamous, radiate, involucrum wide cylindrical, often campanulate (6.5 –) 12.1 – 14.4 × 8.1 – 16.6 mm, 7 - seriate; two outermost series of phyllaries olivaceous, foliaceous, inconspicuously striate, apex obtuse, margin entire, green, densely pilose or puberulous; first series blade 6.6 – 7 × 4.5 – 4.7 mm, wide elliptic, margin revolute, densely glandular-punctate or glandular-punctate, margin revolute, 2 - striate; second series blade 5 – 5.8 × 5.2 – 5.4 mm, orbiculate or panduriform, sparsely glandular-punctate, margin revolute apically, 4 – 6 - striate; third series yellowish green to green, scarious or scarious with apex foliaceous, blade 7.1 – 7.7 × 5.2 – 5.8 mm, ovate to wide ovate or panduriform, apex obtuse, margin entire, densely ciliate, revolute apically or flat, glabrescent, apex glandular-punctate or eglandular, 8 – 12 - striate; two intermediate series yellowish green to pale yellow, scarious, blade ovate, sometimes narrow ovate, apex rounded, margin entire, whitish-green, flat, glabrous, conspicuously striate; fourth series blade 7.5 – 7.8 × 5.4 – 5.7 mm, 10 – 12 - striate; fifth series blade 8.5 – 10.2 × 5.2 – 5.4 mm, 10 – 12 - striate; two innermost series yellowish green to pale yellow to translucid, blade scarious, margin entire, pale yellow, flat, glabrous, conspicuously striate; sixth series blade 10.2 – 11.9 × 4.2 – 5.5 mm, oblong, apex rounded, 10 – 13 - striate; seventh series blade 12.5 – 14 × 3.5 – 3.7 mm, oblong or narrow oblong, apex obtuse, 8 – 10 - striate. Receptacle convex, holopaleaceous, paleae 13 – 13.9 × 2.4 – 2.5 mm, oblanceolate, concave, apex obtuse, yellow. Ray florets 5 – 9, pistillate, corolla liguliform, 15.9 – 18.8 mm long, tube 4 – 4.4 mm long, limb 11.9 – 14.4 × 5 – 5.1 mm, wide oblanceolate to oblong, apex 3 – 4 - lobulate, 4 – 5 veins, yellow, abaxial surface densely glandular-punctate to glandular-punctate, adaxial surface glabrous; style arms 1.1 – 1.2 mm long, yellow. Disc florets 35 – 40, bisexual, corolla tubulose, 6.1 – 7.5 mm long, tube 1.3 – 2.3 mm long, lobes 1 – 1.6 mm long, yellow, glabrous or sparsely glandular-punctate; anthers 2.4 – 3.5 mm long, apical anther appendages ovate, yellow; style arms 0.9 – 1.7 mm long, linear, yellow. Cypselae 3.8 – 4.6 mm long, black, obconic, ray cypselae 3 - angled, disc cypselae 4 - angled, glabrous, ribs puberulous to densely puberulous; pappus 8 – 11 scales, monotypic, polylength, free, uniseriate, shorter scales 2.8 – 3.6 mm long, medium scales 3.2 – 4.5 mm long, longer scales 4.2 – 5.3 mm long, linear, apex acuminate, margins entire, erose. Etymology: — The epithet “ roqueana ” was given in honor of Dr. Nádia Roque (1970 – 2024), who was a biologist with master and doctorate degrees in Botany. She was a professor at the Universidade Federal da Bahia (Federal University of Bahia — UFBA) and served as curator of the ALCB herbarium (Thiers 2025) for 11 years, in the vascular plants section. In addition to being a professor, she supervised undergraduate, master › s, and Ph. D. students at the Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (State University of Feira de Santana) and at UFBA, focusing on Systematics and Floristics research of Angiosperms, mainly Asteraceae. She was also a CNPq research productivity fellow and collaborated on projects with researchers from the Smithsonian Institution (United States of America), Museo de La Plata (Argentina), and Instituto de Biociências (Brazil). Nádia Roque was a prolific researcher with more than 100 articles published, three books organized or authored, 20 books chapters, and 36 new species described. As a collector, N. Roque made more than 5400 collections, and even the first collection of C. roqueana was made by her. Distribution, habitat and phenology: — Calea roqueana occurs in the south of Bahia and north of Minas Gerais, states of Brazil (Fig. 5). This new species grows in campo rupestre areas (Miola et al. 2021) associated with sandy soils and rock outcrops at elevations around 1300 – 1350 m a. s. l. The specimens were collected from June to August with florets and fruits. Conservation Status: — Among the taxonomic novelties of this study, C. roqueana is the only species that does not have records of occurrence within protected areas. The records found for C. roqueana are approximately 55 kilometers apart, which is an extremely considerable distance, considering that the species occurs along the high areas of the Northern Espinhaço. Although apparently contiguous, the mountain range presents a mosaic of different phytophysiognomies (cerrado, dry forest, caatinga, rocky fields, rocky outcrops, among others), with different soil types, comprising a set of mountain ranges, interrupted by embedded valleys. Thus, the environments where the species occurs are disjointed, with the occurrence of only two subpopulations being indicated, even though the collection efforts are increasing in the evaluated region. Therefore, it was impossible to assess the Extent of Occurrence (EOO), only the Occupation area (AOO, 8 km 2). As indicated for other new species in the region (Zavatin et al. 2023), the main impacts are clean energy projects implemented or under environmental licensing (wind and solar) and minings of quartzite stone for building coatings. Considering the distribution aspects and existing threats, the Critically Endangered (CR) status is indicated using the B 2 b (ii, iii, iv, v) and D criteria. Paratypes: — BRASIL. Bahia: Licínio de Almeida, Serra Geral, trilha para o riacho de areia, 14 ° 45 ’ 33.0 ” S, 42 ° 34 ’ 34.0 ” W, 07 August 2014, (fl., fr.), N. Roque, M. L. Guedes, A. Gandara & L. Campos 4479 (ALCB 115554). Minas Gerais, Monte Azul, montanha ao sul da cidade, 15 ° 13 ’ 23.0 ” S, 42 ° 48 ’ 43 ” W, 11 June 2022, (fl., fr.), M. L. Brotto & R. R. Voltz 5081 (MBM 438912).	en	Bueno, Vinícius R., Bentes, Marina Soares, Ramos, Renato, Zavatin, Danilo A., Prata-Silveira, Ananda (2025): Three new species of Calea (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae) from the sky islands of the Espinhaço Range. Phytotaxa 689 (2): 185-203, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.2.2
855C87FDFFE2AD5AFF23FCDAFBD16C0C.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Rio Pardo de Minas, Parque Estadual de Serra Nova e Talhado, trilha em direção à casa de apoio, 15 ° 38 ’ 50 ” S, 42 ° 44 ’ 22 ” W, 27 August 2019 (fl., fr.), V. S. Miranda 543 (holotype: VIES!; isotype MCCA!). (Figs. 6, 7) Diagnosis: — Calea strigosa is morphologically similar to C. sessilifolia, but can be individualized by being 0.4 – 1.0 m tall (vs. 0.1 – 0.25 m), base subcordate (vs. rounded), abaxial surface strigose of leaves and two outermost series (vs. without tector trichomes), involucre 6 - seriate (vs. 5 - seriate), ray floret corolla 14 – 15.1 mm long (vs. 10.9 – 11.9 mm), and disc floret corolla 6.3 – 7.1 mm long (vs. 4.3 – 5.8 mm). Shrubby or herb habit, erect, slightly branched or unbranched, 0.4 – 1.0 m tall. Stems castaneous, cylindrical, non-striate, densely strigose to strigose, sometimes strigose, internodes 1.25 – 7.04 (– 9.41 – 12.39) cm long. Leaves decussate, petiole 0.2 – 0.8 mm long or sessile; blades 0.82 – 2.66 × 0.58 – 2.03 cm, ovate or elliptic, often very wide ovate to wide ovate, sometimes orbiculate to suborbiculate, base subcordate, apex obtuse, sometimes acuminate, venation acrodromous basal, margin serrate, 1 – 6 teeth, 0.3 – 0.7 mm long, from the middle to apex leaf, rarely along the leaf, revolute; abaxial surface strigose, sometimes strigillose, veins densely strigose to strigose, sometimes strigillose, densely glandular-foveolate, adaxial surface strigose, sometimes sparsely strigose, densely glandular-foveolate; chartaceous, green, concolorous or slightly discolorous. Capitulescence cymose, axis 0 – 12.4 cm long, branching to 2 nd order ramifications, rarely 3 nd order, 2 – 4 secondary stems, sometimes monocephalous; peduncle 1.87 – 5.68 (– 7.02) cm long, sparsely pilose to densely pilose, often glandular-punctate. Capitulum heterogamous, radiate, involucrum wide cylindrical or campanulate 9.5 – 14.5 × 9.7 – 13.7 mm, 6 - seriate; two outermost series of phyllaries foliaceous, green, margin entire, green, strigose, sparsely glandular-punctate, first series blade 4 – 4.7 × 3.3 – 3.6 mm, suborbiculate to wide elliptic, apex obtuse, rarely acuminate, apically revolute, 1 – 3 - striate; second series blade 4.8 – 5 × 4.2 – 4.6 mm, suborbiculate to orbiculate, apex obtuse, rarely acuminate, flat or rarely apically revolute, 8 – 10 - striate; innermost series of phyllaries scarious, greenish to pale yellow, glabrous, margin entire, green, flat, third series blade 5.4 – 6.3 × 3.8 – 4.3 mm, ovate, apex rounded, 8 – 10 - striate; fourth series blade 7.7 – 8.6 × 4.6 – 5.2 mm, ovate, apex rounded, 14 – 15 - striate; fifth series blade 9.3 – 9.8 × 4.2 – 4.9 mm, oblong, apex rounded, sometimes obtuse, margin ciliate to sparsely ciliate, 9 – 14 - striate; sixth series blade 9.2 – 10 × 2 – 3 mm, narrow elliptic, apex obtuse, 5 – 6 - striate. Receptacle convex, holopaleaceous, paleae 8.4 – 11.2 × 2.4 – 3 mm, narrow oblong to narrow oblanceolate, concave, apex acuminate, yellow. Ray florets 8 – 10, pistillate, corolla liguliform, 14 – 15.1 mm long, tube 4.2 – 4.5 mm long, limb 9.8 – 10.6 × 2.8 – 2.9 mm, narrow oblong, apex 3 - lobulate, 5 veins, yellow, abaxial surface glandular-punctate, adaxial surface glabrous; style arms 1.4 – 1.5 mm long, yellow. Disc florets 25 – 30, bisexual, corolla tubulose, 6.3 – 7.1 mm long, tube 2.1 – 2.8 mm long, lobes 0.7 – 1.6 mm long, yellow, sparsely glandular-punctate; anthers 2.8 – 3.3 mm long, apical anther appendages ovate, yellow; style arms 1.4 – 1.5 mm long, linear, yellow. Cypselae 3.2 – 4.1 mm long, black with golden angles, prismatics, ray cypselae 3 - angled, disc cypselae 4 - angled, glabrous to pilose, ribs pilose to densely pilose; pappus 9 – 12 scales, monotypic, polylength, free, uniseriate, shorter scales 1.7 – 2.8 mm long, medium scales 2.6 – 3.6 mm long, longer scales 3.3 – 4 