identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
706B87BFFF82FFF707AFFCD4FB0638F4.text	706B87BFFF82FFF707AFFCD4FB0638F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Semijulistus spectabilis (Lewis 1895)	<div><p>Semijulistus spectabilis (Lewis, 1895)</p><p>(Figs 1–3, 5–7)</p><p>Material examined. 1 larva (instar 4), bred specimen, fixed on 13 May 2021 (parents collected on 4 June 2020 at Jina, Kawane-honchô town, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, M. Asano leg.).</p><p>Description of larva. Coloration. Head capsule brown except for dark brown posterior part of epicranial plates. Body translucent cream white, without pigmented parts. Legs translucent. Claw light brown (Fig. 5).</p><p>Structure. Head capsule square, small, with sparse short setae; frons large, with 5 pairs of short setae and 5 pairs of pores; epicranial plate with 7 pairs of long setae and approximately 10 pairs of pores (Fig. 2). Labrum about 2.1 times as broad as long, with 15 setae and 10 pores (Fig. 2). Two stemmata arranged diagonally to longitudinal axis of head capsule (Figs 2, 7). Antennae 3-segmented; 2nd segment with conical sensorium and 5 short setae; 3rd segment with 1 long and 1 short seta (Fig. 2). Mandible with sharp apical tooth, outer margin of face with 2 long setae (Fig. 2). Maxillary palpi 3-segmented, 3rd palpomere longer than preceding, with sensilla (Fig. 3). Labial palpi 2-segmented; 2nd palpomere with pore and sensilla (Fig. 3). Prementum with pair of setae (Fig. 3). Postmentum with 3 pairs of setae and 4 pairs of pores. Maxillary stipes with 13 pairs of setae (Fig. 3). Cardo invaginated behind stipes, only basal border seen ventrally (Fig. 3). Pronotum subtrapezoidal, about 1.1 times wider than long, with 7 or 8 long setae, 3 pairs of short setae and 3 pairs of pores (Fig. 1). Mesonotum subrectangular, about 1.6 times wider than long, with 7 pairs of long setae and 3 pairs of short setae. Metathorax subrectangular about 1.5 times wider than long, with 7 pairs of long setae and 2 pairs of short setae. Abdomen with 9 segments, slender, cuticles thin (Figs 1, 5). Tergites I–VIII subrectangular, each with 10–12 pairs of setae (Fig. 1). Tergite IX semicircular, with 9 pairs of setae and 1 pair of small pores (Fig 1). Anal lobes prominent (Fig. 6). Legs short (Fig. 1). Claw slender, with single short seta (Fig. 1). Measurements (in mm; n = 1). BL: 4.15; HL: 0.42; HW: 0.34; PL: 0.36; PW: 0.61; TL: 0.17.</p><p>Larval development and bionomics. Eggs hatched nine days after oviposition (15 July 2020). The first molt occurred 13 days after hatching (28 July 2020). Thereafter, the growth of larvae that fed only on dead chironomid larvae was thoroughly observed in detail; they underwent three larval molts before prepupation. The second molt occurred 76 days after the 1st molt (20 September 2020). Between the first and the third instars, thoracic segments of larva exhibited purple tints (Fig. 9). The third molt occurred 233 days after the second molt (11 May 2021), and the larval body became whitish and the pronotum slightly sclerotized (Fig. 5). The larva became prepupa on 11 May 2021. The fourth instar larvae consumed large quantities of chironomid larvae and became noticeably plump in a short period. They excreted several large, spherical faecal pellets (Fig. 8). The period from oviposition to prepupation was 309 days. Thus, it is plausible that S. spectabilis possesses a univoltine life cycle that lacks dormancy. The four larval molts until prepupation represents lower number of molting than it was observed in other members of the melyrid lineage.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/706B87BFFF82FFF707AFFCD4FB0638F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Asano, Makoto	Asano, Makoto (2026): Larval structures and bionomics of Semijulistus spectabilis (Coleoptera: Rhadalidae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 66 (1): 69-73, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2026.006, URL: https://doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2026.006
