identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
B7FD8E4E02B952E782E8FA341515060D.text	B7FD8E4E02B952E782E8FA341515060D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cypholepis (Schweinf.) Chiov.	<div><p>Cypholepis (Schweinf.) Chiov., Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 8 (3): 357–358. 1908.</p><p>Type.</p><p>Cypholepis yemenica (Schweinf.) Chiov. ≡ Eragrostis yemenica Schweinf. ≡ Eleusine yemensis (Schweinf.) Chiov. ≡ Coelachyrum yemenicum (Schweinf.) S. M. Phillips ≡ Disakisperma yemenicum (Schweinf.) P. M. Peterson &amp; N. Snow.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Cypholepis differs from Disakisperma in having only apical panicles that are usually exserted at maturity (v. with apical panicles exserted at maturity and cleistogamous lateral panicles hidden in the lower sheaths) and lemmas with clavate or clavicorniculate hairs (v. lemmas with acute- or round-tipped hairs).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Caespitose perennials. Culms 30–200 cm tall, 1.0–5.0 mm wide at base, round, erect to sprawling or geniculate, from fibrous or knotted root crowns sometimes bearing short cataphylls (shortly rhizomatous in the opinion of some authors); nodes glabrous. Leaf sheaths half as long to slightly longer than internodes, round or slightly flattened, glabrous to occasionally sparsely hairy near apex; ligules 0.5–2.2 mm long, membranous, apex truncate, ciliate or fimbriate; blades (3 –) 7–37 cm long, flat or sometimes involute or folded upon drying. Panicles 3.5–65 cm long, narrow 1–3 cm wide ( C. eleusine, C. yemenica) to more open 3–8 (– 12) cm wide ( C. obtusiflora), apical, mostly exserted at maturity, composed of several to numerous unilateral racemes, racemosely or sub-digitately scattered along a central axis; branches at maturity slightly reflexed to ascending or steeply erect. Spikelets 3.7–10.0 mm long, 5–12 (– 15) - flowered, sessile to subsessile, dorsally rounded to flattened, typically overlapping, disarticulation above the glumes; callus glabrous; glumes 2; lower glumes 1.5–4.1 mm long, 1 - veined, membranous; upper glumes 1.8–5.3 mm long, 1 - veined, membranous; lemmas 2.2–4.7 mm long, ovate, usually 3 - veined, sometimes 4 - or 5 - veined near base ( C. eleusine, C. obtusiflora), membranous, sometimes cartilaginous and with involute margins towards the base ( C. yemenica), pilose to sericeous below with clavate to clavicorniculate hairs, apex obtuse, sometimes bifid to acute, awnless; paleas 1 / 2–2 / 3 as long as the lemma, short pubescent below, these hairs often clavicorniculate. Flowers perfect; lodicules 2, flabellate; stamens 3; anthers 0.2–1 mm long, yellow. Caryopses 1.2–2 mm long, dorsally flattened, broadly concave on the hilar surface; pericarp weakly adnate to endosperm.</p><p>Chromosome number.</p><p>n = 20 (Ammal 1955 for C. obtusiflora).</p><p>Species included.</p><p>Cypholepis eleusine (Nees) P. M. Peterson &amp; N. Snow, C. obtusiflora (Hochst.) P. M. Peterson &amp; N. Snow, and C. yemenica (Schweinf.) Chiov.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Africa and the Middle East in central Asia (India to Saudi Arabia, Oman, and Yemen).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B7FD8E4E02B952E782E8FA341515060D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Peterson, Paul M.;Romaschenko, Konstantin;Snow, Neil;Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda	Peterson, Paul M., Romaschenko, Konstantin, Snow, Neil, Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda (2026): A phylogeny of Disakisperma and resurrection of Cypholepis (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Cynodonteae, Eleusininae). PhytoKeys 279: 1-16, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.279.203849
