identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
756187FA3B3956DC849F6171673E0009.text	756187FA3B3956DC849F6171673E0009.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthocnema Becker 1894	<div><p>Genus Acanthocnema Becker, 1894</p><p>Acanthocnema Becker, 1894: 136 (preocc. Costa, 1859). Type species: Cordylura nigrimana Zetterstedt, 1846, by original designation. Name conserved by ICZN (1954: 91).</p><p>Clinoceroides Hendel, 1917: 36 . Type species: Cordylura glaucescens Loew, 1864, by original designation.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>See Sinclair (2025) for complete diagnosis. Acanthocnema is characterized by the following characters: proepisternum with setulae anterior to the anterior spiracle; katepisternum with one strong seta in posterodorsal corner; fore tibia with ventral apical spur (Fig. 9); and scutellum with two pairs of strong setae. The unique ventral fore tibial spur distinguishes this genus from similar genera in the region that all possess a row of spine-like ventral setae on the fore tibia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/756187FA3B3956DC849F6171673E0009	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sinclair, Bradley J.;Saigusa, Toyohei	Sinclair, Bradley J., Saigusa, Toyohei (2026): Revision of the species of Acanthocnema Becker from Nepal, Myanmar and Yunnan, China, with notes on Acerocnema Becker (Diptera, Anthomyiidae, Scathophaginae). Evolutionary Systematics 10 (1): 125-135, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.195813
C2C015293A6950D8856EC78D81835992.text	C2C015293A6950D8856EC78D81835992.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthocnema himalaica Suwa 1986	<div><p>Acanthocnema himalaica Suwa, 1986</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 19</p><p>Acanthocnema himalaica Suwa, 1986: 10 . Type locality: Thudam, Nepal.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This species is distinguished from other Acanthocnema species in this region by the infuscate wings lacking spots (Fig. 1), rectangular male sternite 4, with posterior margin straight, slightly longer than wide, narrower than sternite 5; surstylus strongly tapered on apical half, ending in a narrow, short digitiform prolongation (Figs 3, 4).</p><p>Acanthocnema himalaica is most similar to A. sternalis Suwa, 1986, but is distinguished mostly by the narrower apex of sternite 5 compared to the broader apex in the latter species (Suwa 1986, fig. 13; Ozerov and Krivosheina 2018, fig. 17 (as vikhrevi Ozerov &amp; Krivosheina, 2014).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Nepal: • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.783333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.6/lat 27.783333)">NE Thudam</a>, 4000 m, 27°47'N, 87°36'E, 25. vi. 1972, J. Emoto (2 ♂, 1 ♀, CNC) ; • same data except, H. Shima (1 ♀, CNC); • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.55/lat 27.766666)">Thudam</a>, 3500–3800 m, 27°45'N, 87°31'E – 27°46'N, 87°33'E, 19. vi. 1972, Y. Nishida (1 ♀, CNC) ; • same data except, H. Shima (1 ♂, CNC); • Thudam, 3500 m, 27°45'N, 87°32'E – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.6/lat 27.666666)">Tanga La</a>, 4700 m, 27°40'N, 87°36'E, 7. vii. 1972, Y. Nishida (1 ♂, CNC) . China: Yunnan: • Zhongdian, Tuomunan [27°20'N, 99°59'E], 2900 m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.98333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.333334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.98333/lat 27.333334)">34 km N Qiaotou</a>, 11. vi. 1996, T. Saigusa (2 ♂, 1 ♀, KUMF) ; • Yunlong [25°50'N, 99°02'E], 2500–2600 m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.833334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.03333/lat 25.833334)">3 km NNW of Zhichang</a>, 5. vi. 1996, T. Saigusa (1 ♂, 2 ♀, KUMF) ; • Zhongdian, Jingxing [27°16'15"N, 100°00'55"E], 2170 m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.015274&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.270834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.015274/lat 27.270834)">14 km N Qiaotou</a>, 9. vi. 