identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
C92046B57BD758FEB497FBE4B1C63AA1.text	C92046B57BD758FEB497FBE4B1C63AA1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Petrarca chengi Kolbasov & Chan 2026	<div><p>Petrarca chengi sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>• Five specimens (including holotype) in Deltocyathus magnificus Moseley, 1876, 20°33'40.8"N, 116°37'12.7"E, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.62019&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.561333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.62019/lat 20.561333)">Dongsha Island</a>, Taiwan, 30.07.2015, 528 m depth, station CP 4162, coll. Dr Cheng Yu-Rong. Glycerin slide of the holotype (no. Mg 1270) with the dissected mouth parts, antennules, and rest of the body proper with thoracopods and penis, and an undissected paratype (no. Mg. 1271) in 95 % alcohol, are deposited in the Zoological Museum of Moscow State University in Moscow, Russian Federation. One undissected paratype, preserved in 95 % alcohol, is deposited in the Biodiversity Research Museum, Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (ASIZCR- 000495). The stub with two specimens studied with SEM were kept for further investigation (in the collection of GAK).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Carapace roughly dome-shaped; valves without lumpy inflations and radial ridges; carapace margins not crenulated; ventral side of carapace with numerous small papillae; lateral surface with large, conical, volcano-like papillae. Antennular claw guard with simple aesthetasc. Mandible with 10 upper long, sharp, simple teeth and 4 lower bifid teeth; lower angle with tuft of 4 small, sharp denticles; maxillules with uneven, saw-like cutting margin; 6 pairs of thoracopods; first thoracopod setiform; penis with conspicuous posterior cylindrical rami with corona of short, wide setae.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species is named after Dr Yu-Rong Cheng, our colleague, who found specimens of this species.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Adult (mature) specimens 1.8–2.0 mm long, 1.5–1.8 mm high, and 1.5–1.9 mm wide (Figs 1, 4 A, B). Carapace (Figs 1, 4 A, B) roughly dome-shaped, slightly narrowing towards anterior end; valves without lumpy inflations, ridges, or other macrosculpture; margins of carapace rounded, not crenulated; ventral side of carapace with numerous small papillae; ventrolateral surface with large, conical, volcano-like papillae, 60–70 µm high (Fig. 4 A – E). Carapace papillae terminating at central microscopic pore (Fig. 4 E). Internal cuticle of carapace (mantle) with scattered micro-pores (Fig. 4 F). Body inflated, curved, enclosed between carapace valves; tip of penis close to oral cone and protruding outward (Figs 1 A, 1 C, 1 E, 2 A, 4 A, 4 B, 4 G). Cephalon with large adductor muscle lying above big oral cone flanked by 5 - segmented antennules. Thorax with sinusoid arched dorsal margin, without distinct segmentation, with cluster of rudimentary uniramous thoracopods (Figs 2 A, 4 G). Abdomen with conspicuous first segment bearing long penis; posterior part rudimentary, with distinct cleft, bilobed, about equal in length to first segment, without terminal spines and setae (Figs 2 A, 2 B, 4 G, 4 H).</p><p>Antennules somewhat W-shaped and prehensile, with little armament of external sculpture on 2 distal segments (Figs 3 A, 3 B, 5 D – H). First and second segments irregularly trapezoidal, narrowing toward upper / dorsal margin, with slightly curved ventral / postaxial margin; third segment trapezoidal, narrowing toward lower / ventral margin; fourth segment longer than wide, narrowing distally, with almost straight ventral and dorsal margins, thick, short subdistal seta inserted at anteriodorsal corner (Fig. 5 E). Fifth segment rectangular, slightly narrowing towards proximal end, shorter and narrower than fourth, and armed with sensory and grasping structures (Figs 3 A, 3 B, 5 E – H). Short, massive, curved movable claw with smooth, concave margin arising from distal end of segment. Three rudimentary setae at base of claw and to each side (Figs 3 B, 5 E, 5 F); lateral sides without pores. Claw sheathed by large, hood-shaped claw guard on posterodistal corner; claw guard with 3 vestigial, distal setae with terminal pore; developed subterminal aesthetasc half as long as claw guard, terminates with simple end without outgrowths (Figs 3 B, 5 G, 5 H).