identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
734F8211FFA8FF93FF41FACBFB39BC45.text	734F8211FFA8FF93FF41FACBFB39BC45.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bolax Fischer von Waldheim 1829	<div><p>Bolax species from Central America</p><p>Four species of Bolax are recorded in Central America, including the new species described herein. The country with the higher number of species is Panama, having three species, one shared with Colombia ( B. variolosa), one with Costa Rica ( B. magna), and another apparently precinctive ( Bolax azurita, new species). The number of species decreases northwards, therefore, in Costa Rica two species have been recorded, one shared with Panama and another with Nicaragua, which is the only species recorded for this latter country ( B. flaveola).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/734F8211FFA8FF93FF41FACBFB39BC45	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barria, Manuel D.;Clavijo-Bustos, Julián;Seidel, Matthias	Barria, Manuel D., Clavijo-Bustos, Julián, Seidel, Matthias (2026): A synopsis and new species of Bolax Fischer von Waldheim, 1829 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Geniatini) from Central America. Zootaxa 5752 (2): 276-284, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5752.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5752.2.6
734F8211FFA8FF93FF41FCACFE55BF09.text	734F8211FFA8FF93FF41FCACFE55BF09.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bolax Fischer von Waldheim 1829	<div><p>Bolax Fischer von Waldheim, 1829</p><p>Bolax Fischer von Waldheim, 1829: 45 . (type species Bolax zoubkovii Fischer von Waldheim, 1829: 45, by subsequent designation by Machatschke 1965: 20).</p><p>Synonym. Loxopyga Westwood, 1833: [4] (type species Loxopyga bicolor Westwood, 1833: Notice 72, designated by Machatschke, 1965: 19).</p><p>Diagnosis. Based on Jameson &amp; Hawkins (2005): Body shape generally elongate and cylindrical, small to medium size (7–20 mm; females usually longer than males); most species ventrally clothed with white setae, some with scale-like white setae in pronotum or small setae in the elytra. Coloration usually tan or red tan, in some cases contrasting between head, pronotum, and elytra (black and tan or red and tan); some species with metallic maculae, reflections or vitae. Eyes small and widely separated (interocular distance more than six times the dorsal width of the eye); vertex strongly convex; mentum strongly bulging; base of pronotum constricted; protarsomeres 2–5 dorsoventrally flattened and setose ventrally (strongly flattened and wider in males); surface of pygidium usually with decumbent white setae.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/734F8211FFA8FF93FF41FCACFE55BF09	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barria, Manuel D.;Clavijo-Bustos, Julián;Seidel, Matthias	Barria, Manuel D., Clavijo-Bustos, Julián, Seidel, Matthias (2026): A synopsis and new species of Bolax Fischer von Waldheim, 1829 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Geniatini) from Central America. Zootaxa 5752 (2): 276-284, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5752.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5752.2.6
734F8211FFA8FF97FF41F90FFEA8BE77.text	734F8211FFA8FF97FF41F90FFEA8BE77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bolax azurita Barria, Clavijo-Bustos, & Seidel 2026	<div><p>Bolax azurita Barria, Clavijo-Bustos, &amp; Seidel, new species</p><p>Figures 1–2</p><p>Type material. Holotype. Male deposited in MIUP: “ PANAMÁ: Veraguas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.14889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.529722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.14889/lat 8.529722)">Sendero Cabeza de Toro</a>, [8°31'47.0"N, 81°8'56.0"W], 830 m, 18–20/VI/2022, Barria M., Gomez C., Barria M. H., &amp; Bayfield-Farrell W. coll., Hg metal halide &amp; UV light trap ” // “HOLOTIPO Bolax azurita ♂ Barria, Clavijo-Bustos, &amp; Seidel 2025 ” . Paratypes. 