1996, T. Saigusa (1 ♀, KUMF) ; • Lijian, Heishuihe [27°09'03"N, 100°14'05"E], 2800–2900 m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.23472&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.150833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.23472/lat 27.150833)">Yulongxueshan</a>, 15. vi. 1996, T. Saigusa (1 ♂, KUMF) ; • Lijian, Baishuihe [27°07'40"N, 100°13'20"E], 2950–3100 m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.22222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.127777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.22222/lat 27.127777)">Yulongxueshan</a>, 13. vi. 1996, T. Saigusa (1 ♂, CNC) .</p><p>Description.</p><p>This species was thoroughly described by Suwa (1986).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This species is known from Nepal, and this study reports the first record from Yunnan, China (Fig. 19).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C2C015293A6950D8856EC78D81835992	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sinclair, Bradley J.;Saigusa, Toyohei	Sinclair, Bradley J., Saigusa, Toyohei (2026): Revision of the species of Acanthocnema Becker from Nepal, Myanmar and Yunnan, China, with notes on Acerocnema Becker (Diptera, Anthomyiidae, Scathophaginae). Evolutionary Systematics 10 (1): 125-135, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.195813
0992060863265E85948DD6D5A023AD04.text	0992060863265E85948DD6D5A023AD04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthocnema malaisei Sinclair & Saigusa 2026	<div><p>Acanthocnema malaisei sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 5–7, 19</p><p>Acanthocnema unnamed sp.: Vockeroth, 1977: 436 (Oriental catalogue).</p><p>Acanthocnema longispina Suwa, 1986: Šifner 2010: 617 (misidentification).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This species is distinguished from other Acanthocnema species in this region by the infuscate wings lacking spots, rectangular male sternite 4, with V-shaped posterior margin (Fig. 5), wider than long, nearly as wide as sternite 5 and lateral margins divergent; surstylus rectangular, only slightly tapered apically, with apex broadly rounded (Figs 6, 7).</p><p>The elongate and rounded-tipped surstyli of A. malaisei sp. nov. are unlike most other species of the genus. Most other regional species have narrow, tapered surstyli (posterior view), except A. nigrimana (Zetterstedt, 1846) which have apically truncate surstyli and very long apical setae (Suwa 1986, fig. 17).</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype • ♂ labelled: “ N. E. BURMA / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.15/lat 25.4)">Kambaiti</a> [25°24'N 98°9'E], 7000 ft. / 30. IV. 1934 / R. MALAISE ”; “ Acanthocnema / PARATYPE / (Clinoceroides) / longispina / Vockeroth [yellow label] ”; “ NHRS -MAAC / 00000547 ”; “ HOLOTYPE / Acanthocnema / malaisei / Sinclair &amp; Saigusa [red label] ” (NHRS) . Paratype. Myanmar: • Kambaiti, 2000 m, 14. v. 1934 Malaise (1 ♂, CNC) .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body blackish in ground color, densely bluish grey pruinescent laterally, including postpronotal lobe and scutellum, dark brown dorsally. Wing length: 6.0– 6.1 mm. Male. Head. Frontal vitta completely black, matt; fronto-orbital plate black, grey pruinescent along eye margin, with numerous black setulae. Chaetotaxy: 3 slender lateroclinate orbitals; 2 slender inclinate frontals; 1 pair of ocellars, 1 long inner vertical (longer than ocellar seta), 1 shorter outer vertical; postocellar setae very weak; row of dark postocular setae; 1 vibrissa, 1 subequal, strong subvibrissa. Gena silvery pruinescent, broad, depth below eye subequal to length of postpedicel; postgenal setae yellowish, soft, longer than width of postgena. Face, parafacial and occiput silvery pruinescent. Palpus brownish [lost in holotype, paratype greasy] with long, white setae. Proboscis with broad, shiny prementum, without setae. Antenna black; postpedicel [lost in holotype] rounded apically, twice as long as broad. Arista pubescent on basal quarter and bare apically.