identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
8469477CBADE5296840878F08BEB0DBE.text	8469477CBADE5296840878F08BEB0DBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	(Daudebardia) W. Hartmann 1821	<div><p>Subgenus Daudebardia W. Hartmann, 1821</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body in adult specimens (17–20 mm) much broader and longer than the shell (4–5 mm); with two longitudinal furrows on the back and less distinct, oblique furrow on each side; bluish-grey in colour; tripartite whitish sole; shell small, external, umbilicated, shining, transparent; paucispiral, the last whorls flaring strongly in adult; genitalia characterised by cylindrical penis and thin, short epiphallus which passes insensibly to the vas deferens; penial retractor muscle attached at the junction between penis and the epiphallus; vagina and duct of the bursa copulatrix partially covered by a vaginal gland.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8469477CBADE5296840878F08BEB0DBE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
480D1D76661A5378AB6257102440FD9F.text	480D1D76661A5378AB6257102440FD9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	(Escutiella) Martinez-Orti & Borreda 2012	<div><p>Subgenus Escutiella Martínez-Ortí &amp; Borredà, 2012</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body of medium size (length ≤ 60 mm, width ≤ 16 mm); grainy skin; short and keeled back; very wide and long mantle (half body length), crossed by a large semicircular groove, which on the right side runs forward passing through the pneumostome; the latter is in posterior position; internal shell situated under the posterior part of the mantle consisting of a short spiral part attached to a flat plate; genitalia characterised by penis with extrusion, epiphallus internally reticulated, two accessory atrial appendices slightly different in size.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/480D1D76661A5378AB6257102440FD9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
97C07CC65DDB5D3088F9B3D2278A3B92.text	97C07CC65DDB5D3088F9B3D2278A3B92.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	(Testacella) Lamarck 1801	<div><p>Subgenus Testacella Lamarck, 1801</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body wide, rather flat (length ≤ 45 mm, width 10–15 mm) with two evident dorsal grooves, orange-brown (Fig. 40); shell Haliotis - like, reduced, and rather thick, external, and situated near the posterior end of the body (Fig. 41).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/97C07CC65DDB5D3088F9B3D2278A3B92	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
AD48EBB85B2F5FCB9731F3EF0B66CEA2.text	AD48EBB85B2F5FCB9731F3EF0B66CEA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ambigolimax melitensis (Lessona & Pollonera 1882)	<div><p>Ambigolimax melitensis (Lessona &amp; Pollonera, 1882)</p><p>Fig. 68</p><p>Ambigolimax melitensis – Hutchinson 2022: 21–22, fig. 2 A-C – Algeria, Constantine.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>No specimens in our samples.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body slender, length ≤ 40 mm; mantle covers at most 1 / 3 body length, posteriorly subangular, with a superficial pattern of fingerprint-like, concentric rings; pneumostome at the posterior half of the mantle; keel limited to the posterior body end. Body colour ranges from pale grey to pink, often with two lateral longitudinal dark brown bands. Penis sac-like, C-shaped, with long, slender, tapering flagellum entering penis tip laterally, at a small distance from where the very short vas deferens ends; penial retractor muscle ending on the penis ~ 1 / 3 from the tip; penis with internal S- or C-shaped crest, starting from near where vas deferens enters the penis, running distally, then turning backwards to end about halfway along penis; bursa copulatrix duct arising from distal penis (Giusti et al. 1995).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Italy (peninsular Italy, Sicily, and Sardinia), France (Corsica), the Maltese Islands, northern Tunisia, and northern Algeria.</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>It inhabits damp microhabitats, both natural and anthropised (Giusti et al. 1995).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species, previously regarded as Lehmannia, was recently allocated to the genus Ambigolimax by Hutchinson et al. (2022: 20). Ambigolimax melitensis is confirmed in Algeria based on specimens preserved in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Geneva and the State Museum of Natural History, Stuttgart (Hutchinson et al. 2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD48EBB85B2F5FCB9731F3EF0B66CEA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
674A20FFE18A5DD8A14AAF1FE2D84D2A.text	674A20FFE18A5DD8A14AAF1FE2D84D2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ambigolimax parvipenis Hutchinson, Reise & Schlitt 2022	<div><p>Ambigolimax parvipenis Hutchinson, Reise &amp; Schlitt, 2022</p><p>Figs 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 71</p><p>Lehmannia nyctelia – Borredà and Martínez-Ortí 2017: 4, fig. 5, Hutchinson et al. (2022: 31) – Spain: Chafarinas islands – Not Bourguignat 1861.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>• 3 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Mizrana, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.07555&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.834167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.07555/lat 36.834167)">Mizrana Forest</a>; 36°50.050'N, 4°4.533'E; 730 m a. s. l.; January 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 10 exx; Algiers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.9852834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.753883" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.9852834/lat 36.753883)">Dely Ibrahim</a>; 36°45.233'N, 2°59.117'E; 260 m a. s. l.; January 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 6 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Makouda, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.0311165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.802784" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.0311165/lat 36.802784)">Tigoulmamine</a>; 36°48.167'N, 4°1.867'E; 350 m a. s. l.; October 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 14 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Yakouren, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.435&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.745834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.435/lat 36.745834)">Yakouren Forest</a>; 36°44.750'N, 4°26.100'E; 720 m a. s. l.; November 2020; R. Ramdini leg.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Ambigolimax parvipenis is indistinguishable from A. waterstoni by external morphology. However, the Algerian specimens show a colouration that is more variable, dark brown specimens with barely visible bands on the mantle, greyish specimens with eight rows of whitish spots on the body plus two dark grey bands on the mantle, and milky white specimens with two pale grey bands along the body (Figs 21–25). Short penis, with a rounded proximal part and a cylindrical and narrower distal part; the vas deferens enters the penial apex, while the retractor muscle is attached at a small distance or more laterally on the proximal penis (Fig. 26). Within the proximal penis, there is a convoluted crest, which in some specimens appears as a thick fleshy structure (Fig. 27); from it, two longitudinal flaps extend straight into the distal penis, joining together at their anterior ends (Fig. 28). This structure shows remarkable variability, the crest inside the penis may be barely outlined. The two parallel flaps may not join in the anterior part of the penis. Bursa copulatrix is variable in shape and size; however, when it is well developed, the bursa copulatrix plus its duct are twice as long as the penis. The long rectal caecum does not reach the posterior tip of the visceral sac.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Ambigolimax parvipenis is an invasive species with an unknown native range. Its presence in North Africa was first reported by Borredà and Martínez-Ortí (2017), under the name Lehmannia nyctelia (see Hutchinson et al. 2022: 31). We document here the first confirmed records of A. parvipenis from Algeria, where the species occurs widely in both natural and ruderal habitats, ranging from Algiers to Tizi-Ouzou.</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>Species found mainly under stones and plant debris, sampled in syntopy with M. nigricans; it is also found in olive groves and oak forests.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Bourguignat (1861: 304) described Limax raymondianus based on external characters only: cylindrical body, sharp and briefly keeled back; large, oblong mantle with rounded anterior and posterior margin; dark colour passing towards the foot to a yellowish grey. In the same paper, the caption of fig. 8, plate 16, refers to Limax raymondianus; however, this appears to be a misprint as the slug illustrated shows a longer carina and a shield with a furrow, features typical of Milax . Bourguignat (1862 b) subsequently added two new figures (figs 1, 2, pl. 2) to the original one (now fig. 8, pl. 13) which, instead, correspond well to the description of L. raymondianus .