1 ♀: “ PANAMA, Veraguas prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.1909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.7814" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.1909/lat 8.7814)">Santa Fé—Cerro Mariposa</a>, 800–1170m, 08°30.735'N, 81°07.218'W, 30.v.2015, individual collecting, L.Sekerka &amp; K. Štajerová lgt.” (NMPC); 1 ♀: “ Panama Chiriqui <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.1909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.7814" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.1909/lat 8.7814)">Aman St</a> 10– 14.6.2013 V. Beneš lgt” (MSPC); 2 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀: “ PANAMA: Bocas del Toro <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.1909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.7814" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.1909/lat 8.7814)">Pr. Continental Divide mt. Range</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.1909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.7814" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.1909/lat 8.7814)">Fortuna cabins</a>, 16–20.V.2017 8.7812°N, 82.1907°W, R. Selking, on Inga sp. ” (1 ♂, 1 ♀: MSPC; 1 ♂, 1 ♀: NHMW; 1 ♀: MIUP; 3 ♀ RSPC); 1 ♂, 5 ♀♀: “ PANAMA: Bocas del Toro <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.1909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.7814" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.1909/lat 8.7814)">Pr. Continental Divide Mt. Range</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.1909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.7814" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.1909/lat 8.7814)">Fortuna Cabins</a>, 16–2.V.2017 8.7813°N, 82.1907°W, R. Selking, on Inga sp. ” (EGRC); 1 ♂, 1 ♀: “ PANAMA: Bocas del Toro <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.1909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.7814" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.1909/lat 8.7814)">Palo Seco Protected Forest</a> (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.1909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.7814" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.1909/lat 8.7814)">ridge road site 1</a>) 08.7813°N, 82.2118°W V-28-2022, E. G. Riley ” (EGRC); 4 ♂♂: “ PANAMA: Bocas del Toro <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.1909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.7814" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.1909/lat 8.7814)">Palo Seco Protected Forest</a> (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.1909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.7814" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.1909/lat 8.7814)">site 2, trail off ridge</a>) 08.7847°N, 82.2142°W V-24–28-2022, E. G. Riley ” (EGRC); 1 ♀: “ PANAMA: Bocas del Toro <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.1909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.7814" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.1909/lat 8.7814)">Fortuna Cabins</a> 8.7814°N, 82.1909°W V-23–30-2022, E. G. Riley // on Inga sp. ” (EGRC). All paratypes are labelled with “ PARATIPO Bolax azurita [♂ or ♀] Barria, Clavijo-Bustos &amp; Seidel 2025”.</p><p>Diagnosis. Dorsal shiny, tricolored, head black, pronotum reddish brown, elytra dark metallic blue; ventrally reddish brown, legs bicolored, femora reddish brown but black at the apex, tibiae and tarsi also black. Dorsal elytral surface rugose, covered with deep coarse, rounded punctures; punctures on head and pronotum shallower and smaller; each puncture bearing a long pale rufous seta. Clypeus with punctures separated by 2–4 times one puncture diameter; frons with punctures separated by 2–4 times one puncture diameter. Pronotum with punctures separated by 2–4 times one puncture diameter. Elytra with punctures separated by 2–3 times one puncture diameter. Protibia with three teeth located in the apical half of the external edge; mesotibia and metatibia bulging in the basal half. Ventral surface setose, with long setae especially on abdomen and the posterior surface of mesofemur and metafemur. Males with protarsomere 1 cylindrical and shorter than protarsomere 2, protarsomere 2 subrectangular and longer than wide, protarsomere 3 around half the length of protarsomere 2; pygidium covered with few and very sparse small, rounded punctures; punctures closer to each other near lateral apical portions of the disc and bearing longer setae than punctures of the central and basal portions of the disc. Parameres short and subtriangular, apex truncate.