identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
691D87E6FF908436FDD4DDBBFAB4F8DE.text	691D87E6FF908436FDD4DDBBFAB4F8DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calea (Meyeria) (DC.) Baker (Baker 1884	<div><p>Calea subg. Meyeria (DC.) Baker</p><p>Fig. 1</p><p>Calea subg. Meyeria (DC.) Baker (Baker 1884: 252) .</p><p>– Type species: Calea myrtifolia (DC.) Baker (Baker 1884: 260) .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs 0.3–3 m tall. Leaves opposite, decussate, petiolate, petiole 0.17–3(–5.3) mm long; blades 0.4–4(–6.05) × 0.18–2.7(–3.08) cm, usually ovate, rarely elliptic or oblong, margins serrate or entire. Capitulescence commonly cymose dichasiform, sometimes capitulum solitary, pedunculate, peduncles 0.3–3.6 cm long. Capitulum heterogamous, radiate; involucre 5–13.6(–14.7) × 5.1–17.3(–20) mm, campanulate. Phyllaries 5-seriate, outermost series of phyllaries generally foliaceous, rarely just middle foliaceous, third series foliaceous or apex foliaceous or scarious, innermost series scarious; receptacle holopaleaceous, paleae 5.5–10.2 mm long. Ray florets 6–20 per capitulum, corolla 7.7–21.1(–22.3) mm long, liguliform, yellow, tube 1.5–4.4(–4.9) mm long, limb 5.3–17.7(–18.5) × 1.8–6.3(–7) mm; style branches 0.6–1.8 mm long. Disc florets 18–80 per capitulum, corolla 4.1–7.9 mm long, tubular, yellow, tube 1–2.9 mm long, lobes 0.7–2.1 mm long; anthers 2.1–3.4 mm long; style branches 0.9–1.6 mm long. Cypselae 2.3–3.6 mm long, obconical or prismatic, blackish; pappus of scales generally monotypic, often bitypic, usually monolength, often bilength, rarely polylength, free, 9–15 × 0.4–2.5(–4.5) mm, oblong or oblanceolate, sometimes elliptic.</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Calea subg. Meyeria is endemic to central-eastern and southern Brazil where it occurs in the states of central and southern Minas Gerais, eastern São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and northeastern Rio Grande do Sul (Fig. 1) in open areas from grasslands, shrublands, savannas, and rock outcrops of the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado domains. The total extent of occurrence of the subgenus is about 600 000 km², with an area of occupancy of 284 131 km ², when excluding the forest formations and water bodies within this extent.</p><p>The present taxonomic study recognizes eight species and two nothospecies. The qualitative and quantitative morphological characterizations were the basis for the species descriptions, taxonomic notes, a key, and the overlapping key characters table (Table 1). The comparison of the leaves of the all taxa are in Fig. 2.</p><p>Key to the taxa of Calea subg. Meyeria Baker</p><p>1. Leaf margins white, secondary veins inconspicuous; outermost series of phyllaries with white margins .............................................................................................................................................. 2</p><p>– Leaf margins green, secondary veins conspicuous; outermost series of phyllaries with olivaceous margins .............................................................................................................................................. 3</p><p>2. Stems non-glandular; 4 th order of phyllaries glabrous, 5 th order 2.3–2.7 mm wide ............................ ....................................................................................................................... C. marginata S.F.Blake</p><p>– Stems glandular-punctate; 4 th order of phyllaries sparsely glandular-punctate, 5 th order 3.5–4.8 mm wide ............................................................... C. × malmeana V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden nothosp. nov.</p><p>3. Stems corrugate, densely glandular-punctate, puberulous to puberulent; leaves chartaceous, margins flat .............................................................................................................. C. parvifolia (DC.) Baker</p><p>– Stems striate, non-glandular or glandular-punctate with stems hispid to hispidulous; leaves coriaceous, margins revolute ............................................................................................................................... 4</p><p>4. Stems villose; leaf blade abaxial surface villose; outermost series of phyllaries villose ................... ................................................................................................... C. funkiana V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden</p><p>– Stems hirsute, puberullent, puberulous, hispid, hispidulous or glabrous; leaf blade abaxial surface scabridulous, hispid, hispidulous, strigose, puberulous or glabrous; outermost series of phyllaries scabridulous, hispid, hispidulous, puberulous, strigose or glabrous ................................................. 5</p><p>5. Peduncle pilose or hirsute or puberulous, leaf base rounded, fifth series of phyllaries 8.4–11.2 mm long ................................................................................................................................................... 6</p><p>– Peduncle hispid or hispidulous or strigose or puberulous, leaf base cordate, fifth series of phyllaries 6.6–8.2 mm long ............................................................................................................................... 7</p><p>6. First series of phyllaries shorter than or equal to 6 mm, second series shorter than or equal to 6 mm, widely ovate to narrowly ovate, sometimes elliptic (2:1 ratio) ................. C. myrtifolia (DC.) Baker</p><p>– First series of phyllaries longer than 6 mm, second series longer than 6 mm, orbiculate (1:1 ratio) to widely elliptic (1.5:1 ratio) ................................................................................ C. phyllolepis Baker</p><p>7. First series of phyllaries apex acute, leaf venation acrodromous basal; corolla of ray florets 14.7– 17 mm long ............................................................................. C. pruskiana V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden</p><p>– First series of phyllaries apex obtuse or acute, leaf venation reticulate or acrodromous suprabasal; corolla of ray florets 7.4–14.2 mm long ........................................................................................... 8</p><p>8. Peduncle strigose to sparsely hispidulous; outer series of phyllaries glabrous, sparsely strigose to glabrous, apex obtuse or rounded ................................... C. subintegerrima V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden</p><p>– Peduncle hispid or hispidulous or puberulous; outer series of phyllaries hispid to hispidulous to glabrescent, scabrid or glabrous with apex acute ............................................................................. 9</p><p>9. Leaf base cordate; paleae conduplicate ...................................................... C. triantha (Vell.) Pruski</p><p>– Leaf base rounded or subcordate; paleae concave ............. C. × parviantha V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/691D87E6FF908436FDD4DDBBFAB4F8DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bueno, Vinícius R.;Gostel, Morgan R.;Heiden, Gustavo	Bueno, Vinícius R., Gostel, Morgan R., Heiden, Gustavo (2026): A taxonomic revision of Calea subgenus Meyeria (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae), endemic to the Southeast and South Brazilian open vegetation. European Journal of Taxonomy 1039: 116-164, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1039.3183, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3183/14145
691D87E6FF9B8432FDA8D937FE01FBF3.text	691D87E6FF9B8432FDA8D937FE01FBF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calea funkiana V. R. Bueno & G. Heiden (Bueno & Heiden 2021	<div><p>Calea funkiana V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden</p><p>Figs 2A, 3A, C, E, 4</p><p>Calea funkiana V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden (Bueno &amp; Heiden 2021: 470) .</p><p>Type material</p><p>BRAZIL – Minas Gerais • Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó; 28 Feb. 1991; fl., fr.; S. Mayo, M.C.E.Amaral, I. Cordeiro &amp; J.R. Pirani CFSC7026; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; holotype: SPF [18618]; isotypes: MG [144560], UEC [27681] .</p><p>Selected material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Minas Gerais • Jaboticatubas, Estrada da usina; 28 May 1972; fl., fr.; A.B. Joly et al. CFSC2241; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; SP [150865], UEC [2531] • Santana do Riacho, arredores de Santana do Riacho; 25 Oct. 1974; fl., fr.; G. Hatschbach et al. 35338; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; MBM [32178] • 450 m da MG-010 na estrada para a “Pousada ao pé da Serra”; 9 Dec. 2020; fl., fr.; I.A.C. Arruda 1158; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; HUFU [81507] • APA Morro da Pedreira, rodovia Belo Horizonte, Conceição do Mato Dentro, Mãe d’água, ramal levando ao condomínio, ca 1 km da porteira da entrada; 18 Feb. 1972; J.R. Pirani et al. 6283; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; ALCB [162692], SPF [222040] .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs 0.7–3 m tall, slightly branched. Stems cylindrical, striate, commonly villous, sometimes sparsely villous, non-glandular, castaneous, internodes 4.9–23.6 mm long. Leaves decussate, petiolate, petiole 1.6–2.2 mm long, blades 0.93–3.44 × 0.78–2.76 cm, usually broadly ovate, sometimes ovate, rarely very broadly ovate, coriaceous, strongly discolorous, abaxial white, adaxial green, base cordate, apex acute, rarely attenuate or acuminate, venation acrodromous basal, secondary veins conspicuous; margins revolute, thin, green, usually pauciserrate or entire, rarely oligoserrate, 1–6(–11) teeth, 0.4–2.5(–3.5) mm long, from the base to the middle, sometimes just in the middle or in the base; abaxial surface villous, glandular-punctate, veins villous, adaxial surface scabridulous or with sparse long trichomes, non-glandular. Capitulescence cymose dichasiform, axis 0–5.6 cm long, branching to 2–5 ramification orders, 2–8 secondary stems; peduncle 0.34–2.49(–4.8) cm long, usually densely villous, often villous, non-glandular. Capitulum heterogamous, radiate; involucre 6–13.3 × 7.5–16.1 mm, generally campanulate, often hemispherical, sometimes cylindrical. Phyllaries 5-seriate; outermost series villous, margins foliaceous, green, inconspicuously striate, first series of phyllaries 7.6–15 × 4.6–8.4 mm, usually longer than involucre, sometimes shorter, commonly longer than second series, sometimes equal, usually elliptic to broadly elliptic, often ovate to broadly ovate, apex acute, glandular-punctate, margins entire, commonly middle revolute, sometimes revolute, 3-striate; second series 7.5–12.1 × 4.8–7.2 mm, broadly elliptic, ovate or deltoid, apex commonly acute, sometimes attenuate, glandular-punctate, margins entire, middle revolute, 3–4-striate; third series 9–10.9 × 5.25–7 mm, broadly usually oblong or oblong, sometimes broadly ovate, apex acuminate, generally villous, sometimes sparsely villous, non-glandular, margins entire, apex revolute, foliaceous, green, 4–6-striate; innermost series with apex obtuse, glabrous, margins entire, scarious, yellowish green or light yellow, conspicuously striate; fourth series blade 8.5–13 × 4–5.8 mm, oblong or narrowly ovate, margins middle erose, 12–15-striate; fifth series 8.2–13 × 2.5– 4.5 mm, usually lanceolate or narrowly oblong, rarely narrowly elliptic, apex commonly acute, sometimes rounded, margins apex rarely erose, 10–12-striate. Receptacle convex, holopaleaceous, paleae 9–10.5 × 1.1–2 mm, usually longer than corolla disc, rarely equal, usually narrowly oblanceolate, often narrowly elliptic, apex long acuminate, concave, light yellow. Ray florets 10–15, pistillate, with corolla liguliform, yellow, 13–16 mm, tube 2.5–3.4 mm long, limb 10.5–12.6 × 3–3.8 mm, generally oblanceolate, rarely narrowly elliptic, apex 3-lobulate, with 5–6 veined, glabrous; style branches ca 1 mm long, linear, yellow. Disc florets 25–45, monoclinous, corolla tubular, yellow, 5.25–7 mm long, tube 1.6–2 mm long, lobes 1–1.2 mm long, glabrous, yellow. Anthers 2.5–2.8 mm long, light yellow, anther appendages apically ovate; style branches 1.5–1.6 mm long, linear, yellow. Cypselae 2.75–3 mm long, prismatic or obconic, nigrescent, ribs light yellow or nigrescent, ray cypselae 3-angled, disc cypselae 4-angled, faces glabrous, ribs densely pilose; pappus monotypic, monolength, free, scales 10–13, 1.1–1.6 mm long, commonly oblanceolate, sometimes elliptic or oblong, apex obtuse, margins entire, apex erose.