identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
D093DAA6833459429C6B8EBA9570667E.text	D093DAA6833459429C6B8EBA9570667E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichoderma flavobritdaniae G. S. Jin & Z. X. Zhu 2026	<div><p>Trichoderma flavobritdaniae G. S. Jin &amp; Z. X. Zhu sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2, 3</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>From flavus (yellow) + britdaniae, referring to the yellow pigment produced on PDA and the overall resemblance of the sexual morph to T. britdaniae .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Stromata solitary to gregarious, pulvinate, light brown to brown, turning dark purple in 3 % KOH; colonies on PDA producing a conspicuous bright yellow pigment; conidiophores verticillium-like with comparatively long phialides.</p><p>Typification.</p><p>China • Guizhou Province, Duyun City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.520004&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.250834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.520004/lat 26.250834)">Qingyunhu National Forest Park</a>, 26°15'3"N, 107°31'12"E, 853 m alt., on wood and fungi, 18 Aug. 2023, Z. X. Zhu 1545 G (Holotype HMJAU 34748, ex-type culture CGMCC 7.669) .</p><p>Sexual morph.</p><p>Stromata pulvinate solitary, scattered or aggregated in small groups, centrally attached with margins free, 1.2–1.5 mm diam, outline circular to irregular. Stromata white and hairy when young, becoming brown at maturity; turning dark purple in 3 % KOH. Stromatal surface velvety when young, becoming plane at maturity, slightly wrinkled; perithecial protuberances inconspicuous, ostioles visible as black or brown dots.</p><p>In section stroma, perithecia flask-shaped, elliptical or globose, (156 –) 172–225 (– 260) × (91 –) 110–133 (– 140) µm (n = 20). Ostioles (25 –) 38–43 (– 59) µm long (n = 20), plane or projecting up to 16 µm, 18–23 µm wide at the apex (n = 20). Peridium brown, (6.3 –) 7.4–8.2 (– 9.1) µm thick at base and sides (n = 20). Cortical tissue of textura angularis, cells hyaline, thick-walled, (4.8 –) 6.7–8 (– 9.6) × (3.4 –) 3.8–7.1 (– 7.3) μm (n = 20); subcortical tissue of textura angularis mixed with textura intricata, cells hyaline, thin-walled, (4.3 –) 5–6.8 (– 8.7) × (2.3 –) 3.1–4.4 (– 5.3) μm (n = 20); hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, 2–4.3 μm wide (n = 20); subperithecial tissue of textura angularis mixed with textura epidermoidea, cells hyaline, thin-walled, (6.6 –) 7.4–16.8 (– 18.2) × (5.7 –) 6.6–15.1 (– 17.9) μm (n = 20); tissue at the base of textura angularis, cells hyaline, thin-walled, (6.8 –) 7.5–14.4 (– 16) × (4.1 –) 4.5–6.9 (– 7.5) μm (n = 20). Asci cylindrical, (55 –) 56–60 (– 64) × (3.6 –) 3.8–4 (– 4.2) µm (n = 20). Ascospores dimorphic, hyaline, verrucose or spinulose with tubercles, distal cells subglobose to globose (2.6 –) 2.9–4.4 (– 4.8) × (2.3 –) 2.6–3.7 (– 3.9) µm (n = 20), l / w 1–1.2 (– 1.4), proximal cells oblong or globose (2.8 –) 3.5–4.4 (– 4.7) × 2.4–2.8 (– 3.4) µm (n = 20), l / w 1.1–1.9.</p><p>Cultures and asexual morph.