identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
D7D46BF6721F5F5584B7D26D0FC655A1.text	D7D46BF6721F5F5584B7D26D0FC655A1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kaluginia wangi Song & Qi 2026	<div><p>Kaluginia wangi Song &amp; Qi sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6</p><p>Generic diagnosis.</p><p>Genus Kaluginia is characterized by the following combination of features: body predominantly dark brown to blackish, antenna with 5 or 7 flagellomeres and reduced plume, eye bare; membrane without setae but with fine punctation, R 4 + 5 with setae, R 2 + 3 reduced and visible only in basal part, squama fringed, setae in 2–3 irregular rows; antepronotal lobes narrowly joined medially, lateral antepronotals occupy basal 2 / 3 of lobe, acrostichals short in 1 row beginning near antepronotum, dorsocentrals erect in 1–2 rows, extending from near the humeral area to close to the scutellum, prealars present, scutellum with numerous setae, arranged in 3–4 irregular rows; ta 4 in all segments are cordiform; tergite IX with a small rounded protuberance as anal point on dorsal surface. Transverse sternapodeme high, almost trapezoidal, with rounded apex. Gonocoxite with a basal lobe and a setose inferior volsella. Gonostylus broad anteriorly, narrowing posteriorly, sometimes twisted or scoop-shaped, apex and inner margin bearing stout megasetae surrounded by microtrichia.</p><p>Diagnostic characters. The male imago can be distinguished from known species of the genus by the following combination of characters: antenna with 5 flagellomeres; gonostylus broad anteriorly and narrowing posteriorly, with some twisted angle, and its apex bearing several stout megasetae surrounded by microtrichia; mid and hind ta 1 each with two pseudospurs.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype: • adult male, China, Fujian Province, Nanping City, Wuyishan City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.86853&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.87696" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.86853/lat 27.87696)">near Da’anyuan Drifting</a> (approx. 27.87696°N, 117.86853°E, alt. 490 m), 16 Apr. 2021, ZHONG KH leg., light trap . Paratypes: • 2 males, China, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.45855&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.34371" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.45855/lat 30.34371)">Tianmu Mountain</a>, 30.34371°N, 119.45855°E, alt. 459 m, 20 Apr. 2024, ZANG HM leg., light trap .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet wangi is given in honor of Professor Xinhua Wang, in recognition of his fundamental contributions to the systematics of the Chinese Chironomidae .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Adult male (N = 3) total length 2.6–2.97, 2.78 mm. Wing length 1.70–2.48, 2.05 mm. Total length / wing length 1.20–1.53, 1.37. Wing length / length of profemur 1.62–2.07, 1.91.</p><p>Colouration (Fig. 3). Head dark brown; thorax scutum, scutellum, and postnotum shiny dark brown to black. Abdomen dark brown, legs (Fig. 2 F) segments largely brown, but all femora basal 2 / 3 of femur yellowish, distal 1 / 3 brown; tibiae are brown at the basal and apical, with a pale-yellow medial portion. Wings greyish-brown.</p><p>Head (Fig. 1 B, D). The compound eyes are glabrous. Temporal setae include 3–4 inner verticals, 8–9, 8 outer verticals, 3–4 post verticals, postorbitals clearly present, with 4–5 setae. Clypeus with 12–27, 19 setae. Tentorium 124–158, 144 μm long, 19–24, 23 μm wide, Tentorium slightly swollen basally and narrowing evenly from base to apex; palpomere lengths (in μm): 30–43, 35; 32–58, 44; 69–104, 83; 101–148, 123; 146–237, 187. L: 5 th / 3 rd: 2.11–2.28, 2.22. Head width / palp length 0.98. Antennal pedicel with 2 short setae, antenna with 5 flagellomeres and reduced plume of short setae; number of setae in flagellomeres 1–5, respectively 9; 5; 5; 5; 16. Terminal flagellomere with 2 subapical setae, 50–60 μm long. Flagellomeres 1–5 length (μm): 78–94, 84; 26–30, 28; 27–32, 29; 24–30, 27; 46–58, 53. AR 0.29–0.34, 0.31.</p><p>Wing (Figs 1 A, 2 A). Membrane without setae and with punctation. Anal lobe well developed, fully fringed. VR 0.80–1.23, 0.99. R with 26–42, 32 setae, R 1 with 24–42, 33 setae, R 4 + 5 with 31–42, 35 setae, R 2 + 3 clearly visible only in a small portion of the basal part. Wing squama with 15–18 setae, irregularly 2–3 rows. RM / MCu 1.87–2.07, 1.95.</p><p>Thorax (Fig. 2 E). Antepronotal lobes narrowly joined medially, lateral antepronotals 12–14 setae. Acrostichals 14–16, 15 short, in 1 row, beginning near antepronotum; dorsocentrals 12–15, 13 erect and in 1–2 rows or in 1 group, extending from near the humeral area to close to the scutellum; scutellum with more than 35 scattered setae, arranged in 3–4 irregular rows; prealars 16–26, 19 divided into anterior (6–11, 8 setae), middle (1–4, 2 setae) and posterior sections with 9–11, 10 setae.