identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
26C5F9EB0A3D55A5BC68ED042C528EA4.text	26C5F9EB0A3D55A5BC68ED042C528EA4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Solenopsis lamellata Bouju & Chény & Gotzek & Perrichot & Fernandez & Barden & Fiorentino 2026	<div><p>Solenopsis lamellata sp. nov.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype. AMNH -DR-14-408 worker, deposited in the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, U. S. A (Fig. 3). Preserved within a 10 mm by 8 mm section of yellow amber with internal bubbles. No synclusions.</p><p>Horizon and locality.</p><p>Early Miocene, Burdigalian (ca. 16 Ma; Iturralde-Vinent and MacPhee 1996); in amber from the Northern mines of the Santiago Province, Dominican Republic.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Worker. With characters of the genus, plus the following unique combination: head much longer than wide; posterior margin of head rounded; scape length shorter than 2 / 3 of head length; anterior margin of clypeus without teeth; mandible with three developed teeth and a basal fourth. Propodeum in dorsal view with lateral margins tapered posteriorly; in lateral view dorsal and declivitous margin of subequal length, with a conspicuous upturned ridge between the dorsal and posterior faces, forming a propodeal lamella; propodeum spiracle in medio-lateral position. Petiolar peduncle about the same length as the petiolar node; petiolar node rounded dorsally, petiole in dorsal view longer than broad and longer than high in profile; petiole and postpetiole subequal in dorsal view; in dorsal view postpetiole as broad as long and in lateral view, postpetiole lower than petiole and appearing considerably smaller; subpetiolar process not forming a tooth; subpostpetiolar process shovel-like. Body setae long (longer than a 2), particularly on the gaster.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Worker.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head subrectangular, much longer than wide, posterior margin convex; eyes small, with about 3 ommatidia in the largest diameter, anteriorly positioned; antenna 10 segmented, last two segments defining a conspicuous 2 - segmented club, scape shorter than 2 / 3 of head length; clypeal carinae prominent, extending from the anterior border of the clypeus posteriorly between the antennal insertions clypeal carinae prominent, extending from the anterior border of the clypeus posteriorly between the antennal insertions and turn medially back around to the anterior border of the clypeus, clypeus prominently extended forward, medially notched, completely covering basal margin of mandible; lateral and extralateral clypeal teeth completely absent; mandibles with 4 conspicuous teeth, the sub-basal larger than the others.</p><p>Mesosoma. In profile, outline of promesonotum slightly convex; metanotal groove deep laterally and dorsally; in dorsal view, promesonotum subtriangular, humeral corners slightly rounded, lateral margins convex; in lateral view, propodeum dorsal margin slightly convex and about as long as declivitous margin, declivitous margin mildly concave, leading to a bulbous propodeal lobe; in dorsal view, margins tapered posteriorly, forming a lamella that separates the dorsal and posterior faces; propodeal spiracle circular, large, situated mid-length and slightly above mid-height of lateral face (mediodorsal position).</p><p>Metasoma. In lateral view, petiolar peduncle about the same length as the petiolar node, subpetiolar process present, projected as a blunt translucent lamellae; petiolar node rounded dorsally, about as long as wide; in lateral view, higher than long, with anterior face of node concave, strongly convex dorsum, posterior face oblique, ventral margin convex; postpetiole in dorsal view, semiglobular about as wide as long, similar in width to the petiole, anterior margin convex; postpetiole node rounded dorsally, and posterior margin slightly concave; subpostpetiolar process produced as a thick and shovel-like projection, creating a concave cavity; gaster lanceolate.</p><p>Sculpturing, setation and coloration. Head softly imbricate, promesonotum smooth and shining, lower margin of katepisternum carinate-rugose, metanotal suture carinate-rugose, propodeum imbricate, lateral margin of petiole and postpetiole imbricate, dorsal face of petiole and postpetiole smooth and shining, gaster smooth and shining. Head (mandible and antenna included) with sparse long erect setae, body covered in fine erect setae, gaster with very long erect setae. Body of holotype worker appears to be uniformly reddish in color with yellowish legs and antennae.</p><p>Holotype measurements (in mm) and indices.</p><p>TL 1.794; EL 0.041; HL 0.432; HW 0.304; PH 0.158; PW 0.23; PPH 0.118; PPL 0.119; PPW 0.116; PTH 0.154; PTL 0.154; PTW 0.107; SL 0.259; WL 0.457; ATIVL. 