</p><p>Simroth (1885: 212, pl. 8, figs 14 A, 15 A) examined an adult slug from Algeria, showing a reddish-brown colouration on top, with paler flanks and dark chestnut bands on the mantle and back, a short penis, without appendix, and inside a convoluted crest into the proximal part and straight into the distal one (Fig. 29). That would all be consistent with a species of Ambigolimax . However, Simroth (1885) noted the absence of a rectal caecum, as in Malacolimax . Simroth (1885) misclassified this slug as L. nyctelius . Pollonera (1890 a) examined some slugs from Oran (northwestern Algeria), lacking a rectal caecum, and he classified them as Malacolimax raymondianus . Pollonera described these specimens as having cylindrical bodies, short keels, and a rounded mantle at the front and rear; dark colour, laterally pale; short, thick penis without appendix; short vas deferens. Thus, Pollonera’s M. raymondianus corresponds well both to Bourguignat’s original description of L. raymondianus and, concerning the anatomical features, to the specimens examined by Simroth (1885). Hutchinson et al. (2022) highlighted the similarity in genital morphology between A. parvipenis and the specimens examined by Simroth (1885) and Pollonera (1890 a). Nevertheless, Hutchinson et al. (2022) suggested that L. nyctelius in Simroth (1885) and M. raymondianus in Pollonera (1890 a) could be “ a species of Malacolimax but perhaps of some other unknown or unexpected limacid genus lacking a caecum, or possibly even an aberrant member of a genus whose other species do have a caecum ”.</p><p>From Algiers, the type locality of Limax raymondianus, we collected only one species of Ambigolimax, namely A. parvipenis . This species appears to be native, as it is widespread in Algeria in natural habitats, including Kabylia and Tizi-Ouzou. If the absence of a caecum in the specimens examined by Simroth (1885) and Pollonera (1890 a) was due to an oversight or a malformation, A. parvipenis could potentially be considered a junior synonym of A. raymondianus . To address this taxonomic issue, we searched for syntypes of L. raymondianus in the Bourguignat collection at the Natural History Museum of Geneva (NHMG) and at the National Museum of Natural History in Paris (NHMP). Unfortunately, no syntypes were located. Additional research at the Natural History Museum in London (NHML) also failed to yield syntypes or topotypes. We were able to trace only two specimens from the Bourguignat collection labelled L. raymondianus . These cannot be regarded as syntypes, as they originate from Theniet El Had, in the Ouarsenis Massif of the Atlas Tellien, ca 140 km southwest of the type locality, Algiers. One specimen had already been dissected, and its poor state of preservation prevents reliable identification; therefore, these specimens did not provide useful information.</p><p>Since the occurrence of a slug genus lacking a caecum in Algeria, as well as the possible presence of additional Ambigolimax species near Algiers, cannot be ruled out, we prefer to retain L. raymondianus as a taxon inquirendum pending further research.</p><p>Germain (1908) described the new species Agriolimax (Malacolimax) kervillei from Aïn-Drahm (Kroumirie, northwestern Tunisia). He illustrated the genitalia of a specimen with a short, thick penis without an appendix, and he stated these slugs were immature. Regteren Altena (1966) pointed out that the reproductive organs figured in the original description of A. (M.) kervillei do not belong to a juvenile specimen as Germain (1908: 141) thought, because the glandular tissue of the sperm oviduct is as well developed as the bursa copulatrix (Fig. 30). We agree with this view. On the other hand, Regteren Altena (1966) speculated that the penis could be strongly contracted and bent backwards. Based on the data presented here, kervillei could be a senior synonym of A. parvipenis . However, the schematic drawing provided by Germain (1908) (Fig. 30) shows a penis proportionally larger than that of A. parvipenis and the vas deferens attached laterally (apically in A. parvipenis). Further studies on specimens from Tunisia are needed to ascertain the taxonomic status of Germain’s species.</p><p>Abbes et al. (2010) did not record Malacolimax or Ambigolimax without a penial appendix from Tunisia, but recorded L. melitensis and L. marginata . The report of the latter species could be a misidentification of A. valentianus (see above and Borredà and Martínez-Ortí 2017).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/674A20FFE18A5DD8A14AAF1FE2D84D2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
548966F1E80E59D6B51A49932A61067D.text	548966F1E80E59D6B51A49932A61067D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ambigolimax Pollonera 1887	<div><p>Genus Ambigolimax Pollonera, 1887</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body length ≤ 80 mm; mantle not more than 1 / 3 of body length; pneumostome postmedial; keel short, ill-defined; shell oval, nail-like, varying in degree of calcification, with lateral nucleus; penis short ≤ 2 / 3 of mantle, with or without an undivided appendix, inside the penis are one or two folds; bursa copulatrix connected with penis; prostatic gland fused to oviduct for the gland’s entire length.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/548966F1E80E59D6B51A49932A61067D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
989801E69AA251E2B7D8F0811F76E770.text	989801E69AA251E2B7D8F0811F76E770.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ambigolimax valentianus (A. Ferussac 1821)	<div><p>Ambigolimax valentianus (A. Férussac, 1821)</p><p>Fig. 70</p><p>Limax valentianus – Letourneux 1870: 279 – Bone, Edough.</p><p>Lehmannia valentiana – Wiktor 1983 a: 162 – Algeria: Djurdjura Mts., cedar forest Ait Ouboane, ca 1670 m. near Tizi N’Kouilal Pass; Djurdjura Mts., Tizi Ougoulmime Pass, ca 1700 m, west of Tikjda, Bouira; Djebel Edough near Annaba (= Bone); between Seraidi (= Bugeaud) and Sainte-Croix-d’Edough; Constantine, Gorges du Rhumel, at the bottom of defile. Borredà and Martínez-Ortí 2017: Morocco, Road Agadir, Essaouira, 29 RMQ 2470 08 / 1999; Algeria: Bejaïa, Cap Carbon, Pic des Signes, 32 SJF 5076, 03 / 2008; Algiers, Aïn Taya, 31 SEA 2372, 2009.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>No specimens in our samples.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The body is very similar to other Ambigolimax species and is distinguishable with certainty only through examining the genitalia. Genitalia characterised by a penis claviform, posteriorly irregularly broadened, with a diagnostic short, blunt penial appendix, the latter arising laterally from the proximal penis, in the neighbourhood of vas deferens insertion; a V-shaped fold inside the penis, arising from the base of the appendix and running distally.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Ambigolimax valentianus is considered native to the Iberian Peninsula and northwest Africa; however, it has been spread by human activities to many other parts of the world (Herbert 2010 and cited literature; Sparacio et al. 2018).</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>Synanthropic species (South 1992), often found in gardens, nurseries, and greenhouses, specimens take refuge under woods and wet litter. In Algeria, it inhabits shady environments and cedar and oak forests (Wiktor 1983 a).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Letourneux (1870: 279) was the first author to report A. valentianus from northeastern Algeria (Bone, Edough). Wiktor (1983 a) confirmed it through anatomical examinations. Hutchinson et al. (2022) found a specimen confirmed as belonging to this species in the Bourguignat collection labelled “ Foret de l’Edough, près Bône ”. It is quite likely that Bourguignat obtained it from Letourneux. The specimen was labelled as nyctelius var. major (which Letourneux also listed). Abbes et al. (2010) recorded L. marginata from northern Tunisia. They likely misidentified specimens of A. valentianus, since L. marginata is widespread in central and western Europe and prefers woodland habitats, which differ from those in northern Tunisia (Borredà and Martínez-Ortí 2017).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/989801E69AA251E2B7D8F0811F76E770	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