mm long, linear, sometimes lanceolate, apex acuminate, margins entire, erose. Etymology: — The epithet “ strigosa ” refers to the strigose indument of the stems, abaxial leaf surface, and outer involucral phyllaries of the new species. Distribution, habitat and phenology: — Calea strigosa, like C. riopardensis, is endemic to the municipality of Rio Pardo de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Fig. 7). Calea strigosa grows in campo rupestre areas (Miola et al. 2021) associated with sandy soils and rock outcrops in elevations around 1300 – 1350 m a. s. l .. The specimens were collected in August with florets and fruits. Conservation Status: — Calea strigosa is indicated as Vulnerable (VU), due to the same aspects shown for C. riopardensis. Paratypes: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Rio Pardo de Minas, Parque Estadual de Serra Nova e Talhado, trilha principal, 27 August 2019 (fl., fr.), Q. S. Moraes 345 (MCCA 3649; VIES 045481); Minas Gerais: Rio Pardo de Minas, Parque Estadual de Serra Nova e Talhado, trilha em direção à casa de apoio, 15 ° 38 ’ 50 ” S, 42 ° 44 ’ 22 ” W, 27 August 2019 (fl., fr.), P. H. D. Barros 374 (VIES 045400); Minas Gerais: Rio Pardo de Minas, Parque Estadual de Serra Nova e Talhado, trilha em direção à casa de apoio, 15 ° 38 ’ 50 ” S, 42 ° 44 ’ 22 ” W, 27 August 2019 (fl., fr.), V. S. Miranda 543 (MCCA 3563; VIES 045395); Selected material examined from another species of Calea sickii group: — Calea diamantinensis. BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Diamantina, estrada Diamantina para Conselheiro Mata, km 187, 18 ° 16 ’ 29 ” S, 43 ° 42 ’ 46 ” W, 24 September 2008, (fl., fr.), R. Romero, A. I. M. R. Machado, D. J. P. Gonçalves, F. S. Freitas & P. N. Soares 8164 (HUFU 00060301). Calea grazielae. BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, km 108 da rodovia MG 010, 19 ° 17 ’ 04.0 ” S, 43 ° 35 ’ 18.0 ” W, 31 May 2007, (fl., fr.), M. A. Pena 310 (ICN 00054335). Calea intermedia. BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Várzea da Palma, Serra do Cabral, Agroindustrial Serra do Cabral, 20 May 2001, (fl., fr.), G. Hatschbach 72253 (HUFU 00043681). Calea irwinii. BRAZIL. Goiás: Alto Paraíso de Goiás, 10 km W de Alto Paraíso, 24 March 1974, (fl., fr.), H. Irwin 25002 (US 00131343). Calea repanda. BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Rio Pardo de Minas, Serra Nova, sítio 25,15 ° 38 ’ 03.0 ” S 42 ° 42 ’ 51.0 ” W, 23 July 2017, (fl., fr.), A. C. Sevilha 7016 (CEN 00104193). Calea sessilifolia. BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Diamantina, Guinda, campo limpo úmido após a mineração Maracanã, 18 ° 17 ’ 53 ” S, 43 ° 44 ’ 09 ” W, 14 December 2023, (fl., fr.), J. Ordones, C. A. F. Ferreira Jr., T. Otoni & L. Brandão 2886 (BHZB 00003527). Calea sickii. BRAZIL. Distrito Federal: Brasília, reserva do Jardim Botânico, Morro do Cristo, 15 ° 55 ’ 05.0 ” S, 47 ° 53 ’ 33.0 ” W, 14 March 2019, (fl., fr.), V. R. Bueno, A. C. A. Soares & P. O. Rosa 104 (ICN 00054521).	en	Bueno, Vinícius R., Bentes, Marina Soares, Ramos, Renato, Zavatin, Danilo A., Prata-Silveira, Ananda (2025): Three new species of Calea (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae) from the sky islands of the Espinhaço Range. Phytotaxa 689 (2): 185-203, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.2.2