</p><p>Description. Males (Fig. 1A–D). Total length: 13.0– 14.5 mm (holotype: 14.5 mm); Maximum width of pronotum: 5.0– 6.8 mm (holotype: 5.11 mm); Elytral humeral width: 5.3–5.5 mm (holotype: 5.5 mm). Color: Dorsum shiny, head black, pronotum and scutellar shield reddish brown, elytra dark metallic blue; ventrally reddish brown; legs bicolored, femora reddish brown but black at the very apex, and tibiae and tarsi also black. Dorsal and ventral surfaces setose. Head: Clypeus subrounded, anterior border upturned, covered by irregularly distributed small, rounded punctures separated by 2–4 times one puncture diameter, each bearing a pale rufous seta as long as three times the diameter of each puncture. Frontoclypeal suture slightly sinuous in the middle, laterally tumescent making the lateral apical portions of frons impunctate near base of ocular canthus. Frons covered by irregularly distributed small, rounded punctures separated by 2–4 times one puncture diameter, punctures closer near the eyes and the central area of frons, each bearing a pale rufous seta slightly longer than those of clypeus; interocular distance about 6.5 times the dorsal width of the eye. Ocular canthus short and slender. Antenna with 10 antennomeres, antennomeres 8–10 (antennal club) as long as the combined length of antennomeres 2–7. Vertex covered by irregularly distributed small, rounded punctures separated by 1–3 times one puncture diameter, each bearing a pale rufous seta as long as those of clypeus. Mouthparts densely covered by setigerous punctures, each bearing a thick, long, white seta, except for the submentum and the anterior part of the labium. Pronotum: Transverse, slightly wider near the middle; anterior angles acute, posterior angles obtuse and slightly flattened. Surface similar to frons, with irregularly distributed small, rounded punctures separated by 2–4 times one puncture diameter, punctures closer near anterior angles, each bearing a pale rufous seta. Anterior, posterior, and lateral margins with a very thin bead; anterior and posterior beads narrowly interrupted medially. Scutellar shield: Longer than wide; surface punctured as pronotum but setae slightly shorter. Elytra: Wider posteriorly; surface rugose, covered with deep coarse, rounded punctures separated by 2–3 times one puncture diameter, each bearing a pale rufous seta; elytral humeral and apical calluses poorly tumescent, round and slightly less and shallower punctate than elsewhere. Hypomeron: Surface covered with irregularly distributed small, rounded punctures separated by 2–4 times one puncture diameter, each bearing a white seta. Prosternum: Surface densely covered by setigerous punctures, each bearing a thick white seta. Mesoventrite: Surface densely covered by setigerous punctures, each bearing a very short white seta. Metepisternum: Surface covered by irregularly distributed small, rounded punctures, each bearing a short white seta. Metaventrite: Surface covered by irregularly and sparsely distributed small, rounded punctures separated by 2–5 times one puncture diameter, each bearing a thick white seta, punctures closer and setae longer around the smooth central area of the disc. Legs: Profemur ventrally smooth, but the anterior border densely covered by thick white setae. Protibia with three teeth located in the apical half of the external edge; apex with a short and slightly downward curved spur nearly subequal in length to the protarsomere 1; dorsal and ventral surfaces with few and sparse pale rufous setae. Protarsi dorsally covered by very scattered pale rufous setae and ventrally densely covered by white setae; protarsomere 1 cylindrical and shorter than protarsomere 2, protarsomeres 2–5 dorsoventrally flattened, protarsomere 2 subrectangular, longer than wide and shorter than the combined length of the protarsomeres 3–4, protarsomere 3 around half the length of protarsomere 2 and longer than protarsomere 4, protarsomere 5 longer than protarsomere 4; protarsal claws shorter than protarsomere 5, anterior claw bifid and longer than posterior claw, which is simple. Mesofemur and metafemur longer and slender than profemur, ventrally covered by scattered and sparse white setae and the posterior border densely covered by thick, long white setae (especially the mesofemur). Mesotibia shorter than metatibia, both bulging in the basal half; in both mesotibia and metatibia, ventral spur one-third shorter than dorsal spur. Mesotarsi and metatarsi cylindrical, ventrally densely covered by white setae; mesotarsomere 1 subequal to the combined length of the mesotarsomeres 2–3, mesotarsomere 2 shorter than mesotarsomere 1 and longer than mesotarsomere 3, mesotarsomere 3 