taxonID	type	description	language	source
B9F8D356E1905730A5044B0A00DA49FE.taxon	description	Figs 6, 14 E	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
B9F8D356E1905730A5044B0A00DA49FE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Arms 6. Abactinal disk and arm plate each bears one long, sharp spine, about 1 mm in length, not covered by membranous sheath. Enlarged pedicellariae (about 0.3 – 0.5 mm in length) with curved valves present on oral spines and abactinal surface of disk and arm genital area. Small pedicellariae (less than 0.2 mm in length) cluster in transverse bands on abactinal arm beyond genital area. One aboral furrow spine and one subambulacral spine on each adambulacral plate. Proximal subambulacral spines with truncate end. One lateral spine corresponding to every adambulacral plate beyond genital area. Oral plate bears one actinostomal spine, one suboral spine, and one furrow spine, all covered by large pedicellariae.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
B9F8D356E1905730A5044B0A00DA49FE.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Northwest Pacific: Mariana Trench, Yap Trench, Lamont Seamount, Pigafetta Basin; Eastern Pacific: Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ). 4137 – 4991 m. Type locality: Mariana Trench, Yap Trench, Lamont Seamount, 4798 – 4991 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
654269D362F05022BEE1FE432B986D74.taxon	description	Figs 5, 14 D	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
654269D362F05022BEE1FE432B986D74.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Arms six. Abactinal disk and arm plate each bears multiple spines (usually 4 – 8), most measuring 0.5 – 0.8 mm in length, not covered by membranous sheath. Pedicellariae absent on abactinal surface of disk and arm genital area. Pedicellariae cluster in transverse bands on abactinal arm beyond genital area. One long aboral spine and one subambulacral spine on each adambulacral plate. Proximal subambulacral spines with truncate end. Lateral spine corresponds to every adambulacral plate beyond genital area. Oral plate bears two actinostomal spines, one suboral spine, and one aboral furrow spine.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
654269D362F05022BEE1FE432B986D74.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Northwest Pacific: Caiwei Seamount, O-Hakucho Guyot, 3121 – 4322 m. Type locality: Caiwei Seamount, 4322 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
AC6048DB979B54BEA70F9BD52F1BF82D.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Freyella sexradiata Perrier, 1885.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
AC6048DB979B54BEA70F9BD52F1BF82D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Arms six. Papulae absent. One pair of gonads on each arm. Disk very small, arms extremely long and slender. The first pair of inferomarginal plates appears later on arm, not in contact with the odontophore. Inferomarginal plates and lateral spines generally correspond to every adambulacral plate beyond genital area. Abactinal arm in genital region covered with pavement of spinate plates. Adambulacral plates elongated.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
EE990D3337E2527C9B149827F248AC11.taxon	description	Fig. 8	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
EE990D3337E2527C9B149827F248AC11.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Only known at type locality. Weddle Sea. 4572 – 4791 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
C5234970A9EB5EAFBD7BBA2B0AC2AC29.taxon	description	Figs 2, 3, 4, 14 A – C	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
C5234970A9EB5EAFBD7BBA2B0AC2AC29.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Arms six. Abactinal disk with short hirsute spinelets, about 0.2 mm in length, surrounded by small pedicellariae. Abactinal arm plates each bears one spine, covered with a membranous sheath loaded with small pedicellariae. Pedicellariae on abactinal disk and arm less than 0.1 mm in length. Pedicellariae cluster in pads or transverse bands on abactinal arm beyond genital area. Each adambulacral plate with 1 – 3 aboral furrow spines and one subambulacral spine. Lateral spines long, corresponding to each adambulacral plate beyond genital area. Oral plate with 1 – 2 actinostomal spines, one suboral spine, and one aboral spine along the furrow margin.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