33; CI; SI; OI; DMI; LMI; LPeI; DPeI; LPpI; DPpI; PPI; PTI.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet comes from the Latin “ lamellatus ”, which means “ flat plate ” or “ thin plate ”, referring to the unusual median propodeal projection of that species.</p><p>Comments.</p><p>S. lamellata sp. nov. ’ s middle lamella on the posterior margin of the propodeum is unique in this species, previously unknown in all Solenopsis . It might be associated with the posterior narrowing of the propodeum which differs from other species where the propodeum has a uniform width (as in practically all Myrmicinae). The possible function of this lamella structure is unknown, as well as the distinct, sharp median carinae on the anterior third of the dorsal surface of postpetiole of Typhlomyrmex prolatus ( Ectatomminae) (Fernández et al. 2023). The combination of head subrectangular, antennal and clypeal configuration, and narrowing of the propodeum and propodeal lamella easily isolate S. lamellata from its congeners.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/26C5F9EB0A3D55A5BC68ED042C528EA4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bouju, Valentine;Chény, Cédric;Gotzek, Dietrich;Perrichot, Vincent;Fernandez, Fernando;Barden, Phillip;Fiorentino, Gianpiero	Bouju, Valentine, Chény, Cédric, Gotzek, Dietrich, Perrichot, Vincent, Fernandez, Fernando, Barden, Phillip, Fiorentino, Gianpiero (2026): Solenopsis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) thief ants in Dominican amber and putative subfossil resin. Fossil Record 29 (2): 499-517, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.181268
49F21683E4BB529BBFCF66BEF647D1C5.text	49F21683E4BB529BBFCF66BEF647D1C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Solenopsis merengue Bouju & Chény & Gotzek & Perrichot & Fernandez & Barden & Fiorentino 2026	<div><p>Solenopsis merengue sp. nov.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype. Worker, specimen identifier MNHNSD FOS 18.130 [MNHNSD] (Fig. 5 A – E); Dominican Republic, deposited in the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural “ Prof. Eugenio de Jesús Marcano ”, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic (Fig. 5). Preserved within a 5 mm by 3 mm section of yellow amber with internal bubbles. No synclusions.</p><p>Horizon and locality.</p><p>Early Miocene, Burdigalian (ca. 16 Ma; Iturralde-Vinent and MacPhee 1996); in amber from the Northern mines of the Santiago Province, Dominican Republic.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Worker. With characters of the Solenopsis genus, plus the following unique combination of characters: Head sub-quadrate, slightly longer than wide, posterior margin of head straight; scape about 2 / 3 of head length; anterior margin of clypeus with poorly-developed lateral teeth, with teeth height lower than a fifth of the distance separating the teeth; masticatory margin of the mandibles with 3 large, coarse teeth and a basal fourth, smaller. Propodeum in dorsal view with subparallel lateral margins; in lateral view dorsal and declivitous margins subequal, propodeal propodeum unarmed; mediodorsal position of spiracle on propodeum. Petiolar peduncle shorter than the length of the petiolar node, petiolar node rounded dorsally; in dorsal view petiole broader than long; petiole and postpetiole nodulous, postpetiole wider than petiole; in lateral view postpetiole lower than petiole and broader than long in dorsal view; subpetiolar process with a ventral tooth; subpostpetiolar process thick and shovel-like, creating a concave cavity. Body setae medium and sub-erect, with pairs of longer setae on dorsum of propodeum, petiole, and postpetiole segments.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Worker.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head sub-quadrate, slightly longer than wide, posterior margin straight; eyes small, with 6–7 ommatidia, located slightly in front of the mid-length of the head; frontal carinae restricted to the small frontal lobes; frontal lobes present and rather developed, concealing most of the antennal sockets; antenna 10 - segmented; antennal scape bent in its basal part, not surpassing the occipital margin, about 2 / 3 of head length and more than four times pedicel length; median portion of clypeus slightly concave, narrowly inserted between the frontal lobe, clypeus longitudinally bicarinate, consisting of two symmetrical and sub-rectilineal carinae, each one terminating in a poorly developed tip in the anterior clypeal margin, projected forward; clypeal lateral teeth poorly developed, their height lower than a fifth of the distance that separates teeth tips; extralateral teeth absent; anterior margin of clypeus in W-shaped (its extremity defined by the lateral teeth), concave margin between the teeth; clypeus with an unpaired long seta at the midpoint of the anterior margin; mandibles with 3 conspicuous teeth and a fourth tooth defining the basal angle; the apical tooth being the longest. Subbasal and subapical teeth spaced apart.