</p><p>Distribution, habitat and phenology</p><p>Calea funkiana is endemic to Cerrado from Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó and Área de Proteção Ambiental Morro da Pedreira in Minas Gerais State (Fig. 4). It grows in cerrado rupestre sites (Pereira &amp; Fernandes 2022), living in moist sites of rock outcrops and sandy soils at elevations of 1000–1400 m. Fertile specimens (with flower and fruit) were collected from October to March, although there are some collections in May and July.</p><p>Informal conservation status</p><p>Endangered (EN) B1ab(v)+2ab(v); D. Since the first records of this species (Bueno &amp; Heiden 2022b), two new localities for this species were added, therefore the Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO) increased from 20 km ² to 159.026 km ² and from 48 km ² to 56 km ², respectively, but even so the degree of threat remains the same. The locations found are in humid formations of the Serra do Cipó mountain range, which, given the areaʼs history, are known to be severely fragmented environments (B condition a). Furthermore, collections were more abundant in the past than they are currently, suggesting a decline in populations (B condition b). In recent collections, over the last twenty years, collectors estimate having seen fewer than 250 mature individuals (I.A.C. Arruda, pers. com.). The anthropic threats from deforestation, road construction, and accidental fires (Viana et al. 2005; Ribeiro et al. 2009) remain unchanged, which also corroborates the maintenance of the status. Thus, we propose that this species should be considered Endangered.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Calea funkiana is part of the C. triantha group ( C. funkiana, C. pruskiana, C. subintegerrima, and C. triantha) and further description of the four species in this group is provided by Bueno &amp; Heiden (2022a).</p><p>Calea funkiana can be distinguished from C. pruskiana by the villous indumentum of the branches, peduncle, abaxial surface of leaves and outermost series of phyllaries (vs hispidulous to hispid or pubescent), cordate base leaf (vs usually subcordate, often rounded), generally less serrate leaves with 1–6 teeth (vs 5–13 teeth); inconspicuously striate outermost phyllaries (vs conspicuously striate), third series of phyllaries with acuminate apex (vs obtuse); generally shorter tube disc florets 1.6–2 mm long (vs 2–2.5 mm), and cypselae 2.75–3 mm long (vs 3.1–3.5 mm).</p><p>When compared to Calea triantha, C. funkiana differs by the villous indumentum of the branches, peduncle, abaxial surface of leaves and outermost series of phyllaries (vs generally hispidulous to hispid, rarely puberulous), leaf and of outer series of phyllaries with acute to acuminate apex (vs obtuse); commonly longer outermost series of phyllaries blade 7.6–15 mm long (vs 5.5–8 mm), third series of phyllaries blade 9–10.9 mm long (vs 5.1–7.9 mm), acuminate apex (vs obtuse), and paleae 9–10.5 mm long (vs 5.9–8.9 mm).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/691D87E6FF9B8432FDA8D937FE01FBF3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bueno, Vinícius R.;Gostel, Morgan R.;Heiden, Gustavo	Bueno, Vinícius R., Gostel, Morgan R., Heiden, Gustavo (2026): A taxonomic revision of Calea subgenus Meyeria (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae), endemic to the Southeast and South Brazilian open vegetation. European Journal of Taxonomy 1039: 116-164, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1039.3183, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3183/14145
691D87E6FF9F8431FDFCDA19FD41FE2C.text	691D87E6FF9F8431FDFCDA19FD41FE2C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calea marginata S. F. Blake (Blake 1937	<div><p>Calea marginata S.F.Blake</p><p>Figs. 2J, 3B, D, F, 5</p><p>Calea marginata S.F.Blake (Blake 1937: 387) . – Meyeria longifolia DC. (Candolle 1836: 671) . – Calea longifolia (DC.) Baker (Baker 1884: 260) . – Calea barrosoana H.Rob. (Robinson 1979: 274) .</p><p>Type material</p><p>BRAZIL • São Paulo-Paraná; 1828–1829; fl. fr.; F. Sellow s.n.; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; lectotype: P [02140741], designated by Bueno et al. 2025b; isolectype: G [G00456488] .</p><p>Selected material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Paraná • Jaguariaíva, Rio Diamante, proximidades do recanto da Prainha; 5 Dec. 1988; fl., fr.; M. Silveira et al. 89; V.R. Bueno det. 2021; FUEL [6105], HUFU [46636], UEC [54321] • Palmeira, Recanto dos Papagaios; 20 Jul. 2021; fl., fr.; J.T. Motta et al. 4156; V.R. Bueno det. 2021; MBM [389015]. – São Paulo • Ituverava, SP- 258 km 324, margem do Rio Verde; 26 Feb. 1997; fl., fr.; K. Matsumoto et al. 188; V.R. Bueno det. 2021; UEC [100993] • Itararé, Estrada para Itararé; 4 Nov. 2018; fl., fr.; C. Ribeiro et al. 301; V.R. Bueno det. 2021; ICN [203042] .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs 0.3–1.5 m tall, sometimes herbs. Stems cylindrical, corrugate, glabrous or scabridulous, non-glandular, castaneous, internodes 1–30.8(–52.7) mm long. Leaves commonly decussate, rarely whorled, petiolate, petiole 0.1–2.9 mm long, rarely sessile; blades 0.93–5.2(–5.95) × 0.18–0.82(–1.2) cm, usually oblong or elliptic, rarely very narrowly elliptic or narrowly elliptic, base obtuse, chartaceous, generally slightly discolorous, rarely concolorous, green, apex commonly acute, sometimes truncate, rarely obtuse, venation acrodromous basal, secondary veins inconspicuous; margins slightly revolute, entire, thickened, white; abaxial surface generally densely glandular-foveate, rarely glandular-punctate, adaxial surface glabrous. Capitulum solitary or capitulescence cymose dichasiform, slightly branched, axis 0–0.56(–4.43) mm long, branching with two orders of ramification, 2–4(–5) secondary branches; peduncle 0.2–2.95(–4.05) cm long, densely scabridulous or densely hispidulous, non-glandular. Capitulum heterogamous, radiate; involucre 7.1–14.7 × 8.4–18.9 mm, campanulate or hemispherical or cylindrical; phyllaries 5-seriate, margins entire; first series blade (7.1–)7.6–15.4(–18.8) × 2.9–4.4(–6.8) mm, usually longer than involucre, sometimes shorter, commonly longer than second series, sometimes equal, rarely shorter, usually narrowly elliptic or elliptic, sometimes oblanceolate, rarely narrowly lanceolate, apex rounded or truncate, margins slightly revolute or apex slightly revolute, middle white, glabrous, foliaceous, green, generally inconspicuously, rarely conspicuously, 2–4-striate; intermediate series usually glabrous, rarely sparsely glandular-punctate, middle or apex foliaceous, greenish yellow or green, commonly inconspicuously striate, rarely conspicuously; second series blade 8.5–13(–13.5) × 2.9–5.9 mm, usually narrowly obovate or oblanceolate, often panduriform, sometimes narrowly ovate, rarely oblong, apex commonly obtuse or rounded, sometimes truncate, margins middle or apex slightly revolute, middle or apex white, 4–6-striate; third series (7.4–)8–10.4(–12) × 3.1–5.4 mm, narrowly oblanceolate, oblanceolate, ovate or lanceolate, apex generally obtuse or acute, sometimes rounded, margins flat or apex slightly revolute, apex white, 8–12-striate; innermost series glabrous, scarious, pale yellow or yellow, conspicuously striate; fourth series 9.2–11.6 × 2.9–7.7 mm, usually narrowly obovate, sometimes narrowly oblong or oblanceolate, rarely oblong or widely oblong or obovate, apex rounded, erose, 8–14-striate; fifth series (7.5–)9.5–10.7 × 2.3–2.7(–5.1) mm, commonly narrowly elliptic, sometimes narrowly oblong, narrowly obovate or oblanceolate, apex usually rounded or obtuse, rarely 3–4-lobulate, 6–12-striate. Receptacle slightly convex, holopaleaceous, paleae 6.7–9.2 × 1.1–2.1 mm long, longer than corolla disc, narrow, generally narrowly oblanceolate, sometimes narrowly elliptic, apex long acuminate, usually concave, often conduplicate, light yellow. Ray florets 12–18, pistillate, corolla 12.3–21.1 mm long, liguliform, yellow, tube 2.7–4.4(–4.9) mm long, limb 8.8–17.7 × 2.5–4.4(–6.3) mm, narrowly oblong or oblanceolate, apex commonly rounded or bilobed, sometimes acute, 5–7-veined, abaxial surface densely glandular-punctate or glandular-punctate, adaxial surface glabrous; style branches 0.6–1.2 mm long, linear, yellow. Disc florets 30–60, monoclinous, corolla 5–7.7 mm long, tubular, yellow, tube (1.5–) 1.6–2.3 mm long, lobes 0.9–1.4 mm long, glabrous; anthers 2.3–2.9(–3.4) mm long, light yellow, anther appendages apically ovate; style branches 1–1.5 mm long, linear, yellow. Cypselae 2.3–3.4 mm long, prismatic, nigrescent, ray cypselae 3-angled, disc cypselae 4-angled, glabrous, ribs usually glabrous or pilose, often glabrous to hirsute; pappus generally monotypic or bitypic, monolength, often bilength, free, scales 8–15 (with 1–3 distinctly longer, when present), mostly 0.4–1.2 mm long, longer 1–2.2 mm long, oblanceolate or oblong, apex usually obtuse or rounded, sometimes truncate, margins entire, apex erose.</p><p>Distribution, habitat and phenology</p><p>Calea marginata is an endemism of Brazil from the high-altitude grasslands of the Atlantic Forest of São Paulo and Paraná states (Fig. 5). This species inhabits wet grasslands, sometimes seasonally flooded, and riverine vegetation; at elevations of 800–1200 m. It was found flowering and fruiting throughout the year, except in September, mainly between November and May.</p><p>Informal conservation status</p><p>Endangered (EN) B2ab(ii,iii). Calea marginata has an EOO of 24 063.156 km² and an AOO of 328 km ². While the EOO suggests Near Threatened (NT), the AOO indicates Endangered (EN). Like other taxa treated here that occur in the Área de Proteção Ambiental da Escarpa Devoniana (APAED) (Harfouche et al. 2019), much of its EOO is covered by forest vegetation where the species does not occur. According to Harfouche et al. (2019), the area of human impact has increased and the natural grasslands have decreased within the APAED, indicating that despite this being a conservation area, Calea marginata is not fully protected. It is estimated that there will be a decline in the area of occurrence with severe fragmentation (condition a and b) due to the impacts described by Harfouche et al. (2019). Within the APAED, this species is found in three state parks: Parque Estadual do Guartelá, Parque Estadual Vila Velha, and Parque Estadual do Cerrado; and in São Paulo State it is found in another park: Parque Ecológico Gruta da Barreira. Thus, we propose that this species should be considered Endangered.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Calea marginata belong to Calea myrtifolia group ( Calea marginata, C. myrtifolia, C. parvifolia, and C. phyllolepis).</p><p>The species that most closely resembles Calea marginata is C. parvifolia, these two species can be differentiated respectively by non-glandular stems and peduncles in the former (vs densely glandular-punctate), oblong or elliptic leaf (vs narrowly ovate or lanceolate), obtuse leaf base (vs rounded), basal acrodromous venation (vs reticulodromous), thick and white margin (vs thin and green); first (innermost) series of phyllaries with truncate or rounded apex (vs acute), non-glandular abaxial surface (vs glandular-punctate); non-glandular corolla of disc florets (vs glandular-punctate), and commonly shorter pappus scales (without consider the longer scale) 0.4–1.2 mm long (vs 1.1–2.3 mm)</p><p>Calea marginata is distinguishable from C. myrtifolia by striate stems (vs corrugate), oblong or elliptic leaf (vs ovate or lanceolate), obtuse leaf base (vs rounded), inconspicuous secondary veins (vs conspicuous), thick and white leaf margin (vs thin and green); first (innermost) series of phyllaries with white middlemargins (vs green), commonly longer phyllaries; first series of 7.6–15.4 mm long (vs 4.9–7.2 mm), second series of 8.5–13 mm long (vs 5–6 mm), third series of 8–10.4 mm long (vs 4.8–8.1 mm), and fourth series of 9.2–11.6 mm long (vs 8.1–9.7 mm).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/691D87E6FF9F8431FDFCDA19FD41FE2C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bueno, Vinícius R.;Gostel, Morgan R.;Heiden, Gustavo	Bueno, Vinícius R., Gostel, Morgan R., Heiden, Gustavo (2026): A taxonomic revision of Calea subgenus Meyeria (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae), endemic to the Southeast and South Brazilian open vegetation. European Journal of Taxonomy 1039: 116-164, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1039.3183, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3183/14145