longer than mesotarsomere 4, mesotarsomere 5 longer than the combined length of mesotarsomeres 2–4; anterior mesotarsal claw simple and slightly longer than posterior mesotarsal claw, which is bifid; metatarsomere 1 longer than the combined length of metatarsomeres 2–4, metatarsomere 2 longer than metatarsomere 3, metatarsomere 3 longer than metatarsomere 4, metatarsomere 5 subequal to the combined length of metatarsomeres 2–4; anterior metatarsal claw simple and slightly longer than posterior metatarsal claw, which is bifid. Abdomen: Surface of all ventrites covered by irregularly distributed small, rounded punctures separated by 2–4 times one puncture diameter, each bearing a pale rufous seta; punctures closer and setae slightly longer over the posterior half of each ventrite. Pygidium convex, rounded in lateral view; surface covered with few and very sparse small, rounded punctures, punctures closer near lateral apical portions of the disc and bearing longer setae than punctures of the central and basal portions of the disc; apical border with scattered setae. Genitalia: Parameres subtriangular, with the apex truncate, and many erect setae ventrally; extremely shorter than the phallobase (one-fifth).</p><p>Females (Fig. 2). Total length: 15.0–17.0 mm; Maximum width of pronotum: 5.0– 5.8 mm; Elytral humeral width: 6.0– 6.3 mm. Females are morphologically similar to males, except for one specimen exhibiting elytra with a more purple shine. A destroyed female was found on the road in the Reserva Forestal La Fortuna at the Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé area by W. Bayfield-Farrell (United Kingdom) during a field trip in June 2024.</p><p>Distribution. The male holotype was collected in a trail on the Mountain Cerro Cabeza del Toro of the Parque Nacional Santa Fe (830 m), Veraguas Province, in Panama (Fig. 1D, red star). Paratypes were found in Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé and Veraguas Province (Fig. 1D, yellow circles). Also, a destroyed female was found in the Reserva Forestal La Fortuna at the Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé area (8°47'05.8"N, 82°11'14.1"W, approximately 800 m) (Fig. 1D, white square). This pattern of distribution suggests that the species inhabit lower montane forest of the Atlantic slope of the Talamanca Range (also known as The Cordillera Central in Panama) (Fig. 1D).</p><p>Natural history. The holotype was collected in a tropical lower montane moist forest characterized by the presence of large trees ( Quercus L., Fagaceae) and other plants like ferns and lianas. Specimens from Bocas del Toro Province were collected on Inga Mill. ( Fabaceae). Specimens have been collected between mid-May to mid-June, suggesting a short seasonal appearance of the species.</p><p>Etymology. The specific Spanish name “ azurita ” is given because of the bright metallic blue coloration of the elytra, the reddish-brown color of the pronotum and the black color of the head, which resemble the appearance of the mineral of the same name “azurita ” in Spanish, in English azurite. The epithet is a noun in apposition.</p><p>Taxonomic remarks. Despite its singular appearance among the members of the genus, B. azurita shares some diagnostic characters with Bolax castaneicollis Burmeister, 1844, Bolax gonzalofideli Soula, 2011, Bolax meyeri Soula, 2011, Bolax robackeri Soula, 2011, and B. variolosa: dorsal surface shiny; mesotibia and metatibia bulging in the basal half; coarse punctation giving a subrugose to rugose aspect to the pronotum and especially to the elytra. Although it also shares the metallic appearance with B. gonzalofideli and B. robackeri (both with metallic reflexions), B. azurita has a more rugose dorsal appearance and the shape of parameres relate it with the other species mentioned.</p><p>Bolax azurita also shares the rugose aspect with B. castaneicollis, B. meyeri, and B. variolosa, as well as the contrasting color of pronotum and elytra (except with B. meyeri). However, the shape of parameres is apparently intermediate between the B. castaneicollis / B. meyeri -shape (subtriangular parameres with acute apex) and the B. variolosa -shape (long narrowly rectangular parameres with truncate apex, Fig. 3L), having subtriangular parameres with the apex truncate (Fig. 1D). Also, the singular dorsal appearance of B. azurita distinguishes it from these species: dorsal body tricolored with head, pronotum, and elytra differently coloured; the dark blue metallic color of elytra; each dorsal puncture bearing a slender pale rufous seta; and the ventral surface also setose.