</p><p>Thorax. Dark brown with greyish postpronotal lobe, notopleuron, lateral margin of scutum from notopleuron to postalar callus and scutellum; pleura and mediotergite with greyish pruinescence. Acrostichals biserial, short, slender; 2 + 3 dorsocentrals; 1 + 2 (?) intra-alars; 1 + 1 supra-alars; 1 postpronotal; 2 notopleurals, 2 postalars; scutellum with pair of strong apical setae and pair of strong basal setae; dorsal surface of scutum and scutellum clothed in black setae and setulae. Dark proepisternal seta present. Proepimeral seta absent. Anepisternum with pale setae on posterior half and 1 long, strong seta and several long, thinner setae near posterior margin. Katepisternum with 1 strong seta in posterodorsal corner and numerous long, yellow setae.</p><p>Legs. Black, with dense greyish pruinescence. Fore femur with 3–4 posteroventral setae extending beyond dense setulae on basal half. Fore tibia with ventral apical spur, 0 anterodorsal at mid-length and 1 posteroventral seta at apical fourth; with row of short spinules ventrally. Mid femur with row of anterodorsal setae, with 2 preapical dorsal, 1 preapical posterodorsal and 2 posterior preapical setae. Mid tibia slightly expanded apically with dense, erect ventral setae; 1 preapical dorsal seta and 1 preapical posterodorsal seta; 1 posterior seta near mid-length. Hind femur with row of long anterodorsal setae and row of long anteroventral setae. Hind tibia with 2 anterodorsal setae and 3 posterodorsal setae on basal half; 1 dorsal preapical seta.</p><p>Wing. Infuscate, without band; veins black; crossvein dm-m at right angles, not aligned with M 4; M 4 strong beyond cell dm, one-quarter length of crossvein dm-m; CuA + CuP strong on basal two-thirds, weakened to wing margin or fading out before reaching wing margin. Calypteres and halter pale brown.</p><p>Abdomen. Dissected, coloration unknown. Sternite 4 rectangular, wider than long, nearly as wide as sternite 5, lateral margins divergent, posterior margin V-shaped (Fig. 5). Sternite 5 broad, with triangular-shaped lobes, with short setae along inner margin; apex narrow, slightly hooked medially; anterior margin divided medially into pair of arched flattened apodemes (Fig. 5). Terminalia (Figs 6, 7): Epandrium rounded, narrowed laterally, extended laterally beyond base of surstylus. Cercus short, apical margin rounded in lateral view; cerci broadly separated, convergent apically. Surstylus elongate, length subequal to height of epandrium; straight, not convergent in posterior view; apex rounded; posterior face with dense pale setae. Phallapodeme elongate, flattened dorsoventrally. Pregonite strongly recurved with subapical seta; apex rounded. Postgonite gently arched with rounded apex; numerous setae on apical half. Ejaculatory apodeme fan-shaped. Distiphallus with inner, straight acrophallus, flanked by pair of divergent, slightly arched paraphallus; anterior apical margin of paraphallus jagged.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>This species is named in honour of the collector, René Malaise, in recognition of the valuable and diverse insects that he collected in Burma (presently known as Myanmar).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This species is known only from the type locality at the border between Myanmar and China (Fig. 19). The samples were collected during the 1934 Swedish Expedition to “ Kambaiti ”, led by René Malaise. This site is a mountain pass near the town Kan Paik Ti, in Kachin State, located in northeastern Myanmar (Brunke 2023).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>While studying the Scathophaginae of the Oriental Region, Richard Vockeroth attached a yellow paratype label with the name “ longispina ” to each of the two known specimens of this species [labels are in Vockeroth’s handwriting], but the name was never published. Later Suwa (1986) used this name for a species he described from Japan. Šifner (2010) examined the CNC specimen and identified the specimen as A. longispina Suwa. Unfortunately, his identification was incorrect based on distinct differences in the male terminalia (e. g., length and shape of surstyli). The shape of the surstyli clearly distinguishes this species from other species in the region.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0992060863265E85948DD6D5A023AD04	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sinclair, Bradley J.;Saigusa, Toyohei	Sinclair, Bradley J., Saigusa, Toyohei (2026): Revision of the species of Acanthocnema Becker from Nepal, Myanmar and Yunnan, China, with notes on Acerocnema Becker (Diptera, Anthomyiidae, Scathophaginae). Evolutionary Systematics 10 (1): 125-135, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.195813