</p><p>Mesosoma. In profile, outline of pronotum convex; metanotal groove deep laterally and dorsally; propodeum in dorsal view with lateral margins subparallel; in profile, dorsal face slightly convex, about as long as declivitous face, meeting declivitous face at rounded angle, declivitous face slightly convex; propodeal spiracle large, circular, centered on upper half of propodeum (mediodorsal position).</p><p>Metasoma. In lateral view, petiolar peduncle shorter than the length of the petiolar node, subpetiolar process forming conspicuous anterior facing tooth; petiolar node rounded dorsally; in dorsal view broader than long, in lateral view anterior face convex, dorsal face strongly convex, posterior face convex. Postpetiole rounded dorsally, as wide as petiole and only slightly lower than petiole in lateral view; subpostpetiolar process with conspicuous coupled anterior facing lobes, ventrally lobes meet at strongly concave sternite. Gaster lanceolate; sting out, very elongate, its extremity ended by a beveled or at least a tapered edge.</p><p>Sculpturing, setation and coloration. Head (mandibles and antennae included), mesosoma (legs included), metasoma with suberect setae of medium-size, which seem to be especially more abundant on the head and the gaster; anterior margin of pronotum, dorsum of petiole and postpetiole with a pair of long setae; mandibles, antennae and legs covered by numerous short suberect setae. Sculpturing appears uniformly smooth.</p><p>Holotype measurements (in mm) and indices.</p><p>TL 1.32; HL 0.37; HW 0.30; PH 0.15; PW 0.19; PPH 0.12; PPL 0.10; PPW 0.12; PTH 0.14; PTL 0.15; PTW 0.12; SL 0.22; WL 0.39; ATIVL 0.31; CI 81; SI 73; DMI 49; LMI 38; LPeI 107; DPeI 80; LPpI 83; DPpI 120; PPI 100; PTI 93.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species was named by students of the Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo (Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic). The naming refers to words from Dominican Republic. The specific epithet refers to the “ Merengue ” music and dance originating from the Dominican Republic. It is treated as a name apposition.</p><p>Comments.</p><p>Among Dominican amber Solenopsis, S. merengue sp. nov. is most similar to S. pilonaria sp. nov., although it differs from it notably in having longer scape relative to head length, no extralateral clypeal teeth, four mandibular teeth, and a propodeum spiracle centered on upper half of propodeum and not deported toward the posterior margin. It differs from S. viralata sp. nov., and S. picapica sp. nov. in having a straight posterior margin of head, different antennal configuration, less developed lateral clypeal teeth, different subpetiolar process configuration, and different pilosity configuration. The teeth of the mandible resemble S. lamellata sp. nov., but S. merengue sp. nov. lacks the propodeal lamella, the head is rectangular and the propodeum tapers posteriorly. It is the only species having a scape longer than 2 / 3 of head length</p><p>Solenopsis merengue sp. nov. shares affinities with the brevicornis species complex, based on: funicular segments broader than long, eyes fewer than 12 ommatidia, bicarinate clypeus with concave median anterior margin of clypeus, head somewhat quadrate to slightly elongate, postpetiole about as wide as petiole, to slightly wider in dorsal view, and fine punctures on dorsum of head. Among the brevicornis species complex, the species mostly resembles S. brevicornis . However, it also differs from it by a longer scape, the presence of a ventral tooth on the petiolar peduncle, and a different shape of propodeum. The combination of antennal configuration, large and coarse teeth (except the basal one) and the greater height of the petiole relative to the postpetiole separates this species from other Solenopsis and most or all Formicidae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/49F21683E4BB529BBFCF66BEF647D1C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bouju, Valentine;Chény, Cédric;Gotzek, Dietrich;Perrichot, Vincent;Fernandez, Fernando;Barden, Phillip;Fiorentino, Gianpiero	Bouju, Valentine, Chény, Cédric, Gotzek, Dietrich, Perrichot, Vincent, Fernandez, Fernando, Barden, Phillip, Fiorentino, Gianpiero (2026): Solenopsis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) thief ants in Dominican amber and putative subfossil resin. Fossil Record 29 (2): 499-517, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.181268