</p><p>On PDA at 25 ° C, colony radius 33–37 mm after 72 h, with the plate fully covered after 7 days. Colonies white, with sparse aerial hyphae. Conidiation rare, appearing after 7 days; pustules white, sparsely distributed near the colony margin. Conidiophores loosely disposed, verticillium-like, arising in whorls of 2–4 phialides or with solitary phialides along the main axis. Phialides straight, lageniform to subulate, (13 –) 15.5–28.4 (– 33.8) × (2.4 –) 2.6–3.9 (– 4.3) μm (n = 20), l / w (4.5 –) 5.5–10 (– 11.6), (1.6 –) 1.9–3 (– 3.4) μm wide at the base (n = 20). Conidia hyaline, ellipsoidal to oblong, or subglobose to globose, smooth, (5 –) 5.4–8 (– 9.2) × (2.6 –) 2.8–3.5 (– 3.7) μm (n = 20), l / w (1.4 –) 1.5–3.1 (– 3.5). Chlamydospores present, terminal and intercalary, globose or ellipsoid, (6.3 –) 6.5–7.7 (– 8.4) × (4.9 –) 5.4–6.7 (– 8.6) μm (n = 20), l / w 1.1–1.3. Odor absent; bright yellow pigment present.</p><p>On CMD at 25 ° C, colony radius 25–32 mm after 72 h, with the plate fully covered after 7 days. Colonies white, with sparse aerial hyphae. Conidiation appearing after 15 days; pustules white, rare, and sparsely disposed. Chlamydospores numerous, globose or ellipsoid. Odor absent; pale yellow pigment present.</p><p>On SNA at 25 ° C, colony radius 2–7 mm after 72 h, with the plate fully covered after 30 days. Colonies white, irregular outline, with sparse aerial hyphae. Conidiation appearing after 15 days; pustules zonate, spreading scattered, generate one irregular circle. Odor absent; no pigment observed.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Trichoderma flavobritdaniae is morphologically similar to T. pseudobritdaniae and T. britdaniae, sharing a generally similar stromatal coloration. However, unlike T. britdaniae, both T. flavobritdaniae and T. pseudobritdaniae produce pulvinate stromata that are markedly smaller in size (up to 100 mm in T. britdaniae; 2–3.5 (– 5) mm in T. pseudobritdaniae; 1.2–1.5 mm in T. flavobritdaniae) (Jaklitsch and Voglmayr 2012; Qin and Zhuang 2016 a). The perithecia of the three species are comparable in size, whereas the asci of T. flavobritdaniae [(55 –) 56–60 (– 64) μm] are shorter than those of T. britdaniae [(52 –) 60–75 (– 86) μm] and T. pseudobritdaniae [(62 –) 68–82 (– 89) μm]. In the asexual morph, T. flavobritdaniae is readily distinguished by the production of a conspicuous bright yellow pigment on PDA, a feature absent in T. pseudobritdaniae . In addition, T. flavobritdaniae possesses longer phialides [(13 –) 15.5–28.4 (– 33.8) μm vs. (7 –) 8.5–18 (– 20) μm] and longer conidia [(5 –) 5.4–8 (– 9.2) μm vs. (2.5 –) 3–7 (– 7.5) μm] than T. pseudobritdaniae (Jaklitsch and Voglmayr 2012; Qin and Zhuang 2016 a). Detailed morphological differences among the three species are summarized in Table 2.</p><p>Phylogenetically, T. flavobritdaniae is placed within the Longibrachiatum clade and forms a sister relationship with T. pseudobritdaniae (HMAS 271355). Sequence similarities between the two species are 97.71 % for rpb 2 and 94.26 % for tef 1 - α, supporting their recognition as closely related but distinct species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D093DAA6833459429C6B8EBA9570667E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Jin, Guang-Shuo;Ji, Jing;Zhao, Gui-Long;Liang, Bo;Li, Xin-Ze;Yu, Yang;Zhuang, Wen-Ying;Li, Yu;Ji, Rui-Qing;Zhu, Zhao-Xiang	Jin, Guang-Shuo, Ji, Jing, Zhao, Gui-Long, Liang, Bo, Li, Xin-Ze, Yu, Yang, Zhuang, Wen-Ying, Li, Yu, Ji, Rui-Qing, Zhu, Zhao-Xiang (2026): Taxonomy and phylogeny of five novel Trichoderma (Hypocreaceae, Hypocreales) species isolated from decaying wood in China. MycoKeys 133: 67-102, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.133.187172