E57EB4C98FFD5CF9B9FE49843924F3C8.text	E57EB4C98FFD5CF9B9FE49843924F3C8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthocnema pictipennis Sinclair & Saigusa 2026	<div><p>Acanthocnema pictipennis sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This species is distinguished by the five apical wing spots (Figs 8, 11), male palpus pale brown, orbital setae weakly lateroclinate, fore tibia with row of short, strong, black anteroventral setae proximal to ventral preapical spur (Fig. 9), male mid tibia expanded apically (Fig. 10) and male sternite 5 with medial keel and short, paired apical lobes (Figs 12, 15, 16). No described species of this genus are known with such distinctly patterned wings.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype • ♂ labelled: “ [YUNNAN: Zhongdian] / Tuomunan [27°20'N 99°59'E] (2900 m) / 34 km N of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.98333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.333334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.98333/lat 27.333334)">Qiaotou</a> / 11. Jun. 1996 / T. SAIGUSA col. ”; “ HOLOTYPE / Acanthocnema / pictipennis / Sinclair &amp; Saigusa [red label] ” (KUMF) . Paratypes: China: Yunnan: • Same data as holotype (8 ♂, 3 ♀, CNC, KUMF); • same data except, 3030–3500 m, 42 km N <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.98333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.333334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.98333/lat 27.333334)">Qiaotou</a> (1 ♂, KUMF) ; • Zhongdian, Jingxing [27°16'15"N, 100°00'55"E], 2170 m, 14 km N <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.015274&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.270834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.015274/lat 27.270834)">Qiaotou</a>, 9. vi. 1996, T. Saigusa (1 ♀, KUMF) ; Deqen Pr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.015274&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.270834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.015274/lat 27.270834)">Hutiaoxia</a> 2800–2900 m, 24–26. viii. 1996. H. Shima (1 ♀, KUMF) .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body blackish in ground colour, densely bluish grey pruinescent laterally (Fig. 8), including postpronotal lobe and scutellum, dark brown dorsally with pale median vitta. Wing length: 6.8–7.2 mm. Male. Head. Frontal vitta brown, reddish brown apically, matt; fronto-orbital plate black, grey pruinescent, with numerous black setulae. Chaetotaxy: 3 short lateroclinate orbitals; 2 slightly inclinate frontals; 1 pair of ocellars, 1 inner vertical, twice as long as outer, 1 outer vertical; postocellar setae absent; row of pale to dark postocular setae; 1 vibrissa, 1 strong subvibrissa. Gena silvery pruinescent, broad, depth below eye subequal to length of postpedicel; postgenal setae white, soft, subequal in length to depth of postgena. Face, parafacial and occiput silvery pruinescent. Palpus pale brown with long, white lateral setae. Proboscis with broad, shiny prementum, without setae. Antenna black; postpedicel rounded apically, twice as long as broad. Arista pubescent, bare on apical third.