3D93C45A04DA518C9E2B25B9913B3CCE.text	3D93C45A04DA518C9E2B25B9913B3CCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Solenopsis picapica Bouju & Chény & Gotzek & Perrichot & Fernandez & Barden & Fiorentino 2026	<div><p>Solenopsis picapica sp. nov.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype. Worker, specimen identifier MNHNSD FOS 18.129 # 1 [MNHNSD] (Fig. 7); Dominican Republic, deposited in the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural “ Prof. Eugenio de Jesús Marcano ”, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic (Fig. 7). Preserved within a 20 mm by 15 mm piece of yellow amber with internal bubbles. Synclusions include a small termite and an Azteca ant worker.</p><p>Horizon and locality.</p><p>Early Miocene, Burdigalian (ca. 16 Ma; Iturralde-Vinent and MacPhee 1996); in amber from the Northern mines of the Santiago Province, Dominican Republic.</p><p>Paratypes.</p><p>3 workers, specimen identifiers MNHNSD FOS 18.129 # 2 (Fig. 6 D), MNHNSD FOS 18.129 # 3, and MNHNSD FOS 18.129 # 4 (3 workers) [MNHNSD]; Dominican Republic.</p><p>Additional material examined.</p><p>Worker, specimen identifier AMNH -DR-10-169 [AMNH] (Fig. 6 E), Dominican Republic.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Worker. With characters of the Solenopsis genus, plus the following unique combination of characters: Head sub-quadrate, with posterior margin shallowly concave; scape about 2 / 3 of head length, longer than four times length of pedicel (a 2); anterior margin of clypeus with well-developed lateral teeth, lateral teeth higher than a fifth of the distance that separates them; mandible with 3 conspicuous teeth and a basal fourth. Propodeum in lateral view with subequal dorsal and declivitous margins and unarmed, and posterodorsal propodeal spiracle. Petiolar peduncle longer than length of the petiolar node, petiolar node angular dorsally; petiole in dorsal view longer than wide and longer than high in profile; postpetiole wider than long in dorsal view and broader than petiole; subpetiolar process without ventral tooth and subpostpetiolar configuration, consisting of laterally produced tubercules and a long centrally projected lip. Body with suberect setae, particularly abundant on dorsum of gaster.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Worker.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head sub-quadrate, slightly longer than wide, posterior margin shallowly concave; compound eyes small, containing 5–6 ommatidia, oval and weakly bulging, inserted in the latero-dorsal margin, located slightly in front of the mid-length of the head; frontal carinae restricted to the small rounded frontal lobes; frontal lobes present and rather developed, concealing most of the antennal sockets; antenna 10 - segmented; antennal scape about 2 / 3 of head length and longer than four times pedicel length; median portion of clypeus raised and rather narrowly inserted between the frontal lobe; clypeus longitudinally bicarinate, consisting of two symmetrical and subrectilinear carinae, into frons in v shape, each one terminating in a prominent tooth in the anterior clypeal margin (clypeal lateral teeth), concave margin between the two lateral teeth, extralateral teeth absent; mandibles with three conspicuous teeth and a fourth one defining the basal angle; the apical tooth being the longest.</p><p>Mesosoma. In profile, outline of pronotum convex; metanotal groove deep laterally and dorsally; propodeum in dorsal view with subparallel lateral sides, regular carina on each side of the dorsum, from the metanotal groove to the posterior margin; in profile, dorsal and declivitous margins subequal, propodeum unarmed; propodeal spiracle located on the upper half of propodeum, excentered toward the posterior margin (posterodorsal position).</p><p>Metasoma. In lateral view, petiolar peduncle longer than length of the petiolar node, subpetiolar process reduced, sometimes forming a translucent lamella; petiolar node angular dorsally; in dorsal view, petiole longer than wide and longer than high, in profile, anterior face concave, dorsum flat, posterior face coarsely convex. Postpetiole nodulous, broader than long in dorsal view, wider than petiole, and lower than petiole in lateral view, subpostpetiolar process produced as sharp downward facing lip, flanked by two bulbs. Gaster lanceolate.</p><p>Sculpturing, setation and coloration. Body smooth. Head (mandibles and antennae included), mesosoma (legs included), metasoma with suberect setae; mandibles, antennae and legs covered by numerous short suberect setae.</p><p>Holotype measurements (in mm) and indices.</p><p>TL 1.46; EL 0.038; HL 0.42; HW 0.33; PH 0.23; PW 0.22; PPH 0.14; PPL 0.13; PPW 0.12; PTH 0.18; PTL 0.17; PTW 0.11; SL 0.33; WL 0.55; ATIVL. 30; CI 89; SI 100; OI 10; DMI 46; LMI 42; LPeI 81; DPeI 85; LPpI 136; DPpI 120; PPI 109; PTI 123.