B741223F212051D6A9A881D48A646DE3.text	B741223F212051D6A9A881D48A646DE3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ambigolimax waterstoni Hutchinson, Reise & Schlitt 2022	<div><p>Ambigolimax waterstoni Hutchinson, Reise &amp; Schlitt, 2022</p><p>Figs 17–20, 69</p><p>Limax nyctelius – Connolly 1939: 176 –177 – Algeria, Morocco – not Bourguignat 1861. Quick 1960: 200 –201, fig. 17 B, C – Shebin El Kom, Egypt; Algeria – not Bourguignat 1861.</p><p>Limax (Limacus) nyctelius – Regteren Altena 1966: 190 –192 – Algeria – not Bourguignat 1861</p><p>Lehmannia nyctelia – Wiktor 1983 a: 161 –162 – Algeria: Hamma. Jardin d’Essai; Lakhdaria (= Gorges de Palestro), rocky gape of the river Isser; Defile Sebaou near Tizi Ouzou Kabylia; Kabylia, mountains halfway between Mirabeau and Dra-el-Mizan – not Bourguignat 1861</p><p>Ambigolimax waterstoni – Hutchinson et al. 2022: 38 –40, figs 5, 6, 12 B, C.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>• 2 exx; Boumerdès, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=3.44695&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.766384" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 3.44695/lat 36.766384)">Corso</a>; 36°45.983'N, 3°26.817'E; 10 m a. s. l.; January 2019; R. Ramdini leg. • 2 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Akvil, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.2833333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.483616" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.2833333/lat 36.483616)">Ait Ouavan forest</a>; 36°29.017'N, 4°17.000'E; 855 m a. s. l.; February 2022; R. Ramdini leg.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body slender, length ≤ 55 mm; mantle and keel like the previous species, brown to yellowish with two dark bands on the mantle and posterior body sides; occasionally, there is an additional, more or less clear band along the middle of the mantle (Figs 17, 18). Genitalia characterised by a long (4–6 mm) cylindrical penis, often swollen at the apex; the short vas deferens and the penial retractor muscle enters near penial apex beside one another; duct of the bursa copulatrix arising from the distal penis (Fig. 19); inside the penis two flaps originate from the penial apex and run parallel, decreasing in height towards the atrium (Fig. 20) (Connolly 1939; Quick 1960; Giusti 1976; Barker 1979; Wiktor 1983 a; Hutchinson et al. 2022).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Ambigolimax waterstoni is presumed native to North Africa, but it is known as an alien species from Scottish greenhouses, Elba Island (Italy), the USA, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand (Herbert 2010; Hutchinson et al. 2022).</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>Found in humid places, under stones, it can be synanthropic.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species has been accepted for many decades under the name Lehmannia nyctelia or Ambigolimax nyctelius; however, Hutchinson et al. (2022) proposed the taxon nyctelia Bourguignat, 1861 as not available for Lehmannia or Ambigolimax . Indeed, the description and illustration of the pneumostome in the anterior part of the mantle (Bourguignat 1861) unambiguously refer nyctelius to the arionid genus Letourneuxia . Hutchinson et al. (2022) introduced the new name A. waterstoni for the North African native Ambigolimax species (previously named A. nyctelia) characterised by a long cylindrical penis, two parallel folds inside the penis, vas deferens, and penial retractor muscle entering near the penial apex.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B741223F212051D6A9A881D48A646DE3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
54E82D9D90E9522DAC41EBE041DA64AA.text	54E82D9D90E9522DAC41EBE041DA64AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Daudebardia (Daudebardia) brevipes subsp. letourneuxi Bourguignat 1866	<div><p>Daudebardia (Daudebardia) brevipes letourneuxi Bourguignat, 1866</p><p>Figs 37–39, 75, 76</p><p>Daudebardia letourneuxi – Bourguignat 1866; p. 210, pl. 33, figs 7–12 – Forêt de l’Édough, près de Bône. Letourneux 1870: 278 – Bone, Saint-Croix-de-l’Édough, forêt de l’Édough.</p><p>Daudebardia platystoma – Letourneux 1870: 268, 291–292 – Algeria, Kabylia: Tizi-n-Cheriâ, col d’Akfadou, source Tala Guizan; Soummes.</p><p>Daudebardia charopia – Letourneux 1870: 278, 292–293 – Bone, Saint-Croix-de-l’Édough, forêt de l’Édough; prés de Bone.</p><p>Daudebardia (Daudebardia) brevipes letourneuxi – Riedel 1978: 148, figs 12–17 – Bekannt von der Umgebung von Annaba (u. a. Djebel Edough) und von Kabylien – die Quelle Tala-Guizan in Col d’Akfadou (ca. 30 km östlich Fort-National).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>• 2 exx; Jijel, National Park of Taza, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=5.63945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.667217" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 5.63945/lat 36.667217)">Garouche forest</a>; 36°40.033'N, 5°38.367'E; 700 m a. s. l.; January 2021; G. Sadouk leg.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The shell is similar to the topotypical specimens depicted by Riedel (1978: 146, figs 12–14) in which the columellar margin covers part of the umbilicus (Fig. 37); H: 7.4 mm × D: 5.2 mm; H: 6.9 mm × D: 4.8 mm; genitalia characterised by a cylindrical penis, slightly wider apically; thin and short epiphallus, which passes insensibly to the vas deferens; vagina as long as half penis and covered for three-quarters of its length by a vaginal gland; duct of the bursa copulatrix emerging from the vaginal gland and ending in an oval bursa copulatrix; atrium as long as the vagina (Fig. 38); internal walls of the penis with four thin crests, two of which distally merge into a single crest (Fig. 39); internal walls of the vagina with an irregular and thin crest.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Currently known from northeastern Algeria.</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>It lives in humid litter among leaves and plant debris or under stones, feeding on invertebrates.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The genus Daudebardia was recorded from Algeria (Kabylia region) by Bourguignat (1866, 1870) and Letourneux (1870, 1872). These authors introduced five new nominal species. Daudebardia letourneuxi Bourguignat, 1866 (t. l. Bona = Annaba, northeastern Algeria) is the oldest name for the genus Daudebardia in Algeria. It was described based on an immature shell (Bourguignat 1866). Riedel (1978) re-examined the holotype and a topotypical adult shell from the Hagenmuller collection (ex-Letourneux coll.) and tentatively classified this taxon as a subspecies of D. brevipes . However, the shells do not show relevant differential characters from the nominotypical subspecies. Riedel (1978) selected lectotypes of D. charopia Letourneux, 1870 (t. l. Bona) and D. platystoma Letourneux, 1870 (t. l. Tala Guizan en Kabylie) from topotypical specimens preserved in the Bourguignat collection and proposed these two taxa as junior synonyms of D. brevipes letourneuxi . The two specimens from Jijel we examined (Fig. 38) show the atrium as long as the vagina; this feature is not known for other Daudebardia species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/54E82D9D90E9522DAC41EBE041DA64AA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
0AD7CBFC07FB52C88AB751D45DF812A7.text	0AD7CBFC07FB52C88AB751D45DF812A7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Daudebardia (Daudebardia) rufa subsp. atlantica Bourguignat 1870	<div><p>Daudebardia (Daudebardia) rufa atlantica Bourguignat, 1870</p><p>Figs 77, 78</p><p>Daudebardia atlantica – Bourguignat 1870, p. 15–16, pl. 4, figs 9–12 Moll. nouv. 2 – Dans la forêt de l’Edough, près de Bone.</p><p>Daudebardia (Daudebardia) rufa atlantica – Wagner 1952: 122–123 – In dem Wald von Edough bei Bône in Algerien und Tala-Guizaa, Kabylia. Riedel 1978: 145–148, figs 8–9, 18–19 – Lebt in der Umgebung von Annaba in NO-Algerien, hauptsächlich im Gebirge Djebel Edough.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>No specimens in our samples.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The shell is oval, the coiled part of the shell occupies 40–50 % of the length (due to the less narrowly coiled spire), and the umbilicus is moderately wide. It differs from Daudebardia brevipes by its regularly rounded last whorl (straight in D. brevipes), which gives the shell an oval rather than an oblong shape; the initial whorls are less narrowly coiled and occupy a larger portion of the fully grown shell, umbilicus is wider.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Northeastern Algeria.</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>It lives in humid litter among leaves and plant debris or under stones, feeding on invertebrates.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Riedel (1978: 9, figs 18, 19) re-examined the type series of D. atlantica Bourguignat, 1870 (t. l. Bone), selected a lectotype and provided the first description and illustration of the genitals. He tentatively classified D. atlantica as a subspecies of D. rufa, although the shell and the genitals do not show relevant differential features. Borredà and Martínez-Ortí (2017) listed with a question mark the presence in Algeria of the two most common European species, D. brevipes (Draparnaud, 1805) and D. rufa (Draparnaud, 1805) . Although a modern revision of the genus Daudebardia s. str. is urgently needed, we prefer to maintain the classification proposed by Riedel (1978), considering the geographical isolation of the Algerian populations and the few known data points on the genitalia of D. rufa atlantica . Riedel (1978) regarded D. nubigena Bourguignat, 1870 as a subspecies of D. rufa, characterised by a wider last whorl in the spiral part. Based on the original description of D. nubigena and the drawing of the syntype illustrated by Riedel (1978: 146, figs 10–11), it could be a junior synonym of? Vitrina letourneuxi . The two taxa, D. nubigena and? V. letourneuxi, were described from the same locality, i. e., the summit of the Little Atlas near Blida, Algeria.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0AD7CBFC07FB52C88AB751D45DF812A7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