691D87E6FF9C842DFDEFDC42FAEEFE93.text	691D87E6FF9C842DFDEFDC42FAEEFE93.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calea myrtifolia (DC.) Baker (Baker 1884	<div><p>Calea myrtifolia (DC.) Baker</p><p>Figs 2H, 6A, C, E, 7</p><p>Calea myrtifolia (DC.) Baker (Baker 1884: 260) . – Meyeria myrtifolia DC. (Candolle 1836: 670) .</p><p>Calea myrtifolia var. paucidentata Baker (Baker 1884: 260)</p><p>– Type: BRAZIL – Minas Gerais • Catas Altas, Serra do Caraça; fl., fr.; L. Riedel 1427; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; lectotype: LE [not found], designated in Pruski 2023; isolectotypes: G [00412260], K [000323152], P [02469708, 02469709, 02469710] .</p><p>Type material</p><p>BRAZIL – Minas Gerais • Diamantina; 1833; fl., fr.; A.C. Vauthier 320; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; lectotype: GDC [00456458], designated in Bueno et al. 2025b; isolectotypes G [00456458, 00222839], GH [00589157, 00589158], P [02140745, 02140746, 02140747], W [0043963] .</p><p>Selected material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Minas Gerais • Barão de Cocais, lower slopes of Serra do Caraça; 27 Jan. 1971; fl., fr.; H.S. Irwin et al. 29263; V.R. Bueno det. 2021; RB [177374], UEC [2506], US [2818873] • Diamantina, Parque Estadual do Biribiri, caminho para Casa dos Ventos; 10 Jan. 2020; fl., fr.; V.R. Bueno 108; V.R. Bueno det. 2021; ECT [9543], HUFU [81516], ICN [203006] • Ibiá, Fazenda Santa Terezinha; 10 May 1986; fl., fr.; E.V.B. Paiva s.n.; V.R. Bueno det. 2021; UEC [79328] • São Sebastião do Paraíso, arredores da cidade; 8 Apr. 1945; fl., fr.; A.C. Brade 17649; V.R. Bueno det. 2021; RB [52670] .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs 0.5–2.15 m tall. Stems cylindrical, striate, generally sparsely hirsute, sometimes sparsely puberulent or puberulent, rarely hispid, non-glandular, castaneous, internodes 3.2–24(–40) mm long. Leaves usually decussate, rarely decussate and whorled in the same stem, petiolate, petioles 0.9–2.5(–5.3) mm long; blades 0.79–6.03 × 0.36–3.08 cm, generally narrowly ovate, sometimes ovate or lanceolate, coriaceous, slightly discolorous, often concolorous, abaxial surface green, adaxial surface dark green or green, base rounded, apex acute, venation acrodromous basal, secondary veins conspicuous; margins usually revolute or slightly revolute, rarely flat, usually entire, often pauciserrate, sometimes oligoserrate, rarely multiserrate, 1–9(–13) teeth, 0.1–1.4(–2) mm long, commonly along the middle, sometimes base to middle or middle to apex, rarely just in base; abaxial surface usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hirsute or sparsely scabridulous, rarely hispid, veins usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely scabridulous, rarely hispid or sparsely hirsute, glabrous or hispidulous, usually non-glandular, sometimes glandular-punctate, adaxial surface generally scabridulous, often glabrous. Capitulescence cymose dichasiform, slightly branched, axis 0–16.05(–24.05) mm long, 2–4 ramification orders, 2–14(–19) secondary branches; peduncle of capitulum 0.2–6.83(–9.55) cm long, usually pilose or hirsute, rarely puberulous, non-glandular, rarely glandular-punctate. Capitulum heterogamous, radiate. Involucre 5.9–11(–13) × 7.4–20 mm, generally hemispherical, often campanulate, rarely cylindrical; phyllaries 5-seriate, margins entire, conspicuously striate; outermost series of phyllaries foliaceous, green, usually scabridulous, sometimes glabrous, generally non-glandular, sometimes glandular-punctate; first series 4.5–7.2(–11.3) × 3.4–6 mm, usually shorter than involucre, rarely longer or equal, usually longer than second series, sometimes shorter, rarely equal, commonly very broadly ovate to ovate, sometimes broadly elliptic to narrowly elliptic, apex acute or obtuse, margins usually revolute or slightly revolute, sometimes flat, 3–6-veined; second series 5–6(–10.4) × 3.2–5.3 mm, generally broadly ovate or ovate, sometimes elliptic or narrowly ovate, apex usually obtuse, sometimes acute, margins usually entire, rarely pauciserrate, revolute, 6–14-veined; third series 4.8–8.1 × 4–6.2 mm, broadly ovate, ovate, suborbiculate, broadly elliptic or very broadly oblong, apex generally obtuse, sometimes rounded, margins usually entire, sometimes apex erose, flat, glabrous, scabridulous or sparsely scabridulous, usually non-glandular, sometimes sparsely glandular-punctate, commonly scarious, often apex foliaceous, greenish yellow or light yellow, often apex green, 10–12-veined; innermost series with margins flat, glabrous, scarious, greenish yellow or light yellow; fourth series 8.1–9.7 × (3.2–)3.4–4.7(–6.2) mm, usually oblong, sometimes obovate, narrowly obovate or narrowly oblong, apex rounded, 10–14-veined; fifth series 8.5–10.7 × (1.6–) 2.8–5.1 mm, generally narrowly oblong, often oblanceolate, sometimes narrowly obovate or obovate, apex usually rounded, rarely obtuse, 10–12-veined. Receptacle convex, holopaleaceous, with paleae 5.6–10 × 1–2 mm long, longer than corolla disc, narrow, generally narrowly oblong, often narrowly oblanceolate, rare narrowly elliptic, apex usually acuminate, rarely acute, concave, light yellow. Ray florets 8–20, pistillate, corolla liguliform, yellow, 9.9–17.5 mm long, tube 2.1–3.1 mm long, limb 7.7–14.5 × 2.5–4.2 mm, commonly narrowly oblong, sometimes elliptic, rarely very narrowly elliptic, apex acute, usually unlobed, rarely 2–3-lobed, 5–6-veined, abaxial surface usually sparsely glandular-punctate, rarely glandular-punctate, adaxial surface glabrous; style branches 1.0– 1.2 mm long, linear, yellow. Disc florets 45–85, monoclinous, corolla tubular, yellow, 4.25–7 mm long, tube 1.2–2.2 mm long, lobes 0.8–1.2 mm long, glabrous; anthers 2.5–2.8 mm long, light yellow, anther appendages apically ovate; style branches 0.8–1.1 mm long, linear, yellow. Cypselae 2.5–3 mm long, generally prismatic, sometimes obconic, nigrescent, ray cypselae 3-angled, disc cypselae 4-angled, glabrous, ribs sparsely pilose or pilose; pappus monotypic, monolength, free, formed by scales 10–14, 0.6–1.1 mm long, usually oblong, sometimes oblanceolate, apex obtuse or rounded, erose, margins entire.</p><p>Distribution, habitat and phenology</p><p>Calea myrtifolia occurs in Cerrado and the high-altitude grasslands of the Atlantic Forest exclusively in Minas Gerais (Bueno et al. 2023a) (Fig. 7); this occurrence is more restricted than previously recorded for this species (Pruski 2005). It inhabits cerrado rupestre, campo rupestre (Miola et al. 2021), riverine vegetation, wet grasslands associated with rock outcrops, sometimes floodable, and shrubby grasslands; at elevations of 950–1500 m. It species was collected flowering and fruiting throughout the year, but the highest number of collections is concentrated from January to March.</p><p>Informal conservation status</p><p>Endangered (EN) B2ab(ii,iii); C2a(i). Calea myrtifolia has an EOO of 254.329 km ² and an AOO of 268 km ². Like Calea marginata, C. myrtifolia has EOO and AOO indicating different threat categories, NT and EN, respectively. Interestingly, this species has an estimated AOO much larger than that of C. marginata, but a lower EOO due to fewer collection points. In addition to being restricted, formations of rupestrian grasslands and cerrado rupestre, as well as other formations associated with outcrops, are threatened by the impact of roads, accidental fire, and anthropic activity (Viana et al. 2005; Ribeiro et al. 2009; Miola et al. 2021; Pereira &amp; Fernandes 2022). Due to this, it is estimated that there will be severe fragmentation coupled with a decline in the area of occupancy (B condition a, b). Recent collections made by the author and other collectors indicate that each subpopulation has fewer than 250 individuals (C2 condition a(i)). Thus, we propose that this species should be considered Endangered.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Of late, Reis-Silva (2019) recommended the synonymization of C. myrtifolia var. paucidentata under C. myrtifolia, and more recently, Bueno (2023) also adopts the same criteria which is followed in this work. Among the eight species of C. subg. Meyeria, the one that most closely resembles C. myrtifolia is C. phyllolepis, and there were several identifications that confused one with the other. Together with C. subintegerrima and C. triantha, these form the most similar pairs of species within this subgenus.</p><p>Calea myrtifolia differs from C. phyllolepis by mainly entire leaves (vs mainly serrate), first series of phyllaries of 3.4–6 mm wide (vs 6.1–8.9 mm), generally shorter second series of 5–6 mm long (vs 6.1– 11.3 mm), and usually ovate outermost series (vs frequently elliptic). In addition, these two species are allopatric: C. myrtifolia is restricted to Minas Gerais State, in the northern part of their combined range, while C. phyllolepis occurs in Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, farther south (Fig. 7).</p><p>Another taxon that is also allopatric and is misidentified with C. myrtifolia is C. × parviantha (occurs in São Paulo and Paraná, Fig. 5; a distribution range intermediate between C. myrtifolia to the north and C. phyllolepis to the south). Much of the material collected of this nothospecies were misidentified as C. myrtifolia (Bueno et al. 2023a) . Calea myrtifolia differs from this nothospecies in having pilose or hirsute peduncles, rarely puberulous (vs hispid), second series of phyllaries of 5–6 mm long (vs 7–10.4 mm long), commonly broadly ovate to narrowly ovate shape, sometimes elliptic (vs obovate or pandurifom or broadly elliptic), usually third series of phyllaries with 10–12 veins (vs 6–10), frequently shorter disc corolla lobes of 0.8–1.2 mm long (vs 1–1.7 mm long), glabrous cypselae apex (vs pilose or densely pilose), and scales of pappus frequently shorter of 0.6–1.1 mm long (vs 1.1–3 mm long).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/691D87E6FF9C842DFDEFDC42FAEEFE93	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bueno, Vinícius R.;Gostel, Morgan R.;Heiden, Gustavo	Bueno, Vinícius R., Gostel, Morgan R., Heiden, Gustavo (2026): A taxonomic revision of Calea subgenus Meyeria (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae), endemic to the Southeast and South Brazilian open vegetation. European Journal of Taxonomy 1039: 116-164, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1039.3183, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3183/14145
691D87E6FF80842BFDE8DFF9FBF4F811.text	691D87E6FF80842BFDE8DFF9FBF4F811.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calea parvifolia (DC.) Baker (Baker 1884	<div><p>Calea parvifolia (DC.) Baker</p><p>Figs 2F, 7, 8A, C, E</p><p>Calea parvifolia (DC.) Baker (Baker 1884: 259–260) – Meyeria parvifolia DC. (Candolle 1836: 670–671) .</p><p>Type material</p><p>BRAZIL – São Paulo-Paraná • s.loc.; 1828–1829; fl., fr.; F. Sellow s.n.; V.R. Bueno det. 2021; lectotype: P [P02140753], designated in Bueno et al. 2025b; isolectotypes: B [destroyed] photo negative in F [244778]], G [G00456484] .</p><p>Selected material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Paraná • Balsa Nova, Ponte dos Arcos, próximo a Mata de Pinus; 2 Apr. 2019; fl. fr.; A.L. Christ et al. 646; V.R. Bueno det. 2021; ICN [203053] • Jaguariaíva, Fazenda Barros; 8 Feb. 1997; fl. fr.; O.S. Ribas 1617; V.R. Bueno det. 2021; E [83119], ESA [37427], FLOR [27993], MBM [208344], NY [784599], PEL [18221], SJRP [17738] • Tibagi, Guartelá, sítio Dona Júlia; 18 May 2014; fl., fr.; E.L. Siqueira 757; V.R. Bueno det. 2021; HCF [12765], MBM [391437]. – São Paulo • Itapeva, Estação Experimental; 23 Jun. 2009; fl., fr.; R. Cielo-Filho 896; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; SPSF [41742] .