</p><p>Thorax. Dark brown dorsally with lateral grey pruinescence extending from postpronotal lobe to scutellum; distinct whitish vitta along acrostichal series expanded on prescutellar depression; pleura and mediotergite with grey pruinescence. Acrostichals biserial, short, slender anteriorly, spreading to 4 - serial on prescutellar depression; 3 + 4 dorsocentrals; 0 + 2 weak intra-alars; 1 + 1 supra-alars; 2 postpronotals; 2 notopleurals, 2 postalars; scutellum with pair of strong apical setae and pair of strong basal setae; lateral margins and dorsal surface of scutellum apically with black setae and setulae. Pale proepisternal seta present. Proepimeral seta absent. Anepisternum with dark setae on posterior half and 1–2 long setae and several long thinner setae near posterior margin. Katepisternum with 1 strong, pale seta in posterodorsal corner and numerous long yellow setulae.</p><p>Legs (Figs 9, 10). Black, densely greyish pruinescence. Fore femur with brush of short, golden, thickened basal setae; ventral face with short, golden setae; row of long posterodorsal setae. Fore tibia with ventral apical spur, longer than width of tibia, 1 posteroventral seta proximal to mid-length, 1 (rarely 2) posteroventral seta beyond mid-length, 1 preapical posteroventral seta, slender, as long as basal width of fore femur and row of short, strong, black anteroventral setae proximal to spur (Fig. 9). Mid femur with 1–2 anterodorsal, 1–2 posterodorsal and 1–2 posterior preapical setae. Mid tibia slightly expanded apically with dense, erect ventral setae (Fig. 10); 1 preapical dorsal seta. Hind femur with row of anterodorsal setae; 1 preapical posterodorsal seta. Hind tibia with 3 anterodorsal setae and 1 posterodorsal seta; 1 dorsal seta and 1 anterodorsal preapical seta.</p><p>Wing (Fig. 11). Infuscate, with large, oval brown spots at apices of R 2 + 3, R 4 + 5 and M 1 and two spots at apical corners of cell dm; sometimes clouding near crossvein r-m; veins brown; crossvein dm-m distinctly arched; M 1 strongly arched; M 4 strong beyond cell dm, with length one-eighth length of crossvein dm-m; CuA + CuP strong on basal half, weakened to wing margin. Calypteres orange brown, with long pale setae; halter orange brown.</p><p>Abdomen. Completely clothed in blue pruinescence; with long, pale lateral setae. Sternite 4 longer than wide. Sternite 5 with medial keel, projecting ventrally with rounded margin; posterior margin with dense row of short, thickened setae; posterolateral corners prolonged, with a few strong marginal setae (Figs 12, 15, 16). Terminalia (Figs 13, 14, 17): Epandrium rounded, broad. Cercus short, apical margin tapered in lateral view; cerci closely approximated medially, not projecting. Surstylus digitiform, tapered, slightly arched in lateral view; apex rounded. Phallapodeme elongate, flattened dorsoventrally. Pregonite strongly recurved with several short setae at mid-length; apex tapered to point with several short subapical setae. Postgonite gently arched with rounded apex. Ejaculatory apodeme fan-shaped. Distiphallus with inner, sinuous acrophallus, flanked by pair of sickle-shaped paraphallus.</p><p>Female. Similar to male except, palpus brownish; base of fore femur without brush of golden setae; apex of mid tibia not expanded; wing spots smaller, less pronounced; terminalia enclosed in rounded capsule with dorsally directed proctiger and apex lobes of sternite 8 (Fig. 18).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet is derived from the Latin “ pictus ” (paint) and “ penna ” (wing), in reference to the spotted wings.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This species is known from Yunnan, China (Fig. 19).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E57EB4C98FFD5CF9B9FE49843924F3C8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sinclair, Bradley J.;Saigusa, Toyohei	Sinclair, Bradley J., Saigusa, Toyohei (2026): Revision of the species of Acanthocnema Becker from Nepal, Myanmar and Yunnan, China, with notes on Acerocnema Becker (Diptera, Anthomyiidae, Scathophaginae). Evolutionary Systematics 10 (1): 125-135, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.195813