E178A9D1EFEF5DDE851AB0BF9B86B588.text	E178A9D1EFEF5DDE851AB0BF9B86B588.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichoderma foliatum G. S. Jin & Z. X. Zhu 2026	<div><p>Trichoderma foliatum G. S. Jin &amp; Z. X. Zhu sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 4</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>From Latin foliatus (= lobed, leaf-like), referring to the irregularly lobed colony margin on PDA.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Slow-growing on PDA, colonies with irregularly lobed margins; green pustules produced after 3–4 days. On CMD, colonies forming a loose concentric annular pattern.</p><p>Typification.</p><p>China • Jilin Province, Changchun City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=125.89528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.351387" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 125.89528/lat 43.351387)">Shuangyang District</a>, 43°21'5"N, 125°53'43"E, 337 m alt., on rotten wood, 31 Jul. 2025, Z. X. Zhu, G. S. Jin, B. Liang, M. Y. Zhu, G. L. Zhao 2181 (Holotype HMJAU 34755, ex-type culture CGMCC 7.672) .</p><p>Sexual morph.</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Cultures and asexual morph.</p><p>On PDA at 25 ° C, colony radius 6–8 mm after 72 h, reaching 42–44 mm after 3 weeks. Colonies white, often divided into several fissured segments, margin initially circular and becoming dentate or lobed with growth, with fertile aerial hyphae. Conidiation appearing after 3–4 days; pustules contiguous, initially pale white, becoming dark green with age. Conidiophores trichoderma-like, arising in whorls of 2–5 phialides or with solitary phialides along the main axis. Phialides straight, lageniform to subulate, (5.1 –) 6–11.4 (– 12.7) × (2.2 –) 2.4–3.4 (– 3.7) μm (n = 30), l / w (1.5 –) 2.1–4.2 (– 4.7), 1.4–2.7 μm wide at the base (n = 30). Conidia green, subglobose to globose or ellipsoidal, (2.2 –) 2.6–4 × 2.1–3.3 (– 3.7) μm (n = 30), l / w (0.7 –) 1–1.4 (– 1.7). Odor absent; no pigment observed.</p><p>On CMD at 25 ° C, colony radius 12–14 mm after 72 h, with the plate fully covered after 15 days. Colonies white, with rare aerial hyphae. Conidiation appearing after 15 days; pustules green, disposed in a loose concentric annular pattern. Odor absent; no pigment observed.</p><p>On SNA at 25 ° C, colony radius 6–8 mm after 72 h, with the plate fully covered after 25 days. Colonies white, with rare aerial hyphae. Conidiation appearing after 7 days; pustules loosely scattered along the inner margin of the colony. Chlamydospores absent. Odor absent; no pigment observed.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Trichoderma foliatum produces colonies with irregularly lobed margins on PDA, resembling those of T. aureoviride and T. estonicum . However, T. foliatum exhibits a markedly slower growth rate (6–8 mm after 72 h), similar to T. aureoviride (4–5 mm after 72 h) but clearly distinct from T. estonicum (29–31 mm after 72 h). The combination of slow vegetative growth and early, well-developed pustule formation represents an uncommon character state within Trichoderma (Jaklitsch 2009) .