</p><p>The remaining Central American species, B. flaveola and B. magna, share with B. azurita the shape of the mesotibia and metatibia, but are easily separated by the characters mentioned previously and in the diagnosis of each species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/734F8211FFA8FF97FF41F90FFEA8BE77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barria, Manuel D.;Clavijo-Bustos, Julián;Seidel, Matthias	Barria, Manuel D., Clavijo-Bustos, Julián, Seidel, Matthias (2026): A synopsis and new species of Bolax Fischer von Waldheim, 1829 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Geniatini) from Central America. Zootaxa 5752 (2): 276-284, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5752.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5752.2.6
734F8211FFACFF97FF41FB19FDD9BD80.text	734F8211FFACFF97FF41FB19FDD9BD80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bolax flaveola Bates 1888	<div><p>Bolax flaveola Bates, 1888</p><p>Figure 3A–D</p><p>Bolax flaveolus Bates, 1888: 295 (original spelling by Bates)</p><p>Bolax flaveola Bates (justified emendation by Blackwelder 1944: 247)</p><p>Diagnosis. Total length: 14–16 mm; Elytral humeral width: 7.0– 7.5 mm. Dorsal shiny, castaneous-yellow, anterior border of pronotum and clypeus usually black; ventrally tricolored, metaventrite yellowish brown, abdomen reddish brown, and legs reddish dark brown. Dorsal surface of elytra subrugose with slightly coarse, rounded punctures, elsewhere punctures smaller and shallower. Clypeus with punctures very scattered and separated by 2–5 times one puncture diameter; frons with scattered punctures, separated by 2–4 times one puncture diameter. Pronotum with small, irregularly distributed punctures, separated by 1–3 times one puncture diameter. Elytra slightly wider posteriorly, punctures separated by 2–3 times one puncture diameter; in some cases, a couple of elytral longitudinal striae are shallowly impressed. Protibia with three teeth located in the apical third of the external edge; mesotibia and metatibia bulging in the basal half. Ventral surface sparsely setose, but very scarce and slender setae in metaventrite. Males with protarsomere 1 cylindrical and subequal in length to protarsomere 2, protarsomere 2 subtriangular and longer than wide, protarsomere 3 around three-quarters the length of protarsomere 2; pygidium covered with scattered and sparse small, rounded punctures, laterally strigulate; parameres long rectangular, with external and internal edges slightly sinuous, apex rounded.</p><p>Distribution. Bolax flaveola is the northernmost distributed species of the genus, recorded from central and southern Nicaragua (Chontales Department) and Costa Rica (probably across the north) (Bates 1888; Frey 1976; Jameson &amp; Hawkins 2005; Soula 2011).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/734F8211FFACFF97FF41FB19FDD9BD80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barria, Manuel D.;Clavijo-Bustos, Julián;Seidel, Matthias	Barria, Manuel D., Clavijo-Bustos, Julián, Seidel, Matthias (2026): A synopsis and new species of Bolax Fischer von Waldheim, 1829 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Geniatini) from Central America. Zootaxa 5752 (2): 276-284, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5752.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5752.2.6
734F8211FFAEFF95FF41FF24FBC2B9B5.text	734F8211FFAEFF95FF41FF24FBC2B9B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bolax magna Bates 1888	<div><p>Bolax magna Bates, 1888</p><p>Figure 3E–H</p><p>Bolax magnus Bates, 1888: 295 (original spelling by Bates)</p><p>Bolax magna Bates (justified emendation by Blackwelder 1944: 248)</p><p>Diagnosis. Total length: 17–19 mm; Elytral humeral width: 7.5–8.5 mm. Dorsal shiny, bicolored, head and pronotum black, elytra yellowish castaneous; ventrally bicolored, abdomen dark yellowish castaneous, and legs and elsewhere black. Dorsal surface of elytra subrugose with slightly coarse, rounded punctures, otherwise punctures smaller and shallower. Clypeus with punctures very scattered and separated by 2–5 times one puncture diameter; frons with scattered punctures, separated by 2–4 times one puncture diameter. Pronotum with small, irregularly distributed punctures, separated