A543A27F0BC25B69A5969B4E648C8D83.text	A543A27F0BC25B69A5969B4E648C8D83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deroceras brondelianum (Bourguignat 1861) Ramdini & Liberto & Sadouk & Gregorini & Colomba 2026	<div><p>Deroceras cf. brondelianum (Bourguignat, 1861), comb. nov.</p><p>Figs 31–36, 61</p><p>Limax brondelianus – Bourguignat 1861: 302–303 – Environs d’Alger. Bourguignat 1862 b: 37 –38, pl. 2, figs 5–7 – Environs d’Alger.</p><p>Krynickillus brondelianus – Bourguignat 1864: 43–44, pl. 1, figs 9–11 – Environs d’Alger.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>• 2 exx; Boumerdès, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=3.9724998&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.90055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 3.9724998/lat 36.90055)">Afir</a>; 36°54.033'N, 3°58.350'E; 10 m a. s. l.; January 2019; R. Ramdini leg. • 3 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Makouda, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.0227833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.801384" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.0227833/lat 36.801384)">Tazarourt</a>; 36°48.083'N, 4°1.367'E; 340 m a. s. l.; November 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 4 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Makouda, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.0311165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.802784" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.0311165/lat 36.802784)">Tigoulmamine</a>; 36°48.167'N, 4°1.867'E; 350 m a. s. l.; December 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 5 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Yakouren, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.435&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.745834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.435/lat 36.745834)">Yakouren Forest</a>; 36°44.750'N, 4°26.100'E; 720 m a. s. l.; December 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 2 exx; Jijel, National Park of Taza, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=5.63945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.667217" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 5.63945/lat 36.667217)">Garouche forest</a>; 36°40.033'N, 5°38.367'E; 700 m a. s. l.; January 2021; G. Sadouk leg.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Deroceras cf. brondelianum is externally similar to all other Deroceras species. Its colour is from dark brown to pale brown to white, with numerous small darker spots (Figs 31–32). Penis divided by a more or less shallow constriction into a broad, rounded, or oval distal part and a smaller, rounded, or oval proximal part; the latter is devoid of appendix and digitiform glands. The vas deferens enters the penis in the transition zone between the distal and proximal penis; the unbranched retractor muscle attaches to the penis side by side with the vas deferens or laterally to the proximal penis (Figs 33–35). Inside the distal penis, there is a cone-shaped stimulator with an oval base (Fig. 34). The stimulator and internal walls of the penis are covered with striae resembling fingerprints (Fig. 36). No caecum was observed.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Endemic species of northern Algeria.</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>This slug prefers shady and very humid environments; it has been found only in the winter season (December – February); during the day, it takes refuge under tree trunks and decaying vegetation.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>In our opinion, L. brondelianus should be placed within the family Agriolimacidae based on Bourguignat’s statement that it is closely related to the genus Krynickia [synonym of Krynickillus Kaleniczenko, 1851 ( Agriolimacidae)] as well as on Bourguignat’s description: the respiratory pore located posteriorly on the right margin of the mantle, the size (25 mm contracted, 40–45 mm extended), the broad and anteriorly elongated mantle, and the dorsum briefly keeled.</p><p>Bourguignat (1861) described D. brondelianum from the surroundings of Algiers as having a very dark back and mantle and yellowish-grey sides. We have examined Deroceras specimens from the Boumerdès (ca 40 km east of Algiers) and Tizi-Ouzou regions. These Deroceras have a variable external colouration, but some specimens show a colouration similar to that described by Bourguignat for D. brondelianum . They may correspond to Deroceras brondelianum in our opinion; however, we did not observe the distinctive papillate texture on the tentacles as described by Bourguignat (1861). Whether this papillate texture represents a diagnostic feature of D. brondelianum, an indication of an unknown genus, or a malformation caused by infection remains uncertain. In an effort to resolve this taxonomic issue, we searched for syntypes of both D. brondelianum and the second Deroceras species described by Bourguignat from Algeria, namely D. subsaxanum (type locality: Constantina). Unfortunately, no syntypes were located in the Bourguignat collection at NHMG or NHMP. Pending further research on topotypes of D. subsaxanum and on the nature of the papillate texture on the tentacles of D. brondelianum, we provisionally regard our specimens from Algiers as Deroceras cf. brondelianum .</p><p>The genitalia of these specimens exhibit characters not known in other Deroceras species. Deroceras neuteboomi (t. l.: Rhodes Island) is the only recognised species of Deroceras s. str. lacking an appendix and a penial gland; however, the D. cf. brondelianum differs by the absence of a wrinkled area on the proximal penis (present in D. neuteboomi), by the presence of a constriction between the distal and proximal penis, and by the insertions of the retractor muscle and vas deferens located near the penial constriction (more apically in D. neuteboomi). Based on these observations, we propose D. cf. brondelianum Bourguignat (1861) as a valid species of the genus Deroceras s. str., endemic to northern Algeria.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A543A27F0BC25B69A5969B4E648C8D83	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
66B71B5C07FC569B8967FEC53D26D1F2.text	66B71B5C07FC569B8967FEC53D26D1F2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deroceras Rafinesque 1820	<div><p>Genus Deroceras Rafinesque, 1820</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body length in the Algerian species is 25–40 mm, width 4–6 mm, mantle length 8–15 mm; mantle with pear-shaped outline, anteriorly narrower; pneumostome in posterior position; flattened and truncated rear end of the body; short keel; shell is an oval plate, slightly convex dorsally and inconspicuously concave ventrally, its nucleus is in the posterior left margin, upper surface with concentric irregular growth lines; sack-shaped penis, often irregular or laterally constricted by an incision; with a few exception the penis has external accessory organs: penial gland and appendices, pockets or swellings; inside the penis a variously formed stimulator and folds.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/66B71B5C07FC569B8967FEC53D26D1F2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
FA61E1D7B77C566A8FC7319006D9ABA2.text	FA61E1D7B77C566A8FC7319006D9ABA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deroceras riedelianum Wiktor 1983	<div><p>Deroceras riedelianum Wiktor, 1983</p><p>Fig. 62</p><p>Deroceras riedelianum – Wiktor 1983 a: 162–164, figs 14–21 – Algeria: Skikda (= Philippeville); Djebel Edough near Annaba (= Bône) between Seraïdi (= Bugeaud) and Sainte-Croix-d’Edough; Annaba (= Bône) ruins of Roman town Hippona; between Skikda (= Philippeville) and Stora. Wiktor 2000: 368, 393, 500, 502, 511–512, 518–519, 580–582 figs 581–588 – Algeria: Skikda (= Philippeville) and Annaba (= Bône).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>No specimens in our samples.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body length ≤ 23 mm. Colouration pale coffee with dark spotting on the mantle and posterior body. Mantle is attached distally, allowing its anterior portion to be bent upward at ~ 2 / 3 of its length. Elongated penis, medially constricted; enlarged distal part; proximal part equipped with one smooth process which probably constitutes the penial gland; on the opposite side, there is an appendix-like distension. The vas deferens opens laterally between the process and the distension. The musculus retractor penis is attached between the process and the distension, but apically. The stimulator is cone-shaped, connected with a big fold running toward the proximal penis.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>So far, known only from the type locality: surroundings of Skikda and Annaba (northwestern Algeria).