07C7BF23241D5F2FA1D6CFF52EB805DC.text	07C7BF23241D5F2FA1D6CFF52EB805DC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cypholepis eleusine (Nees 1912) P. M. Peterson & N. Snow 2026	<div><p>Cypholepis eleusine (Nees) P. M. Peterson &amp; N. Snow comb. nov.</p><p>Diplachne eleusine Nees, Fl. Afr. Austr. 255. 1841 ≡ Uralepis eleusine (Nees) Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 248. 1854 ≡ Tridodia eleusine (Nees) T. Durand &amp; Schinz, Consp. Fl. Afr. 5: 877. 1894 ≡ Leptochloa eleusine (Nees) T. A. Cope &amp; N. Snow, Novon 8: 78. 1998 ≡ Disakisperma eleusine (Nees) P. M. Peterson &amp; N. Snow, Annals Bot. 109: 1327. 2012. Type: South Africa, Katrivierspoort, J. F. Drège 3906 (lectotype, designated by Snow in Novon 8: 78. 1998: B!; isolectotype: P!) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/07C7BF23241D5F2FA1D6CFF52EB805DC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Peterson, Paul M.;Romaschenko, Konstantin;Snow, Neil;Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda	Peterson, Paul M., Romaschenko, Konstantin, Snow, Neil, Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda (2026): A phylogeny of Disakisperma and resurrection of Cypholepis (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Cynodonteae, Eleusininae). PhytoKeys 279: 1-16, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.279.203849
F71416373B1553C9A41A08B86C07C338.text	F71416373B1553C9A41A08B86C07C338.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cypholepis obtusiflora (Hochst.) P. M. Peterson & N. Snow 2026	<div><p>Cypholepis obtusiflora (Hochst.) P. M. Peterson &amp; N. Snow comb. nov.</p><p>Leptochloa obtusiflora Hochst., Flora 38: 203. 1855 ≡ Eleusine obtusiflora (Hochst.) Blatt., Rec. Bot. Surv. India 8: 505. 1936 ≡ Disakisperma obtusiflorum (Hochst.) P. M. Peterson &amp; N. Snow, Annals Bot. 109: 1327. 2012. Type: Ethiopia, W. Schimper in Herb. Buchinger 1204 [holotype: STR; isotypes: B!, P!, S! co-mounted with a specimen of Trigonochloa uniflora (Hochst. ex A. Rich) P. M. Peterson &amp; N. Snow] .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F71416373B1553C9A41A08B86C07C338	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Peterson, Paul M.;Romaschenko, Konstantin;Snow, Neil;Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda	Peterson, Paul M., Romaschenko, Konstantin, Snow, Neil, Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda (2026): A phylogeny of Disakisperma and resurrection of Cypholepis (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Cynodonteae, Eleusininae). PhytoKeys 279: 1-16, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.279.203849
69FE656C362F5DDF83536F45C9F656ED.text	69FE656C362F5DDF83536F45C9F656ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cypholepis yemenica (Schweinf.) Chiov.	<div><p>Cypholepis yemenica (Schweinf.) Chiov.</p><p>Cypholepis yemenica (Schweinf.) Chiov., Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 8 (3): 357–358. 1908 ≡ Eragrostis yemenica Schweinf., Bull. Herb. Boissier 2 (App. 2): 41. 1894 ≡ Eleusine yemensis (Schweinf.) Chiov., Ann. Bot. (Rome) 10: 410. 1912 ≡ Coelachyrum yemenicum (Schweinf.) S. M. Phillips, Kew Bull. 37 (1): 159. 1982 ≡ Disakisperma yemenicum (Schweinf.) P. M. Peterson &amp; N. Snow, PhytoKeys 26: 63. 2013. Type: Yemen, Arabia Felici, 2 Feb 1889, G. A. Schweinfurth 1332 (lectotype, designated by Snow et al., PhytoKeys 26: 63. 2013 and S. A. Chaudhary, Grasses of Saudi Arabia 274. 1989, cited no specific herbarium: G 00164877 [image!]) .</p><p>= Leptochloa appletonii Stapf, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 6: 223. 1907. Type: Somalia, Golis Range, Drake-Brockman 147 (lectotype designated by Snow et al., PhytoKeys 26: 63. 2013: G [image!]; isolectotype: K 000365352 [image!]) .</p><p>= Eragrostis diplostachya Peter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 40 (1, Anhang): 100, t. 58, f. 1. 1929. Type: Tanzania, Lushoto District, Buiko, 14 Jun 1915, Peter 11083 (lectotype, designated by S. M. Phillips, 59: B. Cypholepis, Gramineae, part 2, Fl. Trop. E. Africa 250. 1974: B 10 0168318 [image!]; isolectotype: K-photo!) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/69FE656C362F5DDF83536F45C9F656ED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Peterson, Paul M.;Romaschenko, Konstantin;Snow, Neil;Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda	Peterson, Paul M., Romaschenko, Konstantin, Snow, Neil, Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda (2026): A phylogeny of Disakisperma and resurrection of Cypholepis (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Cynodonteae, Eleusininae). PhytoKeys 279: 1-16, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.279.203849