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs, rarely herbs, 0.15–1.5 m tall. Stems cylindrical, corrugate, puberulous, sparsely puberulent or puberulent, densely glandular-punctate, castaneous, internodes 3.5–20.2(–27) mm long. Leaves usually decussate, rarely decussate and whorled in the same stem, petiolate, petiole 0.5–2 mm long; blades 0.68– 2.51(–2.91) × 0.26–1.28(–2.3) cm, narrowly ovate or lanceolate, chartaceous, concolorous, green, base rounded, apex acute, venation reticulodromous, secondary veins conspicuous; margins entire, flat; abaxial surface generally densely glandular-punctate, sometimes glandular-punctate, adaxial surface usually glabrous, sometimes margins sparsely scabridulous, non-glandular. Capitulescence usually cymose dichasiform, rarely with a capitulum solitary, slightly or profusely branched, unbranched or axis up to 20.58(–29.42) mm long, 2–4 ramification orders, secondary branches 2–18(–28); peduncle of capitulum 0.1–3.39(–4.17) cm long, glabrescent, usually puberulous or sparsely hispid, rarely sparsely hirsute, densely glandular-punctate. Capitula heterogamous, radiate, with involucres 6–10.7 × 5.3–13.4 mm, commonly campanulate, often hemispherical, rarely cylindrical. Phyllaries 5-seriate, margins flat; outermost series with apex acute, generally glandular-punctate, often densely glandular-punctate, rarely scabridulous, foliaceous, base scarious, pale green or green, inconspicuously veined; first series (7.6–)8.7–9.9(–11.1) × 3–5.7 mm, usually as long as the involucre length or shorter, sometimes equal, generally longer than second series, sometimes shorter, rarely equal, generally elliptic, rarely narrowly elliptic, margins commonly pauciserrate, rarely entire, 4–6-veined; second series 7.6–10.9 × 3.9–5.1 mm, generally elliptic, sometimes narrowly obovate, obovate or broadly elliptic, apex usually acute, sometimes obtuse, margins pauciserrate, generally glandular-punctate, often densely glandular-punctate, rarely scabridulous, 6–8-veined; third series 8.8–10.3 × 3.7–6.4 mm, generally narrowly obovate or sometimes obovate, apex acuminate, rarely obtuse, margins usually pauciserrate, rarely entire, glabrous, apex commonly densely glandular-punctate, rarely puberulent, scarious, foliaceous, greenish yellow or green, conspicuously 8–12-veined; innermost series scarious, greenish yellow or yellow, margins entire, conspicuously veined; fourth series (7.8–)9–10.3(–10.7) × 3.2–4.6(–5.4) mm, generally narrowly oblong or oblanceolate, sometimes oblong or narrowly obovate, apex rounded or 2–4-lobulate, usually densely punctate or only the apex densely punctate, rarely glabrous, 10–12-veined; fifth series (8.1–)9–10.2 × 2.2–3.6(–4.8) mm, generally narrowly oblong, often narrowly obovate, sometimes oblanceolate, apex commonly rounded, sometimes obtuse, glabrous, 8–10-veined. Receptacles slightly convex, holopaleaceous, with paleae 5.6–10 × 1–2 mm long, usually longer than corolla disc length, rarely equal, narrowly elliptic, apex acute or long acuminate, concave, light yellow. Ray florets 10–18, pistillate, corolla liguliform, yellow, 12.5–17.6 mm long, tube 3–4.3 mm long, limb 9.3–13.5 × 2.6–3.8 mm, oblanceolate, rare broadly oblanceolate, apex 2–3-lobulate, 5–8-veined, abaxial surface densely generally glandular-punctate, sometimes glandular-punctate, adaxial surface glabrous; style branches 0.6–2 mm long, linear, yellow. Disc florets 35–70, monoclinous, corolla tubular, yellow, 5–7 mm long, tube 1.3–2.2 mm long, lobes 0.8–1.4 mm long, generally glandular-punctate, sometimes sparsely or densely glandular-punctate, yellow; anthers 2.3–3.2 mm long, light yellow, anther appendages apically ovate; style branches 0.8–1.4 mm long, linear, yellow. Cypselae 2.4–4.5 mm long, prismatic, nigrescent, ray cypselae 3-angled, disc cypselae 4-angled, glabrous, pilose or densely pilose, ribs sparsely pilose to densely pilose; pappus generally monotypic, often bitypic, monolength or bilength, free, scales 9–12 (with 1–6 of them distinctly longer, when present), mostly 1.1–2.3 mm long, longer 1.4–3 mm long (when present), generally oblanceolate, often oblong or elliptic, apex obtuse, rounded or acute, erose, margins entire.</p><p>Distribution, habitat and phenology</p><p>Calea parvifolia is endemic to southeastern Brazil in high-altitude grasslands of the Atlantic Forest of southern São Paulo and Paraná states (Fig. 7). This species inhabits mainly grasslands associated with rock outcrops, as well as wet grasslands, sometimes seasonally flooded, and riverine vegetation; at elevations of 800–1400 m. It is found with flowers and fruits throughout the year, and less frequent in July and August.</p><p>Informal conservation status</p><p>Vulnerable (VU) B2ab(i,ii,iv). Calea parvifolia has an EOO of 452.228 km ² and an AOO of 508 km ². Most of its EOO encompasses forest areas where the species does not occur, as C. parvifolia occurs mainly in grassland habitats within the APAED and in the same state parks as C. marginata (Parque Estadual do Guartelá, Parque Estadual Vila Velha, and Parque Estadual do Cerrado). The populations are fragmented (B condition a), and the conversion of grasslands to anthropic pastures (Harfouche et al. 2019) represents a continuing threat, leading to inferred decline in extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, and habitat quality (B condition b). Although C. parvifolia appears to be the most abundant species in the group based on herbarium records, its restricted range and ongoing habitat degradation justify classification as Vulnerable. Thus, we propose that this species should be considered Vulnerable.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This species is often misidentified as Calea marginata or C. myrtifolia, which are allopatric.</p><p>Calea parvifolia, compared with C. marginata and C. myrtifolia, shows corrugate and glandular-punctate stems (vs striate and non-glandular), reticulodromous venation leaf (vs acrodromous basal); inconspicuously veined outermost series of phyllaries (vs conspicuously striated), commonly longer first series 8.7–9.9 mm long (vs 4.9–7.2 mm), third series 8.8–10.3 mm long (vs 4.8–8.1 mm), narrowly obovate or obovate (vs broadly ovate, ovate, suborbiculate, broadly elliptic or broadly oblong); glandular-punctate disc corolla (vs non-glandular), usually with longer pappus scales of 1.1–3 mm long (vs 0.6–1 mm).</p><p>Calea parvifolia and C. phyllolepis are superficially morphologically similar allopatric species. The latter is endemic to southernmost Brazil (Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul states), while C. parvifolia is distributed further north, endemic to São Paulo and Paraná. Morphologically the two latter species can be differentiated by the corrugate glandular-punctate stems (vs striate and non glandular stems), abaxial surface leaf and peduncle glandular-punctate (vs non-glandular), leaf reticulodromous venation (vs acrodromous basal), leaf margins flat (vs slightly revolute); inconspicuously veined outermost series of phyllaries (vs conspicuously striateveined), first series ones 3–5.7 mm wide (vs 6.1–8.9 mm wide), and narrowly elliptic paleae (vs narrowly oblanceolate or narrowly oblong).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/691D87E6FF80842BFDE8DFF9FBF4F811	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bueno, Vinícius R.;Gostel, Morgan R.;Heiden, Gustavo	Bueno, Vinícius R., Gostel, Morgan R., Heiden, Gustavo (2026): A taxonomic revision of Calea subgenus Meyeria (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae), endemic to the Southeast and South Brazilian open vegetation. European Journal of Taxonomy 1039: 116-164, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1039.3183, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3183/14145
691D87E6FF858429FD0FDF59FE44F8FE.text	691D87E6FF858429FD0FDF59FE44F8FE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calea phyllolepis Baker	<div><p>Calea phyllolepis Baker</p><p>Figs 2I, 6B, D, F, 7</p><p>Calea phyllolepis Baker (Baker 1884: 260–261) .</p><p>Type material</p><p>BRAZIL – Rio Grande do Sul • s.loc.; fl., fr.; F.Sellow s.n.; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; neotype: K [000323167], designated by Bueno et al. 2025b .</p><p>Selected material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Rio Grande do Sul • Cambará do Sul, Serra do Faxinal, RS-427 próximo a divisa com Praia Grande; 8 Apr. 2019; fl., fr.; G. Heiden &amp; J.R.V. Iganci 2506; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; ECT [8983], ICN [203057], MBM [431444] • Campo Bom, bairro Mônaco; 19 Jan. 1999; fl., fr.; A. Knob &amp; S.A.L. Bordignon 5884; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; ICN [203058] • Osório, próximo à lagoa do Horácio; 1 Feb. 2020; fl., fr.; V.R. Bueno &amp; P.R. Bueno 113; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; ECT [9544], HUFU [81513], ICN [203011] . – Santa Catarina • Florianópolis, Base Aérea, Ilha de Santa Catarina; 17 Feb. 1975; fl., fr.; L.B. Smith et al. 16153; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; FLOR [6250], US [2825081] .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs 0.3–1.5 m tall. Stems cylindrical, striate, generally puberulous or puberulent, rarely sparsely hirsute, non-glandular, castaneous, with internodes 10–27.2(–53) mm long. Leaves decussate or decussate and whorled in the same stem, petiolate, petiole 0.9–3 mm long; blades 1.4–4.95 × 0.75–2.4(–2.55) cm, narrowly ovate, often ovate, sometimes lanceolate, coriaceous, usually discolorous, rarely concolorous, abaxial surface green, adaxial surface dark green, base rounded, apex commonly acute, rarely attenuate, venation acrodromous basal, secondary veins conspicuous; margins generally slightly revolute, sometimes revolute, thin, green, generally oligoserrate or pauciserrate, rarely entire or multiserrate, 1–11(–14) teeth, 0.3–1.5 mm long, commonly along the middle, sometimes base to middle or middle to apex or along the margins; abaxial surface generally glabrous, rarely veins sparsely puberulent, surface adaxial commonly glabrous, rarely margins sparsely scabridulous. Capitulescence cymose dichasiform, slightly branched to branched, axis 0–11.6(–22.85) mm long, 2 nd –3 rd order ramifications, rarely 4 th order, 2–12(–18) secondary stems; peduncle 0.45–8 cm long, commonly densely puberulous, sometimes puberulous, non-glandular. Capitulum heterogamous, radiate; involucre 5–10.3 × 7.7–14.7(–15.9) mm, usually hemispherical, often campanulate. Phyllaries 5-seriate, rarely 6-seriate, margins thin, conspicuously striate; outermost series of phyllaries apex generally obtuse, rarely acute, margins entire, generally flat, rarely slightly revolute, commonly glabrous, rarely glandular-punctate, foliaceous, green; first series 6.5–12.6(–14.4) × 6.1–8.9(– 9.4) mm, usually longer than involucre, sometimes shorter, rarely equal, commonly longer than second series, sometimes shorter, rarely equal, generally suborbiculate, often orbiculate, sometimes ovate to narrowly ovate or elliptic to widely elliptic, 6–10-striate; second series 6.1–11.3(–12.6) × 4.6–8.6(–9) mm, commonly suborbiculate to orbiculate, sometimes widely elliptic to elliptic or very widely oblong to oblong, 8–12-striate; third series 4.3–10.1 × (3.5–)4.1–5.8(–6.2) mm, usually very widely oblong to oblong, often widely ovate to ovate, rarely widely elliptic, apex generally obtuse, sometimes rounded, margins entire, flat, glabrous, commonly scarious, rarely apex foliaceous, generally greenish yellow to yellowish, rarely greenish yellow to green, 8–12-striate; innermost series of phyllaries margins entire, glabrous, scarious, greenish yellow to yellow; fourth series 5.2–11 × 3.2–5.1 mm, generally widely oblong or oblong, sometimes narrowly ovate or elliptic, apex commonly rounded, rarely obtuse, margins ciliate, 12–16-striate; fifth series 8.7–11.2 × 2.3–4.2(–5) mm, widely oblong to narrowly oblong or narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, apex rounded, 10–15-striate; sixth series 10.2–10.6 × 2.6–3.5(–5) mm, narrowly elliptic, apex rounded, 10–14-striate. Receptacle convex, holopaleaceous, paleae 6.5–9.7 × 0.9–1.8 mm long, usually longer than corolla disc, rarely shorter, narrowly oblanceolate or narrowly oblong, apex long acuminate, concave, light yellow. Ray florets 12–18, pistillate, corolla 12.6–18.8 mm long, liguliform, yellow, tube 1.8–3.8 mm long, limb 10.1–14.4 × 3.1–5.1(–5.7) mm, commonly oblanceolate, often narrowly oblong to oblong, sometimes widely oblanceolate, apex bilobed or 3-lobulate, 5–7-veined, abaxial surface glandular-punctate to sparsely punctate, adaxial surface glabrous; style branches 1–1.8mm long, linear, yellow. Disc florets 50–80, monoclinous, corolla 5.1–6.9 mm long, tubular, yellow, tube 1–2.2(–2.7) mm long, lobes (0.7–) 1–1.6 mm long, glabrous; anthers 2.4–3.3 mm long, light yellow, anther appendages apically ovate; style branches 1.2–1.6 mm long, linear, yellow. Cypselae 2.4–3.1 mm long, obconic, nigrescent, ray cypselae 3-angled, disc cypselae 4-angled, glabrous or sparsely pilose, ribs pilose or densely pilose; pappus monotypic, monolength or bilength, free, scales 10–14 (2–3 distinctly longer, when present), mostly 0.7–1.6 mm long, longer 1.3–2.2 mm long (when present), generally oblanceolate or oblong, rarely elliptic, apex commonly obtuse, sometimes acute, margins entire, apex erose.