</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>This species has been found in brushwood, cork oak forests, ruins, and rock piles; it takes refuge in wet litter and under tree trunks (Wiktor 2000).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Bourguignat (1862 b) described Limax subsaxanus as characterised by a stocky anterior body and a sharp and slender back, pink body, and white foot, similar to the genus Krynickia (= Krynickillus ( Agriolimacidae)) due to the mantle being large and much detached in its anterior portion. The description in Bourguignat (1861) and the figure of the shell and body in Bourguignat (1864: pl. 3, figs 13–16) allow us to attribute L. subsaxanus to the genus Deroceras .</p><p>Deroceras subsaxanum, described from Constantina (ca 85 km southwest of Annaba and Stora), may be a senior synonym for D. riedelianum . However, the relationship of D. subsaxanum to both D. riedelianum and D. cf. brondelianum can only be clarified by the study of topotypical specimens.</p><p>Castillejo (1996, 1997) and Borredà and Martínez-Ortí (2017, 2022) considered D. riedelianum a junior synonym of D. ponsonbyi (Hesse, 1884) . Following Wiktor (2000), we disagree with this view: Wiktor (2000) highlighted that D. ponsonbyi has a bifurcated penial retractor muscle, with one insertion in the distal penis and the other one in the proximal penis, while D. riedelianum has only one insertion in the proximal penis; secondly, the penial appendix appears different in the two species. In addition, D. ponsonbyi shows glandular tissue covering the distal penis distention (absent in D. riedelianum). We regard D. ponsonbyi, known from the Gibraltar area, as an endemic species to southern Spain and D. riedelianum as endemic to northeastern Algeria (Kabylia). The Deroceras species recorded (under D. agreste) by several nineteenth-century authors in western Algeria (Oran) and northern Morocco require further research (Terver 1839; Morelet 1853; Hesse 1884; Heynemann 1885; Pollonera 1891).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA61E1D7B77C566A8FC7319006D9ABA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
895AA0B00DA1558BA6415F1297B05836.text	895AA0B00DA1558BA6415F1297B05836.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drusia (Escutiella) deshayesii (Moquin-Tandon 1848)	<div><p>Drusia (Escutiella) deshayesii (Moquin-Tandon, 1848)</p><p>Figs 56–58</p><p>Parmacella deshayesi – Moquin-Tandon 1848: 261, pl. 1, fig. 5. Moquin-Tandon 1850: 49, 54, 55, 56 – province d’Oran. Fischer 1856: 380 –398, pl. 5 – Oran. Bourguignat 1861: 47 –54, pls. 4, 5 – Environs d’Oran (Algerie). Blanchard 1891: 215 – Algeria: Orléansville. Seurat 1930: 261 – Algérie. Llabador 1936: 201, 203 – Algeria: Massif des M’sirdas au Sud-Ouest de Nemours.</p><p>Parmacella dorsalis – Pechaud 1884: 8 – Au village Lamoricière, entre Tlemcen et Sidi-bel-Abbès; Tanger – Not Moquin-Tandon 1848.</p><p>Parmacella valenciennesi – Hesse 1885: 9 –12 (sic!) – Morocco: Tanger – (Anat.) – (Not Webb &amp; Van Beneden, 1836).</p><p>Parmacella (Parmacella) deshayesi – Wiktor 1983 b: 83 –85, figs 1–9 – Morocco: Sidi Slimane, oued Elhadar, 3 km S from Taza Haut; Beni Hozmar Mts, ca. 5 km S. of Tetuan.</p><p>Parmacella (Escutiella) deshayesii – Martínez-Ortí and Borredà 2012: 1 –18, figs 1 a-f, 2 a-d, 3 a-i, 5 a-e, 6 (map) – Oran, Ain Franin, Oran-Kristel road, near the cliff (UTM = YE 2765); Tlemcen (UTM = XD 7372).</p><p>Drusia (Escutiella) deshayesii – Borredà and Martínez-Ortí 2017: 4, fig. 3 – Ain Franin, road Oran- Kristel, near the diff; Tlemcen.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>• 5 exx; Relizane, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=0.7338833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.893883" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 0.7338833/lat 35.893883)">El Hamadna</a>; 35°53.633'N, 0°44.033'E; 85 m a. s. l.; 1 March 2022; A. Bekkouche leg.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body unicolour reddish-brown both in juveniles and adults, with no bands or spots; shell with smooth protoconch and wide, oval spatula; genitalia characterised by a long vas deferens; gradually widening epiphallus; cylindrical penis with a swelling in the middle; short atrium, atrial accessory appendices only slightly unequal and with a big fold inside; very large perivaginal gland; duct of the bursa copulatrix widened at the base; large oval bursa copulatrix.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Northwest Algeria and northeast Morocco.</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>Parmacellids are herbivorous.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Drusia deshayesii is a well-known species (Wiktor 1983 b; Martínez-Ortí and Borredà 2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/895AA0B00DA1558BA6415F1297B05836	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
821C1DA13838599888031626F02DF9B7.text	821C1DA13838599888031626F02DF9B7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Letourneuxia Bourguignat 1866	<div><p>Genus Letourneuxia Bourguignat, 1866</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Pneumostome antemedial, posterior body end rounded with a small caudal mucus gland; genitalia without epiphallus and penis, large atrium with a ligule inside. Monospecific genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/821C1DA13838599888031626F02DF9B7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
0026B30D7DD75416AF397E516A3B1A9D.text	0026B30D7DD75416AF397E516A3B1A9D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Letourneuxia nyctelia Bourguignat 1861	<div><p>Letourneuxia nyctelia Bourguignat, 1861</p><p>Figs 46–49</p><p>Limax nyctelius – Bourguignat 1861: 305–306 – Environs de Bougie et d’Alger, sur la colline de Budjaria, de Tlemcen, Aïn-el-Haout – et Oran – d’Alger, de Constantine, de Boghar.</p><p>Letourneuxia numidica – Bourguignat 1866: 201, pl. 34, figs 1–7 – Tlemcen (NW-Algeria). Wiktor 1983 a: 156–160, figs 1–13. – Morocco: Taza-Bab Rih; Ras El Oued, 12 km south of Taza; Beni Hozmar Mts., 3–5 km south of Tetuan.</p><p>Letourneuxia atlantica – Bourguignat in Pechaud 1884: 6 – Tlemcen (NW-Algeria).</p><p>Arion (Ariunculus) moreleti – Hesse 1884: 14, pl. 8, figs 1–4 – Tanger (Morocco).</p><p>Geomalacus (Letourneuxia) turneri – Pollonera 1890 b: 38 – Oran (Algeria).</p><p>Ariunculus pallaryi – Collinge 1904: 47 – Echmühl, Oran, Algeria. syn. nov.</p><p>Geomalacus (Letourneuxia) maroccanus – Pollonera 1916: 191 – Grand Atlas (= Haut Atlas, Morocco).</p><p>Letourneuxia nyctelia – Hutchinson et al. 2022: 19 –41 – Algeria, Morocco.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>No specimens in our samples.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Mantle narrowed in front, widely rounded backwards, pneumostome antemedial; body rear blunted, with caudal mucus gland weakly developed; body reddish-brown with a dark-brown back and lateral band, reddish mantle with a lateral dark-brown band; thick pentagonal shell with an eccentric nucleus, without growth striae; genitalia characterised by: oviduct tube-shaped, opening to atrium slightly laterally, without bulbus; large atrium with a large ligule inside; without penis and epiphallus; however, Pollonera (1890 b) referred to a small penis which gradually passes to the vas deferens; bifurcated genital retractor muscle, one branch attached to the duct of the bursa copulatrix, the other branch to the posterior part of the atrium (Wiktor 1983 a).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Described from Tlemcen, Oran, northwestern Algeria, it is also recorded from northeastern Morocco.</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>Letourneuxia nyctelia lives on rocks near streams, among herbs, lime debris, oleander scrubs or pine-oak forest, pine trees, and eucalyptus trees.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>For many decades, this species was known under the name L. numidica, but Hutchinson et al. (2022) recently proposed nyctelia as its senior name. Collinge (1904) described the external features and genitalia of a new species, Ariunculus pallaryi Collinge, 1904 which correspond well to L. nyctelia . The type locality of A. pallaryi is Echmühl, situated in the same Algerian region where L. nyctelia is widespread (Oran, western Algeria).</p><p>Ariunculus pallaryi Collinge, 1904 (t. l. Echmühl, Oran, Algeria) is here proposed as a new junior synonym of L. nyctelia Bourguignat, 1861, following the suggestion of Hutchinson and Reise (2015).</p><p>Aucapitaine (1862) reported specimens of Arion rufus from Kabylia, differing from European individuals only in their smaller size. No later author has confirmed the presence of arionids in Kabylia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0026B30D7DD75416AF397E516A3B1A9D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