</p><p>Phylogenetically, T. foliatum is resolved as a distinct lineage within the Harzianum clade. It differs from its closest GenBank BLAST result, T. ceramicum (CBS 114576), by 66 nucleotide substitutions in the rpb 2 locus (969 bp), corresponding to an overall sequence similarity of approximately 93 %, supporting its recognition as a distinct species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E178A9D1EFEF5DDE851AB0BF9B86B588	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Jin, Guang-Shuo;Ji, Jing;Zhao, Gui-Long;Liang, Bo;Li, Xin-Ze;Yu, Yang;Zhuang, Wen-Ying;Li, Yu;Ji, Rui-Qing;Zhu, Zhao-Xiang	Jin, Guang-Shuo, Ji, Jing, Zhao, Gui-Long, Liang, Bo, Li, Xin-Ze, Yu, Yang, Zhuang, Wen-Ying, Li, Yu, Ji, Rui-Qing, Zhu, Zhao-Xiang (2026): Taxonomy and phylogeny of five novel Trichoderma (Hypocreaceae, Hypocreales) species isolated from decaying wood in China. MycoKeys 133: 67-102, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.133.187172
D274DAA3F64D57B7A39F389629BDC26B.text	D274DAA3F64D57B7A39F389629BDC26B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichoderma fulviclavum G. S. Jin & Z. X. Zhu 2026	<div><p>Trichoderma fulviclavum G. S. Jin &amp; Z. X. Zhu sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 5, 6</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The epithet fulviclavum refers to the fulvous (yellow-brown) clavate stromata produced by this species.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Stromata clavate, brown to light brown, without color change in 3 % KOH; ascospores hyaline, monomorphic; asexual morph extremely slow-growing, producing brown pigment and chlamydospores, but lacking conidiation.</p><p>Typification.</p><p>China • Jilin Province, Changchun City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=125.895&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.35083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 125.895/lat 43.35083)">Shuangyang District</a>, 43°21'3"N, 125°53'42"E, 356 m alt., on pine branches, 31 Jul. 2025, Z. X. Zhu, G. S. Jin, B. Liang, M. Y. Zhu, G. L. Zhao 2191 (Holotype HMJAU 34754, ex-type culture CGMCC 7.673) .</p><p>Sexual morph.</p><p>Fresh stromata are similar to dry stromata in morphology. Dry Stromata cylindric or flattened clavate, often aggregate and grow into palmate bunches. Length up to 57 mm, 12–15 mm diam. White and hairy when young, turning light brown when mature, not changing color in KOH. Stroma surface young with fur, turns plane when mature, smooth or slightly wrinkled, perithecial protuberances not evident, ostioles appearing as black or brown dots.</p><p>In section stroma, perithecia flask-shaped, elliptical or globose (83 –) 93–193 (– 207) × 75–170 (– 193) µm (n = 30). Ostioles (30 –) 39–57 (– 62) µm long (n = 20), 17–35 (– 40) µm wide at the apex (n = 20). Peridium brown, (6.3 –) 7.4–8.2 (– 9.1) µm wide at the base and sides (n = 20). Cortical tissue of textura angularis, cells hyaline, thick-walled, (2.8 –) 3.9–5.9 × (1.6 –) 2–4.1 (– 4.6) μm (n = 20); subcortical tissue of textura angularis mixed with textura intricata, cells hyaline, thin-walled, 4.4–8 (– 10.2) × 3.1–4.3 (– 4.8) μm (n = 20), hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, 1.8–4.4 μm wide (n = 20); subperithecial tissue of textura epidermoidea, cells hyaline, thin-walled, 3.5–8 (– 11) μm wide (n = 20); tissue at the base of textura intricata, cells hyaline, thin-walled, 3.9–8.1 μm wide (n = 20). Asci 60–75 (– 80) × (2.8 –) 3.2–4.4 µm (n = 20). Ascospores monomorphic, hyaline, verruculose, cells subglobose to globose, 2.6–3.9 × 2.4–3.5 µm (n = 30), l / w 0.9–1.1 (– 1.3).</p><p>Cultures and asexual morph.