</p><p>Distribution, habitat and phenology</p><p>Calea phyllolepis occurs only in the Atlantic Forest from Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina (Fig. 7), this is an occurrence more restricted than previously considered for the species (Pruski 2005). It occurs in humid sites, riverine vegetation, and grasslands associated with rock outcrops. This is the species with the highest altitudinal variation of occurrence in the subgenus, as the specimens occur at elevations from 1–1005 m. Flowering and fruiting specimens were collected from August to May, but with a greater number of collections from November to April, highlighting the months of December, January, and February.</p><p>Informal conservation status</p><p>Endangered (EN) B2ab(ii,iii). Calea phyllolepis has an EOO of 36 750.818 km ² and an AOO of 336 km ². While the EOO suggests Near Threatened (NT), the AOO qualifies for Endangered (EN). Due to specimen records from Florianópolis, the EOO extends across much of the state of Santa Catarina, but the species has been found only in the densely populated state capital and on the border with Rio Grande do Sul. After 50 years without being found in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, the species was found again, collected by J. Paula-Souza 14215 (Appendix 1). The populations are fragmented (B condition a). Calea phyllolepis occurs in habitats, which are threatened by agriculture, urbanizations and forestry (Bond &amp; Parr 2010; Andrade et al. 2016), leading to a continuing decline inferred in area of occupancy and habitat quality (B condition b). Thus, we propose that this species should be considered Endangered.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The species that most resembles C. phyllolepis morphologically is C. myrtifolia, these have already been compared. Thus, we will compare here with C. marginata, this is the last species comparison within the Calea myrtifolia group.</p><p>Calea phyllolepis differs from C. marginata by striate stems (vs corrugate), ovate to lanceolate blade leaf (vs oblong to elliptic), rounded base (vs obtuse), conspicuous secondary veins (vs inconspicuous), thin and olivaceous margins (vs thick and white); commonly wider first series 6.1–8.9 mm wide (2.9–4.4 mm), conspicuously striate first series (vs inconspicuously), foliaceous second series of phyllaries (vs middle or ⅔ scarious), and suborbiculate to widely elliptic of second series (vs obovate to oblanceolate, pandurifom, ovate or oblong).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/691D87E6FF858429FD0FDF59FE44F8FE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bueno, Vinícius R.;Gostel, Morgan R.;Heiden, Gustavo	Bueno, Vinícius R., Gostel, Morgan R., Heiden, Gustavo (2026): A taxonomic revision of Calea subgenus Meyeria (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae), endemic to the Southeast and South Brazilian open vegetation. European Journal of Taxonomy 1039: 116-164, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1039.3183, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3183/14145
691D87E6FF848424FDA3D914FDA8FBC9.text	691D87E6FF848424FDA3D914FDA8FBC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calea pruskiana V. R. Bueno & G. Heiden (Bueno & Heiden 2022	<div><p>Calea pruskiana V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden</p><p>Fig. 2C, 9</p><p>Calea pruskiana V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden (Bueno &amp; Heiden 2022: 576) . – Meyeria pruskiana (V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden) Pruski (Pruski 2023: 98) .</p><p>Type material</p><p>BRAZIL – São Paulo • Campos do Jordão, Trilha do Rio Sapucaí, Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão; 4 Feb. 1988; fl., fr.; M.J. Robim &amp; J.P.M. Carvalho 530; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; holotype: UEC [101499]; isotype: SPSF [11784] .</p><p>Selected material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Minas Gerais • Delfim Moreira, estrada entre a fazenda Boa Esperança e a fazenda do Onça; 20 Mar. 2011; fl., fr.; A.L. Gasper et al. 2746; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; BHCB [147566], FURB [36216]. – São Paulo • Horto Florestal, trilha do Rio Sapucaí; 6 Jul. 1992; fl., fr.; E. Martins et al. 26471; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; UEC 69774 • Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão; 18 Mar. 1975; fl., fr.; L.E. Melo-Filho &amp; M. Emmerich 4090; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; R [136970] .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs, 0.45–1.3 m tall. Stems cylindrical, striate, densely or sparsely hispid, non-glandular, castaneous, with internodes 7.6–29.4 mm long. Leaves decussate, petiolate, petiole 0.7–2.8 mm long; blades 1.15– 2.43(–3.12) × 0.92–2.3 cm, generally broadly ovate, often ovate, sometimes very broadly ovate, coriaceous, green, commonly slightly discolorous, often concolorous, base subcordate, often rounded, apex generally acute, sometimes attenuate, venation acrodromous basal, secondary veins conspicuous; margins slightly revolute, thin, green, commonly oligoserrate, sometimes multiserrate, rarely pauciserrate, (3–)5–13 teeth, 0.5–2.4 mm long, usually along the margins, sometimes from the base to the middle; abaxial surface hispid, hispidulous or densely hispid, veins densely hispid or hispidulous, glandular-punctate or densely glandular-punctate, adaxial surface scabrid or glabrous, margins scabridulous, non-glandular. Capitulescence commonly cymose dichasiform, rarely solitary capitulum, generally slightly branched, sometimes branched, axis 1.74–7.68(–22.24) cm long, branching to 2 nd –3 rd order ramifications, rarely 4 th order, 2–10(–16) secondary stems; peduncle 0.17–6.84 cm long, commonly sparsely hispid to hispid, sometimes hispidulous, non-glandular. Capitulum heterogamous, radiate, involucrum 6.6–12 × 8.6– 14.8 mm, hemispherical or campanulate. Phyllaries 5-seriate, conspicuously striate, margins entire, thin; outermost series of phyllaries apex acute, foliaceous, green, 5–7-striate; first series of phyllaries 7.5–9.9 × 3.5–7.2 mm, shorter than or equal to involucre, longer or equal than second series, commonly elliptic, often widely elliptic, rarely lanceolate, margins entire, generally middle revolute, rarely apex revolute, commonly hispid to hispidulous, often puberulous to glabrescent, generally glandular-punctate, often sparse glandular-punctate; second series (5–)7.6–10 × 3.4–6.2 mm, commonly elliptic, often oblanceolate, apex obtuse, margins apex usually revolute, sometimes middle revolute, pubescent to puberulous or hispid to sparse hispidulous, commonly glandular-punctate, sometimes sparse glandular-punctate; third series 6.2–8.1 × 3.5–4.4 mm, oblong or ovate, apex obtuse, margins generally flat, often apex revolute, sparsely hispidulous or sparsely pubescent, glandular-punctate or non-glandular, foliaceous or scarious with apex foliaceous, green or yellowish green with green apex, 5–10-striate; innermost series scarious, yellowish green to yellow, glabrous, apex erose; fourth series 7–10.2 × 4.2–5.7 mm, commonly oblong to obovate, sometimes widely oblong, apex rounded or obtuse, 12–13-striate; fifth series 9–11.1 × 2.3–5 mm, usually obovate, sometimes oblanceolate, apex commonly rounded, often obtuse, 10–12-striate. Receptacle slightly convex, holopaleaceous; paleae 8.7–9.3 × 1.3–1.9 mm, longer than corolla disc, oblong to oblanceolate, apex long-acuminate, conduplicate, light yellow. Ray florets 10–15, pistillate, corolla liguliform, yellow, 14.7–17 mm long, tube 2.4–3.2 mm long, limb 11.5–14.3 × 3.5–5.7 mm, generally obovate, often oblong to lanceolate, apex commonly obtuse, sometimes 2–3-lobulate or rounded, 4–5 veins; abaxial surface commonly glandular-punctate, sometimes densely glandular-punctate, surface adaxial glabrous; style branches 1–1.2 mm long, yellow. Disc florets 40–50, monoclinous, corolla tubular, yellow, 5.3–6.7 mm long, tube 2–2.5 mm long, lobes 1.1–1.7 mm long, glabrous; anthers 2.8–3 mm long, light yellow, anther appendages apically ovate; style branches 1.2–1.5 mm long, linear. Cypselae 3.1–3.5 mm long, prismatic or obconical, nigrescent, ray cypselae 3-angled, disc cypselae 4-angled, glabrous to pilose, often sparsely pilose or glabrous, ribs densely pilose; pappus generally bitypic, sometimes monotypic, monolength and bilength, sometimes exclusively monolength, free, scales 10 (1–3 distinctly longer, when bilength), mostly 0.7–1.5 mm long, longer scales 1.3–2.5 mm long (when present), generally narrowly elliptic, often oblong or oblanceolate, apex obtuse or acuminate, margins entire, apex erose.</p><p>Distribution, habitat and phenology</p><p>Calea pruskiana occurs only in two municipalities: Campos do Jordão (São Paulo State) and Delfim Moreira (Minas Gerais State) in Southeastern Brazil (Fig. 9). It grows in high-elevation grasslands in the Atlantic Forest and is generally found in recently burned areas, along roadsides, riverine vegetation, and in humid soil; it occurs at elevations at 1400–1500 m. Calea pruskiana probably blooms and fructifies in the first semester, except May. February and March are the months with the highest number of materials collected.</p><p>Informal conservation status</p><p>Critically Endangered (CR) B1ab(iii). No new collections of C. pruskiana have been recorded since the original description (Bueno &amp; Heiden 2021), so the EOO of 39.135 km ² and the AOO of 24 km ² are maintained. Of these two, the suggested status due to the EOO value is adopted for the species. Of the eleven recorded collection points, six are from a protected area: Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão. However, the combination of agricultural activities, urbanization, and logging represents serious threats to this species (Bond &amp; Parr 2010; Andrade et al. 2016). The populations are severely fragmented (B condition a), and there is a continuing decline inferred in habitat quality (B condition b), particularly concerning given that this is the species with the smallest AOO in the group. Therefore, we propose that this species should be considered Critically Endangered.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Calea pruskiana is morphologically similar to C. triantha, but differs in the subcordate or rounded base (vs cordate); slightly branched capitulescence (vs profusely branched), mostly longer phyllaries: first series 7.5–9.9 mm long (vs 6–8 mm), second series 7.6–10 mm long (vs 5.1–7.8 mm), fifth series 9–11.1 mm long (6.6–8.2 mm), first series with apex acute (vs obtuse); and generally longer ray corolla 14.7–17 mm long (vs 8–13.6 mm).</p><p>Another similar species is C. subintegerrima; C. pruskiana is distinguished from it by abaxial surface leaf hispid to hispidulous or densely hispid (vs commonly glabrous, often strigose, rarely sparsely hispidulous); usually sparsely hispid to hispid, sometimes hispidulous to hispid peduncle (vs commonly strigose, often strigose to sparsely hispidulous), generally longer first series of phyllaries 7.5–9.9 mm long (vs 4.5–7.7 mm), with acute apex (vs generally rounded, sometimes obtuse), second series of phyllaries pubescent to puberulous or hispid to sparsely hispidulous (vs commonly sparsely strigose, often glabrous), frequently longer paleae 8.7–9.3 mm long (vs 5.5–8.4 mm); more ray florets per capitulum 10–15 (vs 6–10), cypselae 3.1–3.5 mm long (vs 2.4–2.9 mm), and densely pilose ribs (vs commonly hirsute, sometimes sparsely hirsute).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/691D87E6FF848424FDA3D914FDA8FBC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bueno, Vinícius R.;Gostel, Morgan R.;Heiden, Gustavo	Bueno, Vinícius R., Gostel, Morgan R., Heiden, Gustavo (2026): A taxonomic revision of Calea subgenus Meyeria (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae), endemic to the Southeast and South Brazilian open vegetation. European Journal of Taxonomy 1039: 116-164, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1039.3183, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3183/14145