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet is a name in apposition referring to the Dominican “ Locrio de pica pica ”, a typical Dominican recipe similar to paella, but made with canned sardines.</p><p>Comments.</p><p>Among Dominican amber Solenopsis, S. picapica sp. nov. is most similar to S. viralata sp. nov., although it differs from it in having longer scape relative to head length but shorter pedicel relative to following antennomeres, dorsal margin of propodeum not visibly shorter than declivitous margin, and a propodeum spiracle deported toward the posterior margin. It differs from S. pilonaria sp. nov., and S. merengue sp. nov. in having a shallowly concave posterior margin of head, different antennal configuration, more prominent clypeal teeth, different subpetiolar process configuration, and no pairs of longer setae on propodeum, petiole, and postpetiole dorsum. S. picapica sp. nov. is the only species with S. lamellata sp. nov. to have an antenna pedicel much shorter than antennomeres 3–7 combined; it is the only species with a petiole not higher than long.</p><p>Solenopsis picapica sp. nov. shares affinities with the molesta species complex, based on: funicular segments broader than long, eyes small but distinct of fewer than 12 ommatidia, bicarinate clypeus with concave median anterior margin of clypeus, head somewhat quadrate to slightly elongate, postpetiole slightly wider than petiole in dorsal view, and fine punctures on dorsum of head. Within the molesta species complex, the body size (ca. 2.0 mm), fine punctures, developed clypeal teeth, oval-shaped eyes, and rounded propodeum, suggests affinities with the molesta subgroup. Similarities are also displayed with the pygmaea species complex and more particularly with the species S. goeldii Forel, 1912 mainly for sharing a relatively short peduncle, without a ventral tooth, and with ventrally convex margin. Yet, it differs from these species by the head without abundant coarse punctures, nor abundant pilosity, with larger eyes containing 5–6 ommatidia, as opposed to 1–3. The new species differs from all previously described species by the following combination of characters: smooth mesopleuron, spiracle on posterior part of propodeum, absence of petiolar peduncle ventral tooth, and the subpostpetiolar configuration, consisting of laterally produced tubercules and a long centrally projected lip.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D93C45A04DA518C9E2B25B9913B3CCE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bouju, Valentine;Chény, Cédric;Gotzek, Dietrich;Perrichot, Vincent;Fernandez, Fernando;Barden, Phillip;Fiorentino, Gianpiero	Bouju, Valentine, Chény, Cédric, Gotzek, Dietrich, Perrichot, Vincent, Fernandez, Fernando, Barden, Phillip, Fiorentino, Gianpiero (2026): Solenopsis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) thief ants in Dominican amber and putative subfossil resin. Fossil Record 29 (2): 499-517, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.181268
CEAD731DF8CB5028B220336F40612E6B.text	CEAD731DF8CB5028B220336F40612E6B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Solenopsis pilonaria Bouju & Chény & Gotzek & Perrichot & Fernandez & Barden & Fiorentino 2026	<div><p>Solenopsis pilonaria sp. nov.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype. specimen identifier MNHNSD FOS 18.128 worker, deposited in the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural “ Prof. Eugenio de Jesús Marcano ”, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic (Fig. 4). Preserved within a 10 mm by 8 mm section of yellow amber with internal bubbles. Synclusions include a Dorylinae ant worker.</p><p>Horizon and locality.</p><p>Early Miocene, Burdigalian (ca. 16 Ma; Iturralde-Vinent and MacPhee 1996); in amber from the Northern mines of the Santiago Province, Dominican Republic.</p><p>Additional material examined.</p><p>Worker, specimen identifier MCZ:Ent:PALE-43747 [MCZ]. Worker, specimen identifier AMNH -DR-10-198 [AMNH]; Dominican Republic.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Worker. With characters of the genus, plus the following unique combination of characters: Head subquadrate, slightly longer than wide, posterior margin straight; scape about as long as 2 / 3 of head length; anterior margin of clypeus with developed lateral teeth, and poorly developed extralateral teeth; distance between lateral clypeal teeth higher than five times their height; mandibles with four coarse teeth and a basal fifth. Propodeum in dorsal view with subparallel lateral margins; in lateral view dorsal and declivitous margins of subequal length, propodeum unarmed; posterodorsal position of propodeal spiracle. Petiolar peduncle shorter than the length of the petiolar node, petiolar node narrow dorsally; in dorsal view, petiole as broad as long, postpetiole broader than long and slightly broader than petiole, in lateral view, postpetiole lower than petiole; subpetiolar process produced as anterior facing tooth. Setae medium and sub-erect, with pairs of longer setae on dorsum of propodeum, petiole, and postpetiole segments.