</p><p>On PDA at 25 ° C, colony radius 1–3 mm after 72 h, the plate fully covered after 3 weeks. Colonies initially white, gradually turning brown with age, with aerial hyphae densely developed at the colony base; exudate droplets present on aerial hyphae, small, light brown to brown, and evenly distributed. After 30 days, chlamydoconidia observed, brown, globose to subglobose, sessile on hyphae, (3 –) 3.3–10.7 (– 11.9) × (3.5 –) 3.9–11.3 (– 12.3) µm (n = 30), l / w 1–1.3 (– 1.5). Conidiophores and conidia not observed. Odor absent; brown pigment present.</p><p>On CMD at 25 ° C, colony radius 1–2 mm after 72 h, with the plate fully covered after 4 weeks. Colonies white, forming a dense concentric annular pattern, with rare aerial hyphae. Conidia and chlamydospores not observed after 4 weeks. Odor absent; brown pigment present.</p><p>On SNA at 25 ° C, colony radius 1–2 mm after 72 h, reaching 34–37 mm after 40 days. Colonies white, faint, forming a dense concentric annular pattern, without aerial hyphae. Conidiation not observed after 40 days. Odor absent; brown pigment present.</p><p>Additional specimens examined.</p><p>China • Jilin Province, Changchun City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=125.89472&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.35083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 125.89472/lat 43.35083)">Shuangyang District</a>, 43°21'3"N, 125°53'41"E, 365 m alt., on pine branches, 31 Jul. 2025, Z. X. Zhu, G. S. Jin, J. Ji, G. L. Zhao, X. Z. Li 2196, HMJAU 34758, ex-type culture HMJAU 34759 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Trichoderma fulviclavum is characterized by clavate stromata, extremely slow vegetative growth, absence of conidiation, and the production of brown chlamydoconidia. Morphologically, it resembles clavate-stromatic species such as T. alutaceum, T. leucopus, T. seppoi, and T. clavaticapitatum, all of which share the absence of a color change in 3 % KOH (Jaklitsch 2011). In its asexual morph, T. fulviclavum exhibits an exceptionally slow growth rate on PDA (1–3 mm after 72 h), comparable to members of the Psychrophilum clade, including T. psychrophilum (&lt;1 mm after 72 h), T. rhododendri (4–5 mm after 72 h), T. balearicum (19–22 mm after 72 h), T. crystalligenum (8–10 mm after 72 h), T. calamagrostidis (9–16 mm after 72 h), and T. oligosporum (9–12 mm after 72 h) (Jaklitsch 2011; Zhu and Zhuang 2015; Zeng et al. 2024). Conidia were not observed in T. fulviclavum, similar to T. rhododendri; instead, chlamydoconidia were observed to be sessile on hyphae, a rarely reported character in Trichoderma .</p><p>Phylogenetically, T. fulviclavum clusters closely with T. rhododendri (CBS 119288) and T. psychrophilum, whereas it is distantly related to T. leucopus, T. alutaceum, and other clavate-stromatic species; detailed morphological distinctions are provided in Table 3. Notably, clavate stromata have not previously been reported in the Psychrophilum clade.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D274DAA3F64D57B7A39F389629BDC26B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Jin, Guang-Shuo;Ji, Jing;Zhao, Gui-Long;Liang, Bo;Li, Xin-Ze;Yu, Yang;Zhuang, Wen-Ying;Li, Yu;Ji, Rui-Qing;Zhu, Zhao-Xiang	Jin, Guang-Shuo, Ji, Jing, Zhao, Gui-Long, Liang, Bo, Li, Xin-Ze, Yu, Yang, Zhuang, Wen-Ying, Li, Yu, Ji, Rui-Qing, Zhu, Zhao-Xiang (2026): Taxonomy and phylogeny of five novel Trichoderma (Hypocreaceae, Hypocreales) species isolated from decaying wood in China. MycoKeys 133: 67-102, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.133.187172
