taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171303/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171303	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171305/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171305	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171307/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171307	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19708827/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19708827	FIGURE 4. Antenna of Sinoxylon parviclava.	FIGURE 4. Antenna of Sinoxylon parviclava.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19708831/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19708831	FIGURE 5. Antennae of S. perforans (left) and S. bellicosum (right).	FIGURE 5. Antennae of S. perforans (left) and S. bellicosum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19708835/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19708835	FIGURE 6. Antennae of S. cucumella (left) and S. marseuli (right).	FIGURE 6. Antennae of S. cucumella (left) and S. marseuli (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171301/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171301	FIGURE 7. Antennae of S. anale (left), S. capillatum (middle) and S. flabrarius (right).	FIGURE 7. Antennae of S. anale (left), S. capillatum (middle) and S. flabrarius (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171312/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171312	FIGURE 11. Variation of frontal teeth. (a) S. atratum, (b) S. unidentatum, (c) S. anale. (d.) S. transvaalense, (e) S. senegalense and (f) S. epipleurale; (g)–(i) S. capilltatum.	FIGURE 11. Variation of frontal teeth. (a) S. atratum, (b) S. unidentatum, (c) S. anale. (d.) S. transvaalense, (e) S. senegalense and (f) S. epipleurale; (g)–(i) S. capilltatum.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171314/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171314	FIGURE 12. Variation of emergence damage of elytra and juxtasutural spines. (a.)–(c.) emergence damage of S. capillatum Lesne, 1895 provided by Dr. Michael Ivie (a. dorsal view, b. left lateral view, c. right lateral view). Variation of the juxtasutural spines of S. anale (d. & e.) and S. capillatum (f.–h.).	FIGURE 12. Variation of emergence damage of elytra and juxtasutural spines. (a.)–(c.) emergence damage of S. capillatum Lesne, 1895 provided by Dr. Michael Ivie (a. dorsal view, b. left lateral view, c. right lateral view). Variation of the juxtasutural spines of S. anale (d. & e.) and S. capillatum (f.–h.).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171326/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171326	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171316/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171316	FIGURE 13. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon circuitum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon lycturum Lesne, 1936, (Holotype, NFIC). (E, F) Sinoxylon oleare Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon parviclava Lesne, 1918. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 13. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon circuitum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon lycturum Lesne, 1936, (Holotype, NFIC). (E, F) Sinoxylon oleare Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon parviclava Lesne, 1918. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171324/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171324	FIGURE 16. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–3. (A, B) Sinoxylon pubens Lesne, 1906, A provided by Dr. Zheng, B is Holotype (MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon pygmaeum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon tignarium Lesne, 1902, provided by Dr. Wang. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 16. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–3. (A, B) Sinoxylon pubens Lesne, 1906, A provided by Dr. Zheng, B is Holotype (MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon pygmaeum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon tignarium Lesne, 1902, provided by Dr. Wang. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171320/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171320	FIGURE 14. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(I). (A, B) Sinoxylon lesnei Vrydagh, 1955. (C, D) Sinoxylon philippinense Lesne, 1938. (E, F) Sinoxylon verrugerum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon rejectum (Hope, 1845), (Syntype of synonym, S. eucerum Lesne, 1932, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon dichroum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 1mm (left one refers to A to F; right one refers to G to J).	FIGURE 14. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(I). (A, B) Sinoxylon lesnei Vrydagh, 1955. (C, D) Sinoxylon philippinense Lesne, 1938. (E, F) Sinoxylon verrugerum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon rejectum (Hope, 1845), (Syntype of synonym, S. eucerum Lesne, 1932, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon dichroum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 1mm (left one refers to A to F; right one refers to G to J).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171322/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171322	FIGURE 15. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(II). (A, B) Sinoxylon indicum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon villosum Lesne, 1895, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon sexdentatum (Olivier, 1790). (G, H) Sinoxylon perforans (Schrank, 1789). Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 15. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(II). (A, B) Sinoxylon indicum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon villosum Lesne, 1895, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon sexdentatum (Olivier, 1790). (G, H) Sinoxylon perforans (Schrank, 1789). Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171297/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171297	FIGURE 2. Lateral view of the elytral declivity of S. anale showing the upwardly directed end of the upper margin of the postepipleuron.	FIGURE 2. Lateral view of the elytral declivity of S. anale showing the upwardly directed end of the upper margin of the postepipleuron.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171334/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171334	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171328/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171328	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171332/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171332	FIGURE 20. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon convexicauda Lesne 1932. (C, D) Sinoxylon pachyodon Lesne, 1906. (E, F) Sinoxylon sudanicum Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 20. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon convexicauda Lesne 1932. (C, D) Sinoxylon pachyodon Lesne, 1906. (E, F) Sinoxylon sudanicum Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171330/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171330	FIGURE 19. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon bufo Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon cucumella Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon luzonicum Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G,H) Sinoxylon malaccanum Lesne, 1930, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 19. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon bufo Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon cucumella Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon luzonicum Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G,H) Sinoxylon malaccanum Lesne, 1930, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDBC235FF38FD68B7C3FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171340/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171340	FIGURE 22. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon divaricatum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon rufobasale Fairmaire, 1888, (Holotype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801). (G, H) Sinoxylon fuscovestitum Lesne, 1919, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon flabrarius Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 22. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon divaricatum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon rufobasale Fairmaire, 1888, (Holotype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801). (G, H) Sinoxylon fuscovestitum Lesne, 1919, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon flabrarius Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFDCC22AFF38FBF9B1B3FD88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171316/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171316	FIGURE 13. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon circuitum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon lycturum Lesne, 1936, (Holotype, NFIC). (E, F) Sinoxylon oleare Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon parviclava Lesne, 1918. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 13. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon circuitum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon lycturum Lesne, 1936, (Holotype, NFIC). (E, F) Sinoxylon oleare Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon parviclava Lesne, 1918. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFC3C22AFF38FD44B2B7F8DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171316/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171316	FIGURE 13. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon circuitum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon lycturum Lesne, 1936, (Holotype, NFIC). (E, F) Sinoxylon oleare Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon parviclava Lesne, 1918. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 13. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon circuitum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon lycturum Lesne, 1936, (Holotype, NFIC). (E, F) Sinoxylon oleare Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon parviclava Lesne, 1918. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFC2C228FF38FCE3B685FD78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171316/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171316	FIGURE 13. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon circuitum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon lycturum Lesne, 1936, (Holotype, NFIC). (E, F) Sinoxylon oleare Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon parviclava Lesne, 1918. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 13. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon circuitum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon lycturum Lesne, 1936, (Holotype, NFIC). (E, F) Sinoxylon oleare Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon parviclava Lesne, 1918. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFC1C229FF38FCD4B778FEF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171316/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171316	FIGURE 13. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon circuitum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon lycturum Lesne, 1936, (Holotype, NFIC). (E, F) Sinoxylon oleare Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon parviclava Lesne, 1918. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 13. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon circuitum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon lycturum Lesne, 1936, (Holotype, NFIC). (E, F) Sinoxylon oleare Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon parviclava Lesne, 1918. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFC0C22EFF38FD8CB74EFF4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171320/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171320	FIGURE 14. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(I). (A, B) Sinoxylon lesnei Vrydagh, 1955. (C, D) Sinoxylon philippinense Lesne, 1938. (E, F) Sinoxylon verrugerum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon rejectum (Hope, 1845), (Syntype of synonym, S. eucerum Lesne, 1932, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon dichroum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 1mm (left one refers to A to F; right one refers to G to J).	FIGURE 14. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(I). (A, B) Sinoxylon lesnei Vrydagh, 1955. (C, D) Sinoxylon philippinense Lesne, 1938. (E, F) Sinoxylon verrugerum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon rejectum (Hope, 1845), (Syntype of synonym, S. eucerum Lesne, 1932, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon dichroum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 1mm (left one refers to A to F; right one refers to G to J).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFC7C22FFF38FE80B6E7FED0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171322/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171322	FIGURE 15. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(II). (A, B) Sinoxylon indicum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon villosum Lesne, 1895, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon sexdentatum (Olivier, 1790). (G, H) Sinoxylon perforans (Schrank, 1789). Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 15. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(II). (A, B) Sinoxylon indicum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon villosum Lesne, 1895, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon sexdentatum (Olivier, 1790). (G, H) Sinoxylon perforans (Schrank, 1789). Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFC7C22FFF38FE80B6E7FED0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171297/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171297	FIGURE 2. Lateral view of the elytral declivity of S. anale showing the upwardly directed end of the upper margin of the postepipleuron.	FIGURE 2. Lateral view of the elytral declivity of S. anale showing the upwardly directed end of the upper margin of the postepipleuron.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFC6C22FFF38FE7CB3FCF956.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171320/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171320	FIGURE 14. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(I). (A, B) Sinoxylon lesnei Vrydagh, 1955. (C, D) Sinoxylon philippinense Lesne, 1938. (E, F) Sinoxylon verrugerum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon rejectum (Hope, 1845), (Syntype of synonym, S. eucerum Lesne, 1932, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon dichroum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 1mm (left one refers to A to F; right one refers to G to J).	FIGURE 14. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(I). (A, B) Sinoxylon lesnei Vrydagh, 1955. (C, D) Sinoxylon philippinense Lesne, 1938. (E, F) Sinoxylon verrugerum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon rejectum (Hope, 1845), (Syntype of synonym, S. eucerum Lesne, 1932, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon dichroum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 1mm (left one refers to A to F; right one refers to G to J).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFC6C22CFF38F8F9B1E3F92C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171322/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171322	FIGURE 15. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(II). (A, B) Sinoxylon indicum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon villosum Lesne, 1895, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon sexdentatum (Olivier, 1790). (G, H) Sinoxylon perforans (Schrank, 1789). Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 15. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(II). (A, B) Sinoxylon indicum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon villosum Lesne, 1895, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon sexdentatum (Olivier, 1790). (G, H) Sinoxylon perforans (Schrank, 1789). Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFC5C22DFF38F920B3FCFB14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171320/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171320	FIGURE 14. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(I). (A, B) Sinoxylon lesnei Vrydagh, 1955. (C, D) Sinoxylon philippinense Lesne, 1938. (E, F) Sinoxylon verrugerum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon rejectum (Hope, 1845), (Syntype of synonym, S. eucerum Lesne, 1932, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon dichroum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 1mm (left one refers to A to F; right one refers to G to J).	FIGURE 14. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(I). (A, B) Sinoxylon lesnei Vrydagh, 1955. (C, D) Sinoxylon philippinense Lesne, 1938. (E, F) Sinoxylon verrugerum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon rejectum (Hope, 1845), (Syntype of synonym, S. eucerum Lesne, 1932, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon dichroum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 1mm (left one refers to A to F; right one refers to G to J).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFC4C222FF38FB38B0D2FA84.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171320/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171320	FIGURE 14. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(I). (A, B) Sinoxylon lesnei Vrydagh, 1955. (C, D) Sinoxylon philippinense Lesne, 1938. (E, F) Sinoxylon verrugerum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon rejectum (Hope, 1845), (Syntype of synonym, S. eucerum Lesne, 1932, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon dichroum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 1mm (left one refers to A to F; right one refers to G to J).	FIGURE 14. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(I). (A, B) Sinoxylon lesnei Vrydagh, 1955. (C, D) Sinoxylon philippinense Lesne, 1938. (E, F) Sinoxylon verrugerum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon rejectum (Hope, 1845), (Syntype of synonym, S. eucerum Lesne, 1932, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon dichroum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 1mm (left one refers to A to F; right one refers to G to J).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFCBC223FF38FA48B31AFBA4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171322/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171322	FIGURE 15. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(II). (A, B) Sinoxylon indicum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon villosum Lesne, 1895, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon sexdentatum (Olivier, 1790). (G, H) Sinoxylon perforans (Schrank, 1789). Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 15. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(II). (A, B) Sinoxylon indicum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon villosum Lesne, 1895, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon sexdentatum (Olivier, 1790). (G, H) Sinoxylon perforans (Schrank, 1789). Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFCAC220FF38FBA8B324FD30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171320/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171320	FIGURE 14. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(I). (A, B) Sinoxylon lesnei Vrydagh, 1955. (C, D) Sinoxylon philippinense Lesne, 1938. (E, F) Sinoxylon verrugerum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon rejectum (Hope, 1845), (Syntype of synonym, S. eucerum Lesne, 1932, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon dichroum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 1mm (left one refers to A to F; right one refers to G to J).	FIGURE 14. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(I). (A, B) Sinoxylon lesnei Vrydagh, 1955. (C, D) Sinoxylon philippinense Lesne, 1938. (E, F) Sinoxylon verrugerum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon rejectum (Hope, 1845), (Syntype of synonym, S. eucerum Lesne, 1932, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon dichroum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 1mm (left one refers to A to F; right one refers to G to J).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFC9C220FF38FD1CB3FCF83A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171322/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171322	FIGURE 15. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(II). (A, B) Sinoxylon indicum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon villosum Lesne, 1895, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon sexdentatum (Olivier, 1790). (G, H) Sinoxylon perforans (Schrank, 1789). Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 15. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–2(II). (A, B) Sinoxylon indicum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon villosum Lesne, 1895, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon sexdentatum (Olivier, 1790). (G, H) Sinoxylon perforans (Schrank, 1789). Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFC8C226FF38FA02B6E3FC52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171324/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171324	FIGURE 16. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–3. (A, B) Sinoxylon pubens Lesne, 1906, A provided by Dr. Zheng, B is Holotype (MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon pygmaeum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon tignarium Lesne, 1902, provided by Dr. Wang. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 16. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–3. (A, B) Sinoxylon pubens Lesne, 1906, A provided by Dr. Zheng, B is Holotype (MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon pygmaeum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon tignarium Lesne, 1902, provided by Dr. Wang. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFCFC227FF38FBFDB384FD30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171324/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171324	FIGURE 16. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–3. (A, B) Sinoxylon pubens Lesne, 1906, A provided by Dr. Zheng, B is Holotype (MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon pygmaeum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon tignarium Lesne, 1902, provided by Dr. Wang. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 16. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–3. (A, B) Sinoxylon pubens Lesne, 1906, A provided by Dr. Zheng, B is Holotype (MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon pygmaeum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon tignarium Lesne, 1902, provided by Dr. Wang. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFCEC224FF38FD1CB139FCB9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171324/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171324	FIGURE 16. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–3. (A, B) Sinoxylon pubens Lesne, 1906, A provided by Dr. Zheng, B is Holotype (MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon pygmaeum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon tignarium Lesne, 1902, provided by Dr. Wang. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 16. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 1–3. (A, B) Sinoxylon pubens Lesne, 1906, A provided by Dr. Zheng, B is Holotype (MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon pygmaeum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon tignarium Lesne, 1902, provided by Dr. Wang. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFCCC21AFF38F8B1B709F8F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171326/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171326	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF2C218FF38FF5DB7D8FEF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171326/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171326	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF2C218FF38FF5DB7D8FEF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171305/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171305	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF1C218FF38FE58B14FF827.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171326/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171326	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF1C218FF38FE58B14FF827.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171307/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171307	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF0C219FF38FF5DB694F921.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171326/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171326	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF0C219FF38FF5DB694F921.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171305/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171305	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF0C21EFF38F92FB7DAF9E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171326/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171326	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF0C21EFF38F92FB7DAF9E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171307/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171307	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF7C21FFF38F8F8B3FCFAB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171328/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171328	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF7C21FFF38F8F8B3FCFAB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171303/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171303	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF7C21FFF38F8F8B3FCFAB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171307/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171307	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF6C21CFF38FA94B3ABFCE2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171328/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171328	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF5C21DFF38FC62B33AFE18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171328/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171328	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF5C21DFF38FC62B33AFE18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171305/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171305	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF4C21DFF38FE34B32FF86D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171328/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171328	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF4C21DFF38FE34B32FF86D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171303/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171303	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFFAC210FF38FF5DB7C8FE32.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171328/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171328	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFFAC210FF38FF5DB7C8FE32.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171303/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171303	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF9C210FF38FE13B1ABF9A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171303/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171303	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF9C211FF38F995B194F913.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171328/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171328	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 18. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-1. (A, B) Sinoxylon bellicosum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon brazzai Lesne, 1895. (E, F) Sinoxylon cafrum Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon epipleurale Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon ruficorne Fåhraeus, 1871. (K, L) Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch, 1881. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF8C216FF38F8F6B0B4FAE0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171330/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171330	FIGURE 19. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon bufo Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon cucumella Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon luzonicum Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G,H) Sinoxylon malaccanum Lesne, 1930, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 19. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon bufo Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon cucumella Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon luzonicum Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G,H) Sinoxylon malaccanum Lesne, 1930, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFF8C216FF38F8F6B0B4FAE0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171307/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171307	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFFEC217FF38FF5DB748F90D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171332/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171332	FIGURE 20. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon convexicauda Lesne 1932. (C, D) Sinoxylon pachyodon Lesne, 1906. (E, F) Sinoxylon sudanicum Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 20. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon convexicauda Lesne 1932. (C, D) Sinoxylon pachyodon Lesne, 1906. (E, F) Sinoxylon sudanicum Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFFEC214FF38F8C3B6ACFBE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171330/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171330	FIGURE 19. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon bufo Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon cucumella Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon luzonicum Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G,H) Sinoxylon malaccanum Lesne, 1930, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 19. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon bufo Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon cucumella Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon luzonicum Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G,H) Sinoxylon malaccanum Lesne, 1930, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFFEC214FF38F8C3B6ACFBE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171303/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171303	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFFDC215FF38FB69B71BFDAC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171330/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171330	FIGURE 19. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon bufo Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon cucumella Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon luzonicum Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G,H) Sinoxylon malaccanum Lesne, 1930, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 19. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon bufo Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon cucumella Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon luzonicum Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G,H) Sinoxylon malaccanum Lesne, 1930, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFFDC215FF38FB69B71BFDAC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171307/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171307	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFFCC215FF38FDA0B1A4F8B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171330/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171330	FIGURE 19. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon bufo Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon cucumella Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon luzonicum Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G,H) Sinoxylon malaccanum Lesne, 1930, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 19. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon bufo Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon cucumella Lesne, 1906, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon luzonicum Lesne, 1932, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G,H) Sinoxylon malaccanum Lesne, 1930, (Syntype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFFCC20AFF38F89BB3F0F9C0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171305/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171305	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE3C20BFF38F90CB64AFB14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171332/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171332	FIGURE 20. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon convexicauda Lesne 1932. (C, D) Sinoxylon pachyodon Lesne, 1906. (E, F) Sinoxylon sudanicum Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 20. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon convexicauda Lesne 1932. (C, D) Sinoxylon pachyodon Lesne, 1906. (E, F) Sinoxylon sudanicum Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE3C20BFF38F90CB64AFB14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171307/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171307	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	FIGURE 10. Frons of S. sexdentatum (left), S. senegalense (middle) and S. villosum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE1C208FF38FF5DB176F90D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171332/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171332	FIGURE 20. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon convexicauda Lesne 1932. (C, D) Sinoxylon pachyodon Lesne, 1906. (E, F) Sinoxylon sudanicum Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 20. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-2 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon convexicauda Lesne 1932. (C, D) Sinoxylon pachyodon Lesne, 1906. (E, F) Sinoxylon sudanicum Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE1C208FF38FF5DB176F90D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171305/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171305	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE0C209FF38FF5DB2B7F878.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171334/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171334	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE0C209FF38FF5DB2B7F878.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171326/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171326	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	FIGURE 17. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the group 2. (A, B) Sinoxylon atratum Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon crassum Lesne, 1897. (E, F) Sinoxylon pugnax Lesne, 1904, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon spathiferum Lesne, 1906. (I, J) Sinoxylon transvaalense Lesne, 1895. Scale bar = 1mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE0C209FF38FF5DB2B7F878.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171305/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171305	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE7C20FFF38FC3CB3FCFED0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171334/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171334	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE7C20FFF38FC3CB3FCFED0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171305/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171305	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE6C20FFF38FE7CB6E4F96E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171334/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171334	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE6C20FFF38FE7CB6E4F96E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171305/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171305	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE6C20CFF38F8BFB7C2FB14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171305/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171305	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE5C20DFF38FB38B334FC34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171334/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171334	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE5C20DFF38FB38B334FC34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171305/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171305	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	FIGURE 9. Frons of S. crassum (left) and S. pygmaeum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE4C202FF38FC18B302FC10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171334/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171334	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFEBC203FF38FC3CB0F0FBC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171334/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171334	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 21. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (I). (A, B) Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897. (C, D) Sinoxylon angolense Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon beesoni Lesne, 1931, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (G, H) Sinoxylon capillatum Lesne, 1895, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon ceratoniae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Syntype of S. succisum, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (K, L) Sinoxylon doliolum Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFEBC203FF38FC3CB0F0FBC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171303/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171303	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFEAC200FF38FB0CB62EFD1C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171340/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171340	FIGURE 22. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon divaricatum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon rufobasale Fairmaire, 1888, (Holotype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801). (G, H) Sinoxylon fuscovestitum Lesne, 1919, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon flabrarius Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 22. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon divaricatum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon rufobasale Fairmaire, 1888, (Holotype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801). (G, H) Sinoxylon fuscovestitum Lesne, 1919, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon flabrarius Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFEAC200FF38FB0CB62EFD1C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171303/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171303	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE9C201FF38FD30B11BFE89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171340/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171340	FIGURE 22. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon divaricatum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon rufobasale Fairmaire, 1888, (Holotype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801). (G, H) Sinoxylon fuscovestitum Lesne, 1919, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon flabrarius Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 22. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon divaricatum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon rufobasale Fairmaire, 1888, (Holotype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801). (G, H) Sinoxylon fuscovestitum Lesne, 1919, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon flabrarius Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE9C201FF38FD30B11BFE89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171303/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171303	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFE8C206FF38FBA6B36BFE64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171340/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171340	FIGURE 22. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon divaricatum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon rufobasale Fairmaire, 1888, (Holotype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801). (G, H) Sinoxylon fuscovestitum Lesne, 1919, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon flabrarius Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 22. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon divaricatum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon rufobasale Fairmaire, 1888, (Holotype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801). (G, H) Sinoxylon fuscovestitum Lesne, 1919, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon flabrarius Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFEFC206FF38FDE8B35AF862.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171340/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171340	FIGURE 22. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon divaricatum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon rufobasale Fairmaire, 1888, (Holotype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801). (G, H) Sinoxylon fuscovestitum Lesne, 1919, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon flabrarius Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 22. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon divaricatum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon rufobasale Fairmaire, 1888, (Holotype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801). (G, H) Sinoxylon fuscovestitum Lesne, 1919, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon flabrarius Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFEFC206FF38FDE8B35AF862.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171303/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171303	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFEEC207FF38FF5DB3A6F93A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171340/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171340	FIGURE 22. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon divaricatum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon rufobasale Fairmaire, 1888, (Holotype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801). (G, H) Sinoxylon fuscovestitum Lesne, 1919, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon flabrarius Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	FIGURE 22. Dorsal view and lateral view of members of the subgroup 3-3 (II). (A, B) Sinoxylon divaricatum Lesne, 1906, (Holotype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (C, D) Sinoxylon rufobasale Fairmaire, 1888, (Holotype, MNHN/ Christophe Rivier). (E, F) Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801). (G, H) Sinoxylon fuscovestitum Lesne, 1919, (Syntype, MNHN/Christophe Rivier). (I, J) Sinoxylon flabrarius Lesne, 1906. Scale bar = 2mm.	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
861AF86EFFEEC207FF38FF5DB3A6F93A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/19171303/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19171303	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	FIGURE 8. Frons of S. indicum (left) and S. unidentatum (right).	2026-01-23	Liu, Lan-Yu		Zenodo	biologists	Liu, Lan-Yu			