by 1–3 times one puncture diameter. Elytra with punctures separated by 2–3 times one puncture diameter; in some cases, a couple of elytral longitudinal striae are shallowly impressed. Protibia with three teeth located in the apical third of the external edge; mesotibia and metatibia bulging in the basal half. Ventral surface sparsely setose, but very scarce and slender setae in metaventrite and abdominal ventrites. Males with protarsomere 1 cylindrical and subequal in length to protarsomere 2, protarsomere 2 subtriangular and longer than wide, protarsomere 3 around three-quarters the length of protarsomere 2; pygidium covered with scattered and sparse small, rounded punctures, laterally strigulate; parameres long rectangular, apex subrounded.</p><p>Distribution. Bolax magna is widely distributed in central and northern Panama, mainly associated with medium elevations (from 240–305 m) of piedmonts of high mountains (Bates 1888; Frey 1976; Jameson &amp; Hawkins 2005; Soula 2011). The species also has been recorded from Costa Rica, being probably present in the piedmonts of the Talamanca Range (Bates 1888; Frey 1976; Jameson &amp; Hawkins 2005; Soula 2011).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/734F8211FFAEFF95FF41FF24FBC2B9B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barria, Manuel D.;Clavijo-Bustos, Julián;Seidel, Matthias	Barria, Manuel D., Clavijo-Bustos, Julián, Seidel, Matthias (2026): A synopsis and new species of Bolax Fischer von Waldheim, 1829 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Geniatini) from Central America. Zootaxa 5752 (2): 276-284, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5752.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5752.2.6
734F8211FFAEFF95FF41FC5FFBF2BD3A.text	734F8211FFAEFF95FF41FC5FFBF2BD3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bolax variolosa Ohaus 1917	<div><p>Bolax variolosa Ohaus, 1917</p><p>Figure 3I–L</p><p>Bolax variolosus Ohaus, 1917: 4 (original spelling by Ohaus)</p><p>Bolax variolosa Ohaus (justified emendation by Blackwelder, 1944: 248)</p><p>Diagnosis. Total length: 17–22 mm; Elytral humeral width: 7.5–10 mm. Dorsal shiny, bicolored, head and pronotum black, elytra reddish brown; ventrally bicolored, abdomen reddish dark brown, and legs and elsewhere black. Dorsal surface rugose, covered with deep coarse, rounded punctures; some few punctures of the pronotum bearing a thick, long, pale seta. Clypeus with punctures separated by 1.0–1.5 times one puncture diameter; frons with punctures separated by two times one puncture diameter. Pronotum with punctures separated by 2–3 times one puncture diameter. Elytra with punctures separated by 5–7 times one puncture diameter. Protibia with three teeth located in the apical third of the external edge; mesotibia and metatibia slightly bulging in the basal half. Ventral surface sparsely setose, but very scarce and slender setae in metaventrite and abdominal ventrites. Males with protarsomere 1 cylindrical and shorter than protarsomere 2, protarsomere 2 subrectangular and longer than wide, protarsomere 3 around half the length of protarsomere 2; pygidium densely covered with thick setae over the base and lateral borders, setae directed to the middle; parameres long narrowly rectangular, apex truncate.</p><p>Distribution. Bolax variolosa is mainly distributed in Colombia, over the Pacific coast (Valle del Cauca Department) and the Magdalena Valley (Caldas Department), and has been recorded from central Panama (Veraguas Province) (Ohaus 1917; Jameson &amp; Hawkins 2005; Soula 2011).</p><p>There is one record of B. variolosa from Ecuador (Macas, probably referring to the city in the Amazonian province of Santiago Morona) (Soula 2011), but we assume that it probably corresponds to a mislabeling specimen from the Pacific coast or a different closely related species from the Cis-Andean region.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/734F8211FFAEFF95FF41FC5FFBF2BD3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barria, Manuel D.;Clavijo-Bustos, Julián;Seidel, Matthias	Barria, Manuel D., Clavijo-Bustos, Julián, Seidel, Matthias (2026): A synopsis and new species of Bolax Fischer von Waldheim, 1829 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Geniatini) from Central America. Zootaxa 5752 (2): 276-284, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5752.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5752.2.6