2393B1B2158F509FB7A3FCC35150F63C.text	2393B1B2158F509FB7A3FCC35150F63C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limacus flavus (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Limacus flavus (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>Figs 63–65</p><p>Limax deshayesi – Bourguignat 1861: 36–37, pl. 1, figs 1–2 – Environs de Cherchell et les jardins qui avoisinent Alger. Bourguignat 1864: 37, pl. 1, figs 3–4 – Environs de Cherchell; Alger. Lallemant 1869: 23 – Environs d’Alger. Lallemant 1881: 83 – Algérie: Alger. Brognart 1882: 1089 – Atlas au-dessus de Blida. Heynemann 1885: 258 – Algeria: Cherchell, Algiers, Oran bis Sagda.</p><p>Limax (Limax) flavus – Tryon 1885: 200, pl. 49, figs 70–72; pl. 50, fig. 76 – Algiers.</p><p>Limax (Plepticlimax) flavus – Pollonera 1891: 1 –2 – Cherchell, Algeri, Bona.</p><p>Limax flavus – Taylor 1903: 88 – Morocco: Tangiers; Algeria: Cherchell, Algiers; Libya: Tripoli. Seurat 1930: 260 – Algeria.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>No specimens in our samples.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Penis is cylindrical, without an appendix, measuring ~ 1 / 6 of body length, with an internal proximal penis wall with 3–6 longitudinal wavy flaps, followed in the distal penis by three larger folds, one of which is expanded, bursa copulatrix duct joined with the vagina (Abbes et al. 2010).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>The original distribution area of L. flavus is not known precisely; probably in southeastern Europe. Nowadays, L. flavus has been introduced worldwide.</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>A species tolerant of human disturbance, which inhabits gardens and parks, recorded near human dwellings, especially basements and cellars (Borredà and Martínez-Ortí- 2017).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Limacus flavus was recorded especially as a synanthropic species in Algeria.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2393B1B2158F509FB7A3FCC35150F63C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
FFF1CDA77DB15F768015E81841B3C2F0.text	FFF1CDA77DB15F768015E81841B3C2F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limacus Lehmann 1864	<div><p>Genus Limacus Lehmann, 1864</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body length ≤ 120 mm; keel short and ill-defined; mantle covers &lt;1 / 3 of body length; pneumostome postmedial; body yellowish or greenish-brown, with yellowish spots; shell thin, oblong-oval, dorsal surface weakly convex with distinct growth lines, ventral surface concave; protoconch not protruding, positioned asymmetrically on the left side; organic layer surrounding the shell, partially decalcified shells not uncommon; prostate longer than the oviduct and not fused to it at the anterior end.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FFF1CDA77DB15F768015E81841B3C2F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
2F6FF9EF02F557FBAEC91D96BC6B2BCE.text	2F6FF9EF02F557FBAEC91D96BC6B2BCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Milax ater (Collinge 1895)	<div><p>Milax ater (Collinge, 1895)</p><p>Figs 2, 3, 53</p><p>Amalia ater Collinge, 1895: 336, pl. 23, figs 1–5 – Algeria – (Anat.).</p><p>Milax gagates – Wiktor 1983 a: 160 (partim).</p><p>Milax nigricans – Wiktor 1983 a: 161 (partim).</p><p>Milax ater – Wiktor 1987: 193 –196, figs 42–50, map. 2 – Algeria, Constantine, Gorges du Rhumel, and Tizi-Ougoulmime, Djurdjura Mts. – (Anat.).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>• 2 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Akvil, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.2833333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.483616" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.2833333/lat 36.483616)">Ait Ouavan Forest</a>; 36°29.017'N, 4°17.000'E; 855 m a. s. l.; 23 February 2022; R. Ramdini leg.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Medium-sized slug, body length 35–50 mm; mantle length 10–20 mm; body uniformly black, in some specimens head and sides downwards lighter, sole dirty creamy; oval-conical smooth stimulator, on its tip there are small flat processes or a sort of fan (Fig. 2). Penis roughly equal in length to epiphallus, a shallow constriction separates the penis from the epiphallus (Fig. 3); inside the epiphallus dense small papillae, penis papilla of simple structure; inside the penis complex folds of two types; spermatophore unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Species endemic to Algeria: Constantina (Gorges du Rhumel); Tizi-Ougoulmime (Mountain of Djurdjura).</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>Collected on limestone and in humid places (Wiktor 1987), under stones and decomposing organic matter.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The slug is externally indistinguishable from the other two Milax species occurring in Algeria, M. nigricans and M. gagates . It can be reliably identified by examining the genital organs, particularly the characteristics of the stimulator. The two specimens examined showed a short, almost oval, smooth stimulator, one with a hook near the apex and the other with a blunt apex. In M. gagates, the stimulator is narrower, tongue-shaped, with a few irregularly scattered small, spiny papillae towards the apex, whereas in M. nigricans it is conical, with papillae randomly distributed on the inner side, most of them located at the stimulator base. Milax ater is endemic to Algeria and is known from only a few localities; it is a species deserving attention and protection.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F6FF9EF02F557FBAEC91D96BC6B2BCE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
2E6438461073551F989B30E849530557.text	2E6438461073551F989B30E849530557.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Milax gagates (Draparnaud 1801)	<div><p>Milax gagates (Draparnaud, 1801)</p><p>Figs 4–6, 54</p><p>Amalia cabiliana – Pollonera 1891: 4 – El-Hammam nella Cabilia, Algeria. syn. nov.</p><p>Amalia gagates – Seurat 1930: 260 – Algeria.</p><p>Milax gagates – Wiktor 1983 a: 161 – Algeria: Ait Haouari, Djurdjura Mts., south of Mechtras; Tizi-Ougoulimime Djudjura Mts. 1770 m, west of Tikjda; Kabylia, mountains midway between Mirabeau and Dra-el-Mizan; Morocco: Kazba-Tadia – (Anat.). Wiktor 1987: 202–206, figs 67–72, map. 3 – Algeria, Morocco – (Anat.). Wiktor 1996: 20, fig. 14 – NW Africa. Abbes et al. 2010: 220–223 – Tunisia: Tinja; Djebel Ammar; Bni Mtir; Zaghouan; Ichkeul National Park; Zriba; Aïn Errahma; Aïn Draham; Bir Bouregba. Borredà and Martínez-Ortí 2017: 4, fig. 4 – Morocco: Aoufous, Tafilalelt; Tassout, Oued Lakhdar; Beni Melal; Tighssaline; Tiouririne, oued after Sidi Addi; Azrou; Larache; Spain: Melilla, Legion Barracks; Algeria: Road Tlemcen, Sebou, before to the junction to Beni Snous; Bejaïa, Cap Carbon, Pic des Signes; Tlemcen, Zariffet Forest; Oran, Ain el Turk; Algiers, Aïn Taya.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>• 2 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.3097167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.571384" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.3097167/lat 36.571384)">Ain El Hammam</a>; 36°34.283'N, 4°18.583'E; 1075 m a. s. l.; October 2019; R. Ramdini leg. • 15 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Makouda, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.0227833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.801384" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.0227833/lat 36.801384)">Tazarourt</a>; 36°48.083'N, 4°1.367'E; 340 m a. s. l.; November 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 18 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.26445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.726383" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.26445/lat 36.726383)">El Kahra</a>; 36°43.583'N, 4°15.867'E; 110 m a. s. l.; December 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 12 exx; Jijel, National Park of Taza, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=5.63945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.667217" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 5.63945/lat 36.667217)">Garouche forest</a>; 36°40.033'N, 5°38.367'E; 700 m a. s. l.; January 2021; R. Ramdini leg.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body uniformly blackish or dark grey; sole with blackish sides and lighter middle; stimulator narrow, tongue-shaped, gradually narrowing towards its end, smooth with few irregularly scattered, small, spiny papillae at the apex (Fig. 4); epiphallus claviform and double or more penis length (Fig. 5); internal walls of the epiphallus show a reticulated structure, with annular grooves in the proximal part (Fig. 6); spermatophore elongate, posterior end somewhat broader, spines branching dichotomously yet quite irregularly, covering one side of the spermatophore, the other side is smooth.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Southwestern Europe and northwestern Africa. Introduced to central and northern Europe, Tasmania, New Zealand, Polynesia, America, South Africa, Japan, Bermuda, and numerous islands on the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans (Herbert 2010 and cited literature).</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>This species was recorded in a variety of habitats, in grasslands under wet rocks, in forests under tree trunks and in shady, damp places; it was found at 1000 m altitude in Ain El-Hammam (Michelet, Tizi-Ouzou).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Milax gagates is a common species in Morocco and northwestern Algeria, less common in northeastern Algeria and Tunisia (Abbes et al. 2010; this study). Pollonera (1891) described the new species Amalia cabiliana (type locality El-Hammam, Kabylia, Algeria) with genitalia indistinguishable from those of M. gagates and differing only in external features (smaller body dimensions, paler groves on the back, and a band around the mantle groove less regular and less visible). Amalia cabiliana was subsequently reported by Pollonera (1916) from Dar M’tougui, Amismiz, Grand Atlas, Morocco. Specimens from the type locality examined by us turned out to be indistinguishable from M. gagates . We propose A. cabiliana Pollonera, 1891 as a junior synonym of M. gagates (Draparnaud, 1801) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E6438461073551F989B30E849530557	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