27879164C4AE5A7EB623E861351062F0.text	27879164C4AE5A7EB623E861351062F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Disakisperma Steud.	<div><p>Disakisperma Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 287 (1854).</p><p>Type.</p><p>Disakisperma mexicana Steud. = Disakisperma dubium (Kunth) P. M. Peterson &amp; N. Snow ≡ Chloris dubia Kunth.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Disakisperma differs morphologically from Cypholepis most notably in having cleistogamous inflorescences in the lower leaf sheaths (v. no cleistogamous spikelets in the lower sheaths) and lemmas with acute- or round-tipped hairs (v. lemmas with clavate or clavicorniclate-tipped hairs).</p><p>Description.</p><p>(amended from Peterson et al. 2012 and Snow et al. 2013) Caespitose perennials. Culms (10 –) 30–110 cm tall, 1.0– 4.5 mm wide at base, round or flattened, mostly erect or infrequently sprawling, from fibrous root crowns, with hidden (fully inserted) cleistogamous inflorescences in lower leaf sheaths; nodes glabrous. Leaf sheaths longer (typically proximally) or shorter (distally) than internodes, typically sparsely hairy below and sometimes densely so near collar, hair bases sometimes tuberculate; ligules 1.0– 1.5 mm long, membranous, truncate and apically short-ciliate; blades (2 –) 8–35 mm long, scabrous near base or sparsely hairy above, glabrous to minutely scabrous below, flat or drying involute. Cleistogamous panicles completely inserted in lower sheaths. Terminal panicles 10–45 cm long, (2 –) 5–25 cm wide, mostly exserted at maturity; branches composed of (2 –) 5–15 unilateral racemes, racemosely or less frequently sub-digitately arising from the rachis, these ascending to reflexed and often slightly flexuous. Spikelets (4 –) 12 mm long, 4–13 - flowered, sessile to subsessile, dorsally rounded at maturity, overlapping to distant, disarticulation above the glumes; callus glabrous; glumes 2; lower glumes (1.6 –) 2.3–4.8 mm long, 1 - veined, membranous; upper glumes 3.3–5.0 mm long, 1 - veined, membranous; lemmas 4–5 mm long, ovate to obovate or widely obovate, usually 3 - veined or sometimes 4–5 - veined near base, membranous, sometimes cartilaginous near base, sericeous along lower portions of lateral veins and sometimes on midvein and between veins, hairs acute or rounded apically, apex broadly acute to obtuse or truncate, awnless or mucronate, often bifid; paleas subequal to lemma, ciliate on margins and sometimes sericeous between veins. Flowers perfect; lodicule number not confirmed; stamens 3; anthers 1.0– 1.6 mm long, yellow. Caryopses 1.9–2.3 mm long, dorsally flattened, broadly to shallowly concave on the hilar surface; pericarp weakly adnate to endosperm.</p><p>Chromosome numbers.</p><p>n = 20 (Gould 1960; Valls 1978); 2 n = 40 (Covas 1949; Gould 1960, 1966, 1968), 2 n = 60 (Brown 1950), 2 n = 80 (Gould 1960, 1965; Valls 1978).</p><p>Species included.</p><p>Disakisperma dubium (Kunth) P. M. Peterson &amp; N. Snow [for complete nomenclatural summary see Snow et al. 2013].</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Native: In the USA from Arizona to Oklahoma and Texas, and disjunct in southern Florida, in much of Mexico, sporadically in the Caribbean and in Mesoamerica to Bolivia and Chile east to Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina; in a variety of vegetation and soil types (including limestone), but most frequently on well drained slopes, mostly 100–2500 m, to 3150 m in the Andes of South America. Non-native: USA in California, Hawaii (Snow and Davidse 2011), Kansas, and Missouri. Its occurrences in the high Andes of Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Peru may be as introductions (Snow et al. 2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/27879164C4AE5A7EB623E861351062F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Peterson, Paul M.;Romaschenko, Konstantin;Snow, Neil;Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda	Peterson, Paul M., Romaschenko, Konstantin, Snow, Neil, Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda (2026): A phylogeny of Disakisperma and resurrection of Cypholepis (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Cynodonteae, Eleusininae). PhytoKeys 279: 1-16, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.279.203849