3CCAD45E824259039732A0B235ABD4CE.text	3CCAD45E824259039732A0B235ABD4CE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichoderma liaoningense G. S. Jin & Z. X. Zhu 2026	<div><p>Trichoderma liaoningense G. S. Jin &amp; Z. X. Zhu sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 7</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Named after Liaoning Province, China, where the species was collected.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Rapidly growing on PDA, forming dense colonies with abundant pale green to dark green pustules; phialides ampulliform; conidia obovate to subglobose.</p><p>Typification.</p><p>China • Liaoning Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=123.62222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.925003" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 123.62222/lat 41.925003)">Shenyang city, Shenbei road</a>, 41°55'30"N, 123°37'20"E, 1261 m alt., on twig, 20 Sep. 2024, Z. X. Zhu, G. S. Jin, J. Ji, G. L. Zhao, X. Z. Li 1914 (Holotype HMJAU 34752, ex-type culture CGMCC 7.671) .</p><p>Sexual morph.</p><p>— Unknown.</p><p>Cultures and asexual morph.</p><p>On PDA at 25 ° C, colony radius 57–60 mm after 72 h, with the plate fully covered after 4–5 days. Colonies white, with conspicuous aerial hyphae. Conidiation appearing after 72 h; pustules abundant, white when young, becoming dark green with age, fully covering the plate after 10 days. Conidiophores trichoderma-like, divergent in whorls of 2–4 phialides or with solitary phialides along the main axis. Phialides lageniform, (8.5 –) 9.5–13.2 (– 18.3) × (2.5 –) 2.8–3.7 (– 4.1) μm (n = 20), l / w (2.6 –) 2.9–4.3 (– 5.6), 1.7–2.6 (– 2.8) μm wide at the base (n = 20). Conidia hyaline when young, becoming green during growth, obovate, (3.4 –) 3.6–4.4 (– 4.9) × (2.5 –) 2.6–3 (– 3.2) μm (n = 20), l / w 1.2–1.5 (– 1.8). Odor absent; no pigment observed.</p><p>On CMD at 25 ° C, colony radius 68–70 mm after 72 h, with the plate fully covered after 4 days. Colonies white, with inconspicuous aerial hyphae. Conidiation appearing after 4 days; pustules abundant, white to dark green, irregularly disposed in a broad concentric ring. Odor absent; no pigment observed.</p><p>On SNA at 25 ° C, colony radius 40–43 mm after 72 h, with the plate fully covered after 7 days. Colonies white, with rare aerial hyphae. Conidiation appearing after 6–7 days; pustules zonate, spreading at the colony margin and near the center. Odor absent; no pigment observed.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Trichoderma liaoningense is morphologically similar to T. alni, as both species are characterized by dense, thick mycelium on PDA with pale green conidiation and by green conidiation developing at the distal margin of the colony on CMD (Jaklitsch 2009). As in other members of the Brevicompactum clade, such as T. brevicompactum and T. protrudens, T. liaoningense forms pustules around the colony margin and in discrete patches on SNA and CMD. However, T. liaoningense exhibits a faster growth rate (57–60 mm on PDA and 68–70 mm on SNA) than T. brevicompactum (30–50 mm on PDA, ca. 35 mm on SNA) and T. protrudens (30–38 mm on PDA and 30–41 mm on SNA). In addition, T. liaoningense shares obovate conidia with T. protrudens (Degenkolb et al. 2008) . Detailed morphological comparisons are provided in Table 4.</p><p>Phylogenetically, T. liaoningense forms a distinct lineage within the Brevicompactum clade and differs from T. protrudens (DIS 119 F) by 34 nucleotide substitutions in the 848 bp rpb 2 locus, corresponding to an overall sequence similarity of approximately 96 %.