C6483C0281DA50C8946C14467005DF51.text	C6483C0281DA50C8946C14467005DF51.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Milax J. E. Gray 1855	<div><p>Genus Milax J. E. Gray, 1855</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body in the Algerian species ≤ 50–100 mm, width 7–15 mm; mantle length 13–30 mm; keel very prominent, visible along the whole length of the back; mantle notched posteriorly near the keel and with a distinct horseshoe-shaped groove; pneumostome almost postmedial; shell nail-like, slightly convex dorsally, more or less calcified ventrally, the nucleus is placed posteriorly on the major axis, upper surface with concentric irregular growth lines, in ventral view a thick straight wall delimits the posterior margin of the shell; genitalia with a single, large accessory gland, opening laterally to atrium; large atrium with stimulator inside, duct of the bursa copulatrix opens on the vagina, sometimes on the atrium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C6483C0281DA50C8946C14467005DF51	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
23AB191531565F97AA6812CD3A11C80C.text	23AB191531565F97AA6812CD3A11C80C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Milax nigricans (R. A. Philippi 1836)	<div><p>Milax nigricans (R. A. Philippi, 1836)</p><p>Figs 7–16, 55</p><p>Milax nigricans – Wiktor 1983 a: 161 – Algeria: Hamma, Jardin d’Essai; Lakhdaria (= Gorges de Palestro), rocky river gape of Isser; Kabylia, Skikda (= Philippeville); Annaba (= Bone). Roman ruins of Hippona; Djebel Edough in the vicinity of Annaba (= Bone), between Seraidi (= Bugeaud) and Sainte-Croix-d’Edough. Wiktor 1987: 159, 161, 179, 193, 195, 205–207, 211–214, figs 78–84, map. 4 – Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Egypt – (Anat.). Wiktor 1996: 20–21, figs 15–19 – Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Egypt.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>• 24 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Yakouren, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.435&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.745834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.435/lat 36.745834)">Yakouren Forest</a>; 36°44.750'N, 4°26.100'E; 720 m a. s. l.; November 2018; R. Ramdini leg. • 15 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Makouda, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.0227833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.801384" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.0227833/lat 36.801384)">Tazarourt</a>; 36°48.083'N, 4°1.367'E; 340 m a. s. l.; December 2018; R. Ramdini leg. • 9 exx; Algiers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.9311166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.80445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.9311166/lat 36.80445)">Ain Benian</a>; 36°48.267'N, 2°55.867'E; 25 m a. s. l.; December 2018; R. Ramdini leg. • 9 exx; Algiers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.9852834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.753883" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.9852834/lat 36.753883)">Dely Ibrahim</a>; 36°45.233'N, 2°59.117'E; 260 m a. s. l.; December 2018; R. Ramdini leg. • 8 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.07555&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.500282" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.07555/lat 36.500282)">Ouadhias</a>; 36°30.017'N, 4°4.533'E; 750 m a. s. l.; February 2019; R. Ramdini leg. • 6 exx; Boumerdès, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=3.9724998&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.90055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 3.9724998/lat 36.90055)">Afir</a>; 36°54.033'N, 3°58.350'E; 10 m a. s. l.; December 2019; R. Ramdini leg. • 7 exx; Boumerdès, Corse; 36°45.983'N, 3°26.817'E; 10 m a. s. l.; December 2019; R. Ramdini leg. • 11 exx; Boumerdès, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=3.6686168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.678333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 3.6686168/lat 36.678333)">Chabet El Ameur</a>; 36°40.700'N, 3°40.117'E; 160 / 140 m a. s. l.; December 2019; R. Ramdini leg. • 10 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Mizrana, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.07555&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.834167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.07555/lat 36.834167)">Mizrana Forest</a>; 36°50.050'N, 4°4.533'E; 730 m a. s. l.; January 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 13 exx; Boumerdès, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=3.6622167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.73028" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 3.6622167/lat 36.73028)">Issers</a>; 36°43.817'N, 3°39.733'E; 25 m a. s. l.; January 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 17 exx; Algiers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.9527833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.6625" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.9527833/lat 36.6625)">Douera</a>; 36°39.750'N, 2°57.167'E; 180 m a. s. l.; January 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 6 exx; Algiers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=3.2391667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.8025" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 3.2391667/lat 36.8025)">Tamentfoust</a>; 36°48.150'N, 3°14.350'E; 20 m a. s. l.; February 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 15 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Tigzirt, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.1666665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.84445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.1666665/lat 36.84445)">Tifra</a>; 36°50.667'N, 4°10.000'E; 630 m a. s. l.; October 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 9 exx; Algiers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=3.0886166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.615284" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 3.0886166/lat 36.615284)">Sidi Moussa</a>; 36°36.917'N, 3°5.317'E; 41 m a. s. l.; November 2020; R. Ramdini leg. • 19 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Makouda, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.0311165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.802784" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.0311165/lat 36.802784)">Tigoulmamine</a>; 36°48.167'N, 4°1.867'E; 350 m a. s. l.; January 2021; R. Ramdini leg.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>While European populations show a blackish or pale greyish body and cream sole (Wiktor 1987; Turóci et al. 2023), the Algerian M. nigricans populations show remarkable variability in the external colouring: brown with paler spots, or uniform pale cream with dark head and tentacles, or grey with whitish spots, or uniform white (Figs 7–12). Genitalia characterised by stimulator conical with acuminate to rounded papillae randomly distributed on the inner side, most of them situated at the stimulator base and absent at its tip (Figs 13, 14); penis oval, epiphallus claviform, slightly longer than the penis (Fig. 15); short penial papilla of annular shape (Fig. 16); spermatophore elongate conical, covered on all sides and along its whole length by multiply branched spines, the largest and most dense spines cover the anterior ending.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This species, probably native to the Mediterranean area, currently has a European-Mediterranean distribution that extends to the Canary Islands (Wiktor 1987).</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>Milax nigricans is synanthropic; it colonises a wide range of habitats, gardens, greenhouses, parks, and cultivated land, as well as oak forests and olive groves. It takes refuge mainly under stones, organic debris, or any substrate capable of creating wet micro-habitats (plastic, polystyrene, paper).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Many taxa have been established for the genus Milax from Algeria. However, they were described based on the external morphology and colouring of the slugs, with little data or without any data on the diagnostic characters of the reproductive system and spermatophore. Our morphological examinations revealed a relevant colour variability in M. nigricans from Algeria, which is unknown in other regions. The other two Algerian Milax species, M. ater and M. gagates, have scarcely variable blackish or greyish colouring. This leads us to suspect that several older nominal taxa (based on external colouring) may be synonymous with M. nigricans . However, more intensive sampling is needed, and we prefer to keep them as taxa inquirenda. Taxa inquirenda in the genus Milax described from Algeria are gagates var. mediterranea Cockerell, 1891 (t. l. east Algeria and Sicily); eremiophilus Bourguignat, 1861 (t. l. surroundings of Cherchell); scaptobius Bourguignat, 1862 (t. l. surroundings of Bougie, surroundings of Constantine); insularis var. algerica Pollonera, 1891 (t. l. Algiers); collingei Hesse, 1926 (t. l. Algiers).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/23AB191531565F97AA6812CD3A11C80C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