1FB0E6C6AF0B5719A0748DDF0BBC81C5.text	1FB0E6C6AF0B5719A0748DDF0BBC81C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acerocnema Becker 1894	<div><p>Genus Acerocnema Becker, 1894</p><p>Acerocnema Becker, 1894: 154 . Type species: Cordylura breviseta Zetterstedt, 1846 (original designation).</p><p>Pachystyla Lioy, 1864: 1005 (preocc. Moerch, 1852). Type species: Cordylura macrocera Meigen, 1826 (original designation) ..</p><p>Lubomyia Šifner, 2010: 615 . Type species: Lubomyia orientalis Šifner, 2010 . New synonym.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>See Chagnon and Sinclair (2021) for complete diagnosis. Small-bodied, weakly setose flies with body colour either yellow or black and shiny; arista not longer than length of postpedicel; vein R 1 usually bare, if setulae present confined to distal portion; female abdomen with segments beyond 6 compressed; female terminal strongly sclerotized and compressed, with spine-like projections.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>There are currently four species of Acerocnema recorded from Japan, nine species from Russia and two from South Korea (Chagnon and Sinclair 2021; Han and Shin 2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1FB0E6C6AF0B5719A0748DDF0BBC81C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sinclair, Bradley J.;Saigusa, Toyohei	Sinclair, Bradley J., Saigusa, Toyohei (2026): Revision of the species of Acanthocnema Becker from Nepal, Myanmar and Yunnan, China, with notes on Acerocnema Becker (Diptera, Anthomyiidae, Scathophaginae). Evolutionary Systematics 10 (1): 125-135, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.195813
5793E43EAB785EFEA4860D82B1D1AB14.text	5793E43EAB785EFEA4860D82B1D1AB14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acerocnema orientalis (Sifner 2010) Sinclair & Saigusa 2026	<div><p>Acerocnema orientalis (Šifner, 2010) comb. nov.</p><p>Figs 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27</p><p>Acerocnema unnamed sp.: Vockeroth 1977: 436 (Oriental catalogue).</p><p>Lubomyia orientalis Šifner, 2010: 615 . Type locality: Kombaiti, Myanmar.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This species is distinguished from other species of Acerocnema by the row of setulae on the apical half of the R 1 dorsally, head setae dark yellowish, scutum without shiny spots posterior to transverse suture and surstylus strongly expanded apically.</p><p>Acerocnema orientalis is rather similar to A. lobanovi Ozerov, 2006, described from East Siberia (Russia), with setae on R 1 and yellow postpronotal lobe, proepisternum and proepimeron, but differs by the dark head and dark scutal setae, absence of pair of shiny spots on scutum and distinctly expanded surstylus. The only other species in the region with setae on R 1 is A. nitens Ozerov &amp; Krivosheina, 2018, described from Primorskiy Territory (Russia); however, the scutum is shiny black in this species.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype • ♂, labelled: “ N. E. BURMA / Kombaiti 7000 ft / 9. v. 1934 / R. Malaise ”; “ Acerocnema / sp. ”; “ HOLOTYPUS / des. F. ŠIFNER / 2008 [red label] ”; “ Lubomyia orien- / talis Šifner m # / det. F. Šifner, 2009 ”; “ CNC / 1589632 ” [dissected] (CNC) .</p><p>Additional material examined.</p><p>Myanmar: • same data as holotype, except 17. v. 1934 (1 ♀, CNC); • same data as holotype except, 11. v. 1934 (1 ♂, 1 ♀, NHRS); • same data as holotype, except, 30. iv. 1934 (1 ♀, NHRS); • same data as holotype except, 2000 m, 12–17. vi. 1934 (1 ♀, NHRS) .</p><p>Redescription.</p><p>Body mostly dark, with yellow postpronotal lobe, proepisternum, proepimeron and legs (Fig. 20). Setae on head brown. Wing length: 3.3–3.8 mm.</p><p>Male. Head (Fig. 21) with face and gena yellow; genal width 1 / 4 eye height; postgena yellow; occiput dark brown; ocellar triangle brown, vertex yellow. Frontal vitta, fronto-orbital plate and parafacial yellow. Fronto-orbital plate with 4 inclinate frontal setae, 2 proclinate and 1 reclinate orbital setae, 1 pair of long lateroclinate ocellar setae, 1 pair of divergent postocellar setae, one quarter-length of ocellar setae, 1 long inclinate inner vertical seta, 1 lateroclinate outer vertical seta, half-length of inner vertical seta. Vibrissa strong, without subvibrissal setae, with row of pale subgenal setae. Antenna with postpedicel dark with yellowish inner margin at base, about four times as long as pedicel; scape and pedicel black; apical half of arista black, pubescent, basal half yellow; arista length subequal to length of pedicel. Palpus yellowish white with pale marginal setae.