C5234970A9EB5EAFBD7BBA2B0AC2AC29.taxon	description	Description. Holotype: a complete specimen, with one arm regenerating. r = 5.5 mm, R about 220 mm. Height of disk 3.5 mm. Arm measures 4 mm at base, 6 mm at the widest part. Genital inflation extends about 13.5 mm. Female. Paratypes: RSIOAST 0112 & RSIOAST 0113, disks absent, seven detached arms mixed in one jar. Longest arm measures about 230 mm. Arm 4.1 mm wide at base, 4.7 mm at the widest part. Genital inflation extends about 16 mm. Female. Abactinal surface of disk with small rounded plates, each with one short spinelet measuring about 0.2 mm in length (Fig. 2 B). At the base of the spinelets is a circle of 2 – 6 small pedicellariae, less than 0.1 mm in length. Spinelets are more crowded and longer at center of the disk, where the anus located but obscured by a cluster of spinelets. Madreporite with a subcentral cleavage, 1.3 mm in diameter, rather large and protruding, situated near the interradial margin of the disk above the odontophore. The surface of madreporite also covered with spinelets and small pedicellariae. Basal part of arm with slight genital inflation. A pair of gonads to each arm. Female gonads encapsulated in a long sac, about 13 mm in length (Fig. 4 D). Abactinal armature of arm in the genital area with irregular polygonal-shaped plates, much larger than those on disk (Fig. 2 D). Each plate carries one short spine, about 0.5 – 0.8 mm in length, covered with a tegument loaded with minute pedicellariae (Figs 2 D, 3 A, 4 A, B). A minority of larger plates carry two or even three spines. The surface of arm plates also scattered with small pedicellariae. The abactinal plates do not seem to go far beyond genital area. The spines become shorter at the end of genital area, sheathed with pedicellariae-covered tegument (Fig. 3 B, C). Beyond genital area, the pedicellariae cluster in round tegumentary pads (Fig. 3 D). At the distal part of the arm, pedicellariae pads or transverse bands occur alternately (Figs 3 E, F, 4 F). Adambulacral plate narrow and elongated (Figs 2 C, E, 4 C). Each bearing one central subambulacral spine and 1 – 3 small aboral furrow spines. Furrow spines at the base of arm measure less than 1 mm in length, covered with a few scattered small pedicellariae and usually a tuft of pedicellariae at the tip. Furrow spines become fewer and smaller at middle to distal part of arm (Fig. 4 E), then disappear. Subambulacral spines sheathed, covered with dense small pedicellariae. Subambulacral spines about 2 – 2.5 mm in length at base of arm, 4 – 5 mm at middle part of arm. The first inferomarginal plate occurs at about the 7 th adambulacral plate, corresponding to alternate or every third adambulacral plate within the genital area and then to every adambulacral plate beyond about 20 th adambulacrals. Inferomarginal plates each bear one long sheathed lateral spine, similar in form to subambulacral spines but much longer, about 20 mm in length at middle part of arm. Oral plate with 3 – 4 spines in total (Fig. 2 A). One or two actinostomal spines along the proximal margin of the plate, about 1 mm in length. One suboral spine, the most robust of all oral spines, 1.5 – 2 mm in length, situated not at the center of the plate but near the proximal-furrow margin. One aboral spine similar in size to the actinostomal spine, siting at the distal furrow margin of the plate. All mouth spines with pointed or obtuse tips, covered with minute pedicellariae. A small crustacean skeleton found in the mouth of the holotype (Fig. 2 A).	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
C5234970A9EB5EAFBD7BBA2B0AC2AC29.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after the Chinese manned submersible Jiaolong that collected all three specimens of the new species.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
C5234970A9EB5EAFBD7BBA2B0AC2AC29.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Northwest Pacific: Kyushu-Palau Ridge. 3523 – 3641 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
D1AA056020DD58A392E2DBA685BA52BF.taxon	description	Fig. 9 A – D	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
D1AA056020DD58A392E2DBA685BA52BF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Only known at type locality. East of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench. 4995 – 5998 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
C51C6E1937E45462BBEE4A13FFD7318C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (revised from A. H. Clark 1939). Arms six. Abactinal disk plate, each with a single spinelet. Genital region uniformly covered with larger plates, each with usually 2 – 4 similar spinelets, more or less in a transverse series. Pedicellariae numerous on disk and arms. Each mouth plate with 9 – 12 spines. First two adambulacral plates united by syzygy. Proximal adambulacrals with a diagonal row of 4 or 5 spines.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
C51C6E1937E45462BBEE4A13FFD7318C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Only known at type locality: Gulf of Mexico, 2683 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
3DEAAFD2354D5D018DB6C2DA2401BDBB.taxon	description	Fig. 7	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
3DEAAFD2354D5D018DB6C2DA2401BDBB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Arms 6. Abactinal disk scattered with long, sharp spines. Abactinal arm plates with 1 – 5 (usually 2 – 4) spines of similar size and form with those on disk, not covered by membranous sheath. Abactinal arm plates and spines extend beyond genital area. Enlarged pedicellariae (about 0.5 mm in length) with curved valves present on oral spines, proximal adambulacral spines, abactinal surface of disk, and arm genital areas. Small pedicellariae (about 0.1 mm in length) cluster in transverse bands on abactinal arm beyond genital area. Proximal adambulacral plates with one subambulacral spine, one aboral spine, and one furrow spine in a diagonal row. Proximal subambulacral spines with truncate end. Oral plate with one actinostomal spine, one suboral spine, and one aboral furrow spine.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