</p><p>Oral cone prominent, consisting of massive labrum posteriorly underlaid with massive, fused maxillae, unpaired medial languette, and paired mandibles and maxillules (Figs 2 A, 3 C – J, 4 G, 6 A, 6 B). Massive prow-shaped labrum with short posterolateral extensions, leaving maxillae largely exposed, dense ctenoid scales on the exterior (Figs 2 A, 4 G, 6 A, 6 B). Mandibles (Fig. 3 D, F) elongated, outer / upper margin with transverse rows of dense, thin setae in middle; cutting edge straight, with 10 upper long, sharp, simple teeth and 4 lower bifid teeth; lower angle with tuft of 4 small, sharp denticles. Maxillules (Fig. 3 F – H) with sclerotized, triangular distal parts, with uneven, saw-like, cutting inner margin. Fused maxillae (Figs 3 I, 3 J, 6 A, 6 B) with dense ctenoid scales on lateral and ventral surfaces; distal ends with rounded zones of sclerotized, thick, wrinkled cuticle without denticles, pores, or setules.</p><p>Six pairs of thoracopods; thoracopods 2–6 uniramous, unsegmented, grouped in cluster, and arranged in an unorderly sequence in lateral view (Figs 2 A, 2 E, 4 G, 6 C). Thoracopod 1 setiform (Fig. 2 A, D); thoracopods 2–4 conical, longer and wider than thoracopods 5, 6; thoracopod 6 smaller, 2–3 times shorter than others. Batteries of ampuliform seminal receptacles (Fig. 2 E, F) associated with thoracopods 2–5 (5, 8–9, 4–5 and 4 receptacles, respectively). Cuticle of thoracopods 2–6 with dense, long ctenoid scales (Fig. 6 D).</p><p>Long (~ 0.7–0.8 mm) and massive, terminally bifid penis originating from large first abdominal segment (Figs 1 A, 2 A, 2 C, 4 G, 5 A). Shaft of penis supports two developed, rounded anterior lobes and two conspicuous posterior cylindrical-rectangular rami about 80–90 µm long, with corona of short, wide setae and slit-like terminal opening (Figs 2 C, 4 G, 5 A, 5 B). Distal half of penis, including rami, bearing numerous short but wide conical setae; anterior cuticle with “ sponge ” - like structure (Figs 2 C, 5 A, 5 C).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Petrarca chengi sp. nov. resembles P. azorica Grygier, 1985, P. bathyactidis Fowler, 1889, P. indica Grygier, 1985, P. okadai Grygier, 1981, P. sensoria Grygier, 1991, and Petrarca sp. Grygier, 1991 in having a dome-shaped to subspherical or ellipsoid carapace lacking lumpy inflations and radial ridges on the valves (Table 1). The new species differs from P. azorica, P. bathyactidis, P. indica, and Petrarca sp. Grygier, 1991 by the absence of bumps and large, irregular projections or bifid spines along the ventral margin of the carapace valves. In comparison with P. okadai, P. chengi sp. nov. possesses larger lateral papillae on the carapace. Petrarca chengi sp. nov. can also be distinguished from P. azorica, P. indica, P. okadai, and P. sensoria by the absence of terminal setae or spines on the rudimentary abdomen and by having fewer but larger mandibular teeth (a condition similar to that of P. sensoria). The maxillule of the new species bears an uneven, saw-like inner cutting margin, lacking the well-developed multifid teeth observed in P. okadai, P. sensoria, and Petrarca sp. Grygier, 1991. The first setiform thoracopod of P. chengi sp. nov. terminates in a simple distal end, contrasting with the two distal setae found in P. bathyactidis . The penis bears two well-developed, rounded anterior lobes, which are absent in P. okadai, P. sensoria, and Petrarca sp. Grygier, 1991.</p><p>Dry, indefinite petrarcid galls have previously been reported on the same coral species, Deltocyathus magnificus, from Western Australia and southern Japan (Grygier 1991 a; Grygier and Nojima 1995). We presume that these galls also belong to P. chengi sp. nov. (Fig. 7).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C92046B57BD758FEB497FBE4B1C63AA1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolbasov, Gregory A.;Chan, Benny K. K.	Kolbasov, Gregory A., Chan, Benny K. K. (2026): The distribution and host utilization of scleractinian coral-infesting Ascothoracida (Crustacea, Thecostraca), including the discovery of a new species of Petrarca from Dongsha Island, Taiwan. ZooKeys 1284: 129-147, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1284.189493
3473495095DD5177AB57CE16A2F9B8A4.text	3473495095DD5177AB57CE16A2F9B8A4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Petrarca Fowler 1889	<div><p>Genus Petrarca Fowler, 1889</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Petrarca bathyactidis Fowler, 1889</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3473495095DD5177AB57CE16A2F9B8A4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolbasov, Gregory A.;Chan, Benny K. K.	Kolbasov, Gregory A., Chan, Benny K. K. (2026): The distribution and host utilization of scleractinian coral-infesting Ascothoracida (Crustacea, Thecostraca), including the discovery of a new species of Petrarca from Dongsha Island, Taiwan. ZooKeys 1284: 129-147, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1284.189493