691D87E6FF898423FE55DA3FFD2BFADE.text	691D87E6FF898423FE55DA3FFD2BFADE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calea subintegerrima (Malme) V. R. Bueno & G. Heiden	<div><p>Calea subintegerrima (Malme) V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden</p><p>Figs 2B, 9, 10B, D, F</p><p>Calea subintegerrima (Malme) V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden (Bueno &amp; Heiden 2022: 576) . – Calea hispida f. subintegerrima Malme (Malme 1933: 94) . – Meyeria subintegerrima (Malme) Pruski, (Pruski 2023: 99–100).</p><p>Type material</p><p>BRAZIL – Paraná • Jaguariaíva; 5 Feb. 1910; fl., fr.; P.H.K. Dusén 9187; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; lectotype: GH [H00589132], designated by Bueno &amp; Heiden 2021; isolectotypes: G [digital image!], GH [00222849], S [S-R-875] .</p><p>Selected material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Paraná • Balsa Nova, Ponte dos Arcos,; 29 Mar. 2005; fl., fr.; C. Kozera &amp; R. Kersten 1997; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; HCF [21741], MBM [335478] • Campo Largo, Serra de São Luís do Purunã; 7 Apr. 1946; fl., fr.; G. Hatschbach et al. 265; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; MBM [39764] • Tibagi, Parque Estadual do Guartelá; 30 Jan. 2015; fl., fr.; L.A. Souza 250; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; HUFU [70941]. – Santa Catarina • Campo Alegre, Serra do Quiriri; 13 Feb. 2021; fl., fr.; A.C. Scharmach &amp; F. Rudnick 1; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; ICN [203071] • Rodeio Grande; 10 Jan. 1992; fl., fr.; O.S. Ribas &amp; J. Cordeiro 423; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; MBM [149201], PEL [15575; UB [52190].</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs sometimes perennial herbs 0.45–1.3 m tall. Stems cylindrical, striate, generally sparsely hispidulous to hispid, sometimes sparsely hispid to glabrous, rarely sparsely strigose, non-glandular, castaneous or green, internodes 4.4–14.8(–19.1) mm long. Leaves decussate, petiole 0.4–1.9 mm long; blades 0.67–1.73 × 0.52–1.68(–1.92) mm, generally widely ovate, often very widely ovate, rarely ovate coriaceous, commonly discolorous or slightly discolorous, rarely concolorous, adaxial surface dark green, abaxial surface usually green, rarely green, base generally subcordate, often rounded, apex commonly acute, sometimes obtuse, venation acrodromous basal, secondary veins conspicuous; margins generally slightly revolute, sometimes revolute, thin, green, commonly pauciserrate, sometimes oligoserrate or entire, 1–10 teeth, 0.1–2.0 mm long, commonly from the base to middle, sometimes just in the middle; abaxial surface commonly glabrous, often strigose, rarely sparsely hispidulous, veins generally glabrous, sometimes strigose, rarely sparse hispidulous, densely glandular-punctate, adaxial surface glabrous, margins scabridulous, non-glandular. Capitulescence cymose dichasiform, slightly branched or branched, axis 0–9.54(–23.99) cm long, branching to 2–3 ramification orders, rarely to 5 orders, 2–9 secondary stems; peduncle 0.10–2.83 cm long, usually strigose, often strigose to sparsely hispidulous, commonly non-glandular, often glandular-punctate. Capitulum heterogamous, radiate, involucrum 5.5–11.4(–12.7) × 5.5–10.9(–13.8) mm, usually cylindrical, often campanulate. Phyllaries 5-seriate, margins thin, conspicuously striate, rarely inconspicuously striate; outermost series of phyllaries margins generally entire, rarely pauciserrate, densely glandular-punctate or glandular-punctate, foliaceous, green; first (innermost) series 4.5–7.7(–9.4) × 2.7–5.4(–7.8) mm, commonly shorter than involucre, rarely longer or equal, usually longer or equal than second series, sometimes shorter, generally obovate to narrowly obovate or widely elliptic, sometimes oblanceolate, rarely suborbicular, apex commonly obtuse, sometimes rounded, middle revolute or flat, commonly glabrous, sometimes sparsely strigose to glabrous, 6–8-striate; second series (4.7–)5.6–7.4(–8.4) × 2.7–6.3(–6.7) mm, usually panduriform, rarely oblong or widely oblong, apex commonly obtuse, often rounded, margins apex revolute or flat, generally sparsely strigose, often glabrous to strigose, 8–9-striate; third series 5–8.2 × 2.6–4.5(–6.8) mm, generally narrowly ovate, often ovate, rarely panduriform or widely oblong, apex obtuse, rarely rounded or attenuate or acute, margins entire, rarely apex revolute, glabrous, sometimes strigose, usually sparsely to densely glandular-punctate in apex, sometimes densely punctate or non-glandular, commonly foliaceous or scarious with apex foliaceous, sometimes scarious, green or yellowish green with apex green, conspicuously striate, 8–10-striate; innermost series margins entire, glabrous, scarious, yellowish green; fourth series 5.8– 10 × (2.1–)2.6–4.1(–5.6) mm, generally narrowly ovate, sometimes oblong to obovate, apex commonly rounded, sometimes obtuse, 10–13-striate; fifth series 6.8–9.5(–10) × 1.4–3(–4.4) mm, generally narrowly oblong or oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, rarely lanceolate, apex commonly rounded or obtuse, sometimes acute, 8–10-striate. Receptacle slightly convex, holopaleaceous; paleae 5.5–8.4(–9.2) × 0.8– 2.1 mm, usually longer than corolla disc, rarely equal, commonly narrowly oblanceolate, rarely narrowly oblong, apex long-acuminate, generally concave, sometimes conduplicate, light yellow. Ray florets 6–10, pistillate, corolla liguliform, yellow, 9.5–13.1 mm long, tube 1.6–2.3(–3.5) mm long, limb 7.8–11.5 × 2.5–4.9(–7) mm, commonly obovate or narrowly obovate, rarely narrowly elliptic or widely oblong, apex generally 3–4-lobulate, often rounded, sometimes obtuse or acuminate, 5–7 veins, abaxial surface commonly glandular-punctate, often sparsely glandular-punctate, adaxial surface glabrous; style branches 0.8–1.6 mm long, linear, yellow. Disc florets 15–45, monoclinous, corolla tubular, 4.2–7.3(–7.9) mm long, tube 1.3–2.3(–2.9) mm long, lobes 1–1.9 mm long, glabrous; anthers (2.1–)2.4–2.9(–3.4) mm long, light yellow, anther appendages apically ovate; style branches 1–1.2 mm long, linear, light yellow. Cypselae 2.4–2.9 mm long, prismatic or obconical, nigrescent, ray cypselae 3-angled, disc cypselae 4-angled, faces generally glabrous, sometimes sparsely hirsute or hirsute, ribs commonly hirsute, sometimes sparsely hirsute; pappus generally monotypic, often bitypic, commonly monolength, sometimes bilength and monolength, rarely exclusively bilength, free, scales 10–14 (1–3 distinctly longer, when bilength), mostly 0.6–2.2 mm long, longer scales 1.7–4.5 mm long (when present), usually oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, sometimes oblong, apex commonly obtuse, sometimes acute, margins entire, apex erose.</p><p>Distribution, habitat and phenology</p><p>Calea subintegerrima occurs in southeastern Paraná and in northeastern Santa Catarina (Fig. 9). It grows in high-elevation grasslands of the Atlantic Forest and is mostly found in open grasslands, anthropized areas, riverine vegetation, hillsides, rock outcrops, and in kaolin deposits; at elevations of 850–1360 m. Calea subintegerrima was found flowering and fruiting from November to April, mostly January to March with single collections in the other months.</p><p>Informal conservation status</p><p>Endangered (EN) B2ab(iii). Calea subintegerrima has an EOO of 13 512.842 km ² and an AOO that has increased by 4 km ² since Bueno &amp; Heiden (2022a), now totaling 96 km ². As with other taxa from the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina, the estimated EOO includes extensive forest areas where the species does not occur, making the AOO a more accurate indicator of the speciesʼ range and threat status. Only 40% of the specimens were collected within protected areas (Área de Proteção Ambiental Campos do Quiriri, Reserva Florestal Passa Dois, Parque Estadual do Guartelá, and Parque Estadual do Monge). The populations are severely fragmented (B condition a), and due to the anthropic pressures common to grassland areas (Harfouche et al. 2019), there is a continuing decline inferred in habitat quality (B condition b). Thus, we propose that C. subintegerrima should be considered Endangered.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Calea subintegerrima is morphologically similar to C. triantha, and they are distinguished by subcordate to rounded leaf base (vs cordate); generally strigose peduncle, sometimes strigose to hispidulous (vs hispid to hispidulous), glandular-punctate peduncle (vs non-glandular), branched or slightly branched capitulescence (vs profusely branched), first series of phyllaries commonly glabrous, sometimes sparse strigose to glabrous (vs commonly hispidulous to glabrescent, rarely scabrid), second series of phyllaries generally panduriform, rarely oblong or widely oblong (vs generally oblanceolate, sometimes widely ovate or elliptic), 8–9 striate (vs 4–6).</p><p>When compared to C. funkiana, C. subintegerrima can be distinguished by hispidulous to hispid to glabrous (vs villose), generally glabrous or strigose, rarely sparsely hispidulous abaxial surface leaf (vs villose); strigose to sparsely hispidulous peduncle (vs villose), outermost series of phyllaries with apex rounded or obtuse (vs acute or attenuate), second series of phyllaries panduriform or oblong (vs widely elliptic or ovate to deltoid), third series of phyllaries 8–10 striate (vs 4–6), paleae commonly shorter 5.5–8.4 mm long (vs 9–10.5 mm); ray floret corolla frequently shorter 9.5–13.1 mm long (13–16 mm), and cypselae angles hirsute (vs densely pilose).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/691D87E6FF898423FE55DA3FFD2BFADE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bueno, Vinícius R.;Gostel, Morgan R.;Heiden, Gustavo	Bueno, Vinícius R., Gostel, Morgan R., Heiden, Gustavo (2026): A taxonomic revision of Calea subgenus Meyeria (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae), endemic to the Southeast and South Brazilian open vegetation. European Journal of Taxonomy 1039: 116-164, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1039.3183, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3183/14145
691D87E6FF8E8421FDF4DB35FC1DFAC6.text	691D87E6FF8E8421FDF4DB35FC1DFAC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calea triantha (Vell.) Pruski	<div><p>Calea triantha (Vell.) Pruski</p><p>Figs 2D, 4, 10A, C, E</p><p>Calea triantha (Vell.) Pruski (Pruski 2005: 2027) . – Aster trianthus Vell. (Vellozo 1831: t. 120). – Meyeria triantha (Vell.) Pruski (Pruski 2023: 101) .</p><p>Meyeria hispida DC. (Candolle 1836: 671) . – Calea hispida (DC.) Baker (Baker 1884: 261) .</p><p>– Type: BRAZIL – São Paulo • between Mogi das Cruzes and São Paulo; Nov. 1833; P. Lund 866; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; lectotype: G [00456737], designated by Pruski 2005; isolectotypes: C [10007027], S [S-R-3508] .</p><p>Type material</p><p>BRAZIL – São Paulo • Cunha; 1827; fl., fr.; J. Velloso s.n.; lectotype: Vellozo 1831: t. 120 [photo!], designated by Pruski 2005 .</p><p>Selected material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Minas Gerais • Poços de Caldas, Campo do Saco; 12 Feb. 1965; fl., fr.; M. Emmerich 2381; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; RB [RB00395895] . – Paraná • Campo Largo, fazenda Thalia; 8 Mar. 1998; fl., fr.; W. Amaral 22; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; MBM [384546] . – Santa Catarina • Lages, salto Caveira; 29 Jan. 2015; fl., fr.; R. Mello-Silva 3765; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; ICN [203081], SP [474024], SPF [217565] • Campos do Jordão, vale do rio Coxim, areal; 17 Mar. 1964; fl., fr.; J. Correa Gomes Jr. 1620; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; SP [77748], UB [5499] .