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3CCAD45E824259039732A0B235ABD4CE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Jin, Guang-Shuo;Ji, Jing;Zhao, Gui-Long;Liang, Bo;Li, Xin-Ze;Yu, Yang;Zhuang, Wen-Ying;Li, Yu;Ji, Rui-Qing;Zhu, Zhao-Xiang	Jin, Guang-Shuo, Ji, Jing, Zhao, Gui-Long, Liang, Bo, Li, Xin-Ze, Yu, Yang, Zhuang, Wen-Ying, Li, Yu, Ji, Rui-Qing, Zhu, Zhao-Xiang (2026): Taxonomy and phylogeny of five novel Trichoderma (Hypocreaceae, Hypocreales) species isolated from decaying wood in China. MycoKeys 133: 67-102, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.133.187172
7375BC59CD8254BF922286F8D64C63B4.text	7375BC59CD8254BF922286F8D64C63B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichoderma parvostromatum G. S. Jin & Z. X. Zhu 2026	<div><p>Trichoderma parvostromatum G. S. Jin &amp; Z. X. Zhu sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 8, 9</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The epithet parvostromatum is derived from the Latin parvus (small) and stroma, referring to the small-sized stromata of this species.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Stromata small, scattered, light brown, with small perithecia; ascospores hyaline and small. Colonies on PDA persistently white, with abundant aerial hyphae after prolonged incubation; conidia hyaline.</p><p>Typification.</p><p>China • Hubei Province, Shennongjia forestry district, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.38111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.484722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.38111/lat 31.484722)">Muyu Town</a>, 31°29'5"N, 110°22'52"E, 129 m alt., on decaying wood, 12 Jul. 2024, Z. X. Zhu, G. S. Jin, J. Ji, G. L. Zhao, X. Z. Li, 1627 (Holotype HMJAU 34749, ex-type culture CGMCC 7.670) .</p><p>Sexual morph.</p><p>Stromata scattered, discrete, pulvinate, centrally attached, with margins more or less free, 0.2–1.2 mm diam, light brown, changing to orange in KOH. Stroma surface plane, smooth or slightly wrinkled, perithecial protuberances not evident, ostiolar brownish yellow or brown.</p><p>In section stroma, perithecia flask-shaped or globose (100 –) 120–130 (– 150) × (84 –) 93–100 (– 110) µm (n = 20). Ostioles 31–39 µm long (n = 20), plane or projecting to 8 µm, 23–25 µm wide at the apex. Peridium hyaline, (4.5 –) 5.5–8.2 (– 10) µm wide at the base and sides (n = 20). Cortical tissue of textura angularis, cells hyaline to light brown, thick-walled, (3.5 –) 5.4–9.6 (– 11.4) × (1.9 –) 2.6–4.9 (– 5.5) μm (n = 20); subcortical tissue of textura angularis mixed with textura intricata, cells hyaline, thin-walled, (4.3 –) 4.9–6.8 (– 8.7) × (4.5 –) 5.2–12.3 (– 14.9) μm (n = 20), hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, 2–4.3 μm wide (n = 20); subperithecial tissue of textura angularis, cells hyaline, thin-walled, 12–20 (– 21.8) × (7.1 –) 8.4–12.4 (– 13.7) μm (n = 20); tissue at the base of textura angularis, cells hyaline, thin-walled, (4.4 –) 5.5–9.1 (– 11.6) × (3 –) 5–7.9 μm (n = 20). Asci (42 –) 45–53 (– 56) × (2.8 –) 3–4 (– 4.3) µm (n = 20). Ascospores dimorphic, hyaline, smooth, distal cell subglobose to globose, (2 –) 2.3–3 (– 3.5) × (1.6 –) 1.8–2.2 (– 3) µm, l / w (0.7 –) 0.9–1.1 (– 1.3) (n = 20), proximal cell oblong or subglobose, 2.9–3.6 (– 4.2) × 2.1–2.7 µm (n = 20), l / w (1.1 –) 1.3–1.6 (– 1.9).</p><p>Cultures and asexual morph.