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Worker.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head sub-quadrate, slightly longer than wide, posterior margin convex; compound eyes oval and weakly bulging, composed by 3–4 ommatidia total, located slightly anterior to the midlength of the head, frontal carinae short; frontal lobes rounded, concealing most of the antennal sockets; antenna 10 segmented; antennal scape reaching but not surpassing the posterior margin, scape length about 2 / 3 of head length and longer than four times pedicel; clypeus medially with a pair of longitudinally subparallel carinae, fading posteriorly, anteriorly terminating in a pair of median teeth on the anterior clypeal margin, projected forward (clypeal lateral teeth); two smaller mediolateral teeth next to the median pair (clypeal extralateral teeth); distance between the tips of clypeal lateral teeth about five time the height of clypeal teeth from tip to lower point of median clypeal margin; median portion of clypeus raised and rather narrowly inserted between the frontal lobes, not strongly projecting forward; anterior margin of clypeus W-shaped (its extremity defined by the clypeal teeth), concave margin between the two median tips; mandibles with four conspicuous teeth and a fifth defining the basal angle; the sub-basal and apical tooth being the longest.</p><p>Mesosoma. In profile, outline of pronotum slightly convex leading to flat mesonotum; metanotal groove deep laterally and dorsally; in dorsal view, with lateral margins subparallel; in profile, dorsal margin subequal to declivitous margin and slightly rounded, meeting declivitous face at rounded angle, declivitous face convex; propodeal spiracle circular, large, located slightly upper to the midpoint of propodeum and excentered towards the declivitous margin (posterodorsal position).</p><p>Metasoma. In lateral view, petiolar peduncle shorter than the length of the petiolar node, with ventral rugosities, subpetiolar process with an anterior facing blunt tooth; petiolar node narrow dorsally, in dorsal view about as broad as long; in lateral view with weakly concave sloping anterior face, a short, flat dorsal face, and sloping to straight posterior face, ventral face convex; postpetiole nodulous, broader than long in dorsal view and slightly broader than petiole, lower than it in lateral view; subpostpetiolar process with a blunt anterior facing lip. Gaster lanceolate.</p><p>Sculpturing, setation and coloration. Holotype bicolored, head and gaster light brown contrasting with a yellow mesosoma; body rather smooth, with fine punctures on dorsum of head. Head (mandibles and antennae included), mesosoma (legs included), and metasoma with suberect setae of medium-size, about half as long as pre-apical antennomere a 9; anterior margin of pronotum, dorsum of petiole and postpetiole with pairs of long setae, about as long as pre-apical antennomere a 9; mandibles, antennae and legs covered by numerous short suberect setae.</p><p>Holotype measurements (in mm) and indices.</p><p>TL 1.66; EL 0.043; HL 0.46; HW 0.36; PH 0.19; PW 0.23; PPH 0.15; PPL 0.10; PPW 0.13; PTH 0.18; PTL 0.13; PTW 0.12; SL 0.28; WL 0.53; ATIVL 0.44; CI 78; SI 78; OI 12; DMI 43; LMI 36; LPeI 72; DPeI 92; LPpI 67; DPpI 13; PPI 11; PTI 140.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species was named by students of the Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo (Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic). The naming refers to am everyday object from Dominican Republic. The specific epithet refers to the tool “ pilón ” that is used to crush and prepare chocolate or other ingredients.</p><p>Comments.</p><p>Among Dominican amber Solenopsis, S. pilonaria sp. nov. shares most affinities with S. merengue sp. nov., although it differs from it notably in having shorter scape relative to head length, a pair of extralateral clypeal teeth, an additional mandibular tooth, and a propodeum spiracle slightly deported toward the posterior margin. It differs from S. viralata sp. nov., and S. picapica sp. nov. by having a straight posterior margin of head, different antennal configuration, less developed lateral clypeal teeth, different subpetiolar process configuration, and different pilosity configuration. It is the only species having extralateral clypeal teeth and five mandibular teeth.