CD6574CB1E6E5978815B5DAD2C5AE17F.text	CD6574CB1E6E5978815B5DAD2C5AE17F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Testacella (Testacella) fischeriana Bourguignat 1862	<div><p>Testacella (Testacella) fischeriana Bourguignat, 1862</p><p>Fig. 81</p><p>Testacella fischeriana – Bourguignat 1862 c: 516–517, pl. 13, figs 5–7 – Environs de Constantine, d’Alger. Giusti et al. 1995: 320, figs 300–301, 303–304 – Sidi Kouzeil, Mount Edough, Annaba, Algeria; Gorges du Rhumel, Costantine, Algeria.</p><p>Testacella brondeli – Bourguignat 1862 b: 521 –522, pl. 13, figs 14–16 – Environs de Bone, en Algérie.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>No specimens in our samples.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Enlarged vas deferens; penis slender, partially enveloped in a muscular-glandular sheath from which the penial retractor emerges; a penial diverticulum originating at the point where the proximal penis ends, and the distal penis begins.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Northeastern Algeria and northern Tunisia (Giusti et al. 1995; Abbes et al. 2010).</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>Testacella fischeriana live in earthworm burrows and soil crevices, hunting and eating earthworms.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Testacella fischeriana is a well-known species. Giusti et al. (1995) recorded it from Annaba, Sidi Kouzeil, and Constantine.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD6574CB1E6E5978815B5DAD2C5AE17F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
6ED0D8E83F965A9A9D05E1E889EB3EB0.text	6ED0D8E83F965A9A9D05E1E889EB3EB0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Testacella (Testacella) riedeli Giusti, Manganelli & Schembri 1995	<div><p>Testacella (Testacella) riedeli Giusti, Manganelli &amp; Schembri, 1995</p><p>Figs 40–45, 82</p><p>Testacella riedeli – Giusti et al. 1995: 317 –326, figs 288–293, 302 – Col de Kefrida, Bejaia, Algeria.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>• 2 exx; Algiers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.9852834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.753883" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.9852834/lat 36.753883)">Dely Ibrahim</a>; 36°45.233'N, 2°59.117'E; 260 m a. s. l.; October 2018; R. Radmini leg. (Figs 40, 41) . • 3 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Makouda, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.0311165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.802784" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.0311165/lat 36.802784)">Tigoulmamine</a>; 36°48.167'N, 4°1.867'E; 350 m a. s. l.; November 2019; R. Radmini leg. • 5 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Yakouren, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.435&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.745834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.435/lat 36.745834)">Yakouren Forest</a>; 36°44.750'N, 4°26.100'E; 720 m a. s. l.; November 2019; R. Radmini leg. • 3 exx; Tizi-Ouzou, Mizrana, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.07555&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.834167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.07555/lat 36.834167)">Mizrana Forest</a>; 36°50.050'N, 4°4.533'E; 730 m a. s. l.; November 2019; R. Radmini leg. • 2 exx; Jijel, National Park of Taza, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=5.63945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.667217" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 5.63945/lat 36.667217)">Garouche forest</a>; 36°40.033'N, 5°38.367'E; 700 m a. s. l.; January 2021; G. Sadouk leg. • 1 ex; Jijel, National Park of Taza, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=5.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.70945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 5.55/lat 36.70945)">Tabola</a>; 36°42.567'N, 5°33.000'E; 54 m a. s. l.; January 2021; G. Sadouk leg.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Vas deferens long, distally widened and with irregularly spaced muscles; penis enveloped by a thick muscular and glandular sheath, from which penial retractor muscle emerges (Figs 42, 43); proximal penis long and slender; distal penis half length of proximal penis, progressively widening before entering genital atrium (Fig. 44); short wide vagina; initially flared duct of the bursa copulatrix, ending in large oval bursa copulatrix; internal walls of the distal penis and vagina with several longitudinal flaps (Fig. 45).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Northern Algeria, where it is widespread and quite common, and Gozo Island (Maltese Islands) (Giusti et al. 1995).</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>Testacellids are subterranean and emerge only on wet days. They feed primarily on earthworms.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The populations examined enable us to expand the range of this species to the west, up to the Algiers province (Fig. 1 B). Additionally, we provide the first morphological data on the internal structure of the penis and vagina (Fig. 45).</p><p>Key for the identification of the Algerian slugs and semi-slugs, referring to fully grown, living specimens</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6ED0D8E83F965A9A9D05E1E889EB3EB0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
26A87517590A59C4A021590700F997C0.text	26A87517590A59C4A021590700F997C0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vitrina letourneuxi (Bourguignat 1864)	<div><p>? Vitrina letourneuxi (Bourguignat, 1864)</p><p>Figs 72, 73</p><p>Vitrina letourneuxi – Bourguignat 1864: 303 – Sommet du petit atlas de Blida, près du marabout de Sidi-Abd-el-Kader. Sturany 1909: 292 – Algeria.</p><p>Vitrina? letourneuxi – Forcart 1959: pl. 1, fig. 1 (Lectotype) – Kleiner Atlas von Blida beim Marabout Sidi-Abd-el-Kader, 1600 m.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>No specimens in our samples.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Shell vitrinid-like, apex slightly immersed, spire with 3 1 / 2 convex whorls; the first 2 1 / 2–3 whorls with a microsculpture of spirally arranged pits; radial striae near the suture and irregularly subplicate last whorl; transversely oblong aperture; peristome with rounded basal margin and columellar margin folded on the umbilicus; shell maximum height (H): 3 mm, shell maximum diameter (D): 5 mm. Based on Bourguignat’s original description, the mollusc can withdraw completely into the shell; it has a transparent, greyish-white body; the mantle is darker at the edges and covers most of the spire; the large tentacles are brown-violet; the rear part of the body is pointed and slightly brownish. Genitalia Unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>So far known only from the type locality: at the top of the small atlas of Blidah, near the marabout of Sidi-Abd-el-Kader.</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>? Vitrina letourneuxi lives under moist debris of shavings, branches, and needles of Cedrus atlantica ((Endl.) Manetti ex Carrière, 1855).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Sturany (1909) hypothesised a close relationship between? V. letourneuxi and the endemic Oligolimax species from Libya. Forcart (1959) rejected this hypothesis and suggested that the Algerian species belongs to the genus Vitrina . In our opinion, based on the descriptions of Bourguignat (1864) and Forcart (1959) and its geographical isolation, it cannot be excluded that? V. letourneuxi belongs to other unknown or unexpected vitrinid genera. This question can only be resolved by studying genital morphology and / or by molecular analysis.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/26A87517590A59C4A021590700F997C0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ramdini, Ramdane;Liberto, Fabio;Sadouk, Ghania;Gregorini, Armando;Colomba, Mariastella	Ramdini, Ramdane, Liberto, Fabio, Sadouk, Ghania, Gregorini, Armando, Colomba, Mariastella (2026): Contributions to the knowledge of slugs and semi-slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) from Algeria. ZooKeys 1270: 307-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1270.156458