3DEAAFD2354D5D018DB6C2DA2401BDBB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Southwest Pacific: Kermadec Trench; Northwest Pacific: Mariana Trench, Parece Vela basin. 5850 – 6200 m. Type locality: Kermadec Trench, 5850 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
EEA6264E2D09540E9D3219BCBEB5409C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Arms six. Abactinal disk plate, each with one fairly elongated spine. Pedicellariae absent on abactinal disk. Abactinal arm plates each bears one spine, covered with a membranous sheath loaded with small pedicellariae. Each adambulacral plate with one small aboral furrow spine and one subambulacral spine. Lateral spines corresponding to each adambulacral plate beyond genital area. Oral plate with two actinostomal spines, one suboral spine, and one aboral spine along the furrow margin.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
EEA6264E2D09540E9D3219BCBEB5409C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. North Atlantic, 4020 – 5110 m. Type locality: Between the Azores and France, 4060 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
68038EDC20B951A7A21E929339163135.taxon	description	Fig. 9 E – I	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
68038EDC20B951A7A21E929339163135.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Atlantic Ocean; Eastern Pacific; Indian Ocean; Bay of Bengal. 3365 – 5180 m. Type locality: Atlantic Ocean: between Canary Islands and Cape Verde Islands; between the coast of Africa and the Island of Ascension. 4298 – 4390 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
DA1413D4EE0C5A17932F6B63B444D82F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Eastern Pacific: Clarion-Clipperton Zone. 4011 – 5000 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
FC59587043135738A06C5D58D8DA679B.taxon	description	Fig. 10	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
FC59587043135738A06C5D58D8DA679B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Eastern Pacific: Clarion-Clipperton Zone; Northwest Pacific: Western Philippine Basin. 5204 – 5900 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
3820C7EF2DBD5C1A8D23C40E54E78E73.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Weddle Sea, 4648 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
358786F0E0DF5EC68380F1185DFEF3DA.taxon	description	Fig. 11	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
358786F0E0DF5EC68380F1185DFEF3DA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Arms six. Abactinal armature of disk with one primary central plate at center of the disk and a primary interradial plate at each interradius (Fig. 11 A – D). Central and interradial primary plates shield-like, much larger than the rest of abactinal disk plates (primary plates present in most specimens examined, but indistinguishable in some individuals). Abactinal disk and arm plates evenly covered with numerous short spinelets and small pedicellariae (Fig. 11 G). Beyond genital area, abactinal arm with bands of small pedicellariae. Adambulacral plate with one subambulacral spine. Proximal subambulacral spines with modified tips (truncated or flattened bifurcated) (Fig. 11 E, H). Furrow spine absent. Oral plate with 2 – 3 actinostomal spines and one suboral spine, each covered with membranous sheath, but the tips are bare (Fig. 11 E, F). Spines covered with small pedicellariae. Large pedicellariae absent. Inferomarginal plates and lateral spines occur at alternate adambulacral plates beyond genital area (Fig. 11 I).	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
358786F0E0DF5EC68380F1185DFEF3DA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. North Atlantic, Southern Pacific, Eastern Pacific, Southern Ocean. 2450 – 5000 m. Type locality: Southern Pacific, 4663 m.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
632583E92D585787A2DED493DF237A5D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Arms 6 – 15. Papulae absent. One pair of gonads on each arm. The first pair of inferomarginal plates not in contact with the odontophore. Inferomarginal plates generally correspond to every 2 nd adambulacral plate beyond genital area. Abactinal arm in genital region covered with pavement of spinate plates.	en	Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhou, Yadong, Mao, Jingwen, Wang, Chunsheng, Zhang, Dongsheng (2025): Hidden diversity of Freyastera (Asteroidea, Brisingida, Freyellidae) at great depth: Description of new species and remarks on species boundaries. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (2): 735-760, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.144918