</p><p>On SNA at 25 ° C, colony radius 23–28 mm after 72 h, with the plate fully covered after 15 days. Colonies white, with rare aerial hyphae. Conidiation appearing after 15 days. Conidiophores loosely disposed, verticillium-like. Phialides ampulliform, divergent in whorls of 2–4 phialides or with solitary phialides along the main axis, (6.3 –) 7.7–12.7 (– 18.8) × (1.5 –) 1.8–2.5 (– 2.9) μm (n = 20), l / w (2 –) 2.6–4.3 (– 5.6), (1.3 –) 1.8–2.3 (– 2.8) μm wide at the base (n = 20). Conidia hyaline, subglobose to globose, 2.1–3.4 (– 3.8) × 1.7–2.2 (– 2.4) μm (n = 20), l / w 1.1–1.6 (– 1.8). Chlamydospores numerous, terminal, and intercalary on hyphae, globose or ellipsoid; intercalary chlamydospores oblong or ellipsoidal, (4.4 –) 5–7.3 (– 8.2) × (3.7 –) 5–6.5 (– 7) μm (n = 20), l / w 1–1.5 (– 1.7). Odor absent; no pigment observed.</p><p>On PDA at 25 ° C, colony radius 24–27 mm after 72 h, with the plate fully covered after 20 days. Colonies white, with velvety aerial hyphae forming isolated tufts or surrounding the base. Conidiation rarely appearing after 20 days; pustules rare, white. Chlamydospores numerous, globose or ellipsoid. Odor absent; no pigment observed.</p><p>On CMD at 25 ° C, colony radius 41–45 mm after 72 h, with the plate fully covered after 10 days. Colonies white, with rare aerial hyphae. Conidiation appearing after 15 days; pustules absent. Chlamydospores numerous, globose or ellipsoid. Odor absent; no pigment observed.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Morphologically, Trichoderma parvostromatum is similar to T. semiorbis and T. hunua in producing brown stromata. However, T. parvostromatum is distinguished by its markedly smaller stromata (0.2–1.2 mm) compared with those of T. semiorbis (1.5–4 mm) and T. hunua (2.5–4 mm). The perithecia of T. parvostromatum are also smaller [(100 –) 120–130 (– 150) μm] than those of T. semiorbis [(224 –) 268–287 (– 318) μm] and T. hunua (300–500 μm). In addition, T. parvostromatum possesses smooth and smaller ascospores [(2 –) 2.3–3 (– 3.5) × (1.6 –) 1.8–2.2 (– 3) μm], whereas the ascospores of T. semiorbis and T. hunua are echinulate and distinctly larger [(4.7 –) 5.5–6.5 (– 8.5) × (3.5 –) 3.7–4.5 (– 5.2) μm and 6–8 × 4–5 μm, respectively]. In the asexual morph, T. parvostromatum produces hyaline conidia, in contrast to the green conidia observed in T. semiorbis and T. hunua (Jaklitsch 2011) . Detailed morphological distinctions among these species are summarized in Table 5.</p><p>Phylogenetically, T. parvostromatum is resolved as a distinct lineage within the Semiorbis clade and is closely related to T. hunua and T. semiorbis . The rpb 2 sequence similarity between T. parvostromatum and T. hunua (CBS 238.63) is 96 %, and the similarity between T. parvostromatum and T. semiorbis is 95 %, with 30 and 32 bp differences across 893 bp and 836 bp alignments, supporting its recognition as a distinct species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7375BC59CD8254BF922286F8D64C63B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Jin, Guang-Shuo;Ji, Jing;Zhao, Gui-Long;Liang, Bo;Li, Xin-Ze;Yu, Yang;Zhuang, Wen-Ying;Li, Yu;Ji, Rui-Qing;Zhu, Zhao-Xiang	Jin, Guang-Shuo, Ji, Jing, Zhao, Gui-Long, Liang, Bo, Li, Xin-Ze, Yu, Yang, Zhuang, Wen-Ying, Li, Yu, Ji, Rui-Qing, Zhu, Zhao-Xiang (2026): Taxonomy and phylogeny of five novel Trichoderma (Hypocreaceae, Hypocreales) species isolated from decaying wood in China. MycoKeys 133: 67-102, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.133.187172