</p><p>Thorax with scutal setae dark, darker than head setae; scutum with thinly greyish pruinescence, without shiny spots; acrostichal setae 4 - serial, at least posteriorly; 2 presutural and 3 postsutural dorsocentral setae; 1 postpronotal seta; 1 + 1 intra-alar setae; 1 + 1 supra-alar setae; 2 notopleural setae; 1 postalar seta; 2 pairs of scutellar setae. Pleura with 1 yellow proepisternal seta; 0 proepimeral seta; 3 posterior anepisternal setae and several long anepisternal setulae, all yellow; 1 yellow posterodorsal katepisternal seta; katepisternum with pale setulae posteriorly and ventrally.</p><p>Wings (Fig. 20) clear, R 1 with row of setulae on apical half dorsally; CuA + CuP ending halfway to wing margin. Halter white or yellow.</p><p>Legs (Fig. 20) entirely yellow except extreme apex of hind femur. Setae on legs yellow. Fore femur with posteroventral row of slender setae, length less than half width of femur; 2 preapical posterodorsal setae. Fore tibia with 1 preapical dorsal seta. Mid femur with posteroventral row of setae; 1 preapical dorsal seta and 1 preapical posterior seta. Mid tibia with 1 posterodorsal seta and 1 anterodorsal seta on apical quarter; apex with circlet of preapical setae. Hind femur with 1 anterodorsal seta on apical third. Hind tibia with 1 preapical anterodorsal seta, 1 preapical posterior seta and 1 preapical anterior seta; 2 anterodorsal setae and 2 posterodorsal setae. Tarsi with dense ventral setae.</p><p>Abdomen dissected in both known males preventing description. Sternite 5 with rectangular lobes, with rounded apical margin; lobes divergent, V-shaped medially; inner face with short setae (Fig. 22). Terminalia (Figs 24–27) [dissected prior to colour determination]. Surstylus long and slender, strongly elbowed at base; apically expanded with rounded margin; scattered setae on inner and outer faces on apical half; apical margin sculptured. Cercus small, lobe-like, half-length of surstylus with subequally long apical setae. Pregonite long, slender, slightly arched, twice as long as postgonite; apex with pair of tubular extensions, ridges and setulae. Postgonite digitiform, slightly arched; row of 6 setae on outer face. Epiphallus partially sclerotized, arched to narrow apex; shorter than postgonite. Distiphallus with sclerotized, projecting lobe near mid-length.</p><p>Female. Similar to male, except abdomen shiny, darker than thorax. Sclerites well sclerotized, sclerites of segment 7 closely approximated laterally; tergite 7 triangular, strongly narrowed medially; tergite 8 strap-like, encircling proctiger (Fig. 23). Two short, tubular spermathecae present.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This species is only known from the type locality (see Acanthocnema malaisei sp. nov. for further details).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The four morphological characters, that Šifner (2010) listed as justification to erect a new genus for his new species, are all rather variable and he overlooked the significance of an elongate postpedicel and short arista, which are diagnostic for the genus Acerocnema . Setae on the apical section of R 1 are present in many genera, including species of Acerocnema (e. g., A. fasciventris (Malloch, 1920) and A. lobanovi Ozerov). In addition, the shape of the surstylus is rather similar to species included in Acerocnema . Based on these features, the genus Lubomyia Šifner, 2010 is proposed as a new synonym of Acerocnema Becker, 1894 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5793E43EAB785EFEA4860D82B1D1AB14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sinclair, Bradley J.;Saigusa, Toyohei	Sinclair, Bradley J., Saigusa, Toyohei (2026): Revision of the species of Acanthocnema Becker from Nepal, Myanmar and Yunnan, China, with notes on Acerocnema Becker (Diptera, Anthomyiidae, Scathophaginae). Evolutionary Systematics 10 (1): 125-135, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.10.195813