</p><p>Legs (Figs 1 C, 2 D, 2 F). Spur of fore tibia 36–44, 41 μm long; spurs of mid tibia with spurs 42–48, 46 μm and 44–54, 49 μm long; of hind tibia 40–51, 47 μm and 58–71, 63 μm long. Hind tibial fused combs 53–55, 54 μm long, with 9–11, 9 setae. Fore ta 1 with 1 pseudospur, 21–32, 27 μm long, ta 2 with 1 pseudospur, 24–31, 27 μm long; mid ta 1 with 2 pseudospurs, 23–35, 28 μm and 27–36, 31 μm long, ta 2 with 1–2 pseudospur, 20–30, 26 μm long and 24–34, 29 µm long, ta 3 with 1 pseudospur, 26 μm long; hind ta 1 with 2 pseudospurs, 22–34, 29 µm and 29–37, 33 μm long, and ta 2 with 2 pseudospurs 25–33, 44 μm and 27–35, 31 μm long. Width at apex of fore tibia 65–75, 71 μm, of mid tibia 60–65, 62 μm, of hind tibia 65–73, 69 μm. Lengths (in μm) and proportions for legs in Table 1. ta 4 in all segments are cordiform, shorter than ta 5.</p><p>Abbreviations used: BV, length of (femur + tibia + ta 1) / length of (ta 2 + ta 3 + ta 4 + ta 5); fe, femur; LR, length of ta 1 / length of tibia; P 1, P 2, P 3, Fore leg, mid leg, hind leg; SV, length of (femur + tibia) / length of ta 1; ta 1 – ta 5, tarsomeres 1–5; ti, tibia.</p><p>Hypopygium (Figs 1 E, 2 B, 2 C). Tergite IX with 28 setae, bearing a small rounded protuberance on dorsal surface as anal point, laterosternite IX with 11 setae. Transverse sternapodeme is very thick, broadly arched, high, almost trapezoidal, with rounded apex, and 56–62 µm wide. Aedeagal lobe moderately sclerotized, apex attenuated, extending medially over apex of opposite lobe, with apical part smooth. Gonocoxite 290–368, 321 µm long, with well-developed basal plate. inferior volsella covered with setae. Gonostylus 144–174, 161 µm long, broad anteriorly and narrowing posteriorly, with some twisted angle, apex with some stout megasetae, surrounded by microtrichia. HR: 1.85–2.11, 1.98. HV: 2.36.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>The specimen was collected from a mountain stream in a humid temperate to subtropical montane forest. The streambed consisted mainly of cobbles, with scattered boulders and patches of fine gravel and sand in low-velocity areas. Vegetation along both banks showed distinct vertical stratification: low shrubs near the water, with an overstory of evergreen broad-leaved and some deciduous trees.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>The new species is currently known from oriental China based on two collection sites: the type locality in the Wuyi Mountain Range (Fig. 4), Fujian Province, southeastern China (one adult male), and an additional site in the Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang Province, eastern China (two adult males).</p><p>Molecular phylogeny.</p><p>The final concatenated matrix after alignment comprised 42 taxa, with a total length of 3784 bp (18 S: 886 bp; 28 S: 675 bp; CAD: 744 bp; COI: 1479 bp). The tree topologies inferred from MrBayes and IQ-TREE (Fig. 5) were highly concordant and consistent with the phylogenetic structure reported in Semenchenko et al. (2024). The subfamily Diamesinae comprises three tribes: Heptagyini, Boreoheptagyiini, and Diamesini . Within the tribe Boreoheptagyiini, the newly discovered Kaluginia wangi sp. nov. forms a highly supported clade with Kaluginia lebetiformis Makarchenko, 1987, indicating a close sister-group relationship. This clade, together with the previously recognized genera Boreoheptagyia, Kaluginia, and Palatovia, constitutes the core evolutionary lineage of Boreoheptagyiini, with strong branch support values across the tribe.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The new species and Kaluginia lebetiformis share several similarities, including similar leg coloration and texture, as well as similar internal wing structures. However, they can be distinguished by the following characters (Table 2). In the antenna, K. wangi has a flagellum composed of five flagellomeres, whereas K. lebetiformis has a flagellum with seven flagellomeres. In leg characters, K. wangi bears two pseudospurs on each of the mid and hind ta 1, whereas K. lebetiformis has four pseudospurs on the mid ta 1 and seven on the hind ta 1. Regarding the hypopygial structure, K. wangi has a gonostylus broad anteriorly and narrowing posteriorly, with a twisted angle, and the apex bears several stout megasetae surrounded by microtrichia; in contrast, K. lebetiformis is described as having a broad, scoop-shaped gonostylus with 7–8 megasetae along the inner margin.</p><p>Abbreviations used: Ac, acrostichals; Ap, antepronotum; Aps, antepronotals; Dc, dorsocentrals; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Ps, pseudospurs; Sct, scutellum.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D7D46BF6721F5F5584B7D26D0FC655A1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Wang, Yiyi;Song, Chao;Liu, Xin;Qi, Xin	Wang, Yiyi, Song, Chao, Liu, Xin, Qi, Xin (2026): Lessons from the slide preparation: A new species of Kaluginia (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 1281: 233-245, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1281.193732