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs 0.4–2 m tall. Stems cylindrical, striate, usually hispid, sometimes sparsely or densely hispid, non-glandular, castaneous, internodes 7.4–36.5(–40.2) mm long. Leaves decussate, petiole 0.7–2.3(– 4.45) mm long; blades 0.7–2.93(–3–3.44) × 0.66–2.85(–3.02) cm, generally very widely ovate, often widely ovate, coriaceous, generally slightly discolorous, sometimes concolorous, green, base cordate, apex commonly obtuse, venation acrodromous basal, secondary veins conspicuous; margins revolute, thin, green, commonly oligoserrate, sometimes pauciserrate or multiserrate, rarely entire, 1–12(–15) teeth, 0.4–3.7 mm long, usually from the base to middle, often along the margins, rarely just in middle; surface abaxial generally hispid, rarely densely hispid or hispidulous, veins hispidulous to hispid, densely glandular-punctate or glandular-punctate, surface adaxial glabrous to scabrid or scabrid, non-glandular. Capitulescence cymose dichasiform, profusely branched or branched, axis 1.2–45.7(–47.5) mm long, branching to 2–4(–5) ramification orders, 4–26(–32) secondary stems; peduncle 0.2–4.81(–6.3) cm long, usually hispid or hispidulous, rarely puberulous, non-glandular. Capitulum radiate, heterogamous, involucre 7.1–12.7 × (5.1–) 8.1–15 mm, commonly campanulate, often hemispherical, sometimes cylindrical. Phyllaries 5-seriate, margins thin, conspicuously striate; outermost series foliaceous, green, 4–6-striate; first series of phyllaries 5.5–7.7 × 3.5–5.8 mm, generally shorter, rarely longer than involucre, generally longer than second series, sometimes equal or shorter, commonly ovate, sometimes very widely ovate or widely elliptic, rarely elliptic, apex obtuse, margin entire, revolute or apex revolute, usually hispidulous, sometimes hispidulous to glabrescent, rarely scabrid, glandular–punctate or non-glandular; second series 5.1–7.8 × (2.1–) 3–5.5 mm, commonly oblanceolate, sometimes suborbiculate or widely ovate or elliptic, apex generally obtuse, rarely rounded, margin entire, apex revolute, generally hispidulous, sometimes glabrescent, glandular punctate or non-glandular; third series 5.1–7.9 × (2.3–) 3.2– 4.5 mm, ovate to oblong, apex rounded or obtuse, margin entire, flat, glabrous or sparsely hispidulous, non-glandular, scarious or scarious with apex foliaceous, yellowish green to yellow or yellowish green to green, 8–10-striate; innermost series margin entire, glabrous, scarious, yellowish green to yellow, 10-12-striate; fourth series 6.5–8.5(–9.5) × 2.6–5 mm, generally oblong, rarely elliptic or oblanceolate, apex usually rounded, sometimes obtuse; fifth series 6.6–8.2(–9.3) × 1.8–3.1(–4.2) mm, oblong to oblanceolate, apex generally rounded, rarely obtuse. Receptacle convex, holopaleceous, paleae 5.9–8.9 × 1.2–1.8 mm, longer than corolla disc, oblong, apex long acuminate, conduplicate, yellow. Ray florets 6–13, pistillate, corolla liguliform, yellow, (7.7–)8–13.6(–15.6) mm long, tube 1.7–2.8 mm long, limb 6–13.2 × 2.6–6.7 mm, obovate or oblong, apex commonly rounded, rarely obtuse or 2-lobulate, five veins, surface abaxial glandular-punctate, surface adaxial glabrous, yellow; style branches 0.8–1.2, linear. Disc florets 25–50, monoclinous, corolla tubular, yellow, (4.3–)4.5–5.1(–6.5) mm long, tube 1.1–2.3 mm long, lobes 0.8–1.5 mm long, glabrous; anthers 2.1–2.8 mm long, yellow, anther appendages apically ovate; arms of style 1–1.2 mm long, linear, yellow. Cypselae 2–3.5 mm long, prismatic or obconic, nigrescent, ray cypselae 3–angled, disc cypselae 4–angled, glabrous or glabrous to hirsute or glabrous to pilose, angles usually densely pilose, often hirsute, sometimes glabrous to pilose; pappus monotypic, monolength, free, scales 10–15, 0.7–1.4(–2) mm long, oblong to oblanceolate, apex obtuse, margin entire, apex erose.</p><p>Distribution, habitat and phenology</p><p>Calea triantha occurs in Brazil from the states of Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, and Minas Gerais (Fig. 4), mainly in grassland patches in the Atlantic Forest, but some specimens from southwest Minas Gerais grow in Cerrado habitats. This species can be considered the one with the widest range of distribution in the subgenus with 860 km in a straight line from the southernmost to the northernmost register. Calea triantha inhabits grasslands associated with rock outcrops, anthropic grasslands, and rarely moist sites. It is found at elevations between 730–1420 m. Calea triantha was found flowering and fruiting throughout the year, but most specimens are collected from December to March.</p><p>Informal conservation status</p><p>Vulnerable (VU) B2ab(iii). Calea triantha has an AOO of 800 km ² and an EOO of 363 227.899 km ². As with other species in this study, the EOO of C. triantha encompasses extensive forest areas where the species does not occur, as well as coastal strips and marine areas, making the EOO value misleading. This species occurs throughout practically the entire distribution of the subgenus, except for Rio Grande do Sul, and therefore faces all the threats already discussed in this article. The populations are severely fragmented (B condition a), and there is a continuing decline inferred in habitat quality (B condition b). Thus, we propose that C. triantha should be considered Vulnerable.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>All four species of the Calea triantha group have been compared with each other previously. Therefore, here we will point out the differences between C. triantha with C. parvifolia, the parental species of C. × parviantha (Bueno et al. 2023a) and compare it with the hybrid.</p><p>Calea triantha can be distinguished from C. parvifolia by striate and non-glandular stems (vs corrugate and glandular-punctate), cordate base leaf (vs rounded), acrodromous venation leaf (vs reticulodromous venation), hispid or hispidulous abaxial surface leaf (vs generally glabrous, rarely puberulous); non-glandular peduncle (vs glandular-punctate), first series of phyllaries with obtuse apex (vs acute), third series of phyllaries 5.1–7.9 mm long (8.8–10.3 mm), ovate to oblong (vs narrowly obovate to obovate); ray florets tube 1.7–2.8 mm long (vs 3–4.3 mm), and disc florets corolla non-glandular (vs glandular-punctate).</p><p>Calea triantha can be differentiated from C. × parviantha by commonly very widely ovate, sometimes widely ovate, rarely ovate blade leaf (vs generally ovate or narrowly ovate, rarely widely ovate), cordate base leaf (vs generally rounded, sometimes subcordate), usually obtuse apex (vs generally acute apex, rarely obtuse); conduplicate pealeae (vs concave); pappus scales monotypic (vs commonly monotypic, often bitypic), and pappus scales 0.8–1.3 mm long (vs 1.1–2.7 mm).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/691D87E6FF8E8421FDF4DB35FC1DFAC6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bueno, Vinícius R.;Gostel, Morgan R.;Heiden, Gustavo	Bueno, Vinícius R., Gostel, Morgan R., Heiden, Gustavo (2026): A taxonomic revision of Calea subgenus Meyeria (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae), endemic to the Southeast and South Brazilian open vegetation. European Journal of Taxonomy 1039: 116-164, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1039.3183, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3183/14145
691D87E6FF8C841CFE42DB2FFB48F99C.text	691D87E6FF8C841CFE42DB2FFB48F99C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calea malmeana V. R. Bueno & G. Heiden 2026	<div><p>Calea × malmeana V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden nothosp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77372517-1</p><p>Fig. 5, 11</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Calea × malmeana nothosp. nov. is intermediate morphologically compared to the parents ( Calea marginata and C. parvifolia), it is distinct from C. marginata by glandular-punctate stems, peduncle, and disc floret corolla (vs non-glandular) and reticulodromous venation leaf (vs acrodromous basal). It can be individualized from C. parvifolia by inconspicuous secondary venation leaf (vs conspicuous), white margin leaf and of outermost series of phyllaries (vs green).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The epithet honors Gustaf Oskar Andersson Malme (1864–1937), a Swedish botanist who served as curator at the Museum of Natural History in Stockholm, and who made two important collecting expeditions through Brazil. In addition, he published over 120 names for Asteraceae (Tropicos 2025) and published a paper on Calea (Malme 1933), where he recorded the hybrid nature of some species, without formally describing them.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Type BRAZIL – Paraná • Ponta Grossa, Fortaleza, in subpaludosis; 26 Feb. 1910; fl., fr.; P.K.H. Dusén 9553 a; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; holotype: S [17-26715] .</p><p>Paratypes BRAZIL – Paraná • Jaguariaíva, Lago Azul; 5 Mar. 2006; fl., fr.; E. Barbosa &amp; E.F. Costa 1293; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; CESJ [48441], FURB [7023], MBM [318471] • Ponta Grossa, formador do Rio Tibagi, cruzamento BR-376; 31 Jan. 1999; fl., fr.; S.R. Ziller et al. 1722; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; EFC [8779], MBM [242494] • Palmeira, Rio dos Papagaios; 7 May 1981; fl., fr.; L.T. Dombrowski et al. 12761; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; MBM [300633] .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs 0.5–1.5 m tall. Stems cylindrical, corrugate, glabrous to densely scabridulous or sparsely hispidulous, densely glandular-punctate or glandular-punctate, castaneous, internodes 10.9–27.6(– 34.4) mm long. Leaves decussate, petiole 0,9– 2.3 mm long; blades 1.3–3.97 × 0.4–1.1 cm, commonly lanceolate, often narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblong, chartaceous, generally concolorous, often slightly discolorous, usually green, often surface adaxial dark green, base generally obtuse, rarely rounded, apex acute or obtuse, venation reticulodromous, secondary veins inconspicuous; margins generally slightly revolute or revolute, sometimes flat, entire, generally thin, rarely thickened, white; abaxial surface densely punctate, surface adaxial generally glabrous, rarely sparsely strigose. Capitulum usually solitary, rarely capitulescence cymose dichasiform, slightly branched, axis 0–2.74 mm long, branching to 2 nd ramification order, 2–4 secondary stems; peduncle 0.8–4.1 cm long, sparsely hispidulous to hispidulous or hispid to densely hispid, sparsely glandular-punctate or densely glandular-punctate. Capitulum heterogamous, radiate; involucre 8.3–13 × 11.1–15.1 mm, campanulate or hemispherical. Phyllaries 5-seriate; outermost series of phyllaries apex obtuse, margins apex slightly revolute, generally entire, rarely pauciserrate, white, usually inconspicuously striate, sometimes conspicuously; first series 10.5–12.3 × 3–4.8(–6.6) mm, commonly longer than involucre, often shorter, longer than second series, generally narrowly elliptic, sometimes panduriform or obovate, usually sparsely glandular-punctate, sometimes glandular-punctate, rarely glandular-foveate, foliaceous, green, 2–4-striate; second series 9.8–11.5 × 3.8–4.8(–6.5) mm, generally narrowly elliptic or panduriform, sometimes obovate, margins rarely flat, usually sparsely glandular-punctate, rarely glandular-foveate, middle foliaceous, greenish yellow to green, 4–8-striate; third series 9–10.3 × 5–5.8 mm, generally widely oblong to oblong, rarely ovate, apex obtuse, margins entire or pauciserrate, green, apex slightly generally revolute or revolute, rarely flat, apex sparsely glandular-punctate, middle foliaceous, greenish yellow to green, 6–10-striate, generally inconspicuously striate, sometimes conspicuously; innermost series of phyllaries apex rounded, margins entire, thin, flat, apex erose, sparsely glandular-punctate, conspicuously striate; fourth series 9.4–10.5 × 5.3–7.1 mm, oblong to obovate, apex acuminate, generally scarious, sometimes apex foliaceous, usually greenish yellow to yellow, sometimes apex green, 10–15-striate; fifty series 9.8–11.5 × 3.5–4.8 mm, oblong to oblanceolate, scarious, greenish yellow to yellow, 10–12-striate. Receptacle slightly convex, holopaleaceous, paleae 7.8–9.1 × 1–2.2 mm long, longer than corolla disc, narrowly oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, apex long acuminate, concave or conduplicate, light yellow. Ray florets 12–15, pistillate, corolla 15–20.5(–22.3) mm long, liguliform, yellow, tube 3.1–4.3 mm long, limb 11.8–18.5 × 2.4–4.9 mm, generally narrowly oblong, often oblanceolate, apex generally 2–4-lobulate, often obtuse or rounded, 5–6-veined, abaxial surface densely glandular-punctate, adaxial surface glabrous; style branches 0.9–1.6 mm long, linear, yellow. Disc florets 30–50, monoclinous, corolla tubular, yellow, 5–7.1 mm long, tubular, tube 1.5–2.3 mm long, lobes 0.9–1.6 mm long, sparsely glandular-punctate to densely glandular-punctate; anthers 2.7–3.2 mm long, light yellow, anther appendages apically ovate; style branches 0.8–1.4 mm long, linear, yellow. Cypselae 3.3–3.9 mm long, prismatic, nigrescent, ray cypselae 3-angled, disc cypselae 4-angled, generally glabrous to pilose, sometimes glabrous or pilose, ribs usually pilose to densely pilose, sometimes densely hirsute; pappus bitypic, monolength and bilength, free, scales 8–15 (1–3 distinctly longer), mostly 0.6–1.6 mm long, longer 0.9–2.2 mm long, oblanceolate or oblong, longer elliptic, apex commonly obtuse or rounded, sometimes acuminate, margins entire, apex erose.</p><p>Distribution, habitat and phenology</p><p>This natural hybrid was only collected five times in Paraná (Fig. 5), being the taxon with the lowest number of records of Calea subg. Meyeria . This nothospecies grows in Atlantic Forest grasslands in riverine vegetation, but not in moist sites. Calea × malmeana nothosp. nov. flowers and fruits from January to May.