</p><p>Solenopsis pilonaria sp. nov. most resembled the molesta species complex, based on: antennomeres 3–7 broader than long, eyes distinctly with fewer than 12 ommatidia, bicarinate clypeus with concave median anterior margin, head somewhat quadrate to slightly elongate, postpetiole about as wide as petiole, to slightly wider in dorsal view, and fine punctures on dorsum of head. Within the molesta species complex, the body size (&gt; 1.6 mm), fine punctures, developed clypeal teeth, oval-shaped eyes, and petiolar peduncle ventral tooth of S. pilonaria sp. nov., suggest affinities with the molesta and pollux subgroups. Yet, our species differs from previously described species from these groups by the following combination of characters: scape length, extralateral teeth, smooth mesopleuron, spiracle on posterior part of propodeum, and ventral tooth on petiolar peduncle. In Solenopsis, the mandibular teeth are normally small and close together, while in the new species they are large, coarse and further apart.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CEAD731DF8CB5028B220336F40612E6B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bouju, Valentine;Chény, Cédric;Gotzek, Dietrich;Perrichot, Vincent;Fernandez, Fernando;Barden, Phillip;Fiorentino, Gianpiero	Bouju, Valentine, Chény, Cédric, Gotzek, Dietrich, Perrichot, Vincent, Fernandez, Fernando, Barden, Phillip, Fiorentino, Gianpiero (2026): Solenopsis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) thief ants in Dominican amber and putative subfossil resin. Fossil Record 29 (2): 499-517, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.181268
B17F1B42146B5E35B93709D8A5888E1D.text	B17F1B42146B5E35B93709D8A5888E1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Solenopsis viralata Bouju & Chény & Gotzek & Perrichot & Fernandez & Barden & Fiorentino 2026	<div><p>Solenopsis viralata sp. nov.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype. Worker, specimen identifier MCZ:Ent:PALE-33947 [MCZ] (Fig. 6); Dominican Republic, deposited in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts U. S. A. Preserved within an 8 mm by 3 mm section of yellow amber. No syninclusions.</p><p>Horizon and locality.</p><p>Early Miocene, Burdigalian (ca. 16 Ma; Iturralde-Vinent and MacPhee 1996); in amber from the Eastern mines of the Hato Mayor Province, Dominican Republic.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Worker. With characters of the Solenopsis genus, plus the following unique combination of characters: Head sub-quadrate, with posterior margin shallowly concave; scape shorter than 2 / 3 of head length; anterior margin of clypeus with well-developed lateral teeth, teeth higher than a fifth of the distance that separates them; mandible with three conspicuous teeth and a basal fourth. Propodeum in dorsal view with subparallel lateral margins; in lateral view, the dorsal margin visibly shorter than declivitous margin, propodeum unarmed; dorso-median position of propodeal spiracle. Petiolar peduncle about the same length as the petiolar node, petiolar node angular dorsally; in dorsal view, petiole and postpetiole nodulous, of equal width, petiole about as long as broad and postpetiole broader than long; subpetiolar process without ventral tooth. Body with suberect setae, particularly abundant on dorsum of gaster.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Worker.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head sub-quadrate, slightly longer than wide, posterior margin shallowly concave; compound eye, oval, and weakly bulging, inserted in the latero-dorsal margin, located slightly in front of the mid-length of the head; frontal carinae restricted to the small rounded frontal lobes; frontal lobes present and rather developed, concealing most of the antennal sockets; antenna 10 segmented; antennal scape less than 2 / 3 of head length but longer than four times pedicel length; median portion of clypeus raised and rather narrowly inserted between the frontal lobe; clypeus longitudinally bicarinate, consisting of two symmetrical and sub-rectilinear carinae, into frons in v shape, each one terminating in a prominent tooth in the anterior clypeal margin (clypeal lateral teeth), with concave margin between them, extralateral teeth absent; mandibles with 3 conspicuous teeth and a fourth one defining the basal angle; the apical tooth being the longest.</p><p>Mesosoma. In profile, outline of pronotum convex; metanotal groove deep laterally and dorsally; propodeum in dorsal view with lateral margins subparallel, regular carina on each side of the dorsum, from the metanotal groove to the posterior margin; in profile, dorsal face convex, shorter than declivitous face; propodeal spiracle round, centered on the upper half of propodeum (mediodorsal position).