</p><p>Informal conservation status</p><p>Critically Endangered (CR) B2ab(iii); C; D. While hybrids are typically not evaluated for conservation status, this nothospecies has been documented over a 100-year period, suggesting it represents a recurrent or stable hybrid taxon. The species has an EOO of 824 km ² and an AOO of 16 km ². Due to its hybrid nature, conservation of this nothospecies requires protection of both the hybrid individuals and their parent species populations, compounding the conservation challenges. The populations are severely fragmented (B condition a), and there is a continuing decline inferred in habitat quality (B condition b), with threats similar to those affecting other grassland species in the region. In the most recent record of nothospecies in nature, botanists estimate having seen fewer than 50 mature individuals (R.T. DallʼAgnol, pers. com.). Thus, we propose that this nothospecies should be considered Critically Endangered.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Malme (1933) was the first to record the hybrid nature of Calea × malmeana nothosp. nov., but as previously mentioned, he did not formally describe it. We studied the specimens suggested by Malme (1933), as well as others that we added here and concluded that these specimens are indeed from a nothospecies that co-occurs with its parental species. This new nothospecies can be differentiated from the parental species by different characters that will be explained below.</p><p>This nothospecies is distinct from C. marginata by glandular-punctate stems and peduncle (vs non-glandular), reticulodromous venation leaf (vs acrodromous basal); first series of phyllaries with obtuse apex (vs rounded or truncate); disc floret corolla glandular-punctate (vs glabrous), and commonly longer cypselae 3.3–3.9 mm long (2.3–3.4 mm).</p><p>Calea × malmeana nothosp. nov. can be distinguished from C. parvifolia by inconspicuous secondary venation leaf (vs conspicuous), white margin leaf and of outermost series of phyllaries (vs green); first series of phyllaries with obtuse apex (vs acute), and slightly revolute apex (vs flat).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/691D87E6FF8C841CFE42DB2FFB48F99C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bueno, Vinícius R.;Gostel, Morgan R.;Heiden, Gustavo	Bueno, Vinícius R., Gostel, Morgan R., Heiden, Gustavo (2026): A taxonomic revision of Calea subgenus Meyeria (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae), endemic to the Southeast and South Brazilian open vegetation. European Journal of Taxonomy 1039: 116-164, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1039.3183, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3183/14145
691D87E6FFB1841AFD96D8F4FD9BF811.text	691D87E6FFB1841AFD96D8F4FD9BF811.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calea parviantha V. R. Bueno & G. Heiden (Bueno & Heiden 2023	<div><p>Calea × parviantha V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden.</p><p>Figs 2E, 5, 8B, D, F</p><p>Calea × parviantha V.R.Bueno &amp; G.Heiden (Bueno &amp; Heiden 2023: 149) .</p><p>Type material</p><p>BRAZIL – Paraná • Jaguariaíva, campo próximo à ponte do Rio das Mortes, PR-151; 16 Dec. 1991; fl., fr.; A.C. Cervi et al. 3546; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; holotype: MBM [161398]; isotypes: CGMS [44616], CPAP [10996], UPCB [33501] .</p><p>Selected material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Paraná • Balsa nova, Ponte dos Arcos; 7 Dec. 2005; fl., fr.; C. Kozera 2688; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; MBM [335464] • Jaguariaíva, campo próximo à ponte do Rio das Mortes - PR 151; 16 Dec. 1991; fl., fr.; A.C. Cervi et al. 3546; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; CGMS [44616], MBM [161398], UPCB [33501] • Tibagi, Parque Estadual Canyon Guartelá; 10 Feb. 1997; V.F. Kinupp et al. 273; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; FUEL [28973], HUPG [10062] • São Paulo, Itapeva, Estação Ecológica de Itapeva; 18 Aug. 1995; fl., fr.; V.C. Souza et al. 8732; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; SP [287786] • Itararé, Gruta da Barreira; 4 Dec. 1984; fl., fr.; C. Muller et al. 5994; V.R. Bueno det. 2023; FUEL [5994] .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs 0.2–1.2 m tall. Stems cylindrical, striate, generally hispid, often sparsely hispid, rarely densely hispid or hispidulous to hispid or glabrous, generally non-glandular, rarely glandular-punctate, castaneous, internodes 5.4–32.7 mm long. Leaves decussate, petiole 0.5–2.2 mm long; blades 0.78–2.57 × 0.42– 1.59 cm, generally ovate or narrowly ovate, rarely widely ovate, coriaceous, usually concolorous, sometimes slightly discolorous or discolorous, commonly green, sometimes surface abaxial dark green, base usually rounded, sometimes subcordate, apex generally acute, rarely obtuse, venation generally acrodromous basal with reticulate secondaries or acrodromous basal, rarely acrodromous suprabasal, secondary veins conspicuous; margins commonly revolute, often slightly revolute, generally pauciserrate, often entire, sometimes oligoserrate, rarely multiserrate, 1–12(–14) teeth, 0.1–1.3(–2) mm long, usually distributed from the base to middle, sometimes absent or just in the middle, rarely along the margins; abaxial surface generally hispidulous, often glabrous, sometimes hispid, veins usually hispid to hispidulous or hispidulous, sometimes without tector trichomes, generally densely glandular-punctate, often glandular-punctate, adaxial generally surface scabridulous, often sparsely scabridulous with margin scabridulous, sometimes glabrous to scabridulous, non-glandular. Capitulescence generally cymose dichasiform, sometimes capitula solitary, profusely branched or branched, axis 0–14.56(–30.3) cm long, branching to 2 nd –3 rd ramifications, rarely 4–5 ramification orders, 2–14(–18) secondary stems, peduncle 0.1– 3.55(–4.15) cm long, hispid, usually non-glandular, rarely glandular-punctate. Capitulum heterogamous, radiate, involucrum 5.8–9.7 × 6.8–13.6 mm, generally campanulate, sometimes hemispherical. Phyllaries 5-seriate, margins thin; outermost series of phyllaries margins usually entire, sometimes pauciserrate, generally hispid to hispidulous, sometimes glabrous or hispidulous, densely glandular-punctate or glandular-punctate, commonly foliaceous, sometimes foliaceous with base scarious, generally green, sometimes green with base yellowish green, conspicuously or inconspicuously striate; first series 6.6– 10.2 × (3–)3.9–4.7(–5.7) mm, generally longer than involucre, often shorter, longer or equal or shorter than second series, generally widely elliptic or narrowly obovate, sometimes elliptic, rarely oblanceolate, apex acute or obtuse, usually middle revolute, often revolute, 4–6-striate; second series 7–10.4 × 3.1– 5.7(–7.5) mm, obovate or widely elliptic or panduriform, apex generally obtuse, often acute, apex revolute, rarely middle revolute, 4–8-striate; third series 5.5–9.7 × 2.7–4.8 mm, generally oblong or narrowly ovate, sometimes narrowly obovate, apex commonly obtuse, sometimes rounded, rarely acuminate, margins entire, apex revolute or flat, apex generally sparsely hispid or pilose, sometimes without tector trichomes, apex usually densely glandular-punctate, often apex glandular-punctate, rarely glandular-punctate, commonly scarious with apex foliaceous, sometimes scarious, yellowish green to green or yellowish green, conspicuously or inconspicuously striate, 6–10-striate; innermost series generally glabrous, sometimes apex glandular-punctate, scarious, yellowish green to light yellow, conspicuously striate; fourth series 7.2–9.9 × 3.5–4.7 mm, generally oblong, sometimes narrowly obovate, apex rounded, margins generally entire, sometimes apex erose, 10–15-striate; fifth series 7.4–10.9 × 2.3–3.9 mm, usually narrowly oblong or oblanceolate, sometimes narrowly elliptic, apex commonly rounded, sometimes obtuse, margins entire, 8–12-striate. Receptacle slightly convex, holopaleaceous, paleae 7–9 mm long, generally longer than disc corolla, rarely equal, generally narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, sometimes narrowly oblanceolate, apex long acuminate, concave, light yellow. Ray florets 8–15, pistillate, corolla liguliform, yellow, (8.3–)9.3–14.2(–16.4) mm long, tube 1.5–3.8 mm long, limb 5.9–12.6 × (1.8–) 3.2– 4.6 mm, generally narrowly obovate, often narrowly elliptic to elliptic or narrowly oblong or oblanceolate, apex generally rounded, sometimes 2–4 lobulate, rarely obtuse, 5–7 veins, surface abaxial generally densely glandular-punctate, sometimes glandular-punctate, surface adaxial glabrous; style branches 0.7– 1.5 mm long, linear, yellow. Disc florets 30–55, monoclinous, corolla tubular, yellow, 4.4–7 mm long, tube 1.3–2.6 mm long, lobes 1–1.7(–2.1) mm long, usually sparsely glandular-punctate or glabrous, rarely glandular-punctate; anthers (2.3–) 2.5–2.9 mm long, light yellow, anther appendages apically ovate; style branches 0.8–1.2 mm long, linear, yellow. Cypselae 2.2–3.2(–3.6) mm long, prismatic, nigrescent, ray cypselae 3-angled, disc cypselae 4-angled, glabrous to pilose or sparsely pilose to densely pilose, ribs commonly densely pilose, often pilose; pappus generally monotypic, often bitypic, usually monolength, often monolength and bilength, free, scales 8–15 (1–2 distinctly longer, when present), mostly 1.1–2.2 mm long, longer scales 1.6–3 mm long (when present), generally oblong or oblanceolate, sometimes narrowly elliptic, apex obtuse or rounded, margins entire, apex erose.</p><p>Distribution, habitat and phenology</p><p>Calea × parviantha occurs in Brazil in the states of São Paulo and Paraná (Fig. 5) in the Atlantic Forest grasslands with rock outcrops and riverine vegetation. In the Jaguariaíva sites, C. × parviantha is more commonly found than its parental taxa, suggesting that hybrid populations are probably replacing them in this area. This taxon occurs at elevations between 640– 750 m. Most of the collected specimens were found flowering and fruiting from December to April, with one outlier record flowering in August.</p><p>Informal conservation status</p><p>Endangered (EN) B2ab(i,ii,iii). While hybrids are traditionally not evaluated for conservation status, this nothospecies has been documented in collections spanning almost a century, suggesting it represents a stable hybrid taxon warranting conservation assessment. The nothospecies has an EOO of 5000 km ² and an AOO of 48 km ². The two hybrids discussed here ( C. × parviantha and C. × malmeana nothosp. nov.) occur in the APAED and are subject to the threats discussed by Harfouche et al. (2019), such as conversion of grasslands to pasture. This leads to severely fragmented environments (B condition a) and a continuous decline in extent of occurrence and area of occupancy (B condition b). Furthermore, the nothospecies mostly occurs out of protected areas, except for three occurrences in Estação Ecológica de Itapeva, Parque Ecológico de Itapeva and Parque Ecológico da Barreira.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>In the previous taxonomic note, C. × parviantha was compared to one of its parents: C. triantha .</p><p>Calea × parviantha is different from C. parvifolia by striate stems (vs furrowed stems), hispid or hispidulous or glabrous stems (vs puberulous or puberulent), non-glandular in stems, rarely glandular-punctate (vs generally densely glandular-punctate, sometimes glandular-punctate), coriaceous leaves (vs chartaceous), generally revolute margin, sometimes slightly revolute (vs flat), commonly hispidulous abaxial surface leaf (vs commonly glabrous); second series of phyllaries with revolute apex (vs flat), and third series of phyllaries with entire margin (vs generally pauciserrate, rarely entire).</p><p>In comparison with Calea × malmeana nothosp. nov., C. × parviantha can be individualized by striate stems (vs corrugate stems), venation secondary conspicuous (vs inconspicuously), green leaf margin (vs white); outermost series of phyllaries with green margin (vs white), first series 6.6–10.2 mm long (vs 10.5–12.3 mm), fourth series 3.5–4.7 mm widely (vs 5.3–7.1 mm), and usually longer cypselae 2.2–3.2 mm long (vs 3.3–3.9 mm).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/691D87E6FFB1841AFD96D8F4FD9BF811	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bueno, Vinícius R.;Gostel, Morgan R.;Heiden, Gustavo	Bueno, Vinícius R., Gostel, Morgan R., Heiden, Gustavo (2026): A taxonomic revision of Calea subgenus Meyeria (Asteraceae, Neurolaeneae), endemic to the Southeast and South Brazilian open vegetation. European Journal of Taxonomy 1039: 116-164, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1039.3183, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3183/14145