</p><p>Metasoma. In lateral view, petiolar peduncle about the same length as the petiolar node, subpetiolar process forming conspicuous anterior facing tooth; petiolar node angular dorsally, in dorsal view about as broad as long, in lateral view anterior face concave, dorsum flat, posterior face coarsely convex. Postpetiole node rounded, broader than long, as broad as petiole in dorsal view, and lower than petiole in lateral view. Gaster lanceolate.</p><p>Sculpturing, setation and coloration. Body smooth. Head (mandibles and antennae included), mesosoma (legs included), metasoma with suberect setae, mandibles, antennae and legs covered by numerous short suberect setae.</p><p>Holotype measurements (in mm) and indices.</p><p>TL 1.8–2.0; HW 0.36; PW 0.20; PPW 0.10; PTL 0.12; PTW 0.10; SL 0.28–0.29; WL 0.47–0.50; SI 78; DMI 41; DPeI 83; PPI 100.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species was named by students of the Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo (Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic). The naming refers to a word used in Dominican Republic. “ Viralata ” is said to the dogs in the street.</p><p>Comments.</p><p>Among Dominican amber Solenopsis, S. viralata sp. nov. is most similar to S. picapica sp. nov., although it differs from it in having shorter scape relative to head length and shorter pedicel relative to following antennomeres, but longer apical antennomere relative to the length of combined antennomeres 3–9, and a propodeum spiracle centered on upper half of propodeum and not deported toward the posterior margin. It differs from S. pilonaria sp. nov., and S. merengue sp. nov. in having a shallowly concave posterior margin of head, different antennal configuration, more prominent clypeal teeth, different subpetiolar process configuration, and no pairs of longer setae on propodeum, petiole, and postpetiole dorsum. It is the only species with dorsal margin of propodeum visibly shorter than declivitous margin.</p><p>Solenopsis viralata sp. nov. shares affinities with the molesta species complex, based on: funicular segments broader than long, eyes small but distinct of fewer than 12 ommatidia, bicarinate clypeus with concave median anterior margin of clypeus, head somewhat quadrate, postpetiole about as wide as petiole, and fine punctures on dorsum of head. Within the molesta species complex, the body size (&gt; 1.6 mm), fine punctures, developed clypeal teeth, oval-shaped eyes, and rounded propodeum, suggests affinities with the molesta subgroup. Yet, the combination of antennal configuration, distance between lateral clypeal teeth ca. 60–65 µm, smooth mesopleuron, spiracle on mid part of propodeum, the lateral keels of the propodeum, and absence of petiolar peduncle ventral tooth separate this species from the other species in the genus and from the rest of the Formicidae .</p><p>Possible additional material of Solenopsis viralata sp. nov. MCZ:Ent:PALE-33947 does not present clear trace of dehydration or compression. There is no syninclusion in the piece containing the specimen.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B17F1B42146B5E35B93709D8A5888E1D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bouju, Valentine;Chény, Cédric;Gotzek, Dietrich;Perrichot, Vincent;Fernandez, Fernando;Barden, Phillip;Fiorentino, Gianpiero	Bouju, Valentine, Chény, Cédric, Gotzek, Dietrich, Perrichot, Vincent, Fernandez, Fernando, Barden, Phillip, Fiorentino, Gianpiero (2026): Solenopsis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) thief ants in Dominican amber and putative subfossil resin. Fossil Record 29 (2): 499-517, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.181268
B5DDAD0F7D415421BF005462FEB19A82.text	B5DDAD0F7D415421BF005462FEB19A82.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Solenopsis Westwood 1840	<div><p>Genus Solenopsis Westwood, 1840</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius, 1804), Roger, 1862, by subsequent designation.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Central America.</p><p>Diagnosis (worker).</p><p>Cf. Fisher and Bolton 2016. Solenopsis can mainly be distinguished from other Myrmicinae genera by the combination of antenna with 10 segments and a two-segmented club, and the median unpaired seta on anterior clypeal margin.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5DDAD0F7D415421BF005462FEB19A82	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bouju, Valentine;Chény, Cédric;Gotzek, Dietrich;Perrichot, Vincent;Fernandez, Fernando;Barden, Phillip;Fiorentino, Gianpiero	Bouju, Valentine, Chény, Cédric, Gotzek, Dietrich, Perrichot, Vincent, Fernandez, Fernando, Barden, Phillip, Fiorentino, Gianpiero (2026): Solenopsis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) thief ants in Dominican amber and putative subfossil resin. Fossil Record 29 (2): 499-517, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.181268
